The Shattered Lens
Page 26
ethnic cleansing in, 218
siege and, 219–20
train service and, 218, 228
Doueihy, Robert, 5
Alpeyrie’s kidnapping and, 141, 143–46, 148, 149, 150, 151
Alpeyrie’s post-release contact with, 238
denial that Alpeyrie was in Damascus, 151, 238
ransom negotiations and, 148, 150, 151–52
wife of, visits Alpeyrie, 160
Dracula (Stoker), 33, 199
Druze, 128, 156
E
Egypt
Alpeyrie and Moisan in, 203–7
arrest of Al Jazeera reporters, 207
arrests of journalists in, 206–7
bombing, Cairo police headquarters (2014), 204
Coptic Christian community in, 203, 206
Islamists in, 204
Mohandessin neighborhood, Cairo, 205
Morsi government, 198, 203–4
Muslim Brotherhood in, 198, 203, 205
ouster of Hosni Mubarak, 122, 203
political protests in, 204–6
Rabaa Massacre, 198
revolution anniversary in, 203, 204, 205
el-Sisi takeover, 198, 203
television programs, 49
Westerners in, hostility toward, 203–4
See also Cairo
Elle magazine, 209
El Mundo, 176
el-Sisi, Abdel Fattah. See Sisi, Abdel Fattah el-
Espinoza, Javier, 176–78
Essad (kidnapper commander), 98
abduction of Magnus Falkehed and, 175–76
Alpeyrie and brother of, 79–80
Alpeyrie’s belt taken by, 37, 43
Alpeyrie’s release and, 111, 120
Alpeyrie’s swimming lesson, 113–15, 159
Alpeyrie under protection of, 33
assassination of, 237
fighting in Homs region, 238
at the Light House, shelling and, 95
meetings with Alpeyrie, 33, 37, 39, 94
as “Number One Man, the chief,” 29, 37, 80
release negotiations and, 128
Ethiopia
Alpeyrie in, 23–25, 44
ethnic fighting in, 23
OLF in, 23–25, 184
Somali region, 44
Europe
Alpeyrie’s ideas about the future of, 212, 216
Alpeyrie’s motivations for career and, 181
Alpeyrie’s travels in, 185
Belle Époque, 214
complacency, weakness of, 207
cradle-to-grave social welfare system and, 215
culture and values of, 184–85, 208, 215
EU as destructive to, 214
Islam as threat to, 207–8
male relationships in, 45
migrants in, 202
nationalist resurgence in, 213, 214
NATO and, 212–13
Operation Barbarossa and, 72 (see also World War II)
paying hostage ransoms and, 35
photo controls for speeding in, 197
retrenchment into self-interest, 215
statism in, 214
stressors or fault lines of, 209, 212
terrorist violence in, 208
Ukraine’s importance in the history of, 215–16
western Ukraine and, 209, 210
World War I and, 214
European Union
Alpeyrie’s analysis of impact on Europe, 214
blacklisting of Aboud by, 175, 238
four freedoms and, 214
ideal citizen of, as consumer, 215
nationalist rejection of, 213
neoliberal free market system as focus of, 214
power of multinational corporations in, 214–15
Ukraine withdrawal from E.U. Association Agreement, 198–99, 209, 210, 213
F
Facebook
Alpeyrie in contact with people in Syria, 237, 238
Alpeyrie sets up a date and, 31
Alpeyrie’s page, posting of kidnapping, 140, 141
Alpeyrie’s page deleted, 142
Falkehed, Magnus, 174–76
Fares (housemate, rebel sympathizer)
abduction of Magnus Falkehed and, 175
Abu Talal and, 79, 82, 98
Alpeyrie’s friendship with, 59–60, 63, 79, 86, 202
Alpeyrie taken on an excursion by, 97–98
Alpeyrie taken to archeological dig and, 110
on Christians, 104
at family house, Qalamoun Mountains, 237–38
helps in Alpeyrie’s release, 100–101, 106, 109, 110, 111
questions about France and the U.S., 65, 66
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 145–47, 149, 179
debriefing of Alpeyrie and, 157, 173
First Indochina War, 87
fixer, 10. See also Alfarook; No Problem
Flic (kidnapper)
Alpeyrie moved to new location and, 58–60
description of, 26
kindness of, 26, 29, 38, 59, 60
lifting weights and, 50
praying by, 95
shelling of location and, 26
Flynn, Sean, 198
Foley, James, 156, 157, 177, 178
beheading of, 220
Fox News, 165, 179–80
France
abduction of Magnus Falkehed and, 175
Algerian War and, 194
Alpeyrie embedded with French Foreign Legion in Afghanistan, 73–77
Alpeyrie’s childhood in, 67, 77, 158, 193, 196–97
Alpeyrie’s kidnapping and, 146
Alpeyrie’s release and, 128, 134, 146
Alpeyrie’s Uncle Theo and, 69–70
debriefing of Alpeyrie and, 153–59
DGSE (external intelligence agency), 164
highest military award, 70
hostage ransoms paid by, 178
Lebanon and, 155
male relationships in, 92
Normandy, 67
Quai d’Orsay (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), 146, 149, 164
Revolution, 158
Spanish hostage in Syria and, 177
Syrian conflict and, 65
World War II and, 69
Free Syrian Army, 5, 10, 35, 38, 51
AK-47s and, 15, 16, 17, 20, 48, 62, 94, 201
Alpeyrie’s assessment of the rebels, 65–66
Alpeyrie’s kidnapping and, 145
commander, Abu Faras, 14–16, 109–10
headquarters of Alpeyrie’s captors, 61, 62, 79–80, 89, 111, 112–15
Jabhat al-Nusra and, 121, 151
as moderate rebels, 94
PKP “Pecheneg” machine gun, 62
prayer and, 94, 95
radicalization of individuals and, 202
RPG-7 antitank weapon, 62
torture and interrogation by, 66, 89–90
U.S. and, 65, 215
weaponry of, 62
Friedmann, André, 86–87
G
Gaddafi, Muammar, 65–66
Galli, Jean-Claude, 216, 217, 221
Georgia (Eastern Europe), 213
Germany
Alpeyrie’s project photographing veterans, 185–92
First Battle of Kiev (1941) and, 227
Operation Barbarossa (1941), 71–72
World War II and, 68–71, 186–91, 217, 227–28
Girard, René, 144
Gori, Georgia, 30
Gottstein, Ernst, 186–91
grad missiles, 7, 8
Great Escape, The (film), 197
Guardian newspaper, 224
H
Hama, Syria, 64
Hammarström, Niclas, 174–76
Hannity (TV show), 179–80
Heidrick & Struggles, 143, 147
Heliopolis, Egypt, 206
Heliopolis (Baalbek), Lebanon, 6, 22
Hetherington, Tim, 22
Hezbollah, 5, 150
Assad backed by, 29, 103
fighting
in Syria, 8, 39, 65
Iran and, 65
Hitler, Adolf, 72
Holm, Fredrik, 174
Homs, Syria, 5, 64, 238
deaths of reporters and photographers in, 7–8, 176
press center, 7–8
refugees from, 12
shelling of, 7–8, 12
siege in (February 2012), 7–8
I
Ilovaisk, Ukraine, 220
Imam, Adel, 49, 99
Iran
Hezbollah and, 65
hostage crisis and, 194
Iraq, 202, 215
Battle of Mosul (2017) covered by Alpeyrie, 239
conflict journalism and war in, 71
U.S.-British invasion of, 71, 184
ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), 94, 151, 180, 202
Egyptian bombings (2014) and, 205
Foley beheaded by, 220
hostages held by, 176–78
Jihadi John and the Beatles, 177
torture and interrogation by, 177
Islam
Alpeyrie’s thoughts on, 207–8
Europe and, 207–8
metaphors of violence and conquest in, 207
Salafi Islam as a threat to Western culture, 207–8
See also Shia Muslims; Sunni Muslims
Islamic extremists, 201
in Egypt, 204
in Syria, 201–2
See also ISIS; specific factions; specific people
J
Jabhat al-Nusra, 94, 121, 151
Jack Nelson swimming camp, 77–78
Japan, 185
Jordan
American embassy in, 145
CIA in, 51
interrogations in, 123
Jubin, Mila, 134, 146, 162, 164
Junger, Sebastian, 22
K
Kharkiv, Ukraine, 210, 211, 212
Kramatorsk, Ukraine, 218, 224
Kyiv (Kiev), Ukraine, 218
combat photographers and journalists in, 219
First Battle of Kiev (1941), 227
Independence Square (the Euromaidan), 199, 210–11, 213
pro-EU protests in, 209, 210–11, 216
Ukraina Hotel, 211
violence and killings in, 211
L
Latakia, Syria, 64
Lebanon, 3
Alpeyrie’s imprisonment, distance from, 79
Alpeyrie’s contact, Doueihy, 5, 141–52
Alpeyrie’s documents and, 160–61
Alpeyrie’s plans for return to, 14
Alpeyrie’s release and, 131
ancient Phoenicians and, 4
Assad’s attack on Arsal, 6
bombings related to Syrian conflict in, 6
French embassy in Beirut and, 128, 135, 153–59
French Mandate and, 155
Maronites (Christians) in, 141
military checkpoints in, 8
Shia Hezbollah in, 5
Sunni Muslims in, 5
Syrian refugees in, 5, 62, 238
war in, 1980s, 5
Le Sommier, Régis, 163
Libya, 22, 65–66, 215
Foley abducted in, 220
Lieberman, Theophile (uncle), 69–70
Lopez, Jennifer, 89–90
l’Oustau de Baumanière, France, 77
Luhansk, Ukraine, 224, 228
M
Mahmoud aka Baby Donkey (kidnapper), 104
Alpeyrie steals cigarettes from, 30
description of, 20–21
joining ISIS (Daesh), 238
nickname of, 28
as a nuisance, 63
relationship with Alpeyrie, 66, 81, 90, 97
spying on Alpeyrie and, 20–21, 28
unpopularity and stupidity of, 20, 21, 28, 57, 65, 81
Mahmoud aka Pech (rebel), 62
Mariupol, Ukraine, 221, 223, 239
Maronites (Christians), 141
McQueen, Steve, 197
Mein Kampf (Hitler), 72
Mej (kidnapper), 39
Alpeyrie’s escape attempt hidden from, 101–3, 104, 106, 107
Alpeyrie’s fraternal relationship with, 82–83, 84, 85, 86, 90, 99, 104, 202
Alpeyrie’s swimming techniques and, 113
Alpeyrie’s testing of, 68
Alpeyrie’s water tank job and, 106
appearance, 27, 82
conditions of Alpeyrie’s captivity and, 47, 57
confrontation with Psycho and, 48–49
description of, 20
desire for a girlfriend, 82–83, 85
on Essad, 29, 37
Fares and, 63
Fares’s cousin visits and, 100
in Germany, 238
kindness of, 20, 27–28, 33, 57, 66
reassurance by, 33, 36, 37, 46
respect for Alpeyrie, 33
RPG-7 antitank weapon of, 62
shelling of location and, 80
water delivery and, 106
youth of, 27
Moisan, Dorothée, 203
collaboration with Alpeyrie in Egypt, 203–7
collaboration with Alpeyrie in Ukraine, 209
piece in Elle, 209
Morsi, Mohamed, 198, 203
Mosul, Iraq, 239
Moutafis, Giorgos, 64, 220
Moyale, Ethiopia, 23
Mubarak, Hosni, 122, 203, 205, 206
Muslim Brotherhood
Al Jazeera TV and, 207
arrest of Al Jazeera reporters and, 207
demonstrations in Cairo, 205
ouster from power in Egypt, 198
Qatar bankrolling of, 207
support in Egypt for, 203
Syria and the Sunnis, 65
N
Nairobi, Kenya, 23
NATO, 212–13
bombing of Libya by, 66
Nepal, 223
New York City
Alpeyrie living in, 40, 78, 89, 90, 96, 139
Alpeyrie moves to, as teenager, 5, 25, 32, 56, 193, 194
Alpeyrie returns to, post-release, 164–65, 195, 196, 198, 211, 218, 223
Alpeyrie’s agency in, 12
Alpeyrie’s father in, 7, 32, 40, 139–43
Alpeyrie’s friend Aaron Schumm in, 140, 178
Alpeyrie’s motorcycle in, 78, 195
Junger talk in, 22
Lycée Français in, 193, 243
women in, 93
Nikon cameras
D100, 5
D800, 129
D300, 5
Noor (rebel)
Alpeyrie’s fraternal relationship with, 90, 94, 113, 202
Alpeyrie’s release and, 119
Alpeyrie’s swimming techniques and, 113
Alpeyrie taken to archeological dig and, 109, 110
appearance, 87
apricot picking with Alpeyrie, 93–94
description of, 61
fighting in Homs region, 238
fighting in Syria and, 101
kindness of, 112, 119
objections to keeping Alpeyrie confined, 79
sex and, 87–88, 89
torture and, 90
No Problem (fixer), 14, 15, 16–17, 21
O
Obama, Barack, 66
Mubarak overthrow and, 203
Syrian conflict and, 179–80
Ochlik, Rémi, 7–8
Odessa, Ukraine, 212
Ogaden National Liberation Front, 44
Olson, Scott, 217–18, 219
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, 213
Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), 23–25
diaspora community, Minneapolis, 183–84
P
Paoli, Patrice, 134, 154–55, 158
Pappis, J. P., 149, 178
Paris, 14, 35, 74, 89, 140, 176, 177, 209
Alpeyrie returns to, post-release, 162–64
Alpeyrie’s childhood in, 5, 25, 32, 34, 40
Alpeyrie’s date stood up in, 31, 159–60
Alpeyrie’s father in, 197
Alpey
rie’s friends in, 128, 193
Charles de Gaulle Airport, 162
Gauloises blondes (cigarettes) and, 30
Lebanon as outpost of, 155
Quai d’Orsay (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) in, 146, 149, 164
terror attacks in (1986), 5
World War II and, 189
Paris Match, 163
Alpeyrie and Moisan in Egypt and, 203
Paulus, Friedrich, 228
Platt, Spencer, 219, 221
Pohorylle, Gerta, 86–87
Polaris Images, 3, 12, 33, 146, 149, 178
Poroshenko, Petro, 221, 229
Psycho (kidnapper)
brutality of, 16, 20, 21
confrontation with Alpeyrie, 47–49
as dangerous, 17, 29, 47
description of, 20
disappearance of, 47–48
Putin, Vladimir, 180, 214
Q
Qalamoun Mountains, Syria, 9, 61, 79, 237–38
government offensive in, 103
Qatar, 207
R
Rabiyah (rebel)
Alpeyrie hiding escape plans from, 101–3
Alpeyrie’s fraternal relationship with, 82
Alpeyrie’s release and, 119
capture and death of, 238
description of, 61
learning to dance, 89–90
sexual inexperience of, 83–86, 87
shelling of location and, 73
watch owned by, 105
Ramadan, 111–12
Rankous, Syria, 14, 237
Raqqa, Syria, 176, 177, 238
Ray-Ban (Shabiha military officer), 122–26, 130–31
as refugee in Lebanon, 238
Rollei Rolleicord camera, 185
Rommel, Erwin, 188
Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 218
Russia, 62
Alpeyrie covering war in Georgia, 30–31
Crimea takeover operation, 211–12
equipment and weaponry used in Syria, 51, 62
First Battle of Kiev (1941) and, 227
missiles used in Syria, 7
naval base in Crimea, 212
Operation Barbarossa and, 71–72
planes in Syria, 62, 116
resurgence of, 212–13
Ukraine and, 209, 210, 211–12, 217, 228, 229
U.S. and Syrian chemical weapons deal, 180
World War II and, 68, 71–72, 186–87, 188, 217, 227–28
Russo-Georgian War, 30–31
S
Santa Barbara, Calif., 185
Saudi Arabia, funding of Syrian rebels by, 21
Savchuk, Elena, 224
scapegoat, 144
Schumm, Aaron, 140–41, 148–49, 164, 178, 193–94
Scud missiles, 9
Sea of Azov, 221
Serbia, 218
Sessini, Jérôme, 219
Shabiha (Alawite militia, loyal to Assad regime), 121–22, 125, 128
Shia Muslims, 151
Hezbollah and, 5
from Lebanon, 65
in Syria, 225
Shyrokyne, Ukraine, 239
Simferopol, Crimea, 211–12
Sisi, Abdel Fattah el-, 198, 203
supporters of, 206
Sloviansk, Ukraine, 218
Smolensk, Russia, 187
Somali community in Minneapolis, 203
Spanish Civil War, 86–87