by Steve Coll
premerger holdings of, 65
proposed BP merger with, 58–59
see also ExxonMobil
Mobil Oil Indonesia, 99
Mobil Police, 465–66
Monks, Robert, 40–41
Moore’s Law, 441
Morel, Brian, 600
Morgan, Robert, 565
Morse, Edward L., 60
Mossad, 516–17
Moto, Severo, 282, 285, 286, 289
Mouawad, Jad, 501
Mugabe, Robert, 361
Mulva, James J., 50
Murphy, Kevin, 405
Naimi, Ali Al-, xv, 203, 208–9
National Academy of Sciences, 78, 79, 84, 444
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (N.A.S.A.), 78, 80
National Economics Council, 239, 303
National Energy Program, 238
National Environmental Trust, 85
National Human Rights Commission, Indonesian, 103, 104
National Intelligence Council, 162, 174
National Marine Fisheries Service, 123
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (N.O.A.A.), 122–25, 129–32, 321
National Petroleum Council, 200
National Research Council, 78
National Security Council, 72, 113, 146, 147, 160, 231, 237–39, 267, 295, 303, 305, 438, 511, 515, 543
National Security Presidential Directive 50, 468
National Transportation Safety Board, 7
natural gas, 161, 443
advantages of, 196–97
“associated,” 207
domestic boom in, 577–78, 583, 590
ExxonMobil’s shift to, 195–96, 582–83, 586–87, 589–90
flaring practice and, 580
hydraulic fracturing technique for, 580, 584
liquefied, 197, 580–81, 586
Mobil and, 197–98
Nigeria’s reserves of, 453
predicted shortfall of, 582, 585–86
Qatar’s deposits of, 195–96
Russian reserves of, 251, 252–53
technological innovation and, 583–84, 585
unconventional (shale), 577, 580, 581, 582, 583–87, 590
U.S. market and, 200–201
U.S. reserves of, 581, 583, 585
see also alternate energy
Natural Resources Defense Council, 484, 539, 552, 606
Nature Conservancy, 606
Nauman, Scott, 304
Navy, U.S., 243–45, 247, 468, 514, 516
Nelson, Dan, 301–4, 323, 338, 340–42, 343, 438, 443–44, 445, 488–89, 506, 507, 538, 548
Nelson, George, 8
Nelson, Ralph Daniel, xiii, 205–6, 207
neoconservatives, 147, 302
Netherlands, 94, 166, 253, 455
New Field Development, 158
Newman, Connie, 469
New York Stock Exchange, 272
New York Times, 95, 344, 501
Nickles, Don, 73
Niger Delta Development Commission, 454–55
Nigeria, 59, 95, 106, 111, 139, 141, 149, 150, 155, 159, 222, 282, 293, 303, 342, 419, 440, 450, 451–77, 496–97, 504, 516, 528, 580, 608, 614, 622
barge kidnapping incident in, 457–59
bunkering racket in, 463
Bush (G. W.) administration and, 468–69
corruption and violence in, 453–55, 461, 463–64, 476–77, 528–29
Eket kidnapping in, 452–54, 459–61, 464, 529
ExxonMobil operations in, 452–55, 464–65, 467, 596
insurgency groups in, 455–58, 463
Mobil operations in, 465–67
natural gas reserves of, 453
navy of, 471–72, 473, 475, 476
piracy and kidnapping in, 469–70, 473, 475–77
resource curse and, 461
U.S. and oil security in, 469–75
Nigerian Ijaw Martyrs, 456
Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (N.N.P.C.), 453–54
Nixon, Richard, 90, 437, 605
Norland, Donald, 168
North American Free Trade Agreement, 546
Northup, Anne, 496
Norway, 66, 523
Noto, Lou, 58–59, 60, 61, 64–66, 95–96, 104, 198, 202–3
Nouri, Mahamat, 357
Nowak, Manfred, 512
Nudelman, Janet, 491
Nugua, Francisco, 515
Obama, Barack, xiv, 497, 505–6, 507, 508, 513, 538, 548, 549, 550–51, 607, 622, 623
on cap-and-trade, 540–41
Chad visit of, 368–70
Déby’s meeting with, 368–70, 647n
energy and climate policy of, 497–500, 503, 505, 540–41, 542, 543–44, 545–48
offshore drilling issue and, 607–8
stimulus bill of, 540
2008 election and, 497–500, 531
Obama administration, 513, 531–32, 535, 548, 551, 574, 622–23
Obasanjo, Olusegun, 454, 464
Oberdorfer, Louis F., xiv, 400–401, 402–3, 406–7
Obiang, Gabriel, 287–88, 525–26
Obiang, Teodorin, 525, 526–28, 622
Obiang, Teodoro Nguema, xiv, 140–41, 150–51, 164, 297, 298, 299, 356, 509, 510, 512–13, 528, 529–30, 622
arms purchases and, 517–18
attempted coup and, 282–84, 286–87, 289, 291
Gamble’s meeting with, 296–97
Israel relations and, 516–17
Powell’s meeting with, 294–95
Rice’s meeting with, 518–20
Riggs Bank and, 144, 152–53, 287–88
succession question and, 525–26
U.S. relations and, 141–49, 151, 152, 283, 291, 294
Occidental Petroleum, 342, 548–49
Oceaneering International, 451
offshore drilling, 542–43
accident response plans and, 616
blowout preventer and, 607
deaths and injuries and, 607
ExxonMobil and, 608–9
federal regulation of, 606–7
in Gulf of Mexico, 604–5, 611
leasing and, 607
Obama and, 607–8
Oil Spill Response Plan and, 608–9
politics and, 605–6
Santa Barbara blowout and, 605
2008 election and, 607
see also Deepwater Horizon disaster
oil:
biomass origin of, 126–27
poisonous effects of, 126, 128–31
Oil and Energy Working Group, 232
Oil & Gas Journal, 251, 544
Oil Drum, The, 593
oil embargoes, 3, 29, 52, 80, 95, 237, 544
oil industry, 4, 17, 18, 191, 192
climate change debate and, 84–89, 310–11
climate policy and, 540–41
oil security and, 237–40
peak oil and, 420–21, 617
reserve replacement problem in, 54–57, 188–93
resource nationalism and, 51–55
retail gas stations and, 316–17
R.O.C.E. performance measures in, 49–50
Royal Dutch Shell scandal and, 188–89
Senate hearings on, 320–22
state-owned companies and, 53–54
2000 election and, 68–69
see also alternate energy
Oil Ministry, Iraqi, 233, 559, 563–64, 571–72, 574
Oil Spill Response Plan, 608–9
Okah, Henry, 463
Old Field Development, 158
Olo, Juan, 142, 638n
O’Melveny & Myers, 131
One Hundred Years of Solitude (García Márquez), 601
O’Neill, Paul, 89, 91, 254–55
Open Russia Foundation, 266
Open Society program, 523
Operations Integrity Management System (O.I.M.S.), 32–33, 39, 41, 94, 164, 189–90, 223, 398, 405
Opinion Leader Dialogue, 343
O’Reilly, David J., 270, 320, 370
Or
ganization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 569
Organization of African Unity, 150
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (O.P.E.C.), 52, 59, 204, 222, 233, 238
O.S.D.-Policy, 280
O’Sullivan, Meghan, 568, 570–71
Owei, Comrade, 456
Oxfam, 167, 169
Ozone Action, 181
Pacala, Stephen, 311
PACER (computer system), 381
Pacific Gas & Electric, 625
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 90
Page, David S., 132–35
Panic Room (film), 475
Panjaitan, Luhut, 114–15
Papua New Guinea, 461
Paradox of Plenty: Oil Booms and Petro-States, The (Karl), 166
Patrinos, Aristides, 90–91
Paul, Ron, 508
P.D.V.S.A. (Petróleos de Venezuela), 412–13, 415, 422, 423, 426–27, 428, 429, 430–31, 433
Pelosi, Nancy, 342, 549
Perez, Joe, 423
Peterson, Justin, 537
Petrobras, 53
PetroChina, 595
Petrofina, 61
Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, 319
PETRONAS, 159, 172, 368, 369–70
Philippines, 457
Phillips, Jeanne, 569
phthalates, 481–87, 489–91
pink salmon, 127–29
Pinochet, Augusto, 287
Pizzurro, Joseph, xv, 432–33
Plunkett, Hobert E., 425–26
Podesta, John, 539
politburo, Chinese, 243
Polkey, Steven, 378–79
Powell, Colin, xiv, 89, 90, 112, 146, 147, 240, 277, 401, 514, 520
Obiang’s meeting with, 294–95
precautionary principle, 480, 484–85
President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, 569
PricewaterhouseCoopers, 263
Prince William Sound, 3, 7
commercial fisheries in, 127–29
scientific surveys of, 122–25, 128–33
see also Exxon Valdez disaster
production sharing agreements (P.S.A.), 256, 257, 259
Pryor, Stephen, 493
P. T. Pertamina, 102
Public Interest Research Group, 484, 487
Public Interest Watch, 188
Putin, Vladimir, xv, 249, 254, 257, 258–59, 260–61, 275, 276, 418
Evans’s conversations with, 250–51, 268, 277–79
G. W. Bush and, 250–51, 252
Khodorkovsky’s conflict with, 261, 263–65
New York visit of, 271–72
proposed U.S.-Russia oil partnership and, 267–68
Raymond’s meetings with, 272–74
siloviki (security men) of, 270–71
Tillerson’s meeting with, 621–22
Qatar, 18, 62, 202, 206, 222, 276, 498, 542, 564, 580, 581, 617
Al-Thanis family of, 195
ExxonMobil and, 198–99
Mobil’s natural gas partnership with, 198
natural gas of, 195, 197–200
North field of, 194–99
Qatar Petroleum, 198
Rahman, Nordin Abdul, 116
Rainbow Warrior, 26
Rainforest Action Network, 536
Ramos, Maria, 186–87
Randall, Jack, 577–79, 581–82, 583
Randol, Arthur G., III “Randy,” 84, 91, 183
Rawl, Lawrence G., 6–7, 9, 11, 14–15, 26, 27, 47, 49, 62, 209, 611
Raymond, Charlene, 9, 43–44, 45, 68, 314, 326–27
Raymond, Lee R., xiii, 12, 16, 18, 19, 21, 35, 37, 73, 93, 96, 104, 106, 107, 120, 143, 158, 161, 162, 171, 172, 180–81, 191, 192–93, 194–95, 220, 223, 224, 226, 251, 254, 255, 275, 278, 301, 340, 341, 354, 417, 418, 437, 442, 446, 464, 488, 504, 523, 562, 575, 580, 581, 583, 591, 594, 596, 598, 599, 609, 611, 622, 624
Beijing address of, 81–83
Chad policy and, 163, 165–66
Cheney’s friendship with, 67–70, 71, 239–40, 247–48, 276
C.I.M.S. created by, 190
climate change skepticism of, 77, 79–83, 84, 88–89, 181, 182, 183, 184–85, 187, 217, 309, 311, 337–38, 506, 535, 583
educating Washington campaign and, 303–5
Exxon career of, 46, 48–49
Exxon Valdez incident and, 9–13, 14, 15–16, 33
forecasts practice and, 306–7, 309
Greenspan’s friendship with, 200–201
on Iraqi oil, 246–47, 248
Khodorkovsky’s meetings with, 268–70
leadership of, 50–51
lifestyle of, 42–46
lobbying policy of, 74–77
management philosophy of, 29–30, 32, 38, 40–41
mental qualities of, 47–48
Mobil merger and, 134, 139, 587, 594–95
Naimi’s meeting with, 208–9
nicknames of, 45, 47
physical appearance of, 46–47
postmerger restructuring and, 216–17
professional reputation of, 44–45
Putin’s meetings with, 272–74
Qatar natural gas deal and, 198–99
Reso kidnapping incident and, 26–27
retirement of, 324, 326–27, 344, 489
Saudi natural gas initiative and, 202, 203–9
Senate testimony of, 320–22
Sprow’s assessment of, 178–79
succession question and, 209–12, 314–18
Voluntary Principles regime and, 404–5
working style of, 45–46
Reagan, Ronald, 68, 238, 605
Reagan administration, 159, 182, 237, 548
Reid, Harry, 549
Reilly, William K., 15
Renewable Fuels Association, 446
Republican National Committee, 91
Republican Party, U.S., 302, 340, 504
ExxonMobil contributions to, 495–96
Reso, Patricia, 25, 27
Reso, Sidney J., 25–29, 30, 32
resource curse thesis, 166–67, 240, 360, 440, 461
resource nationalism, 51, 52–57, 70, 139, 199, 410, 417, 547, 558, 615
Exxon-Mobil merger and, 60–66
Royal Dutch Shell scandal and, 188–89
share buybacks and, 63–64
Response Group, The, 608–9
return on capital employed (R.O.C.E.), 49–50, 595–96
Reuters, 591
Rice, Condoleezza, 146, 240, 252, 365–66
Obiang’s meeting with, 518–20
Rice, Jeep, 131, 133
Riggs Bank, 144–45, 152–53, 286–87, 290, 294, 295, 298, 509, 638n
