by Barry Rubin
28. See chapter 6.
29. Bove and Dufour, World Is Not for Sale, 55•
30. Mamere and Warin, Non Merci, Oncle Sam!, 9.
31. Ibid., 9-io.
32. The 1871 Franco-Prussian War plus World War I and II.
33. Mamere and Warin, Non Merci, Oncle Sam!, 15.
34. Ibid., 14.
35. Ibid., n.
36. Riotta, "Transatlantic Chill?" B5.
37. Friedman, "Ah, Those Principled Europeans," http://www.cubaliberal.org/ archivo-03-01/03-02-02-a.htm.
38. See chapter 3.
39• Islam, "When Two Tribes Go to War," http://observer.guardian.co.uk/bush/ story/o,8224,982331,00.html/.
40. Lacorne, "Barbaric Americans," 54.
41. Ibid.
42. Riotta, "Transatlantic Chill?" B5.
43. U.S. Information Agency Office of Research, July 6, 1990.
44. USIA Opinion Research Memorandum, January 27, 1994.
45. USIA Briefing Paper, February 13, 1998.
46. ROMIR, "Western Attitudes Toward Russia as Perceived by Russians," November 13-14, 1999, cited in Shiraev and Zubok, Anti-Americanism in Russia: From Stalin to Putin, 71.
47. Office of Research, Department of State, "Russians Still Struggling with Loss of Superpower Status and U.S. Global Dominance," July 15, 2002.
48. Chugayev, "War in Iraq Destroys Myths About America," http://www.cdi .org/russia/250-3-cfm.
49. Center for Defense Information, "Poll Shows Saddam More Popular Than Bush Among Russians," http://www.cdi.org/russia/251-2.cfm.
50. Nikolayev, "Basic Lessons of the Iraqi War," http://www.cdi.org/russia/ 254-10.cfm.
51. Grishina, "Anti-Americanism Winning over Russia's Elite," http://www .therussiajournal.com/index.htm?obj =3969.
52. See chapter 3. A work that deals with this revival is James P. Scanlan, ed., Russian Thought after Communism: The Recovery of a Philosophical Heritage (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1994).
53• Shiraev and Zubok, Anti-Americanism in Russia, 66-69, 72.
54• Nikos Dimou in Ethnos, November 14, 1999, and Nikos Vardiambasis in Eleftherotypia, November 13, 1999, cited in Dimitras, "Greeks' Persistent AntiAmericanism," http://www.aimpress.org/dyn/trae/archive/data/199912/91205 -o17-trae-ath.htm.
55• Michas, "America the Despised," http://www.nationalinterest.org/issues/67/ Michas.html, 94-102.
56. Cornwell, "By George!," http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/story .jsp?story=463147.
57. Revel, L'Obsession anti-Americaine, 63-64.
58. Kettle, "U.S. Bashing: It's All the Rage in Europe," http://www .washingtonpost.com/ac2/wpdyn?pagename =article &node= &contenttd= A26468-2ooiJan6¬Found=true.
59. PEW Global Attitudes Project, "America Admired, Yet Its New Vulnerability Seen As Good Thing, Say Opinion Leaders," http://people-press.org/ reports/ display.php3?ReportID=145.
60. Revel, L'Obsession anti-Americaine, 130.
61. Ibid., 131-132.
62. Colombiani, "We Are All Americans," http://www.worldpress.org/lioiwe_are allamericans.htm.
63. Quoted in Ajami, "Falseness of Anti-Americanism," http://www .foreignpolicy.com/users/login.php?story-id=166&URL=http://www .foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story-id=166.
64. See Giovanna Borradori, Philosophy in a Time of Terror: Dialogues with Jurgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida (Chicago, 2003).
65. Reuters, July 23, 2003.
66. Hale, "Global Warmth for U.S. after 9hi Turns to Frost," http://www .usatoday.com/news/nation/2002-o8-14-ia-cover_x.htm.
67. Theil, "Great 9hi Conspiracy," http://bulletin.ninemsn.com.au/bulletin/ eddesk.nsf/All/70009CoFE6AD4F42CA256DA200146E47!open.
68. Rosenfeld, "Anti-Americanism and Anti-Semitism: A New Frontier of Bigotry," http://www.ajc.org/InTheMedia/Publications.asp?did=902, 4.
69. Clinton, "Chelsea Clinton Speaks Out for the First Time in a Personal Account of the September n Tragedy and Its Aftermath," http://www .digitalfreeway.com/talkmedia/december200l/Chelsea_excl.html.
70. Beard, "ii September," http://www.Irb.co.uk/v23/ni9/multoi_.html.
71. Kaletsky, "Arrogance and Fear: An American Paradox," http://www.casi.org .uk/discuss/2002/msgoo2o8.html.
72. Kaldor, "Beyond Militarism, Arms Races and Arms Control," http://www .ssrc.org/septil/essays/kaldor.htm.
73. Meacher, "This War on Terrorism Is Bogus," http://www.guardian.co.uk/ co nun en t/ story/ 0,3 604,103 6571,00.h tml.
74. Raven, "Bully with a Bloody Nose Is Still a Bully," http://www.guardian.co .uk/Columnists/Column/o,5673,553672,oo.html.
75. Ibid.
76. Maxwell, "Anti-Americanism in Brazil," http://www.cfr.org/pdf/ correspondence/xMaxwell.php.
77. Alberts, "PM Links Attacks to `Arrogant West,' " http://www.freerepublic .com/focus/f-news/749357/posts.
78. Revel, L'Obsession Anti-Americaine, 162-163.
79. Ganley, "Journalist Lambasts French War Coverage," Associated Press, December 30, 2003.
8o. Finn, "U.S.-Style Campaign with Anti-U.S. Theme," http://www.newsmine .org/archive/dissent/ foreign/ germany/german-anti- us-campaign. txt.
8i. Rosenfeld, "Anti-Americanism and Anti-Semitism: A New Frontier of Bigotry," http://www.ajc.org/InTheMedia/Publications.asp?did=902, 4.
82. Ali, "Re-Colonizing Iraq," http://www.newleftreview.net/NLR25501.shtml.
83. Ibid.
84. Ali, "Interview," http://www.progressive.org/ogoi/intvo1o2.html.
85. Monbiot, "Logic of Empire," http://www.guardian.co.uk/bush/story/ 0,7369,769755,oo.html.
86. Ibid.
87. Le MondelTFI poll, April 1, 2003.
88. Hale, "Global Warmth for U.S. after 9/11 Turns to Frost," http://www .usatoday.com/news/nation/2002-o8-14-ia-cover_x.htm.
89. Pinter, "God Bless America," http://globalresearch.ca/articles/PIN3oiA.html.
9o. Eugenio Scalfari, La Repubblica, August 24, 2003.
91. Barbara Spinelli, La Stampa, August 24, 2003.
92. Le Carre, "United States of America Has Gone Mad," http://www .commondreams.org/views03/0115-oi.htm.
93• Applebaum, "America, the Gulag," http://www.washingtonpost.com/ace/wp -dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A4223o-2003Jumo¬Found =true.
94• Summerfield, "Canadians Love Americans, Dislike Their Government"; "Canadians Approve of the US, Disapprove of President George W. Bush," Environics Research Group/Focus, July n, 2003, http://erg.environics.net/ news/default.asp?aID=524.
95• Drabble, "I Loathe America, and What It Has Done to the Rest of the World," http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/ 2003/05/o8/doo8oi.xml.
96. Quick quote, February io, 2003; all other quotes, Australian parliamentary debates transcript, March 19, 2003.
97. Fallaci, The Rage and the Pride, 67, 149-151.
98. Esler, "The Danger of This Infantile Anti-Americanism," http://argument .independent.co.uk/commentators/story.jsp?story=4o6294•
99. "Anti-Americanism in Old Europe: A Dialogue with Bernard-Henri Levy," http: //www. digitalnpq.org/global_services/global%2oviewpoint/ 02-o4-o3levy .html. Revel's book was on the best-seller list. There was also BernardHenri Levy's Who Killed Daniel Pearl? and two books by Andre Glucksmann, Dostoyevsky in Manhattan and West vs. West.
Chapter 9
i. Hollander, Anti-Americanism, 336.
2. Moynihan, Dangerous Place, 76.
3. PEW Global Attitudes Project, "A Year after the Iraq War," 20, http://www .pewtrusts.com/pdf/pew-global-attitudes-Year-war-031604.pdf.
4. This is equally true of what might be called pro-Americanism. Similarly, it would be possible to write a book like this one on the influence and inspiration of the United States-but not of these other countries-in creating pro-American forces that tried to copy its methods and institutions elsewhere, not only in the Third World but also throughout Europe.
5. Qutb, Ma'alim fi al-Tariq, http://www.masmn.org/Books/Syed_Qutb/ Milestones/ooi.htm.
6. Quoted in Paz, "Islamists and
Anti-Americanism," http://meria.idc.ac.il/ journal/2003/issue4/jv7n4a5.html.
7. Steyn, "It's `Peace' Psychosis in a Nut's Hell," http://opinion.telegraph.co . uk/opinion/m ain. jh tml? xml = /opinion/ 2003/11/18/ do i 80 2. xml.
8. Ajami, "Falseness of Anti-Americanism," http://www.foreignpolicy.com/ users/login.php?story_id=i66&URL=http: //www.foreignpolicy.com/story/ cros. php? s tory_id = i 6 6.
9. McPherson, "Latin American Anti-Americanism and U.S. Responses: Venezuela 1958," www.driskellcenter.umd.edu/programs/2002-2003/conf/washla/ papers/McPherson.pdf.
in. Dopfner, "Bush ist dumm and bose," http://www.welt.de/data/2004/04/21/ 267596.html.
n. Aaronovitch, "Lost from the Baghdad Museum: Truth," http://www .guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/o%2C2763%2C974193%2Coo.html.
12. Wasserstein, "Anti-Semitism and Anti-Americanism," http://chronicle.com/ free/v48/i05/05b00502.htm.
13. Safire, "German Problem," http://de.indymedia.org/2002/09/30138.shtml.
14. Halevi, "Twin Hatreds: Anti-Americanism and Anti-Semitism," GLORIA Center Conference on Anti-Americanism, September 17, 2003.
15. Harris, "Intellectual Origins of America-Bashing," http://www.policyreview .org/deC02/harris.html.
i6. By way of comparison, Marx traced the origins of his ideology to the trio of German philosophy, French utopianism, and British political economy.
17. For a good discussion of this issue that shows the limits of antiAmericanism in Germany, see Richard Bernstein, "German Question," New York Times Magazine, May 2, 2004.
18. Lacorne, "Barbaric Americans," 55.
i9. Johnson, "Anti-Americanism Is Racist Envy," http://www.forbes.com/ columnists/glob al/2003/ 0721/o17.htm1.
20. Frankel, "Sneers From Across the Atlantic: Anti-Americanism Moves to W. Europe's Political Mainstream," Ai.
21. Frum, "America in the Dock," Daily Telegraph, October 21, 2002, http:// news.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml =/opinion/2002/io/2i/do2lOl .xiiil&sSheet=/opinion/2002/10/21/ixopinion.html.
22. Revel, Neither Marx nor Jesus, 139.
23. Haseler, Varieties of Anti-Americanism, 42-45.
24. Koestler, Lotus and Robot, 277.
25. Jack, "This Land Is Their Land," http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/ o,12o84,9o895o,oo.html.
26. Kuisel, Seducing the French, 114.
27. There is a valid reason for portraying criticism from foreigners as antiAmericanism while that same sentiment coming from Americans-and quoted abroad-is not so classified. There is a natural dichotomy in any in group/out-group relationship in which self-criticism, even when apparently vitriolic, is based on a certain context and set of assumptions that makes it objectively less sweeping and hostile.
28. An increasingly multicultural Europe also has such features, yet that is precisely the point: why do a relatively small number of American restaurants pose a threat when many more "foreign" eateries do not?
29. Ramonet, "Other Axis of Evil," http://mondediplo.com/2002/o3/oiaxis.
30. Kagan, "Power and Weakness," http://www.policyreview.org/JUN02/kagan .html.
31. Ibid.
32. Frachon, "America Unloved," http://www.worldpress.org/europe/ o2o2lemonde_eye.htm.
33• Worldnet Daily.com, "Mystery Superflu: China Blames U.S. for SARS," May 9, 2003, http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID= 32493.
34• Associated Press, "Thousands Push Polio Vaccine in Africa," February 22, 2004.
35. Moynihan, Dangerous Place, 32.
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