First Ladies
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death, 168
studies, 159
Evalyn Walsh McLean and, 162–63
as First Lady, 165–69
illness, 163, 164, 166, 167
marriage to Henry A. De Wolfe, 160
marriage to Warren Harding, 159–60
Teapot Dome scandal and, 181
Harding, Phoebe Dickerson, 161
Harding, Warren G., 157–70
death, 157
marriage, 159–60
as Ohio senator, 162
presidency, 165–69
presidential campaign, 163–65
Harkin, Ruth, 303
Harper’s Bazaar, 117, 122–23
Harper’s Weekly, 123
Harriman, Florence Jaffray, 151, 171, 213
minister to Norway, 201
Harrison, Anna Symmes, 36, 45, 46, 48, 289
Harrison, Benjamin, 108
marriage, 108
presidency, 109
Harrison, Caroline Scott, 108, 124, 145
death, 111
as First Lady, 109–10
marriage, 108
as “New Woman,” xx
paid housework campaign and, 109–10
President’s House, modernizing, 109
Harrison, Jane, 40, 46
Harrison, William Henry, 45, 101
Hart, Gary, 304
Hart, Lee, 304
Hayes, Fanny, 89
Hayes, Lucy Webb, xv, 86, 87, 88–97, 158, 165
ban on alcohol, 94
Civil War, 90–91
studies, 89
family, 88
as First Lady, 92–96
“Lemonade Lucy,” 95, 97
marriage, 89
as “New Woman,” xx
temperance, 95
Hayes, Rutherford B., 88–97
ban on alcohol, 94
Civil War, 90–91
governorship, 91
marriage, 89
presidency, 92–96
presidential campaign, 91–92
Headstart, 243
Helm, Edith, 211
Henderson, John, 169
Hepburn, Katharine, 267
Herndon, William, 77
Hickok, Lorena, 194, 199
Highway Beautification Act of 1965, 245
Highway Trust Fund, 245
Hill, Anita, 297
Hills, Carla Anderson, 265
Hitchcock, Gilbert, 152
Hobby, Oveta Culp, 218
Holliday, Judy, 219
Holloway, Laura (Ladies of the White House), 96–97, 361n7
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 93
Hoover, Allan, 179
Hoover, Herbert, 126, 176–88
as food administrator, 180–81
life in China, 178–79
presidency, 177, 182–83
as secretary of commerce, 181–82
Hoover, Ike, 131
Hoover, Lou Henry, xiv, 59, 157, 158, 176–88, 228, 242, 327, 353
death, 184
as First Lady, 177, 182–84
life in China, 178–79
studies, 159
Hopkins, Harry, 197, 198
Horowitz, David (The Kennedys: An American Drama), 362n9
Hosmer, Harriet, 138
House Rules Committee, 245
Houston, Jean, 315
Howe, Louis, 193
Hoyt, Mary Finch, 271, 363n24
Hubbard, Robert J., 35
Hubbell, Webster, 302
Hughes, Charles Evans, 168, 169
Hughes, Karen, 328
Hughes, Langston, 327
Humphrey, Hubert, 248
Humphrey, Muriel, 224
Ickes, Harold, 196, 197
Independent Review, 252
Independent Woman, 215
Inman, Henry, 43
International Women’s Day, 328
Iraq war, 331, 332
Ireland, Patricia, 313
Irving, Washington, 14
It Takes a Village and Other Lessons Our Children Teach Us (Clinton), 314
Jackson, Andrew, xviii, 4, 34–40, 62, 63–64
marriage, 37–38
presidency, 34–35, 40
vice presidency, 42–43
Jackson, Rachel, 36–40, 62, 278
death, 40
marriage, 37–38
Jaffray, Elizabeth, 133, 147, 151
James, Henry
Pandora, 93–94
Javits, Marion, 253
Jefferson, Martha Wayles Skelton, 13, 27
Jefferson, Thomas, xix, xx, 12, 27, 31, 36, 40, 41
Jenkins, Walter, 244
Jenkinsism, xx
John Powers Agency, 266
Johns Hopkins Medical School, 111
Johnson, Andrew
impeachment, 57–58
vice presidency, 56
Johnson, Claudia Alta Taylor (Lady Bird), xix, 152, 224, 231, 234–48, 271, 289, 310, 331, 336, 344
beautification project, 242–43
as congressional wife, 237–39
courtship, 236
early life, 235–36
as First Lady, 241–48
honorary chairman of Headstart program, 243
marriage, 234, 236
Johnson, Eliza McCardle, xiv, 36, 45, 48, 56–58
illness, 56
impeachment of Andrew, 57–58
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 233–48, 340
Civil Rights Act of 1964, 247
congressional life, 237–39
Highway Beautification Act of 1965, 245
marriage, 234, 236
presidency, 241–48
vice presidency, 240–41
Vietnam War, 245–46
Voting Rights Act of 1965, 247–48
“Just Say No to Drugs,” 310
Kaufman, George S., 362n7
Kemble, Fanny, 42, 51
Kemp, Jack, 285
Kennedy, Caroline, 353
Kennedy, Edward, 272, 326
Kennedy, Jacqueline Bouvier, xiv, xvi, 217, 224–34, 241, 242, 246, 255, 277, 281, 316, 362n9
early years, 226
as First Lady, 226–32
participation in televised tour of White House, 229
widowhood, 233–34
Kennedy, John F., 204, 213, 227–34, 257, 294, 304
assassination, 233
Commission on the Status of Women, 233
presidency, 227–32
Kennedy, Robert F., 231, 248
Cuban missile crisis (1962), 294
Kennedy, Rose, 232
Kennedy, Ted, 304
Kerry, John, 336
Kitt, Eartha, 245–46
Klemesrud, Judy, 275
Kling, Amos, 160, 161
Knoxville Argus, 63
Koenig, Louis, 116
Kristol, William, 345
Krock, Arthur, 199
Kyi, Aung San Suu, 329
Ladies’ Home Journal, 110, 181, 123, 132, 142
Ladies of the White House (Holloway), 96–97
Lady Washington, the term, xv. See also First Lady(ies); Presidentress
Lafayette, Marie-Adrienne, 28
Lafayette, Marquis de, 26, 28
Lamberth, Royce C., 310
Lane, Harriet, 40, 43–45, 56
language, 41
Lape, Esther, 192
Lash, Joseph, 190, 197, 205, 222
Lathrop, Julia, 135
Latrobe, Benjamin, 14
Laura Bush Foundation for America’s Libraries, 326
Laxalt, Paul, 284
Lazio, Rick, 318
League of Nations, 153, 154
League of Women Voters, 192
Lear, Tobias, 7
Lee, Robert E., 81
Legal Services Corporation, 305
Lehman, Herbert, 222
Leslie’s Magazine, 73
Lewinsky, Monica, 315
Lewis, David Levering, 326
Lewis, John L., 200
Life, 300
“Li
fe Saving Station,” 95
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, 354
Limerick, Patricia Nelson, 327
Lincoln, Abraham, xx, 70–76, 101
assassination, 56, 76
marriage, 72
presidency, 72–76
Lincoln, Mary Todd, xiv, xvi, 36, 56, 59, 60, 70–80, 111
courtship, 78
in Europe, 76
family, 71
as First Lady, 76
marriage, 72
mental problems, 78–79
stories of treachery, 73, 74–75
widowhood, 76–77
Lincoln, Robert, 76, 78, 79
Lincoln, Thomas (Tad), 76, 77
Lindbergh, Charles, 200
Liston, Henrietta, 9
Literary Club, 94
Livermore, Mary, 87
Lockwood, Belva, 338
Longworth, Alice Roosevelt, 134, 162, 165, 186, 187, 192
Longworth, Nicholas, 123
Look, 217
Louchheim, Katie, 230
Lowell, Josephine Shaw, 88
Luce, Clare Booth, 214
Lyons, Leonard, 214
Madison, Dolley Payne Todd, xix–xx, 12, 13–17, 18, 22, 26, 27–28, 43, 44, 45
as First Lady, 17
hostess to Thomas Jefferson, 12, 13
marriage to James Madison, 13
Madison, James, xix–xx, 14, 14
marriage, 13
as secretary of state, 12
war on Great Britain (1812), 15
Mangione, Jerre, 197
Manning, Helen Taft, 135–36
Marcos, Ferdinand, 284
Marion Star, 160
Marshall, George C., 200, 216
Marshall, Thomas R., xvii
Mawr, Bryn, 86
McAdoo, Eleanor Wilson, 150
McBride, Anita, 330
McCaffree, Mary Jane, 220, 223
McCain, Cindy, 337, 346
McCain, John, 340, 341
presidential campaign, 344, 345–46
McCall’s, 215
McCarthy, Abigail, xvi, 234, 262, 267
McCarthy, Eugene, 248, 262, 299
McClure’s, 122
McCormack, Ellen, 339
McElroy, Mary, 104
McKell, Phebe, 96
McKinley, Ida Saxton, 58, 111–15, 117, 320
early years, 112
as First Lady, 113–14, 115
illness, 112
marriage, 112–13
widowhood, 114
McKinley, William, 112–14, 128
assassination, 114
governorship, 113
marriage, 112–13
presidency, 113–14
Spanish-American War and, 114
McLean, Edward, 165
McLean, Evalyn Walsh, 162–63, 167, 168
Mead, Margaret, xvi–xvii, 230
Means, Marianne, 208
Memoirs, 117, 252
Mental Health Systems Act, 272
Mercer, Lucy, 192
Mexican-American War, 48
Miller, Merle, 216
Millie’s Book as Dictated to Barbara Bush, 290–91
Mills, Elijah, 365n83
Mobile Alabama Press, 186
Mondale, Walter, 283, 296
Money, 307
Monroe, Elizabeth Kortright, 17–20, 22, 35, 36, 181, 215
as First Lady, 18–19, 28–29
illness, 45
Monroe, James, xiv, 17, 27, 228
criticism on mishandling furniture purchases, 19
in France, 19, 28
as minister to France, 28
presidency, 18–19, 28–29
as secretary of state, 18
Monroe, Maria, 18
Monroe, Marilyn, 219
Montgomery, John R., 42
Moore, Mary Tyler, 267
Morgan, Marabel
The Total Woman, 279
Mott, Lucretia, 68
Moynihan, Patrick, 317
Mr. Madison’s War, 15
“Mr. President,” 4
Mrs. President, the term, xv. See also First Lady(ies)
MS Foundation for Women, 306
Mt. Vernon Banner, 69
Mundy, Liza, 349
Murray, Judith Sargent, 25
Murray, Patty, 297
Murrow, Edward R., 225
“Person-to-Person” program, 229
My Turn, 284
Nation, 114
National Amateur Athletic Association, 181
National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs, 87
National Book Festival, 325–26
National Broadcasting Company, 185, 383n146
National Collection of Fine Arts, 44
National Council of Jewish Women, 87
National Equal Rights Party, 338
National Federation of Business and Professional Women’s Clubs, 222–23
National Gallery, 227
National Institute of Health, 208
National Library, 115
National Organization of Women (NOW), 313
National Park Service, 239
National Review, 352
National Union, 91
National Woman’s Party, 201
National Youth Administration, 198, 200
New Deal, xv, 196, 201
New International Dictionary, 361n7
Newsweek, 224, 311
new woman, xx, 88
New World Foundation, 305–6
New York Art Students’ League, 138
New Yorker, The, 171, 227, 308, 312–13
New York Herald, 91
New York Post, 326
New York Press Club, 87
New York Review of Books, 303
(New York) State Factory Investigating Commission, 201
New York Telegram, 166
New York Times, 49, 105, 144, 150, 186, 196, 211, 213, 216, 229, 234, 266, 273, 275, 283, 309, 311, 313, 314, 326, 328, 329, 332, 343, 356
New York True Sun, 47
Nitze, Paul, 300
Nixon, Julie, 255–56
Nixon, Richard, xviii, 223, 248, 262, 312
presidency, 252–57
resignation, 302
retirement, 257
vice presidency, 252
Watergate, 256
Nixon, Thelma Ryan (Pat), 224–25, 248, 260, 264, 289, 328
early life, 249–50
as First Lady, 252–57
Right to Read program, 249
Nixon, Tricia, 229
Norton, Mary Beth, 25, 363n16
Notable American Women, 112
NOW. See National Organization of Women (NOW)
Nussbaum, Bernard, 312
Obama, Barack Hussein, 340, 342
Dreams from My Father, 351
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act and, 354
presidency, 347, 352–57
presidential campaign, 344
Obama, Michelle Robinson, 333, 337
directorship of Public Allies, 350
early life, 348–50
as First Lady, 347, 352–57
O’Brien, Patricia, 312
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 296
Odum, Reathel, 211
O’Hagan, Ann, 157
Olivia. See Briggs, Emily
Onassis, Aristotle, 231
Organization of American Historians, 363n23
Owen, Ruth Bryan, 201
Palin, Sarah, 345
campaign, 344–45
vice presidential nomination, 335
Palmer, Mitchell, 153
Pandora, 93–94
Parnis, Mollie, 219
Patterson, Bradley H., 342
Patterson, Martha Johnson, 40, 57
Paul, Alice, 148, 149
Peace Corps, 298
Peck, Mary Hulbert, 141
Pelosi, Nancy, 335
Pendergast, James, 210
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 142
People, 308, 334
“Peo
ple, Parties and Protocol,” 275
pep Committee, 250, 252
PEPFAR. See President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)
Perez, Anna, 290
perfect wife, 215
Perilous Life of a Senator’s Wife (Proxmire), 262
Perkins, Frances, 182, 196, 201, 206
as secretary of labor, 196
Perot, Ross, 292
Peterson, Esther, 233
Peterson’s Magazine, 69
Philadelphia’s Academy of Fine Arts, 141
Philadelphia Times, 92
Pictorial Review, 171
Pierce, Bennie, 53, 55
Pierce, Franklin, 53–55, 64
presidency, 53, 54–55
Pierce, Jane, 36, 48, 53–55
as First Lady, 53, 54–55
illness, 54
married life, 54
Pierce, Marvin, 285
Pierce, Pauline Robinson, 285
Pierpoint, Robert C., 250–51, 252
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 11
Plain Speaking, 216
“Poetry and the American Voice,” 330
Poitiers, Diane de, 23
Polk, James, 11, 44, 60–70
Chairman of the House Committee on Foreign Relations, 62
death, 68
marriage, 61
presidency, 64, 65–68
as Speaker of the House of Representatives, 62
Polk, Sarah Childress, xiv, xx, 36, 48, 59, 60–70, 78, 92
studies, 61
as First Lady, 64, 65–68
lament, 336
married life, 61–63
in Washington, 63
widowhood, 68–70
Poll, Gallup, 195
Poore, Ben Perley, 93, 95
Powell, Adam Clayton, 214
Pravda, 274
Preserve America, 332
President’s Council on Mental Health, 272
President’s Daughter, The (Britten), 164
President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), 328
Presidentress, the term, xv. See also First Lady(ies)
Prospect, 349
Proxmire, Ellen
Perilous Life of a Senator’s Wife, 262
Pryor, Sarah Agnes, 36, 55, 44–45
PTA, 87
Public Allies, 350
Quayle, Marilyn, 292
race(ism), 326–27, 349–50
Racial equality, 337
Radcliffe, Donnie, 302
Rampersad, Arnold, 327
Random House Dictionary, The, 361n7
Rankin, Jeannette, 136, 336
“Reach Out and Read” program, 324
Read, Elizabeth, 192
“Ready to Read, Ready to Learn,” 325
“Ready to Read” program, 324
Reagan, Nancy Davis, xvii, 4, 153, 260, 277–84, 309, 343, 362n13
“Associate Presidency,” xviii
Foster Grandparents program and, 281
“Just Say No to Drugs,” 310
My Turn and, 284
Reagan, Ronald, xix, 153, 260, 273, 276, 277–84, 296
assassination attempt on, 281
cancer, 283
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 177
Redbook, 230
Red Cross, 150, 194
Reedy, George E., xvi
Regan, Donald
For the Record, 284