The House by the Lake
Page 41
Schwarz, Friedrich 116
Schwarzschild family 38
‘Schwein Kühne’ 226
Second World War see World War II
secret informants 219–21, 281
Seeburg 274
Seepromenade, Groß Glienicke 127, 240, 279, 283
Seldte, Franz 65, 74
Serbia 24, 333
Shakespeare, William 4
Short Sunderland 10 aircraft 187
Siberia 13, 197
Sieben, Johannes 257
Siemens 58
Silesia 29
Skandal um die Fledermaus 121
slave labour 160, 171
smuggling 187–8, 198
Social Democrat 194
Social Democratic Party (SPD) 27–8, 73, 74, 310
social welfare 309, 317
Socialist Unity Party (SED) 192, 212, 219, 253, 264, 280
Söhnker, Hans 118
Solidarity trade union 291
‘Sommerhaus’ 45, 59
Sophie, duchess of Hohenberg 24
South Africa 93, 94, 97, 131, 312
South America 109
Soviet Union 172, 174, 176, 182, 188, 239, 249–50, 253, 257, 258, 279–80
1917 October Revolution 28; 1939 invasion of Poland 131; 1941 German invasion 136; 1944 Red Army advances through Poland 153; 1945 encirclement of Berlin 154; fighter jets attack Groß Glienicke 155; Battle of Berlin 155–60, 163; Red Army takes Groß Glienicke; women raped 156–9, 168; Helmuth Weidling surrenders Berlin to Vasily Chuikov 158–9; unconditional surrender of Germany 159; suspected war criminals arrested in Groß Glienicke 159–60; ‘Staging Post 19’ sets out for Berlin; takes Gatow airfield 161–2; Potsdam Conference; partition of Germany 161–5; land reform in East Germany 166; schloss at Groß Glienicke burns down 167; 1946 rebuilding of Metropol Theater in Berlin 171, 173; 1948 Berlin Blockade begins 183, 184–7; 1949 end of Berlin Blockade 190; first nuclear bomb test 191; foundation of Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR) 192; string of murders around Groß Glienicke 192–6; 1950 creation of Stasi in DDR 218; arrest of Leopold Bauer 196–7; 1952 trial of Leopold Bauer 197; 1953 death of Joseph Stalin; suppression of protests in DDR 211–13; 1960 U2 incident 258–9; 1961 construction of Berlin Wall begins 232–3; 1962 swapping of intelligence agents with US at Berlin border crossing 258; 1964 swapping of intelligence agents with UK at Berlin border crossing 258–9; 1970 Treaties of Moscow and Warsaw 269; 1989 Mikhail Gorbachev attends DDR’s fortieth anniversary celebrations 292; fall of Berlin Wall 295; 1994 withdrawal of forces from Berlin 316
Spain 4, 13, 135, 146
Spandau, Berlin 1, 18, 23, 58, 164, 169, 214, 308, 342
Spartakus uprising (1919) 28
Spree River 16, 163
Spruchkammern (tribunals) 177–83
Staaken, Berlin 165, 214, 233, 288, 294, 297
Staatsangehörige (state subjects) 98
Staatsanzeiger 23
Staatsexamen 36
Stadtschloss, Berlin 163
‘Staging Post 19’ 161
Stahlhelm Bund der Frontsoldaten 64–7, 74, 76, 89, 127
Stahlhelm, Der 65
Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich 162–4, 190, 195, 197, 211–12
‘Stand By Your Man’ 303
Star of David 78
Stasi 218–21, 225–6, 229–30, 245, 252, 272, 277, 279, 280–2, 284–5, 289, 308, 317
state subjects (Staatsangehörige) 98
Steek, Herr 89
‘steel helmet’ 64
Steinhauer, Ulrich 288–9
Stintzing, Wilhelm 210, 211
Stralsund Crossing 91
‘Strand’ 324–5
Sträter, Winfried 318, 349
Strauss, Johann 115
street fighting 29, 31, 64
Sturmabteilung (SA) 69, 74, 75, 76, 78, 83, 84, 87–8, 89, 127, 189
Stuttgart 29
‘Sugar Sugar’ 303
Summer, Donna 303
Sussmann, Bella see Jakobi, Bella
Sussmann, Harold 71, 73, 81–2, 94, 95, 96, 100, 104, 168
Sussmann, Peter 96, 100, 104
swastikas 76, 78, 127, 338
Swietokrzyski Forest 131
Switzerland 4, 38, 98, 100, 146, 149, 196
Sydney Morning Herald 191
synagogues 35, 52, 81, 128
T
Tagespiegel 194
Tagesschau 256
Tägliche Rundschau 191
Take It Easy (band) 291
Tank Regiment, 67th 130, 131, 156
Tanna 274
Tauffenbach, Carl 192–3, 195
Tauffenbach, Valerie 193, 195
Tauschke, Ingeborg 264
Tegel airport, Berlin 190
Telegraf 302
television 256, 287, 294–5, 317
Tempelhof airport, Berlin 90, 117, 190
tennis 46, 53, 93, 103, 142, 208, 234, 302, 307
Thälmann Pioneers 253–4, 253, 267, 291, 317
Thälmann, Ernst 65, 73, 74, 253, 267, 318
Thanksgiving festival (Erntedankfest) 19–21, 25, 31
Theresienstadt 110, 135
Third Central Horse Depot, Potsdam 25
Three Lime Trees Inn, Groß Glienicke 14, 20, 31, 66, 89, 102, 108, 132, 137, 138, 142, 152, 155, 225, 229, 252, 257, 264, 265, 278, 279, 283, 323
‘Three-Days-a-Year Jews’ 52
Times, The 191, 250, 259, 317
Tokyo Bay, Japan 165
Torah 81
Trabbi cars 268, 294, 335
trains 213–14, 233, 308
Treaty of Moscow (1970) 269
Treaty of Versailles (1919) 29, 68, 88, 91
Treaty of Warsaw (1970) 269
Tribüne 232
trigger wires 235, 255, 290, 306, 349
Troggs, The 303
Truman, Harry S. 162–4
Tudor 688 aircraft 186
Turkey 146
U
U2 spy planes 258
Ulbricht, Walter 192, 232
Ullstein papers 71
Ulrich Steinhauer Strasse, Groß Glienicke 289
United Kingdom 1, 4, 27, 71, 73, 81, 94, 95, 97, 100–1, 103, 104, 127, 135, 159, 233, 247, 256, 269, 270, 280, 312, 313
1939 declaration of war on Germany 131; 1940 air attack on Berlin 136; 1941 air attack on Berlin 136; 1943 Battle of Berlin (air) 144–5, 151; 1945 bombing raids on Berlin 154; capture of Cologne, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf 154; unconditional surrender of Germany 159; ‘Staging Post 19’ sets out for Berlin; takes Gatow airfield 161–2; Winston Churchill and Harry S. Truman tour Berlin 162–3; Potsdam Conference 163–5, 269; schloss at Groß Glienicke burns down 167; initialisation of denazification process in occupied Germany 170, 172, 173, 174, 175; 1948 initialisation of new denazification cases halted 176; denazification trial of Wilhelm Meisel 177–83; Will Meisel makes request to British Military Government for business license 188–9; Berlin Blockade begins 183, 184–7; 1949 Wilhelm Meisel’s request for business license rejected 189; end of Berlin Blockade 190; foundation of West Germany 191; 1963 defection of Brian Patchett to DDR 259–61; 1964 swapping of intelligence agents with Soviets at Berlin border crossing 258–9; 1965 Queen Elizabeth II makes state visit to West Germany 249–51; 1994 withdrawal from Gatow airfield 317; United Nations (UN) 269; United States 127, 136, 155, 159, 174, 176, 184, 189, 197, 233, 256, 258, 269; 1929 Wall Street Crash 68; 1943 term ‘denazification’ devised by military 171–2; 1945 capture of Cologne, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf 154; unconditional surrender of Germany 159; Winston Churchill and Harry S. Truman tour Berlin 162–3; Potsdam Conference 163–5, 269; nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 164; unconditional surrender of Japan 164–5; 1946 denazification trial of Wilhelm Furtwängler 177; 1948 Berlin Blockade begins 184; 1949 end of Berlin Blockade 190; foundation of West Germany 191; 1960 U2 incident 258–9; 1962 swapping of intelligence agents with Soviets at Berlin border crossing 258; 1963 John F. Kennedy makes state visit to West Germany 249
Universal Editio
n 128, 181–2
Universe, Earth and Man 211
Universitätsplatz, Heidelberg 80
Unter den Linden, Berlin 82, 84, 114, 163, 212, 250
Upper Silesia 29
Ursula (sister of Irene Kühne) 217, 269–70, 272
V
van der Lubbe, Marinus 75
Venice, Italy 82
Verdun, Battle of (1916) 25
Versailles, Treaty of (1919) 29, 68, 88, 91
Vienna, Austria 24, 128
Villa Wolfgang 242
vineyard 2, 18, 34
Vogel, Alex 178–83
volkisch organisations 68
Volkspolizei 193–6, 281, 284, 317
Volkssturm 145, 181
Vossische Zeitung 23, 57, 61
Vyshinsky, Andrey Yanuarevich 162
W
Wagner, Richard 115
‘Waiting for Tonight’ 324
Walch, Reinhold 150, 179–80
Waldau, Harry 115, 135, 179
Wall Street Crash (1929) 67–8
Wall, Martin 49
Wallburg, Otto 117
Wannsee 40, 41, 99, 99, 102, 134
Wannsee Conference (1942) 134–5
war crimes 159–60, 164, 166, 168, 172
War Office 260
Warsaw, Treaty of (1970) 269
Wartburg vans 227
Was bin ich ohne Dich 118
‘We Are the Champions’ 279
Weber, Alfred 72
Weekend-Haus 40, 54, 345
Wegener, Paul 56
Weidling, Helmuth 158–9
Weimar National Assembly 28
Weimar Republic 28–32, 58, 65, 68, 114, 191, 318
Weltall, Erde, Mensch (Universe, Earth and Man) 211
Wenn die Soldaten 117
Werthan, Alfred 109–10
Werthan, Else 109–10
Werwolf resistance movement 160
West Berlin council 170, 175, 188
West Germany 191, 198–9, 211, 213–14, 249–51, 258–9, 268–9, 270, 276, 279, 280, 287–90, 291, 301–4, 308–10, 349
1949 foundation of 191; mass migration from DDR begins 198; 1951 mass migration from DDR continues 198; 1952 DDR closes Berlin border 199; 1961 DDR begins construction of Berlin Wall 231–4; 1962 US and Soviets swap intelligence agents at Berlin border crossing 258; Wilhelm Meisel awarded Federal Cross of Merit 302; 1963 John F. Kennedy makes state visit 249; defection of Brian Patchett to DDR 259–61; 1964 UK and Soviets swap intelligence agents at Berlin border crossing 258–9; Wilhelm Meisel presented with Paul Lincke Ring 302; 1965 Queen Elizabeth II makes state visit 249–51; 1968 German Song Contest 303; 1969 Willy Brandt elected chancellor 269; 1970; Treaties of Moscow and Warsaw 269; 1972 Treaties of Moscow and Warsaw ratified 269; Basic Treaty 269; 1973 accepted as permanent member of UN 269; 1980 murder of Ulrich Steinhauer 288–9; 1988 men drive truck through barrier at Glienicke Bridge border crossing 289; 1989 East Germans seek asylum at Prague embassy 293; mass border crossing at Berlin Wall; demolition begins 294–7; new border crossing opens at Groß Glienicke 297–300, 298; 1990 reunification treaty 309
West Kensington, London 104
whitewash certificates (Persilschein) 179
Wilhelm I, German Emperor 15
Wilhelm II, German Emperor 16, 17, 22–3, 24, 27, 65, 76, 114
Wilhelm-Pieck-Straße, Groß Glienicke 264, 318
Wilhelm, German Crown Prince 41, 76
Wilmersdorf, Berlin 120, 164, 175
Wintergarten 320
Winterhilfswerk 75, 125
‘Wir sind Kameraden’ 136
Wißgott family 199, 266–7
Wittelsbacherstraße, Berlin 170, 175, 176
Wittstock 212
Wochenende exhibition 42
Wochenende West 49
Wolff-Eisner, Alfred 127–8, 135
von Wollank, Adolf Friedrich 17
von Wollank, Dorothea 26, 27, 40, 49, 60–1, 62, 63, 304
von Wollank, Else 63
von Wollank, Horst Otto Adolf 19, 25, 26, 30, 31, 62–3
von Wollank, Ilse Katharina see von Schultz, Ilse Katharina
von Wollank, Irmgard 19
von Wollank, Katharina 19, 26
von Wollank, Marie Luise see Byern, Marie Luise
von Wollank, Otto von 11–12, 12, 14–15, 16, 17–21, 22–32, 41, 49, 60–4, 167, 304, 357
1862 birth 17; 1881 enrolls in agricultural college 17; 1882 begins military service 17; 1890 purchases Groß Glienicke Estate 18; 1894 marries Katharina Anne Marie 19; 1913 petitions Wilhelm II for knighthood 22–3; 1914 outbreak of First World War; volunteers for Third Central Horse Depot 25; 1916 death of Katharina 19, 26; 1918 marries Dorothea Müller 26; 1919 informed knighthood has been abolished 29; 1920 marriage of Marie Luise 30; 1921 marriage of Horst 30; 1923 hyperinflation threatens to ruin estate 30; 1924 marriage of Ilse to Robert von Schultz 30–1; 1926 decides to lease out a portion of estate’s land 32; 1927 leases land to Alfred Alexander 41; 1929 death and funeral 60–2, 62
Woodhead, Leslie 259
World War I (1914–1918) 24–7, 31, 39, 65, 67, 78, 80, 81, 113, 117, 164
1914 assassination of Franz Ferdinand; outbreak of war 24; 1916 German military conducts count of Jews in ranks 67; Battle of Verdun 25; 1917 Third Battle of Ypres 113; 1918 armistice 27
World War II (1939–1945) 131–2, 134–46, 150–3, 154–60, 215, 217
1939 German invasion of Poland 131; Britain and France declare war on Germany 131; Soviet Union invades Poland 131; 1940 British air attack on Berlin 136; 1941 German invasion of Soviet Union 136; British air attack on Berlin 136; Japanese attack US at Pearl Harbor 136; 1942 Wannsee Conference 134–5; Bristol Blenheim bomber shot down over Groß Glienicke 137; 1943 Joseph Goebbels orders evacuation of Berlin’s non-essential population 141; SS deport Jewish factory workers in Berlin for extermination 109–10; Herbert Würzburg and Harry Waldau transported to Auschwitz 179; Edition Meisel storage facilities hit by Allied bomb in Berlin 144; Battle of Berlin (air) 144–5, 151; 1944 Berlin’s Metropol Theater hit by Allied bomb 145; formation of Volkssturm in Germany 145, 181; Allied bombing raids on Berlin 151–3; Soviet Union advances through Poland 153; 1945 Soviet encirclement of Berlin 154; US and Britain capture Cologne, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf 154; Allied bombing raids on Berlin 154–5; Soviet fighter jets attack Groß Glienicke 155; Battle of Berlin 156–9, 163; Soviet troops take Groß Glienicke; women raped 156–9; Adolf Hitler commits suicide 158; Helmuth Weidling surrenders Berlin to Vasily Chuikov 158–9; unconditional surrender of Germany to Allies 159; Soviets arrest suspected war criminals in Groß Glienicke 159–60; ‘Staging Post 19’ sets out for Berlin; takes Gatow airfield 161–2; Winston Churchill and Harry S. Truman tour Berlin 162–3; Potsdam Conference 163–5, 269; nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 164; unconditional surrender of Japan to Allies 164–5
Würzburg, Herbert 121, 179
Wynne, Greville 259
Y
Yad Vashem 109
Yamaha PV50 motorbikes 339
Yorkstraße, Berlin 43
Ypres, Battle of (1917) 113
Yugoslav People’s Army 335
Z
ZDF (Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen) 256
Zeiss, Rosemarie 260
Zschirp, Helmut 219–21
PICTURE SECTION
Otto von Wollank and staff in front of Schloss
(Groß Glienicke Chronik)
Lake house sketch and plans, 1927
(Alexander Family Archive)
Alexander family in Kaiserallee apartment (Back row: Ernest Picard, Bella, Alfred, Elsie. Middle row: Hanns, Elisabeth Picard, Lucien Picard, Amalie Picard, Henny. Front: Paul).
(Alexander Family Archive)
Groß Glienicke living room by Lotte Jacobi, 1928
(Alexander Family Archive)
Lucien Picard at the lake house by Lotte Jacobi, 1928
(Alexander Family Archive)
Robert von Schultz during inspection of Stahlhelm t
roops, 1933
(Bundesarchiv Berlin)
Meisel family at lake house, 1940s
(Edition Meisel GmbH)
Gestapo letter seizing property at Glienicke, 1939
(Potsdam Landesarchiv)
Will Meisel’s letter to Hans Hinkel asking to purchase Jewish properties, 1938
(Bundesarchiv Berlin)
‘Volkspolizei are victims of Glienicke murders’, Sozialdemokrat, 18 October 1949
(Zeitungsabteilung der Staatsbibliothek)
View across Wall from northern tip of Groß Glienicke Lake
(Der Bundesbeauftragte für die Unterlag des Staatssicherheitsdienstes)
Wolfgang Kühne commitment page in Stasi file, 1958
(Der Bundesbeauftragte für die Unterlag des Staatssicherheitsdienstes)
Bernd Kühne DDR passbook
(Bernd Kühne)
West Berliners at Groß Glienicke Lake with Wall in background and lake house hidden by trees
(Heinrich von der Becke)
Bernd Kühne’s son jumps in lake, 1990
(Bernd Kühne)
Clean-up Day, 2014
(Sam Cackler Harding)
City of Potsdam handing over key to author, April 2015
(Friederike Gröning)
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Epub ISBN: 9781473506558
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Copyright © Thomas Harding 2015
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‘Berlin is still Berlin’. Music: Will Meisel. Lyrics: Bruno Balz © 1949 by Edition Meisel GmbH