by Kai Bird
McCloy’s relationship with, 129, 130, 178, 187, 191, 192, 421
military strategy of, 145, 146, 177, 179, 181, 184, 194, 199, 227
Marshall Plan, 71, 292–94, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 304, 306
Martin, Edwin M., 534
Masaoka, Mike, 158, 168
May, Ernest, 660–61
May, Stacy, 112
“Meet the Press,” 512–13, 563, 652
Meiklejohn, Alexander, 37–39, 40, 165, 166
Merchant, Livingston, 608
Merk, Kurt, 346
Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 15, 396
Metropolitan Opera, 72, 99, 483, 519
Meyer, Cord, 483, 484, 485
Meyer, Eugene, 124, 229, 282–83
Middleton, Drew, 373
Milbank, Albert G., 273
Milbank, Jeremiah, 103, 111
Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy, 15, 16, 273–75, 282, 386, 499, 503, 517–18, 521, 540–41, 624, 625, 628, 630, 634, 639, 641, 653, 654, 659, 660
Miles, Sherman, 113, 118, 119, 129, 137, 138, 141
military-preparedness movement, 19, 40–46, 50, 80, 154, 501
Miller, Bert, 160
Miller, Francis P., 112
Mills, C. Wright, 35, 483
MIRVs (multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles), 615–17, 622
“missile gap,” 487, 488, 509
Mitchell, Charles E., 71
Mitchell, John, 627
Mitchell, William, 93
Model, Leo, 551
Moffat, Douglas M., 62
Moffett, James A., 98
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, shah of Iran, 414, 605–6, 629, 630, 641–52
Mollet, Guy, 460, 472
Molotov, V. M., 235–36, 238, 250, 255
Monat, Du, 357, 358, 413, 462
Mondale, Walter, 648
Monde, Le, 336
Monnet, Jean, 17, 72, 97, 105, 180, 182, 183, 196, 197, 225, 234, 336, 337, 344, 377, 405, 589, 590
Monnet, Sylvia, 97
Monroe Doctrine, 109, 238, 239
Moore, Elizabeth Luce, 73
Moore, Hoyt A., 60, 62, 63, 405
Moore, Maurice, 73, 75, 271, 272, 386
Moran, Frederick A., 335
Morgan, J. P., 62
Morgan, Thomas Alfred, 422, 425
J. P. Morgan & Co., 398–99, 400
Morgenthau, Hans J., 584–85
Morgenthau, Henry, Jr.:
German occupation as viewed by, 230–33, 287, 586
McCloy’s relationship with, 222–23, 230–33, 234
as Secretary of the Treasury, 100, 102, 120, 123, 124, 197, 198, 203, 210, 214, 219
Morgenthau Plan, 225–27, 228, 287, 586
Morrow, Dwight, 42
Moses, Robert, 454
Mossadegh, Mohammed, 427
Moulin, Jean, 346, 348
Moyers, Bill, 619
Muench, A. J., 333
Munich agreement (1938), 109, 523, 575, 661
Munich Beer Hall Putsch (1923), 88
Munson, Curtis B., 155
Murchison, Clint, 103, 430–32, 542
Murphy, Robert, 175, 180, 183, 624
Murrow, Edward R., 420
Myer, Dillon S., 162–63, 166, 167
Nadolny, Rudolf, 84
Nagasaki bombing, 257, 259
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 442, 443, 445, 448–53, 541, 543, 567–68, 604, 607, 608, 614, 615, 624–25
Nation, 44, 364, 600
National Banking System, 399, 402
National City Bank, 65, 66, 67, 71, 398, 400, 402, 456
National Committee for a Free Albania, 355
National Committee for a Free Europe, 414
National Industry Recovery Act (NIRA), 101
National Liberation Front (NLF), 582, 595–96
National Security Act (1947), 301
National Security Council (NSC), 229, 302, 468, 476, 478, 507, 519, 523, 528
National Student Association, 484
Naumann, Erich, 373
Nelidoff, Alexander, 83–84, 95
Neustadt, Richard, 497, 500
New Deal, 98–104, 108–12, 287, 307
McCloy’s views on, 106, 387, 404–5, 418–19, 426, 430, 436
New Republic, 42, 44, 162
Newsom, David, 647–48, 652 Newsweek, 291, 313
New York Central Railroad Company, 431–32
New York City Bar Association, 15, 59, 99, 503
New York Compass, 334
New Yorker, 59, 62–63, 77
New York Herald Tribune, 201, 519
New York Post, 334
New York State Chamber of Commerce, 404
New York Stock Exchange, 289, 291, 437, 438, 440, 453
New York Times, 41, 66, 79, 202, 211, 219, 221, 226, 289, 294, 300, 313, 315, 318, 328, 333–34, 356, 393, 395, 405, 407, 410, 422, 432, 447, 450, 482, 488, 507, 532, 543, 544, 566, 568, 620, 623
Nicaragua, 298, 656
Niemoller, Martin, 336, 343
Nisi Prius club, 15, 107–8, 423
Nitze, Paul, 340, 461, 465, 466, 468, 491, 500, 531, 616, 649
Nixon, Richard M., 15–16, 413, 613–40
arms control policies of, 615–18
energy crisis and, 629, 631–32
Establishment as viewed by, 613, 622–23, 637–39
foreign policy of, 621–24
Kissinger’s relationship with, 613, 614
McCloy’s relationship with, 447–48, 490, 542, 613–15
Middle East policy of, 614–15, 633–35
re-election campaign of, 636, 639
Vietnam policy of, 614, 617–18, 622
in Watergate scandal, 634, 637–39
Nizer, Louis, 549
Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), 585–86
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 310, 328, 342, 343, 344, 381, 385, 446, 463, 472, 478, 505, 511, 524, 526, 541, 576, 586–600, 621–24
Nosenko, Yuri, 560–61, 565
nuclear weapons, 461–64
on-site inspection of, 505–6, 510, 515, 616–17
proliferation of, 585–86
see also arms control; atomic bomb
Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy (Kissinger), 461–64
Nuremberg trials, 228, 258, 330–31, 333, 334, 335–36, 360–61, 363, 365, 366–67, 370, 371, 372, 374, 375
Nuri Said, 445
Occidental Oil Company, 625–26, 636
O’Donnell, Kenneth, 496
Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), 118
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 130, 198, 231, 244, 252, 279–80
Ohlendorf, Otto, 367, 370, 371
oil prices, 626, 627, 630, 632, 634–35, 650
Old Philadelphia Rabbit Club, 24
Olsen, Iver C., 216
O’Mahoney, Joseph C., 439
“Open Skies” proposal, 487
Operation Bolero, 145, 177–78, 184
Operation Brother Sam, 552–53
Operation Husky, 184
Operation Mongoose, 532–33
Operation Overlord, 190, 194, 195, 196, 199, 200
Operation Paperclip, 352n, 425
Operation Rankin, 192
Operation Roundup, 145, 184
Operation Sledgehammer, 145, 178, 179
Operation Super-Gymnast, 145, 178
Operation Torch, 179
Oppenheim, E. Phillips, 77
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 243, 277–78, 279, 281, 417, 422–26, 461, 501
Organization of American States (OAS), 527
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 517–18, 541, 625, 627–35, 650
Orwell, George, 357
Oswald, Lee Harvey, 547, 554, 556–62, 565–66
Otis, Harold, 107
“Our Relations with Darlan” (Lippmann), 180–81
Oxford Book of Verse, 312
Page, Arthur W., 243n
Page, Ralph W., 42
Palestine, 207, 208–9, 44–6, 609
Palmer, A. Mitc
hell, 53
Panuch, John Anthony, 271, 280
Papen, Franz Joseph von, 80, 82, 86, 87, 88, 89, 95
Parker, Chauncey, 99
Parker, Dorothy, 121
Patterson, Robert P., 127, 141, 418
Patton, George S., 193, 195, 233, 234
Pauley, Edwin, 252
Pax Americana, 19, 108, 266, 592, 661
Peabody, Endicott, 31, 599
Pearl Harbor attack, 138, 140–43, 147, 152, 154, 156, 158, 252, 303, 466, 548, 659
Pearson, Drew, 125, 177, 193, 208, 226, 408, 410, 412, 418, 420–21, 435, 447, 448, 467, 468, 491, 562
Pearson, Leon, 126
Pearson, Lester, 459
Peaslee, Amos, 79, 81, 82, 84, 94
Peck, David W., 335
Peck Panel, 335–36, 360–62, 363, 365, 368, 369, 370, 371
Pecora, Frederick, 105
Peddie Institute, 31–36, 48
Pegler, Westbrook, 412
Pehle, John, 203, 205, 209, 210, 211, 212–13, 214, 215–17, 220–21, 222, 223, 224
Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, 25–26, 27, 28
Penrose, Boies, 57
Pentagon Papers, 620
Pepper, Charlotte, 28, 30
Pepper, George Wharton, 26, 28, 30, 35, 41, 42, 44, 46, 54, 57–58, 661
Perkins, James, 491
Pershing, John J., 52
Pétain, Henri, 180, 196
Peters, Gerhard, 356
Petersberg Agreement, 326–27
Petersen, Howard C., 97, 110, 281
Petersen Bureau, 346
Peterson, Peter G., 16
Pfeffer, Hauptmann von, 89, 90, 91
Pferdmenges, Robert, 329
Philadelphia, Pa.:
“Chinese Wall” of, 23, 25, 26, 29, 36, 57, 58, 662
McCloy’s childhood in, 23–36, 190
upper class in, 23–24, 57–58
Philby, Kim, 355
Phleger, Herman, 527
Plant, John D., 33
Plattsburg camp, 40–46, 50, 78, 110
Pleven Plan, 344, 378
Plimpton, Francis T., 62, 76, 585
Plimpton, Pauline, 76, 77
Plympton, Noah, 27
PM, 113, 119
Pogue, Joseph, 442
Pohl, Oswald, 331, 370, 372–73
Point Four program, 299–300
Poland:
death camps in, 201–2, 204, 205–6, 219–20, 228
Lublin government of, 236–37, 258
Nazi invasion of, 108–9
postwar reconstruction in, 294–96, 306
Soviet control of, 242, 446
Polk, Frank L., 107, 108, 112
Poncet, François, 322, 325, 377
Porter, Sylvia, 292
Potsdam Conference, 242, 249–59, 290, 323, 343
Potsdam Proclamation, 253, 257–59, 260, 263, 310, 512
Pound, Roscoe, 48, 53 Power Elite, The (Mills), 483
Powers, Gary, 489
Precht, Henry, 643
President’s Advisory Committee on Arms Control and Disarmament, 18, 517, 615–17
President’s Panel of Foreign Policy Consultants, 568
Preston, Guy H., 51–53, 658
Price, Don, 426, 427–29
“Problem of War Organization, Post-War Readjustment, The” (McCloy), 131–32
Project Alpha, 644–47, 652
Project 63, 352n
Project Solarium, 413–14, 434
Proskauer, Joseph, 408
Psychological Strategy Board, 384, 411
Publications Development Corporation (PDC), 484
PURPLE machine, 118, 137–38
Qaddafi, Muammar, 624–27, 634
Quakers, 24, 30
Quebec Conference, 225–26, 231, 258
Quemoy and Matsu islands, 473–75
Rabi, Isidor I., 277, 423, 426, 467
Rankin, J. Lee, 556
Rapacki, Adam, 478n
Raskin, Marcus, 580–81, 620
Rats, Lice and History (Zinsser), 74
Rauh, Joseph L., 120, 125
Rayburn, Sam, 133
Raymond, John M., 360–61, 368
Reagan, Ronald, 16, 655–58, 659
Reams, R. Borden, 202
Reber, Sam, 351, 364, 406, 407
receiverships, railroad, 64–67, 96, 104–6
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), 123
Reed, John, 88
Reed, Joseph V., 644, 651, 652
Reed, Lansing P., 107
Renger, Annemarie, 322–23
Repplier, Agnes, 28
Republican Party, 102–3, 110–11, 112
liberal wing of, 18–19, 430, 464
McCloy as member of, 54, 103, 111, 133, 312, 430, 436, 447–48, 490–91, 502, 542, 562–64, 568, 613, 655
“Taft” wing of, 386–88
Reston, James, 125, 308, 313, 318, 416, 422, 435, 482, 489, 563
Retinger, Joseph, 471–72
Reuter, Ernst, 358
Richardson, Elliot, 624, 637, 639
Richardson, Sid, 103, 409, 410, 429, 430–32, 518, 662
Riddleberger, James D., 317, 348, 349, 350
Riegner, Gerhardt, 211
Ringle, Kenneth D., 136, 155–56, 157
Rintelen, Franz von, 94–95
Rittenhouse Club, 24, 26
Robb, J. D., 62
Robb, Roger, 424
Roberts, George, 107, 113
Roberts, Henry L., 446
Roberts, Owen, 86, 93, 548
Robertson, Brian, 314
Robertson, Willis, 133, 513
Robinson, Homans, 48
Robinson, William, 429, 430
Roche, John, 597
Rockefeller, Abby, 55, 274
Rockefeller, David, 275, 461, 472, 474, 488, 497, 541, 581, 605, 614, 619–20, 638
McCloy’s relationship with, 16–17, 55, 395, 397–98, 454–57, 658
shah of Iran supported by, 642, 644, 645, 652, 653
Rockefeller, John D., Jr., 54, 55, 106, 274–75, 388, 395, 401, 436, 437, 662
Rockefeller, John D., Sr., 55
Rockefeller, John D., III, 55
Rockefeller, Laurance, 55
Rockefeller, Nelson, 55, 272–73, 289, 464–65, 485, 542, 614, 638, 642, 643
Rockefeller, Percy, 65
Rockefeller, William, 65
Rockefeller, Winthrop, 55
Rockefeller Brothers Fund, 464–65
Rockefeller family, 91, 98
McCloy’s association with, 19–20, 54–55, 272–75, 387–88, 395, 483
Rockefeller Foundation, 15, 109, 387, 388, 416, 428, 458, 462
Rogers, William P., 411, 626, 629
Rommel, Erwin, 177, 179, 183
Roosevelt, Archie, 42, 43
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 187, 365, 366
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 16, 18, 88, 117–235
“brain trust” of, 101
budget of, 98–99, 101, 102, 110
at Cairo Conference, 19
as chief executive, 112–13, 122, 124
Churchill and, 143, 178, 182, 184–85, 193–94, 225, 235, 236, 258
death of, 234, 235, 239, 249
de Gaulle and, 180, 183, 196–99, 234
economic policies of, 99–100
foreign policy of, 112–13, 490, 496
German occupation as viewed by, 224, 225–26, 230, 231, 232
Hitler vs., 89, 171
Holocaust and policies of, 203, 206, 210, 218
intelligence activities and, 119
isolationism opposed by, 108, 111
Japanese-American internment as viewed by, 152, 154, 171
McCloy’s relationship with, 98, 106, 111, 113, 130–31, 171, 182, 196–97, 234, 305, 318, 638, 639
military strategy of, 113, 143–45, 146, 178, 179, 181, 245
New Deal policies of, 98–99, 100–101, 102, 104, 106, 110, 175, 436
Pearl Harbor attack and, 140–43, 548
Pentagon project and, 176–7
7
re-election campaign of (1944), 171, 430
Stalin and, 194–95, 338
at Teheran Conference, 193–94, 196
U.S.-Soviet relations as viewed by, 228, 235–36
Wall Street and, 99–106, 109–13
wiretapping as viewed by, 127, 128, 129
at Yalta Conference, 255
Roosevelt, Kermit, 414, 427
Roosevelt, Theodore, 18, 41, 43–45, 62, 80, 102
Root, Elihu, 27, 41, 46, 47, 88, 107, 264–65, 302
Rosenheim, Jacob, 211, 213
Rostow, Eugene, 548
Rostow, Walt W., 460, 585, 594, 600, 601–2, 607
Rovensky, Joseph C., 91
Rovere, Richard, 563–64
Rowe, James H., Jr., 148, 149, 153, 154, 155, 164, 165, 301–2, 597, 598
Ruby, Jack, 547–48, 555, 565, 566
Ruhr Valley industries, 224, 225, 231, 234–35, 309, 318, 326, 337, 338, 360, 368, 369
Rumsfeld, Donald, 624
Runyon, Damon, 147
Rusk, Dean, 139, 338, 423, 428, 460, 472, 548, 553, 587, 590, 591, 597, 599, 607, 609, 646
as Kennedy’s Secretary of State, 497, 498, 499–500, 505, 517, 523, 526, 533, 536, 537, 538, 540, 541, 543
Vietnam policy of, 570, 575, 576, 578, 579, 580, 585, 596, 601–2
Russell, Bertrand, 357
Russell, Donald, 279–80, 281
Russell, Richard B., 548, 564–65, 566
Russell Plan, 279–80
Ryan, Allan A., Jr., 347, 352
Sadat, Anwar, 624, 633, 634, 643
SALT Treaty, 615–17, 622
SALT II Treaty, 649, 650
Santayana, George, 121
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 357, 408
Satow, Masao, 158
Saud, Abdul-Aziz Ibn, King of Saudi Arabia, 441–45, 541
Saudi Arabia, 441–45, 541, 606–7, 633–35
Scandrett, Jay J., 42
Schacht, Hjalmar, 91
Schelabrendorff, Fabian von, 332
Schiff, Jacob, 29, 60, 62, 63
Schiff, Mortimer L., 60
Schine, G. David, 405–6, 419–20, 422
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 461, 462, 489, 502, 504, 507, 515, 530, 566, 596–97
Schmidt, Helmut, 16, 649, 656, 658
Scholl, Inge, 332
Schram, Emil, 291
Schröder, Gerhard, 590
Schubert, Heinz Hermann, 371
Schuler, Henry, 626
Schumacher, Kurt, 305, 322–23, 326, 327, 328, 335, 336, 341, 343, 344, 362, 378, 379, 383
Schuman, Robert, 378, 383
Schuman Plan, 337, 379
Schwartz, Thomas, 366
Scott, Austin, 48, 55
Scott, Ernest, 57
Scott, J. Allison, 25–26, 57
Scranton, William, 562–63
Searls, Fred, Jr., 279
Sebold, William G., 128
Secret Service, 557, 560
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 72, 274–75, 289, 436, 439, 636–37, 640
Seebohm, Hans Christoph, 329
“See It Now,” 420
Selective Service, 133, 168
