Six Women of Salem

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Six Women of Salem Page 50

by Marilynne K. Roach


  Records of the Court of Assistants of Massachusetts Bay 1630–1692. 3 vols. Vols. 1 & 2 edited by John Noble; vol. 3 edited by John F. Cronin. Boston: County of Suffolk, 1901, 1904, 1928.

  Richter, Paula, and Catherine Peabody. Painted with Thread: The Art of American Embroidery. Salem, MA: Peabody Essex Museum, 2001.

  Roach, Marilynne K. “Biographical Notes.” In Rosenthal, Records of the Salem Witch-Hunt, 925–964.

  ———. “The Corpse in the Cellar.” New England Ancestors 8, no. 4 (Fall 2007): 42–43.

  ———. Gallows and Graves: The Search to Locate the Death and Burial Sites of the People Executed for Witchcraft in 1692. Watertown, MA: Sassafras Grove Press, 1997.

  ———. “Records of the Rev. Samuel Parris, Salem Village, Massachusetts, 1688–1696.” New England Historical and Genealogical Register 157 (2003): 6–30.

  ———. The Salem Witch Trials: A Day-by-Day Chronicle of a Community under Siege. New York: Cooper Square Press, 2002.

  ———. “‘That Child Betty Parris’: Elizabeth (Parris) Barron and the People in Her Life.” EIHC 124 (1988): 1–27.

  Rosenthal, Bernard, ed. Records of the Salem Witch-Hunt. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

  ———. Salem Story: Reading the Witch Trials of 1692. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1993.

  Salem. Vital Records of Salem, Massachusetts to the End of the Year 1849. 6 vols. Salem, MA: Essex Institute, 1916–1925.

  Salem, Church of. The Records of the First Church in Salem, Massachusetts, 1629–1736. Edited by Richard D. Pierce. Salem, MA: Essex Institute, 1974.

  Salem, Town of. Town Records of Salem. 3 vols. Salem, MA: The Essex Institute, 1868, 1913, 1939, 1954.

  Salem Village. “A Book of Record of the Severall Publique Transa[c]tions of the Inhabitants of Sale[m] Village Vulgarly Called the Farm[s].” Historical Collections of the Danvers Historical Society 13 (1925): 91–122; 14 (1926): 65–99; 16 (1918): 60–80.

  Savage, James. A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England. 4 vols. Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1965 [reprint].

  Schutz, John A. Legislators of the Massachusetts General Court 1691–1780: A Biographical Dictionary. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1997.

  “Seizing Corpses for Debt.” In Notes and Queries: A Medium of Inter-Communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries . . .” September 12, 1874.

  Sewall, Samuel. The Diary of Samuel Sewall 1674–1729. Edited by Halsey Thomas. 2 vols. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1973.

  Sibley, John Langdon. Biographical Sketches of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Cambridge, MA: Charles William Sever, 1873; New York: Johnson Reprint Corporation, 1967.

  Stevens, Robert Croll. Ancestry of Robert Croll Stevens and Jane Eleanor (Knauss) Stevens. Pittford, NY: self-published, 1982.

  Suffolk Deeds, vol. 12. Boston: City of Boston, 1900.

  Swan, Marshall W. S. “The Bedevilment of Cape Ann.” EIHC 117 (1981): 153–177.

  Tapley, Charles Sutherland. Rebecca Nurse: Saint but Witch Victim. Boston: Marshall Jones Company, 1930; Danvers, MA: Danvers Light Alarm Company, 1979 [facsimile reprint].

  “Textiles.” British History Online, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx ?compid=58836.

  Thomas, Keith. Religion and the Decline of Magic. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1971.

  Thompson, Neil D. “Hannah Fisher, First Wife of the Rev. George2 Burroughs, Executed for Witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts, 1692.” TAG 115 (2001): 17–19.

  Thompson, Roger. Mobility and Migration: East Anglican Founders of New England, 1629–1640. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1994.

  ———. Sex in Middlesex: Popular Mores in a Massachusetts County, 1649–1699. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1986.

  Trask, Richard. “The Devil Amongst Us”: A History of the Salem Village Parsonage. Danvers, MA: Danvers Historical Society, 1971.

  ———. “The Devil Hath Been Raised”: A Documentary History of the Salem Village Witchcraft Outbreak of March, 1692. Danvers, MA: Yeoman Press, 1997; West Kennebunk, ME: Phoenix Publishing, the Danvers Historical Society, 1992 [rev. and enlarged edition].

  ———. “Legal Procedures Used during the Salem Witch Trials and a Brief History of the Published Versions of the Records.” In Rosenthal, Records of the Salem Witch-Hunt, 44–63.

  Trautman, Patricia. “Dress in Seventeenth-Century Cambridge, Massachusetts: An Inventory-Based Reconstruction.” In Early American Probate Inventories, edited by Peter Benes. The Dublin Seminar for New England Folklife, Annual Proceedings, 1987. Boston: Boston University Press, 1989.

  Tucker, Veta Smith. “Purloined Identity.” Journal of Black Studies 30, no. 4 (March 2000): 624–634.

  Tully, John. An Almanac for the Year of Our Lord MDCXCII. Cambridge, MA: Samuel Phelps, 1692. Evans microtext 630, accessed from http://infoweb.newsbank.com.

  Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher. Goodwives: Image and Reality in the Lives of Woman in Northern New England 1650–1750. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982; New York: Oxford University Press, 1980, 1982 [paperback ed.].

  Upham, Charles W. Salem Witchcraft with an Account of Salem Village and a History of Opinions on Witchcraft and Kindred Subjects. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2000 [one-volume edition; originally two volumes published in 1867].

  Upham, W[illia]m P. “Account of the Rebecca Nurse Monument.” EIHC 23 (1886): 151–160, 201–229.

  ———. House of John Procter, Witchcraft Martyr, 1692. Peabody, MA: Press of C. H. Shepard, 1904.

  Weigle, Luther A., ed. The New Testament Octapla: Eight English Versions of the New Testament in the Tyndale-King James Tradition. New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1962[?].

  “Where I Live, Norfolk: Point 4–Row 114.” http://www.bbc.co.uk/norfolk/content/ articles/2005/07/05/coastwalk05_stage4.shtml.

  Willard, Samuel [P. E. and J. A.]. Some Miscellany Observations on Our Present Debates Respecting Witchcrafts, in a Dialogue Between S. & B. Philadelphia, PA: William Bradford, 1692. Evans microtext #631, accessed from http://infoweb. newsbank.com.

  “William Towne Estate.” http://wwwessexcountyma.org/wills/townew.htm, and Essex, Probate, 2:358.

  INDEX

  Abbott, Arthur, 212, 218, 294–295

  Abbott, Nehemiah, 165, 169, 170, 172, 173, 205

  Accused persons

  Andover and, 274–275, 281–287, 299, 316–317, 335, 336, 342

  confronting accusers/results, 120–121, 141–142, 173, 199, 210, 211, 213–216

  person threatening lawsuit, 334

  petitions for, 218–219, 239, 254–255, 260, 269, 271, 272, 276, 285–286, 287–288, 294, 298, 323, 325–326, 336, 338, 346–347, 352–353

  See also specific individuals

  Accusers

  family enemies and, 128–129

  names suggested and, 104, 145–146

  See also Afflicted persons; specific individuals

  Afflicted persons

  admitting false specters, 346

  after witch trials, 396–397

  causes and, 92, 123–124

  convulsions as contagious, 123–124

  people doubting/wanting punishment for, 180, 322–323, 334, 345, 346, 353–354, 396

  remaining healthy, 236, 249

  sticking self with pins (example), 260, 261–262

  “threats” spreading across Village (1692), 127

  See also specific individuals

  Alden, John, 212, 213–216, 310, 311, 326, 349–350, 362, 363

  Andrews, Daniel, 15, 130, 199, 200, 203, 207, 219, 239, 269, 387

  Andros, Sir Edmund, 14, 32, 39, 59, 60, 70, 71, 114, 174, 183, 213, 312, 333

  Arnold, John/Mary, 67, 119, 175, 221, 288, 323, 355, 363, 393

  Attainders reversal, 374, 375–377, 395–396

  Bailey, James/Mary, 46–48, 49–50, 51–52, 53, 56, 57, 59, 60, 165

  Bellingham, Richard, 9

  Bibber, Sarah, 127
, 153, 154, 180, 184, 213, 240, 241, 242, 250, 254, 257, 260, 261–262, 267, 318–319

  Bishop, Bridget

  church, 89, 90

  descendants, 379–380

  husbands/children, 15–18, 20, 23–24, 34, 378

  other names, 378

  overview life/times (before 1692), 15–27

  sentence/standing in market, 15–16

  Shattucks and, 21–22, 23, 99

  Bishop, Bridget/“witchcraft”

  accusations/accusers (before 1692), 15, 17, 18, 19–20, 21–27

  accusations, arrest, questioning, 156–157, 159–161

  family after death, 312–314

  hanging, 247–252

  trials/verdict, 227–237

  Bishop, Edward/Sarah and unlicensed tavern, 169, 335, 343, 380

  Bradbury, Mary

  accusations/sentence, 50–51, 211, 244, 253, 267, 269, 274, 287–288, 298, 323, 325, 335

  background, 45–46, 50–51, 60

  Bradbury, Mary (continued)

  escape, 326, 328, 330

  Bradburys and Carr family, 45, 46, 50, 60

  Brattle, Thomas, 231, 236, 308, 335, 336–337

  Breslaw, Elaine G., 66, 67, 68

  Burroughs, George

  accusations against, 164–165, 169–170, 174, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182–184, 185, 187, 190, 198, 199, 200–201, 207–208, 305–306

  background, 34, 52–53, 56–57, 69, 81

  exoneration, 375, 377

  trial/hanging, 225, 252, 285, 295–297, 305–306, 307, 308

  Calef, Robert, 67, 104, 117, 234–235, 256, 257–258, 308, 329, 393–394

  Calvinism, 53

  Candy (accused slave), 68, 267–268, 289, 342

  Carr, Ann. See Putnam, Ann

  Carr, Elizabeth

  daughter going to relatives, 44

  death, 61

  marriage/children, 42, 44–45

  Carr family

  Bradburys and, 45, 46, 50, 60

  See also specific individuals

  Carr, George, 42, 43, 68

  drowning near Carr Island and, 44

  Indian named James and, 68

  Carr, James, 45–46, 60

  Carrier, Martha/family, 212, 215, 253, 267, 275, 283, 284–285, 286–287, 299, 306, 335, 377

  Cary, Elizabeth/Nathaniel, 210, 211, 225, 289, 310–311, 334

  Cases of Conscience (Increase Mather), 334, 370

  Charles, King of England, 7

  Charters

  England (1684) and, 14

  Massachusetts, 14, 114, 312

  Childbirth

  preparations/procedures, 100, 340–341

  risks, 100

  Churchill, Sarah, 186–187, 188, 202, 207, 240, 266, 293, 315, 319, 324, 337

  Clinical hysteria (conversion disorder), 95–96

  Cloyce, Sarah

  family, 355, 360, 369, 373

  suspicions, arrest, jail, 143, 146–147, 151–152, 153, 154, 155–156, 165, 171, 175, 176, 218, 341, 363

  testimonies for, 355, 363

  trial, 298, 323, 341, 355–356

  Clungen, Thomas/Elizabeth and child, 11–12

  Confessing to witchcraft

  confession withdrawal and, 177–178, 187

  “repentant” witches, 93, 119, 186–187, 189, 222, 234, 262, 336, 364, 392

  summary, 225

  See also specific individuals

  Confiscating property

  Corey, Giles, 327–328

  English, Mary/Philip, 312, 333, 350, 362, 381–383, 385

  of felons, 303, 304

  fugitives and, 335, 343

  Procters, Elizabeth/John, 302–304, 350

  Sheriff Corwin and, 335, 362, 381, 382, 383, 385, 386

  sword example, 214–215

  Corey, Giles

  accusations, 119, 155, 156, 157, 163–164, 167, 174, 193, 227, 230, 323–324, 326–327, 330

  death by pressing, 323–324, 326–327, 330

  exoneration/church membership restoration, 377

  Corey, Martha

  accusations against, 119, 120–122, 123, 126, 127, 128–129, 152, 158, 174, 189

  arrest, jail, questioning, 128–129, 153, 155

  excommunication/hanging, 328, 329, 330

  Corwin, George

  background, 212, 213, 245, 251, 273–274

  confiscations and, 335, 362, 381, 382, 383, 385, 386

  Corwin, Jonathan

  accusations/questioning and, 114, 115, 117, 127, 129, 134, 139, 159, 165, 173, 175, 177, 180, 183, 187, 188, 189–190, 201, 202, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214–215

  trials and, 221, 225, 230, 241, 242, 243, 244, 248, 271, 273, 274, 281

  Court of Oyer and Terminer, 211, 212, 228, 231, 241, 249, 253, 255, 270, 271, 273, 286, 309, 322, 336, 339, 341–342, 343, 349, 350, 372, 374, 376, 379, 381

  Cunning folk, 71, 79, 93, 94–95

  Devil’s book/signing, 105, 116, 118, 122, 123, 129–130, 131–132, 150, 153, 154, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 168, 173, 178, 181, 184, 186, 187, 189, 207, 209, 210, 218, 316, 354

  Dounton, William, 115, 139, 393, 394

  England (seventeenth century)

  charters and, 14

  economy/famines, 5, 6

  London’s Great Fire (1666), 10

  plagues, 5, 10

  religion, 5–7

  English, Mary

  childhood, 27–29, 30

  marriage/children, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37–38

  overview life/times (before 1692), 27–40

  parents/grandparents, 29–30

  Salem Church, 34–35, 89, 90

  sampler, 27–29, 385, 386

  English, Mary/Philip

  confiscated property, 312, 333, 350, 362, 381–383, 385

  escape/in New York, 308–310, 311–312, 332–333

  house, 36

  English, Mary/“witchcraft”

  accusations, arrest, questioning, 168–170, 172

  documents in defense, 223–224

  in jail, 221, 224, 288, 299–301

  English, Philip

  arrest/in jail, 217, 224, 288, 300

  background, 32, 33, 35, 36–37, 98, 119, 174

  fleeing town/arrest, 175, 177, 179, 180

  marriage/children and, 37–38

  return to Salem/death, 381–384

  wife’s arrest and, 168–169, 172, 175

  Equiano, Olaudah, 63, 64

  Escapes/fugitives

  Bradbury, Mary, 326, 328, 330

  Cary, Elizabeth/Nathaniel, 289, 310–311

  English, Mary/Philip, 308–310, 311–312, 335

  English, Philip, 175, 177, 179, 180

  examples (May 1692), 199–200

  fines and, 335

  helping with, 310–311, 363

  Willard, John, 187–188, 200

  Esty, Mary

  accusations, 165, 169, 171, 172, 175, 177, 206–207, 208, 209–210, 218, 220

  family after her death, 374, 375, 377

  testimonies for, 355, 363

  trial/hanging, 221, 223, 293, 298, 318, 323, 325, 328, 329, 335–336

  Evidence. See Afflicted persons; Folk magic

  Executions

  before 1692, 9, 14, 60, 70, 213

  Corey, Giles, death by pressing, 324, 326, 327, 330

  Glover, Goody, and (before 1692), 14, 60, 70, 183, 213

  hanging June (1692), 247–252

  hangings August (1692), 305, 306–308

  hangings July (1692), 277–280

  hangings September (1692), 328–330, 333

  Hibbins, Ann (1656), 9

  Jones, Margaret (1648), 9

  Parsons, Mary (1651), 9

  Exoneration, 373–374, 375–377, 395

  Exoneration, attainders reversal, 374, 375–377, 395–396

  Fast days, 338–339, 348–349, 372, 389

  Folk magic

  anti-witch cake, 102–103, 104, 140, 144, 338

  fortune-telling, 93–94, 95–96, 180, 316, 329, 335, 338

  fortune-telling/juggling law (1692)
, 338

  poppets, 23, 189, 191, 231, 235, 244, 268, 324

  role, 92–93

  Venus Glass fortune-telling, 93–94, 335

  white witchcraft, 71, 338

  Fortune-telling, 93–94, 95–96, 180, 316, 329, 335, 338

  French people

  frontier raids (French/Indian forces), 14, 39–40, 60, 72, 74, 81, 83, 96–97, 100, 252, 387

  Jersey immigrants, 32, 35, 38, 72

  Massachusetts restraints on, 40, 98

  See also specific individuals

  Fugitives. See Escapes/fugitives

  Gedney, Bartholomew, 59, 82, 213, 216–217, 231, 241, 242, 243, 244, 268, 274, 281, 379, 388–389, 395

  Gilbert, Thomas, 10–11

  Glorious Revolution, England, 14, 39

  Glover, Goody (“witchcraft” before 1692), 14, 60, 70, 183, 213

  Good, Dorothy (child), 134, 139–140, 155, 175, 222, 263

  Good, Sarah

  accusations against, 105, 106, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 146–147, 167, 169–170

  arrest, questioning, trial, 108–109, 114, 222, 253–255, 262, 263

  husband/children, 99, 100, 101, 114

  jail, 115, 118, 119, 175

  sentence/hanging, 273–274, 277–278, 279

  Goodall, Jacob, 12, 326–327

  Great Yarmouth, 3–5, 7

  Green, Joseph, Reverend, 373, 374, 390, 391–392

  Griggs, William, 101–102, 103, 105, 127, 154, 258

  Hale, John, Reverend

  background, 72, 80

  Tituba and, 67, 68–69, 70, 72, 80, 104, 115, 117

  “witchcraft” and, 93, 94, 103, 104, 115, 117, 135, 189, 250, 251, 346

  Hansen, Chadwick, 93, 95, 124

  Hathorne, John

  accusations/questioning and, 114, 117, 127, 129, 134, 135, 136, 139, 157, 159, 160, 161, 165, 173, 175, 177, 180, 183, 187, 188, 190, 193, 194, 201, 202, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214–215

  trials and, 221, 225, 229, 230, 239, 241–242, 243, 244, 248, 268, 271, 273, 274, 281, 282, 385

  Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 37, 385–386

  Henry VIII, King of England, 6

  Higginson, John, Reverend, 50, 59, 80, 81, 89, 90, 119, 139, 189, 243, 274–275

  Hoar, Dorcas, 94, 175, 180, 318, 328, 356, 377

  Hobbs, Abigail/family

  accusations/confessions and, 156, 157, 158, 164–165, 169, 170, 171, 177, 178, 179, 185, 186, 188, 193–194, 225, 226, 234, 237, 255, 337–338, 356, 377

  in jail, 270, 297, 315

  Hoffer, Peter Charles, 68, 394

  Hollingworth, Eleanor

 

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