Gallipoli
Page 60
IWM Docs: I. Kirkpatrick, typescript account, pp. 31–2.
56.
IWM Docs: I. Kirkpatrick, typescript account, pp. 32–3.
57.
IWM Docs: I. Kirkpatrick, typescript account, pp. 33–4.
58.
IWM Docs: I. Kirkpatrick, typescript account, p. 34.
59.
I. Hamilton, Gallipoli Diary, Vol. II (London: Edward Arnold, 1920), p. 117.
60.
IWM Docs: G. Dawnay, manuscript letter, 12/8/1915.
61.
I. Hamilton, quoted by C. F. Aspinall-Oglander, Military Operations Gallipoli, Vol. II (London: William Heinemann Ltd, 1932), p. 325.
16. 21 August 1915: A Useless Gesture
1.
S. Gillon, The KOSB in the Great War (London: Thomas Nelson & Sons Ltd, 1930), p. 162.
2.
I. H. Sunata, translated by ‘Reha’, Geliboludan Kafkaslara, (Is Bankasi Publications) Axis History Forum: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=80&t=153416&start=15.
3.
E. Y. Priestman, With a BP Scout in Gallipoli: A Record of the Belton Bulldogs (London: George Routledge & Sons, 1916), pp. 181–2.
4.
I. H. Sunata, translated by ‘Reha’, Geliboludan Kafkaslara (Is Bankasi Publications), Axis History Forum: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=80&t=153416&start=15.
5.
William Wedgwood Benn, In the Side Shows (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919), pp. 25–6.
6.
William Wedgwood Benn, In the Side Shows (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919), p. 26.
7.
IWM Docs: H. Davis, transcript letter, 8/1918.
8.
IWM Docs: C. C. M. Millis, manuscript diary, 21/8/1915.
9.
William Wedgwood Benn, In the Side Shows (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919), p. 28.
10.
William Wedgwood Benn, In the Side Shows (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919), pp. 28–9.
11.
IWM Docs: C. C. M. Millis, manuscript diary, 21/8/1915.
12.
William Wedgwood Benn, In the Side Shows (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919), pp. 31–2.
13.
I. H. Sunata, translated by ‘Reha’, Geliboludan Kafkaslara (Is Bankasi Publications) Axis History Forum: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=80&t=153416&start=15.
14.
H. G. Loughran, ‘4th Brigade’s Inland Movement against the Turks’, Reveille, 1/8/1932, pp. 36 & 52.
15.
H. C. Ford, ‘With the 13th Battalion: August in Gallipoli’, Reveille, 1/8/1932, p. 65.
16.
S. C. E. Herring, ‘Three Waves: Dash for Hill 60’, Reveille, 1/8/1932, p. 54.
17.
H. G. Loughran, ‘4th Brigade’s Inland Movement Against the Turks’, Reveille, 1/8/1932, p. 52.
18.
R. H. Boyden, ‘Family Quotas’, Reveille, 1/9/1938, p. 32.
19.
R. H. Boyden, ‘Family Quotas’, Reveille, 1/9/1938, pp. 32–3.
20.
H. M. Macnee, ‘Hand to Hand: Heavy Bomb Fight’, Reveille, 1/8/1932, p. 71.
21.
H. Throssell, quoted by B. Manera, ‘Hill 60 – The Last Battle: 29 August 1915: http://www.awm.gov.au/events/conference/gallipoli_symposium/manera.asp#34.
22.
IWM Docs: J. McIlwain, diary, 28/8/1915.
23.
H. Throssell, quoted by S. Snelling, VCs of the First World War: Gallipoli (Stroud: Sutton Publishing, 1995), p. 224.
17. Should They Stay or Should They Go?
1.
IWM Docs: C. E. Caldwell, letter to A. Lynden-Bell, 2/12/1915.
2.
I am greatly indebted to Rhys Crawley who helped me develop this analysis of the August operations. See R. Crawley, ‘The Myths of August at Gallipoli’, in C. Stockings (ed.), Zombie Myths of Australian Military History (Sydney: UNSW Press, 2010), pp. 50–69.
3.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 46.
4.
C. Allanson, typescript diary, p. 36.
5.
C. Lister, quoted by Lord Ribblesdale, Charles Lister: Letters and Recollections (London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd, 1917), pp. 226–7.
6.
Chaplain Mayne, quoted by Lord Ribblesdale, Charles Lister: Letters and Recollections (London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd, 1917), pp. 16–17.
7.
E. Raymond, The Story of My Days (London: Cassell, 1968), pp. 131–2.
8.
IWM Docs: C. Foster, typescript letters, p. 82.
9.
IWM Docs: G. R. Hughes, typescript account, pp. 14–15.
10.
National Army Museum: V. Coates, typescript letter, 22/9/1915.
11.
IWM Docs: N. Burge, manuscript letter, 11/10/1915.
12.
IWM Docs: R. Sheldon, typescript account, p. 56.
13.
IWM Docs: N. King-Wilson, typescript account, ‘Jottings of an MO’, p. 19.
14.
G. Davidson, The Incomparable 29th and the River Clyde (Aberdeen: James Gordon Bisset, 1920), p. 198.
15.
J. Ewing, quoted by R. R. Thompson, The Fifty-second (Lowland) Division (Glasgow: Maclehose, Jackson & Co., 1923), p. 131.
16.
J. Gallishaw, Trenching at Gallipoli (New York: A. L. Burt Company, 1916), pp. 199–200.
17.
IWM Docs: N. Tattersall, diary, 19/8/1915.
18.
IWM Docs: C. A. Cooke, typescript diary, 7/8/1915.
19.
IWM Docs: A. Crookenden, typescript letters, 3/10/1915.
20.
C. R. Attlee, War Memoirs, copy supplied by J. Sheldon from the South Lancashire Regiment Archives.
21.
IWM Docs: C. A. Cooke, typescript diary, 11/9/1915.
22.
I. Hamilton, Gallipoli Diary, Vol. II (London: Edward Arnold, 1920), p. 249.
23.
IWM Docs: C. E. Caldwell, letter to A. Lynden-Bell, 22/10/1915.
24.
IWM Docs: A. Lynden-Bell, typescript account, pp. 1–2.
25.
IWM Docs: A. Lynden-Bell, typescript account, p. 2.
26.
C. C. Monro, ‘First Despatch’, London Gazette, 10/4/1916 (3rd Supplement).
27.
C. C. Monro, ‘First Despatch’, London Gazette, 10/4/1916 (3rd Supplement).
28.
W. L. S. Churchill, World Crisis, 1911–1918, Vol. II (London: Odhams Press, 1938), p. 908.
29.
IWM Docs: A. Lynden-Bell, letter to C. E. Caldwell, 12/1915.
30.
IWM Docs: A. Lynden-Bell, typescript account, p. 7.
18. The Beginning of the End
1.
H. Kannengiesser, translated by C. J. P. Ball, The Campaign in Gallipoli (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1927), p. 245.
2.
IWM Docs: G. R. Hughes, typescript account, p. 53.
3.
IWM Docs: N. King-Wilson, typescript account, ‘Jottings of an MO’, p. 28.
4.
C. R. Attlee, War Memoirs, copy supplied by J. Sheldon from the South Lancashire Regiment Archives.
5.
P. Ashton, quoted by C. H. Dudley-Ward, History of the 53rd (Welsh) Division, 1914–1918 (Cardiff: Western Mail Ltd, 1927), pp. 47–8.
6.
P. Ashton, quoted by C. H. Dudley-Ward, History of the 53rd (Welsh) Division, 1914–1918 (Cardiff: Western Mail Ltd, 1927), p. 48.
7.
P. Ashton, quoted by C. H. Dudley-Ward, History of the 53rd (Welsh) Division, 1914–1918 (Cardiff: Western Mail Ltd, 1927), p. 49.
8.
C. Allanson, ‘Gallipoli Diary’, Reveille, 1/4/1938, p. 80.
9.
P. J. Gething, ‘The Flood’, The Ga
llipolian, no. 11, p. 20.
10.
IWM Docs: W. Barron, typescript account, p. 2.
11.
C. R. Attlee, War Memoirs, copy supplied by J. Sheldon from the South Lancashire Regiment Archives.
12.
IWM Docs: T. P. Watson, manuscript letter, 2/12/1915.
13.
IWM Docs: N. King-Wilson, typescript account, ‘Jottings of an MO’, pp. 30–31.
14.
IWM Docs: A. J. Gilbertson, manuscript diary, 29/11/1915.
15.
M. Fasih, Gallipoli 1915: Bloody Ridge (Lone Pine) Diary of Lieutenant Mehmed Fasih (Istanbul: Denizler Jitasbevi, 2001), pp. 139–40.
16.
M. Fasih, Gallipoli 1915: Bloody Ridge (Lone Pine) Diary of Lieutenant Mehmed Fasih (Istanbul: Denizler Jitasbevi, 2001), pp. 148–9.
17.
IWM Docs: A. Lynden-Bell, letter to C. E. Caldwell, 12/1915.
18.
O. L. von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey (Nashville, Tennessee: The Battery Press, 2000), p. 96.
19.
IWM Docs: T. P. Watson, manuscript letter, 13/12/1915.
20.
G. L. Scott, ‘The Evacuation of Anzac’, The Gallipolian, no. 16, p. 25.
21.
C. Allanson, ‘Gallipoli Diary’, Reveille, 1/4/1938, p. 80.
22.
IWM Docs: W. Campbell, typescript letter, 18/12/1915.
23.
IWM Docs: W. Campbell, typescript letter, 18/12/1915.
24.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: B. Holmes, TI 01, typescript transcript of interview, tape 250.
25.
IWM Docs: A. T. L. Richardson, typescript manuscript, ‘Last Days in Gallipoli’, pp. 19–20.
26.
IWM Docs: W. Campbell, typescript letter, 18/12/1915.
27.
W. C. Scurry, ‘The “Pop Off” Rifle: Inventor’s Story’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 30.
28.
IWM Docs: N. King-Wilson, typescript account, ‘Jottings of an MO’, pp. 38–9.
29.
W. H. Burrows, ‘Private Bullet: 16th Battalion’s Last Grave’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 17.
30.
G. L. Giguel, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 68.
31.
IWM Docs: G. Clifford, typescript account, ‘A Night in a Crater’, p. 1.
32.
A. Kay, quoted by N. Drum & R. Dowson, Hell Let Loose: The 1/7th (Salford) Territorial Battalion Lancashire Fusiliers, 1914–1915 (Radcliffe: Neil Richardson, 2005), p. 59.
33.
IWM Docs: G. Clifford, typescript account, ‘A Night in a Crater’.
34.
H. Kannengiesser, translated by C. J. P. Ball, The Campaign in Gallipoli (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1927), p. 245.
35.
C. R. Attlee, War Memoirs, copy supplied by J. Sheldon from the South Lancashire Regiment Archives.
36.
D. Brownrigg, Unexpected: A Book of Memories (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1942), p. 28.
37.
S. G. Savige, ‘Lone Pine Sector: 24th Battalion’s Goodbye’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 9.
38.
J. Monash, quoted by F. M. Cutlack, War Letters of General Monash (Australia: Angus & Robertson Ltd, 1934), pp. 98–9.
39.
S. G. Savige, ‘Lone Pine Sector: 24th Battalion’s Goodbye’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 9.
40.
J. P. Caddy, ‘The Last Shot at Anzac’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 38.
41.
W. C. Scurry, ‘The “Pop Off” Rifle: Inventor’s Story’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 30.
42.
S. G. Savige, ‘Lone Pine Sector: 24th Battalion’s Goodbye’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 9.
43.
S. G. Savige, ‘Lone Pine Sector: 24th Battalion’s Goodbye’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 60.
44.
Tolga Ornek Collection: H. Atif, diary, 19/12/1915, translated by G. Erginsoy, H. N. Beşe, R. D. Özbay and Y. Demirel.
45.
G. S. McIlroy, ‘Silent Stunts: Turks Outwitted’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 54.
46.
G. S. McIlroy, ‘Silent Stunts: Turks Outwitted’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 54.
47.
E. Worrall, http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-battles/ww1/anzac/evacuation.htm.
48.
W. C. Scurry, ‘The “Pop Off” Rifle: Inventor’s Story’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, pp. 30 & 39.
49.
S. G. Savige, ‘Lone Pine Sector: 24th Battalion’s Goodbye’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 60.
50.
J. P. Caddy, ‘The Last Shot at Anzac’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 38.
51.
A. H. Edwards, ‘The Evacuation of Anzac’, Reveille, 1/12/1936, p. 44.
52.
G. S. McIlroy, ‘Silent Stunts: Turks Outwitted’, Reveille, 1/12/1932, p. 54.
53.
A. H. Edwards, ‘The Evacuation of Anzac’, Reveille, 1/12/1936, p. 44.
54.
H. Kannengiesser, translated by C. J. P. Ball, The Campaign in Gallipoli (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1927), pp. 246–7.
55.
O. L. von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey (Nashville, Tennessee: The Battery Press, 2000), p. 99.
56.
See page 49.
57.
G. L. Scott, ‘The Evacuation of Anzac’, The Gallipolian, no. 16, p. 24.
19. Last Rites at Helles
1.
I. Heald, Ivan Heald: Hero and Humorist (London: C. Arthur Pearson Ltd, 1917), pp. 177–8.
2.
O. L. von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey (Nashville, Tennessee: The Battery Press, 2000), pp. 100–101.
3.
H. Feuille, Face aux Turcs: Gallipoli 1915 (Paris: Payot, 1934), pp. 173–5.
4.
D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure: The Autobiography of Douglas Jerrold (London: Right Book Club, 1938), p. 153.
5.
IWM DOCS: N. King-Wilson, typescript account, ‘Jottings of an MO’, p. 43.
6.
W. Robertson, From Private to Field Marshal (London: Constable & Co., 1921), p. 248.
7.
W. Robertson, From Private to Field Marshal (London: Constable & Co., 1921), p. 270.
8.
W. Sorley-Brown quoted by R. R. Thompson, The Fifty-second (Lowland) Division (Glasgow: Maclehose, Jackson & Co., 1923), pp. 216–17.
9.
G. L. Giguel, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 70.
10.
IWM Docs: E. F. Wettern, typescript account, pp. 25–6.
11.
Major Senftleben, quoted by H. Kannengiesser, translated by C. J. P. Ball, The Campaign in Gallipoli (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1927), pp. 91–2 & 95–6.
12.
O. L. von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey (Nashville, Tennessee: The Battery Press, 2000), pp. 101–2.
13.
IWM Docs, T. A. Andrus Collection: J. Y. Robinson, quoted in manuscript letter by N. Walker, 14/2/1916.
14.
Colonel Frank Walker was buried in Border Ravine close to his dugout, in a grave marked out with empty shell cases and a solid wooden cross edged in black and recording his name. Despite the efforts of his men the location of the grave was lost and he is now commemorated on the Helles Memorial.
15.
IWM Docs: E. F. Wettern, typescript account, p. 28.
16.
IWM Docs: W. Campbell, typescript letter, 9/1/1916.
17.
IWM Docs: N. Burge, manuscript letter, 4/1/1916.
18.
I. Heald, Ivan Heald: Hero and Humorist (London: C. Arthur Pearson Ltd, 1917), p. 176.
19.
I. Heald, Ivan Heald: Hero and Humorist (London: C. Arthur Pearson
Ltd, 1917), pp. 176–7.
20.
IWM Docs: T. C. Goulden, manuscript letter, 16/1/1916.
21.
IWM Docs: E. F. Wettern, typescript account, pp. 29–30.
22.
I. Heald, Ivan Heald: Hero and Humorist (London: C. Arthur Pearson Ltd, 1917), pp. 177–8.
23.
I. Heald, Ivan Heald: Hero and Humorist (London: C. Arthur Pearson Ltd, 1917), pp. 178–9.
24.
IWM Docs: N. Burge, manuscript letter, 10/1/1916.
25.
IWM Docs: N. Burge, manuscript letter, 10/1/1916.
26.
O. W. Steele, edited by D. R. Facey-Crowther, Lieutenant Owen William Steele of the Newfoundland Regiment (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2002), p. 123.