Margulies, Joseph, 236, 311, 318–19
Marine One, 48
Marines, U.S., at Guantanamo Bay, 207, 210, 211
Marine Security Company, 73
Marr, Andrew, 473
Marri, Ali Saleh Kahlah al-, 340
Marshals Service, U.S., 10
Martinez, Deuce, 490–91
Martyn, Michael, 397, 398, 399
Massoud, Ahmad Shah, 14–15, 41–42, 56
Mayaguez, SS, 82
Mayer, Jane, 526
Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan, 113, 138, 139, 146–47, 149
Mazigh, Monia, 222–23, 373, 375, 376, 381, 509
media:
anthrax attacks on, 77, 87–88, 91–92, 101, 107, 115, 121–22, 123–25, 126, 127–28
bin Laden’s use of, 6, 114, 268
Blair’s portrayal in, 244
Bush administration’s relations with, 105
detainee policy leak to, 227
Padilla case in, 306–8
Rasul v. Bush case in, 236, 237
weapons inspectors’ portrayal in, 488
Meet the Press, 488
Meléndez-Pérez, José, 10–12
Meyer, Christopher, 240–41, 353, 354, 365
MI5, 40, 367, 377, 422, 475
Microelectronics International, 85, 102, 223
Micronesia, due process case involving, 312, 335
Middle East:
Bush’s policy statement on, 314–16, 322
Canadian intelligence’s contact with, 130, 147, 161
intelligence services in, 98, 130, 147, 194n, 325
Iraq diplomacy efforts in, 493
Iraq War support in, 241, 321–22, 355
peace process in, 241, 244–45, 260, 261–62, 263, 314–16, 322, 355, 364, 494
secret police in, 44
terrorist financing from, 92, 93
torture’s use in, 44, 194, 218, 219, 387, 389, 416, 419, 420
U.S. relations in, 51, 116, 338
Miers, Harriet, 154, 156
Mihdhar, Khalid al-, 33
military, U.S.:
in Afghanistan War, 56, 64, 73, 74, 78, 79, 80, 81, 87, 137, 146, 149, 159, 173, 177, 180, 181, 184
anthrax vaccines for, 115
CIA interrogation meeting with, 377–79, 403
Directorate of Intelligence Joint Staff of, 357, 473
domestic action by, 139–40
enemy combatants’ importance to, 316–17
Geneva Conventions’ protection of, 188, 214, 227, 230, 465, 485
Geneva Conventions training in, 214, 218, 229–30, 465
Guantanamo Bay’s management by, 207
Guantanamo intelligence used by, 296, 298
Hamdi’s detention by, 260, 266, 292
interrogation methods used by, 327–28, 403, 404, 405, 416, 420, 428, 431, 433, 434, 436–38, 439–41, 442, 447, 450, 474
interrogation program of, 192–93, 237–38, 245, 293, 295–96, 298, 313, 325, 327–28, 330–32, 340, 367, 375–76, 377–79, 382–83, 403–5, 415–16, 417, 419–20, 422–26, 427–29, 430–43, 444–45, 446–51, 453, 455–57, 463–67, 473–76, 485–86
interrogation survival program in, 191, 192
Iraq War strategy of, 173, 252, 260, 451–52, 497–99
Joint Personnel Recovery Agency of, 192, 327, 328, 331, 376, 473
Padilla’s detention by, 304, 305–6, 368
president’s authority over, 35–36, 139–40
Rumsfeld’s distrust of, 34
Rumsfeld’s vision of, 237
Tipton Three interrogation by, 175
see also Defense Department, U.S.; Joint Chiefs of Staff; specific branches
military commissions:
administration infighting over, 145, 148, 149–50, 151–52, 156–58, 182, 183
bureaucratic delays of, 246–47
Congress’s role in, 155, 174, 512
designations for, 145, 148, 150, 151–52, 160, 182, 221
and domestic arrests, 139
at Guantanamo Bay, 247, 512–13
interrogation policy’s significance to, 438, 439, 485
judicial review of, 144, 155, 156, 161
legal opinion on, 122–23, 148; see also Prosper group
legal opposition to, 155–56, 159–61, 173–74
political conflict over, 504
precedent for, 84, 103, 137, 144, 145
presidential order for, 137, 140, 144–45, 148, 149, 152, 153–54, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 174, 247, 512
Senate hearing on, 161, 173–74, 181–83
Military Commissions Act, 512
Miller, Doug, 30
Miller, Geoffrey, 404, 415, 416, 417, 420, 422, 427, 449
Miller, Tommy E., 299, 300
Mineta, Norm, 21–22, 25–26, 27
Mitchell, Jim, 191, 193, 194, 195, 256, 257, 278, 279, 280, 544
Mobbs, Michael, 329–30, 341, 342, 408
Mohamed, Binyam, 304
Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh (KSM):
and anthrax development program, 165, 166
capture of, 482–84
CIA interrogation of, 484, 487, 490–93
intelligence obtained from, 491–93
9/11 admission by, 269, 308
9/11 plot of, 63–64
Pakistani interrogation of, 484
Zubaydah’s information about, 254–55, 279
Mole, The, 515
Mora, Alberto, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435–36, 437–39, 443, 444–45, 446–47, 450–51, 453, 463–64, 466, 475–76
Morello, Steven, 434, 435
Mounties:
and Arar detention, 370, 381, 388, 509, 539
terrorist investigations by, 101–2, 126, 130, 146, 147, 222–24, 539
Moussaoui, Zacarias:
on 9/11, 23, 325
al-Libi’s information about, 208
arrest of, 12–14, 181
indictment of, 178, 181, 182
investigation of, 529
legal case of, 262, 269–71, 304
Moutardier, Hermis, 190, 191
Mueller, Bob, 24, 46, 50, 181, 306, 308, 342, 343
Mujahir, Abdullah al-, see Padilla, José
Mujama’ 6, 4
Mukasey, Michael, 293–94, 304, 305
mukhabarat, 44
Mukhabarat al-Aama, 233
“Mukhtar,” see Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh
Musharraf, Pervez, 51, 80, 91, 363
Muslim Brotherhood, 550
Myers, Richard, 33–34, 358, 498, 499
N
Nashiri, Abd al-Rahim al-, 345
National Military Control Center (NMCC), 29, 33, 34
National Reconnaissance Office, 180, 351, 520
National Security Agency (NSA):
data handled by, 97, 99–100
pre-9/11 intelligence gathered by, 8
reverse targeting by, 98–99
surveillance by, 60, 95–100, 104–7, 134, 141–42, 180, 243, 248, 309, 351, 504
National Security Council (NSC), 35, 50, 55, 78, 79, 122, 145, 146, 149, 157, 158, 187, 224, 280, 343
National Security Presidential Directive number nine, 55, 79
NATO, 462
Bosnian peacekeeping by, 204–5, 206, 215, 216
Prague summit of, 420, 421–22
Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS), 206, 430, 431, 433, 437, 443
Naval Weapons Station Charleston, 306
Navy, U.S., 81, 229, 430
Judge Advocate General Corps of, 444, 446, 465
Navy SEALs, 520–21
NBC, 87–88, 107, 115, 121, 126, 127–28
Negron, Peter, 503
Negroponte, John, 476
Newman, Donna, 294, 306
New York, N.Y.:
post-9/11 structural damage in, 163–65
see also World Trade Center
New York Police Department, 371
New York Post, 91, 115
New York Stock Exchange, 307, 308
New York Times, 128, 159, 160, 488
Nickles, Don, 68
Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, 195
Norfolk Naval Station, 260, 266, 292
North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), 33–34
Northern Alliance:
in Afghanistan War, 56, 64, 73, 87, 114, 137–38, 139, 143, 146, 147, 149, 151, 158, 159, 162, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 174–75, 186
Kabul’s occupation by, 159, 162, 163
setbacks of, 14–15, 41–42
U.S. relationship with, 8, 14, 56, 64, 73, 87, 137–38, 162
Northern Iraq Liaison Unit, 497
North Korea, 237, 509
weapons of mass destruction in, 328
Northwest Airlines, 36–37
nuclear reactors, suspected al-Qaeda plot against, 325
nuclear weapons:
al-Qaeda’s quest for, 5, 233, 279, 548
in Iraq, 469, 479, 488
see also weapons of mass destruction
Nutsch, Mark, 138, 139, 149
O
Obama, Barack, 520
Obama administration, 522
Objective RHINO, 140–41
O’Connor, Erin, 88, 107, 121–22, 123–25
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 310
Odah, Khalid al-, 336
Offutt Air Force Base, 45
Ogrisseg, Jerald, 330
Olson, Barbara, 311
Olson, Ted, 302, 303, 309, 310–11, 313
Omar, Mohammed, 73, 113
O’Neill, Paul, 73
Operation Noble Eagle, see anthrax attacks, investigation of
Operation Red Dawn, 518–19
optical identification, 249
Orlando International Airport, al-Qahtani’s attempted entry at, 10–12, 324–25
Osman (al-Qaeda terrorist), 4
Ottawa, Canada, police department of, 126
Oummih, Amal, 385
P
Pace, Peter, 214, 217, 229–30
Paddy’s Irish Pub, 394, 395, 397–98, 399
Padilla, José:
FBI interrogation of, 285–91
FBI’s arrest of, 291
legal case of, 293–94, 304–6
military’s detention of, 304, 305–6, 368
press statements about, 306–8
Zubaydah’s identification of, 280, 304, 305
Pakistan:
in Afghanistan War, 73, 80, 91, 177
al-Qaeda arrests in, 185, 185n, 207, 239–40, 247–50, 351, 361–63, 482–84, 492, 493
al-Qaeda escape routes to, 178, 180–81, 184–85, 189, 248
bin Laden’s death in, 520–21
bin Laden’s escape to, 186, 250
Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence in, 351, 361, 362
Islamic extremists in, 51
Taliban’s relationship with, 50, 51
terrorist interrogations in, 304
U.S. bounties offered in, 189, 250, 483
U.S. relations with, 51, 91, 250, 389
Palestinians:
Bush’s policy statement on, 315
Israeli conflict with, 260, 261, 315, 316; see also Middle East, peace process in
Paltridge, Corey, 397
Pan Am flight 103, 116
Pan Am International Flight Academy, 13
Panetta, Leon, 520
Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, 87, 138
Paquete Habana v. U.S., 465
Paracha, Sayf al-Rahman, 491
Parliament, British:
Blair opposition in, 244, 328, 402, 486, 494, 496–97
Iraq war legality report to, 489
Pashtuns, 73, 159, 167, 178, 201, 239
Pastika, I Made Mangku, 413, 414
Patriot Act, 160
Paulette, William, 266
Pauley, Jane, 110
PBS, 128
Pecaut, Blaine, 396, 400–401
Pentagon:
attack on, 26, 27–28, 29, 33
Executive Support Center of, 22
proposed 9/11 evacuation of, 22
see also Defense Department, U.S.; September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks
Persian Gulf War, 352, 452, 489, 500, 548
biological weapons found in, 75–76, 128
congressional authorization for, 58, 59–60, 61, 66
Petraeus, David, 205
Phifer, Jerald, 377, 403, 404, 405, 416
Philbin, Pat, 122–23, 148, 334
Philippines, counterterrorist training in, 229
phobias, 464
Pickard, Tom, 9–10, 528, 529, 530
Pignero, Gustavo, 412, 426, 427
Pigott, Anthony, 252, 253
Piro, George, 519–20
Pironi, Luciano, 345–46, 478–79
Plan of Attack (Woodward), 526
Poland, CIA secret prison in, 486–87, 572–73
Pollari, Nicolò, 406, 407
Portugal, in Iraq War, 493
Posse Comitatus Act, 139–40
Powell, Colin, 78, 90, 91, 196, 261, 410
in Arar case, 418–19, 420–21, 510
Canadian visit of, 417–19
in detainee treatment debate, 218, 224, 225–27, 229, 230, 232
Iraq War position of, 338–39, 353, 364, 499, 505
on 9/11, 45, 50
Powell, Jonathan, 261, 470
Predator aerial surveillance drones, 56–57, 64, 73, 141, 350
president, U.S.:
counterterrorism funding by, 37
military commissions authority of, 84, 103, 122, 137, 155, 512
war powers of, 35–36, 38, 47–48, 57, 59–62, 65, 66, 139–40, 160, 309, 465, 507, 512
see also Bush, George W.
Presidential Emergency Operations Center, 22, 29–30, 47
Price, Kathryn, 515
Princeton, N.J., anthrax mailings from, 77, 115, 340, 514
Prosper, Pierre-Richard, 83, 103, 122, 123, 136, 246
Prosper group, 83, 103, 122–23, 136–37, 246–47
Protestant Federation of France, 460
Putin, Ludmilla, 391
Putin, Vladimir:
Blair’s meeting with, 391–94
and Chechnya conflict, 54, 81
Iraq War position of, 392, 393, 394, 486
9/11 reaction of, 45, 54, 91
Q
Qahtani, Mohammed al-:
FBI interrogation of, 332, 339–40, 378, 405
FBI’s identification of, 324–25
isolation of, 339
military interrogation of, 332, 367, 378, 403, 404–5, 407, 415–16, 417, 419–20, 422–26, 427, 433–34, 436–37, 439–42, 446, 449–50
Special Interrogation Plan for, 416, 417, 419–20
U.S. Customs’ refusal of, 10–12
Qala-i-Jangi, 168–71, 175, 176
Qarshi, Abul Baraa, 482
Quetta, Pakistan, 483
Qutb, Sayyid, 550
R
Radio Elshinta, 415
Ralpho v. Bell, 312, 335
Rasul, Shafiq, 174, 511, 512
Rasul et al. v. Bush, 236, 311, 318, 335, 511
Ratner, Michael, 159–60
Rawalpindi, Pakistan, 482, 483
Reagan, Ronald, 460, 570–71
Reagan administration, 58
Red Hot Chili Peppers, 279
Reid, Harry, 68
Reid, Richard, 190–91, 208, 242
rendition, xi, 79, 127, 160, 219, 233, 277, 333
see also Abu Omar; Almalki, Abdullah; Arar, Maher; El-Maati, Ahmad; Italy, CIA rendition plot in
Reno, Janet, 529
Renuart, Victor, Jr., 173
Reprieve US, 212, 213
Republican Party, U.S., 506
Reuters, 488
Rice, Condoleezza, 76, 90, 449, 495, 505–6
Blix’s report to, 476–77
and CIA interrogation policy, 282, 283
counterterrorism policy position of, 49
in detainee treatment policy debate, 229
in detention center decision, 196
in Iraq War
planning, 243–44, 261, 328, 338, 353, 354, 364, 365, 470, 472, 499
and military commissions order, 156
on 9/11, 23, 31, 45, 49
pre-9/11 intelligence briefing of, 350
at pre-election intelligence briefing, 1
war on terror strategy memo of, 78–79
ricin, 128n
Rivera, Marisol, 287
Rizzo, John, 280, 282, 350, 367
Rockefeller, John D., IV, 559
Romano, Ray, 207
Römer, Thomas, 460
Romig, Thomas, 485–86
Roosevelt, Franklin, 84, 137, 144, 246
Rosen, Joanna, 155, 173
Rove, Karl, 241
Royal Marines, 240
Rumsfeld, Donald:
on 9/11, 27–28, 31, 33, 34–35, 36
in Afghanistan War planning, 82, 89, 137, 146, 149, 177–78, 180
in Algerian Six case, 205
Defense Department leadership of, 34, 137, 246
detainee treatment memo of, 217–18
in detention center decision, 195
and elderly detainee release, 336
on European war opposition, 462
Guantanamo Bay nickname of, 220
and Guantanamo interrogation program, 237–38, 327, 415, 415n, 427, 429, 434, 435, 437, 438, 446, 447, 449–50, 453
in Hamdi case, 258
Iraq position of, 72, 89, 123, 354, 363
in Iraq War planning, 173, 252, 447, 499
military commissions authority of, 145, 148, 151, 152
9/11 response strategy of, 31, 56
in Padilla case, 305, 306
resignation of, 506
in shootdown order legal question, 36
weapons of mass destruction report to, 357–58, 383
Russia:
Chechnya conflict in, 54, 81
Iraq War position of, 484–85, 486
smallpox repository in, 76
U.S. relations with, 51, 81, 392
in war on terror, 55, 72, 81
see also Putin, Vladimir
Ryan, Jake, 399, 400
Ryan, Mitch, 399–400
Rycroft, Matthew, 470
Ryder, Donald, 206
S
Sabri, Naji, 366
Salah, Muhammad, 63
Salloum, George, 161, 165, 375, 379, 380
Samit, Harry, 12, 13, 14
Samudra, Imam, 347, 348, 395
Sari Club, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399
sarin gas, 68
Saudi Arabia, 549
bin Laden’s time in, 546, 548
counterterrorist intelligence from, 98
and Iraq War, 241, 338
Islamic extremism in, 117, 150, 243
royal family of, 93, 116, 117
Scarlett, John, 40, 41
Schmitt, Todd, 285
Schröder, Gerhard, 461
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