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The Zhivago Affair: The Kremlin, the CIA, and a Forbidden Book

Page 38

by Peter Finn


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  Medvedev, Roy. Khrushchev. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.

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  Meyer, Cord. Facing Reality: From World Federation to the CIA. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1980.

  Montefiore, Simon Sebag. Stalin. The Court of the Red Tsar. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 2004.

  Muravina, Nina. Vstrechi s Pasternakom (Meetings with Pasternak). Tenafly, NJ: Ermitazh, 1990.

  O’Casey, Sean. The Letters of Sean O’Casey, 1955–1958. Edited by David Krause. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press,1989.

  Orlova, Raisa. Memoirs. New York: Random House, 1983.

  Pasternak, Alexander. A Vanished Present: The Memoirs of Alexander Pasternak. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985.

  Pasternak, Boris. Doctor Zhivago. Translated by Max Hayward and Manya Harari. New York: Pantheon Books, 1958.

  ———. Doctor Zhivago. Translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky. New York: Pantheon Books, 2010.

  ———. Family Correspondence 1921–1960. Translated by Nicolas Pasternak Slater. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 2010.

  ———. I Remember: Sketch for an Autobiography. New York: Pantheon, 1959.

  ———. Lettres à mes amies françaises (1956–1960). Introduction and notes by Jacqueline de Proyart. Paris: Gallimard, 1994.

  ———. Letters to Georgian Friends. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1967.

  ———. Poems. Moscow: Raduga Publishers, 1990.

  ———. Poems of Boris Pasternak. Trans. Lydia Pasternak Slater. London: Unwin, 1984.

  ———. Polnoe Sobranie Sochinenii (Complete Collected Works). 11 Vols. Edited by Yevgeni and Yelena Pasternak. Moscow: Slovo, 2003–5.

  ———. Safe Conduct. New York: New Directions, 1959.

  ———. Vtoroe Rozhdenie. Pisma k Z.N. Pasternak. Z.N. Pasternak, Vospominaniya. Sostavlenie i podgotovka teksta, N. Pasternak, M. Feinberg (Second Birth. Letters to Z. N. Pasternak. Z. N. Pasternak, Memoirs). Edited by N. Pasternak and M. Feinberg. Moscow: Dom-muzei Borisa Pasternaka, 2010.

  ———. Selected Writings and Letters. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1990.

  Pasternak, Boris, and Freidenberg, Olga. The Correspondence of Boris Pasternak and Olga Freidenberg, 1910–1954. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1982.

  Pasternak, Boris, and Kurt Wolff. Im Meer der Hingabe: Briefwechsel 1958–1960 (In A Sea of Devotion: Correspondence 1958–1960). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2007.

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  ———. Ponyatoe i obretyonnoe, stat’i i vospominaniya (The Understood and Found, Articles and Memoirs). Moscow: Tri Kvadrata, 2009.

  Pasternak, Zinaida. Vospominaniya. In Pasternak, Boris. Vtoroe Rozhdenie.

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  Puzikov, Alexander. Budni i prazdniki: Iz zapisok glavnogo redaktora (Weekdays and Holidays: From the Notes of an Editor-in-Chief). Moscow: Khudozhestvennaya Literatura, 1994.

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  Reisch, Alfred A. Hot Books in the Cold War: The CIA-Funded Secret Western Book Distribution Program Behind the Iron Curtain. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2013.

  Richmond, Yale. Cultural Exchange & The Cold War. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2003.

  Ruder, Cynthia. Making History for Stalin. The Story of the Belomor Canal. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998.

  Ruge, Gerd. Pasternak: A Pictorial Biography. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1959.

  Rydell, Robert R. World of Fairs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

  Sarnov, Benedikt. Stalin i pisateli (Stalin and the Writers). Moscow: Eksmo, 2008.

  Saunders, Francis Stonor. The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters. New York: The New Press, 2001.

  Schewe, Heinz. Pasternak privat (Private Pasternak). Hamburg: Hans Christians Verlag, 1974.

  Schiff, Stacy. Vera (Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov): Portrait of a Marriage. New York: Random House, 1999.

  Schweitzer, Renate. Freundschaft mit Boris Pasternak (Friendship with Boris Pasternak). Munich: Verlag Kurt Desch, 1963.

  Semichastny, Vladimir. Bespokoynoe serdtse (Restless Heart). Moscow: Vagrius, 2002.

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  ———. Trotsky. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009.

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  Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr. The Mortal Danger. How Misconceptions About Russia Imperil America. New York: HarperCollins, 1986.

  ———. The Oak and the Calf. New York: Harper & Row, 1979.

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  Tolstoy, Ivan. Doktor Zhivago: novye fakty i nakhodki v Nobelevskom arkhive (Doctor Zhivago: New facts and Finds in the Nobel Archive). Prague: Human Rights Publishers, 2010.

  ———. Otmytyi roman Pasternaka, “Doctor Zhivago” mezhdu KGB i TsRU (Pasternak’s Laundered Novel: Doctor Zhivago Between the KGB and the CIA). Moscow: Vremya, 2009.

  Trento, Joseph J. The Secret History of the CIA. New York: Basic Books, 2001.

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  Tsvetaeva, Marina. Art in the Light of Conscience: Eight Essays on Poetry. Translated by Angela Livingstone. Northumberland, UK: Bloodaxe Books, 2010.

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  ———. Subcommittee to investigate the administration of the Internal Security Act, Committee on the Judiciary. Karlin Testimony. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1969.

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  Vil’mont, Nikolai. O Borise Pasternake, vospominaniya i mysli (On Boris Pasternak, Memories and Thoughts). Moscow: Sovetskii pisatel’, 1989.

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  Vos, Chris. De Geheime Dienst: Verhalen over de BVD (The Secret Service: Stories about the BVD). Amsterdam: Boom, 2005.

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  Yemelyanova, Irina. Legendy Potapovskogo pereulka (Legends of Potapov Street). Moscow: Ellis Lak, 1997.

  ———. Pasternak i Ivinskaya: provoda pod tokom (Pasternak and Ivinskaya: Live Wires). Moscow: Vagrius, 2006.

  Yesipov, Valery. Shalamov. Moscow: Molodaya Gvardiya, 2012.

  Yevtushenko, Yevgeni. Shesti-desantnik, memuarnaya proza (Memoirs). Moscow: Ast Zebra, 2008.

  ———. A Precocious Autobiography. London: Collins and Harvill Press, 1963.

  Zubok, Vladislav. Zhivago’s Children: The Last Russian Intelligentsia. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009.

  Index

  Abakumov, Viktor, 4.1, 4.2

  Adolf-Nadezhdina, Nadezhda

  Adzhubei, Alexei, 14.1, 14.2, 16.1

  AEDINOSAUR

  Agapov, Boris

  Agnelli, Gianni

  Akhmatova, Anna, prl.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 10.1, 13.1, 15.1

  and Mandelstam, 2.1, 3.1

  and Pasternak’s poems

  persecution of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 13.1

  poems by

  Zhivago unappreciated by

  Alicata, Mario, 7.1, 7.2

  Allén, Sture

  Alliluyeva, Anna

  Alliluyeva, Nadya

  Amado, Jorge

  American Committee for Cultural Freedom

  American Committee for Liberation, 8.1, 8.2

  Angleton, James Jesus

  Asmus, Valentin

  Babel, Isaak, prl.1, 2.1

  Balzac, Honoré

  Bannikov, Nikolai

  Baratashvili, Nikoloz, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1

  Bedford Publishing Company, 8.1, aft.1

  Beek, Rudy van der, 9.1, 9.2

  Bellow, Saul

  Benedettis

  Ben-Gurion, David

  Berlin, Isaiah, prl.1, 2.1, 2.2, 14.1

  visits with Pasternak, prl.1, prl.2, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1

  Zhivago manuscript handed to

  Bernstein, Leonard

  Biblioteca Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, Milan, 6.1, 7.1

  Blake, Patricia

  Blixen, Karen (Dinesen)

  Bolsheviks, 1.1, 1.2, 7.1, 8.1

  anti-Bolsheviks, prl.1, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1

  show trials of

  Bowra, Cecil Maurice

  Brecht, Bertolt

  Brodsky, Joseph

  Brown, Anthony, 13.1, 14.1

  Brussels World’s Fair, see World’s Fair

  Brzezinski, Zbigniew

  Buckley, William F. Jr.

  Buck, Pearl

  Bukharin, Nikolai, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4

  Bunin, Ivan

  Calvino, Italo, 6.1, 10.1

  Camus, Albert, 8.1, 10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1

  Carlisle, Olga

  Carter, Jimmy

  Carver, David

  Castro, Fidel

  Central Association of Post-War Émigrés (TsOPE)

  Chekhov, Anton

  Chernyshevsky, Nikolai, What Is to Be Done?, prl.1

  Chopin, Frédéric

  Christie, Julie

  Chukovskaya, Lydia, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 15.2

  Chukovskaya, Yelena

  Chukovsky, Kornei, prl.1, prl.2, 2.1, 5.1, 10.1, 13.1, 15.1

  and Nobel Prize, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1, 13.2

  and Pasternak’s finances, 13.1, 16.1

  and Pasternak’s health, 10.1, 10.2

  and Zhivago, 3.1, 7.1, 11.1

  Chukovsky, Nikolai, 3.1, 11.1

  CIA

  AEDINOSAUR

  balloons into East Germany

  in Cold War, 8.1, 14.1, aft.1

  covert operations of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.1

  creation of

  expansion of

  front and sponsored organizations of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.1, 9.2, 14.1, aft.1

  and Khrushchev’s “Secret Speech,”

  literature used in, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 14.1, aft.1

  and Nobel Prize, 8.1, 12.1, 14.1

  propaganda originating in, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4

  secrecy demanded by

  Soviet Russia Division, prl.1, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 14.1

  Truman’s opposition to

  and youth festival

  Zhivago affair exploited by, 12.1, 14.1

  and Zhivago manuscript, prl.1, 8.1, 9.1

  and Zhivago rights, 9.1, 9.2

  and Zhivago Russian-language editions, prl.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2, 16.1, aft.1

  Cini, Walter, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, aft.1

  Cohen, Elliot

  Colby, William

  Cold War

  atomic threat in

  and Brussels World’s Fair, 9.1, 9.2

  and CIA, see CIA

  contact limited in

  containment in

  cultural events in, 9.1, 14.1

  literature as weapon in, prl.1, prl.2, 3.1, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, aft.1

  and Nobel Prize, prl.1, 4.1

  power of ideas in, 8.1, aft.1

  “thaw” in, prl.1, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2

  Western culture debased in

  College of International Jurists, Moscow

  Communist Party

  abandoned by intelligentsia, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1

  Central Committee of, 3.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 13.1, 15.1

  and Hungarian invasion

  International Communists, 7.1, 12.1

  in Italy, prl.1, prl.2, prl.3, 6.1, 6.2

  Komsomol

  and Pasternak, prl.1, 11.1, 15.1

  and youth festival

  Congress for Cultural Freedom

  Congress of Soviet Writers, 2.1, 2.2, 8.1, 13.1, 14.1

  Conquest, Robert

  Corriere della Sera,

  Crossman, R.H.S.

  Crusade for Freedom, 8.1, 8.2

  Cuba, Feltrinelli’s visits to

  Daily Mail (London), 13.1, 14.1

  Daily Worker,

  Dalos, György

  D’Angelo, Sergio

  and attempts to retrieve Zhivago manuscript

  initial visit with Pasternak, prl.1, prl.2, prl.3, prl.4, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1

  and Ivinskaya, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3

  memoir of />
  and Pasternak’s finances, 13.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6

  Zhivago manuscript given to Feltrinelli by, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2

  and Zhivago publication

  Daniel, Yuli, 15.1, aft.1

  Del Bo, Giuseppe

  DeMille, Cecil B.

  Dimanche,

  Dinesen, Isak (Blixen)

  Đjilas, Milovan

  Doctor Zhivago (film), prl.1, 16.1

  Doctor Zhivago (Pasternak)

  as best seller, prl.1, 7.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1

  black market sales in Russia

  and CIA, prl.1, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 12.1, 14.1, aft.1

  completion of

  copies given out by Pasternak, prl.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1

  critical reviews of, 7.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2

  delays in publication of, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1, 11.1, 16.1

  distribution at World’s Fair, 9.1, 9.2, 14.1, 14.2, aft.1

  distribution at youth festival, 14.1, 14.2, aft.1

  Feltrinelli’s contracts with Pasternak for, 6.1, 16.1, 16.2

  film rights for, 16.1, 16.2

  hero of, see Zhivago, Yuri

  Lara’s character in, 1.1, 4.1, 16.1, 16.2

  media attention to, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 13.1, 14.1

  miniature edition of, 14.1, 14.2, aft.1

  negotiation for Soviet publication of, 6.1, 7.1

  and Nobel Prize, prl.1, prl.2, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1

  official changes to, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 14.1

  original manuscript of

  parallel universe of, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 7.1, 13.1

  Pasternak’s assignment of rights to, prl.1, 6.1, 6.2, 13.1

  Pasternak’s hopes for, prl.1, prl.2, prl.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 9.1, 11.1

  poems in, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 15.1, 15.2

  political attacks on, 3.1, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 13.1

  politically undesirable content of, prl.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1

  as political weapon, prl.1, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1

  private and home readings of, 5.1, 11.1, 12.1

  readers’ reception of, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1

  rights for, prl.1, prl.2, 6.1, 6.2, 9.1, 9.2, 13.1, 16.1

  royalties for, 6.1, 7.1, 13.1, 13.2, 15.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4

  Russian-language editions of, prl.1, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2

  Soviet censorship of

 

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