The Witches' Ointment
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Christianity, spiritual mutations of, 48
church, xvii, 5, 22, 28, 36, 45–49, 52,
54, 63, 72, 92, 112–13, 118, 130,
139–41, 148. 159, 164, 171, 174,
204, 206, 210
church magicians, spiritual beliefs of, 61
churchmen, 68, 149, 171, 173
Circe, 80, 197–98
Clerc, Jeanette, 179–80
clergy, 1, 3, 12, 56, 118, 128, 176–77,
193, 209
Cochrane, Robert, 203–04
Conrad of Marburg, 68–69
“Corrector,” 29, 31, 33, 44, 86, 132,
144. See also Burchard of Worms;
Decretum Burchardi
Council, 54, 64
of Ancyra, 165
of Basel, 147, 157, 164–65, 172, 179
of Paris, 19
of Rome (Lateran), 54
Third Lateran, of Rome, 47
Datura, 76–77, 96–103, 188, 195–96, 202
da Ponte, Oldradus, 157
Dauphiné, 109, 161, 166
d’ Auvergne, Guillaume, 155
David, Catherine, 118
deadly nightshade, 76–77, 83, 87,
92–95, 104, 106–7, 121, 126–27,
177, 195, 200, 203
de Beaufort, Payen, 171–72
de Bergamo, Giordano, 175
de Boyer, Jean-Baptiste, 200
de Bripio, Pierina, 35
de Chauliac, Guy, 106–7
Decretum Burchardi, 29
de Fraguliati, Sibillia, 34–36, 39, 45, 48
Dehn, Georg, 212
della Martin, Giacomo, 135
della Mirandola, Giovanni Francesco
Pico, 179
della Pieve, Filippa de Citta, 117–18
della Porta, Giambattista, 96, 99, 129,
182, 189, 195, 218
on witches’ ointments, 189–90, 195
See also Natural Magick
de Lucca, Hugo, 106
de Luzzi, Mondino, 12
demon, 1, 8, 22–23, 26, 28, 30–31,
36–38, 43–44, 52, 72, 112–13.
123–24, 132, 138, 145, 147–48,
150–51, 155, 157, 161–63, 165,
170, 176–77, 184. 189, 192, 194,
201–3, 206, 214
demonologist, xi, 3, 12, 98, 133–34,
175, 188–89, 191, 195–96, 207,
215, 218
demonology, 38, 160, 166
Demosthenes, 9, 14
De Praestigiis daemonum, 184, 190, 195
d’Estampes, Comte, 169
de Stipulis, Johannes, 163, 166
de Torquemada, Juan, 165
de Troyes, Chrétien, 139
devil, 1, 11, 21–22, 33–34, 42–43, 65,
84, 91, 96, 108, 122–23, 130–31,
135, 137, 143–44, 147–52,
155–58, 160–63, 166–70, 175,
177, 179–80, 182–84, 190–91,
193, 196–98, 200–202, 207, 209,
211, 218
as local spirit, 8, 22, 180
See also Satan
de Villa Nova, Arnaldus, 90, 106
Diana, 25–29, 31–32, 34, 36, 61,
72–73, 75, 145–47, 150–151, 167,
179, 210. See also Artemis
Dietrich of Niem, 141
di Francesco, Matteuccia (sorceress of
Todi), 8–9, 11–14, 17, 20–23, 25,
28, 40, 45, 72, 74–75, 77, 83, 114,
117, 121, 128, 131, 138, 144, 148,
152–53, 156, 158, 164, 166, 174,
179–80, 198, 204–7, 216
di Lello Petrone, Paolo, 135
Dioscorides, 10, 59, 77, 80, 85, 92, 97,
100–101, 187–88
di Setto, Anthony, 70–71
DMT (dimethyltriptamine), 21, 71
doctor, 8, 10, 13, 46, 90, 92, 98,
103–104, 110, 115, 119, 131, 173,
186–87, 208
Dominican, 34, 38, 70, 90, 117–18,
145, 165, 175–76, 178
drug, xv, xvii, 3–4, 8–11, 14–16,
18–21, 23, 25, 58–62, 67, 71, 75,
77–81, 83–85, 91, 95, 100,
102–103, 107, 112, 114–15,
117–28, 136, 145, 148, 150–55
Dubois, Jacques, 187–72
Ebers Papyrus, 77, 100, 104
Edictum Rothari, 41, 43
Egbert of Wessex, 19
Elbert (of Gelders), 119
Elinor of Grolea, 162
elixir, 5, 11, 18, 20, 74–75, 100, 107,
100, 121, 148, 186–87. See also
potion Ember Days, 32
Ember Weeks, 174
enchanter, 10, 19, 73, 130–31
enchanter’s nightshade, 94–95
enchantment, 19, 121, 124, 130, 138
entheogen, 67, 71–72, 114, 148
entheogenic
definition of, xviin
experience, 92, 125, 149
food and drink, 68
practices, xvii recipe, 124
use of toad secretions, 69
Epicurus, 200
Epiphanius, 59–60
Epiphany, Eve of, 70–71, 114
ergot, 108–10, 122–23
Errores Gazariorum, 163–65
Eve, 79, 150–51, 158
exemplum, 37, 148–49, 178, 190, 207
Eymeric, Nicholas, 157–58
Faber, Felix, 142
Feast of All Saints, 168
Fehlen, Johanna, 118
Félicie, Jacquelin, 13, 128
fertility, 26, 84, 161, 174, 193
drugs, 16
goddess, 27–28, 31, 45, 75, 161–67,
206
rites, 36, 159, 174
Finicella (Roman pediatrician),
129–31, 133–36, 152, 156, 158,
166, 177, 198, 217
flight, spiritual, 152, 173
folklore, 2, 3, 11, 29, 37, 45, 87, 91, 94,
114, 139, 212
folk of the keg, 73–74, 131, 144
food, heavenly 64–67, 74
Forestus, Petrus, 116
Formicarius, 132n, 146–49, 152, 175,
178, 207. See also Nider, Johannes
fortune teller, 26, 118
Fougeyron, Ponce, 163, 165
Franciscan, 98, 135, 163
Frauhelmoin, Lenggo, 121
frenzy, 55, 58, 82, 88, 104, 116, 125
Freya, 161
Frigg, 161, 167
Fründ, Hans, 166
Galen, 100
Garden of Eden, 152. See also Paradise
Gassendi, Pierre, 200–202
Gerard, John, 117
Gerson, Jean, 146, 158
Giliani, Alessandra, 12
gnostic, 48, 52, 57–58, 61, 63
God, 1, 28, 36–37, 42–43, 48, 52, 54,
60, 65, 79, 84–86, 97–98, 114,
133, 144, 151–52, 158, 162, 173,
178, 185–86
Góis, Damião, 183
Görres, Joseph, 199
Gralsberg, 140. See also Venusberg;
Venus Mountain
Great Mother, 161
Greece, 7, 95, 100
Grenier, Demiselle, 168–69, 171
Guazzo, Francesco Maria, 192
Gui, Bernard, 113, 132, 134, 154
Guibert of Nogent, 63, 112
hallucinating, 134
hallucination, 34, 44, 77, 79, 93, 96,
108–9, 111, 118, 123, 126, 195
hallucinogen, 56, 58, 71, 76–77, 82,
100, 188, 211
Hartlieb, Johannes, 135–36, 177
healer, 8, 10, 11, 12–13, 36, 75, 82, 92,
116, 128, 131, 152, 156, 187
heathen, 86, 98, 134, 140, 142
heaven, 139–40, 173–75
hell, 22, 45, 96, 108, 123, 130, 168, 193
hemlock, 15, 77–78, 88, 91, 105–8,
124–27, 177, 188, 190–92
in executions, 105
in medical
magic, 105–8
Hemmerlin, Felix, 135
henbane, 76, 81, 86, 87
in medical magic, 82–83, 85, 87,
88–91
in psyche-magic, 89–92
in symbolic magic, 86, 88–89
superstitious use of, 86, 87, 91
visionary properties of, 124
herbalist, 115, 117, 132
herb, enchanted by incantation, 20–21
heresy, 2, 5, 11, 35–36, 49, 53, 62, 64,
68, 70, 75, 129–31, 136, 146, 148,
157, 160–62, 166, 206
folk, 34–37, 71–72
Fraticelli, 173
Free Spirit, 173
Hussite, 173
at Orléans, 64–67
Waldensian, 53–57, 69, 71, 73, 114,
161, 164–65, 172–175
heretic, 6, 45, 48, 49, 54–57, 59,
61–62, 64–70, 113, 138, 157,
164, 166–68, 178
Antonio Galosna, 70–72, 114
Bilia la Castagna, 69–71, 74–75,
114, 127, 153
Liosis (Orléans heretic), 64–66
Marcion of Sinope, 48
Marcus, 57–58, 61, 74
Simon Magus, 59–60
Stephenus (Orléans heretic), 64–66
heretics’ “holy company,” 65–66
heretics’ potion, 67, 74, 75, 111, 138,
148, 178, 192, 215
Herodias, 29–30, 32, 36, 72–73, 147,
150, 179
Heuberg, 143–44, 147, 149, 197
Hildegard of Bingen, 83–85, 94, 111
Hippocrates, 81, 101, 110
Hispanus, Petrus, 82–85, 88–89, 94, 104
on deadly nightshade, 104
on henbane, 82–83, 88–89, 104
on mandrake, 82–83, 88, 104
on opium, 82–83, 88, 104
See also Thesaurus pauperum
Holda (Holle), 31–32, 147. See also
unholda
Hollekrisch, 31
Hoppo (Bernese low magician) 155,
158
Holy Grail, 139–40
Holy Land, 47, 137
Holy Spirit, 60
holy water, 92, 159
Hugh of Lincoln, 109
idol, 27–28, 50, 55
idolatry, 111, 130, 144
Ignatius of Antioch, 57
incubi, 33, 95
infanticide, 49, 117, 131, 136, 138, 163,
213, 217
Infessura, Stephano, 135
Inquisition, 17, 132, 161, 195
inquisitor, 3–4, 6, 34–36, 55–56,
69–70, 78, 81, 113, 131–32, 148,
154, 157–58, 160, 163, 165, 168,
171–74, 176, 206
Irenaeus, 58–59
Isidore of Seville, 52, 68, 86, 88
Jacob, Hans, 208
Jesus, 35, 42, 43, 48, 51–52, 54, 61, 65,
114, 119, 133, 139
Joan of Arc, 81
John of Capistrano, 130
Joseph of Arimathea, 139
Jubert of Bavaria, 162
Kiesewetter, Karl, 203
king, 18, 27, 30, 42, 45–46, 104, 140–
41, 156, 164, 189, 193
Alonzo the Wise (Alfonso X), 19
Arthur, 140
Charlemagne, 42
Chilperic, 18
Edward III, 117
Fredrick II, 19–20
James VI, 158
Robert, 64, 67
Siegbert, 18
Svein Knutson, 93
knight, 22, 64, 139–40, 142
Kramer, Heinrich, 177–78, 198
Lacnunga, 88, 107, 133
on hemlock, 107
Laguna, Andres, 187–189, 191, 215
on witches’ ointments, 188, 191
lamia, 40
lamiarum unguentum, 1, 181, 192,
196, 203. See also witches’
ointment
Lavite, Jehan, 169
leech, 82, 86–87, 91–92, 99, 107
leechbook, 81–82, 87–88, 91, 94, 104, 110
le Franc, Martin, 168
Lex Cornelia, 15–16
Lex Saxonum, 42
Lilienskiold, Hans Hansen, 122
Livy, 51
Lonicer, Adam, 110
love magic, 4, 11, 14, 115, 117
love philter, 14–16, 19–21, 23, 57, 59,
62, 74, 79, 80, 97, 100, 111, 116–
17, 127, 175–76, 206–7, 216
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), xv,
89, 108
Lucius Apuleius, 39–40, 43, 45, 217–18
Macete (Parisian sorceress), 112
Madam Oriente, 34–36, 39, 156
Magdalena (Bavarian sorceress), 197
magical arts, nonpoisonous, 9, 190
magic arts, enchantment by, 59–60
maleficia, 2, 18, 122, 161, 163, 179, 192
Malleus maleficarum, 146, 178, 191, 198
mandrake, 15, 76–88, 127, 188
in medical magic, 79, 81–85, 104,
106, 186
in psyche-magic, 79–80, 91, 124,
126–27, 176, 192, 195, 198, 202
in symbolic magic, 81
marijuana. See cannabis
Martin of Arles, 133
Mary (mother of Jesus), 28, 63, 118–19
mass, 44, 47, 69, 126
Matsys, Quentin, 183
Matteuccia. See di Francesco,
Matteuccia (sorceress of Todi)
medicine, heavenly, 133
mind-altering substances, spiritual
reasons for using, xviin
M. 136 (leechbook), 87
on deadly nightshade, 87, 94
on ergot, 110
on hemlock, 107
on henbane, 87
on opium, 94, 104
monk, 47, 66–67, 105, 112, 118–19,
125–26
Monsieur, (Agrippa’s dog, rumored to
be the devil) 182–84
Mummolus, 17–19
Murray, Margaret, 214–15
mushroom, 200
mystic, 137–38, 149
Natural History, 10, 85, 101
on hemlock, 105
on henbane, 85
on opium, 101
See also Pliny the Elder
Natural Magick, 189, 195–96
on datura, 196
on deadly nightshade, 195–96
on henbane, 196
on witches’ ointments, 189–90, 195
See also della Porta, Giambattista
necromancer, 6, 123, 125, 127, 155,
158
necromancy, 124, 141, 155, 162
Neoplatonist, 185
Neuve, Jeanette, 117
Nicholas of Cusa (Cusanus), 25, 165
Nider, Johannes, 132, 141, 144,
146–49, 152, 164–65, 173, 175,
178, 207, 213, 215, 217. See also
Formicarius; Preceptorium divine
legis; Predigten
Night Doings, 21–22, 25
night flight, 2, 38, 153, 162–63, 165,
167–68, 189, 207, 215. See also
transvection
ointment, 1, 2, 17–19, 22–23, 25, 39,
45, 72, 75, 82–83, 88–89, 91–92,
94–95, 104, 107, 110, 115, 121,
125, 127–29, 133, 137, 144–48,
149–53, 155, 158–168, 171–73,
175–82, 187–93, 198–200,
203–19
for flying, 78, 135, 138, 148, 164,
166, 175, 177–78, 187, 189, 192,
198, 206, 208, 213, 217
for transformation,134–37, 148,
152, 198, 217
See also witches’ ointment
opium, 77–78, 81–83, 85, 88, 90, 94,
100–107, 120, 124, 127, 186, 192,
195, 200–202
in psyche-magic, 102–3
in medical magic, 81–83, 85, 88, 90,
94, 104, 120–21
visionary aspects of, 102
Opus de venenas, 83, 99, 104.
See also Book of Poisons
Order of Preachers, 70, 118
orgy, 50, 66, 68, 73, 164, 170
Ovid, 40–41
pagan
attitudes toward magic, 61–62
forerunners of Christianity, 48–51
goddess (Diana), 26, 145, 210
incantations, power of, 133
lore on mandrake, 84
religion, ancient, 215n
slanders against Christians, 56
use of psycho-sexual drugs, 85
paganism, 23, 210
pagans, 42, 50, 137
Pamphilë, 39–41, 45, 217–18
Paracelsus, 76, 127, 186–87
Paradise, 79, 120, 140–42, 147, 151, 174–75
Parzival, 139–41
Pastereaux, 173
Patinir, Joachim, 183
Patrimacho, Johannes, 157
Paulicians, 63
Paul of Tarsus, 26–27, 48
Paus, Ludvig, 123
Perkins, William, 214
Perrers, Alice, 117
Peter Gregory of Toulouse, 113
Peter of Greyerz, 148, 154–56, 158
Peukert, Will–Erich, 202
phial, 70, 157
physician, 8–10, 12–13, 44, 77, 80–82,
86, 89, 98–99, 101, 103w, 105–6,
116–17, 119, 126–27, 135, 141, 152,
156, 174, 177, 186, 188–89, 196, 199
folk/lay, 8–9, 81, 87, 91–92, 116, 131
university, 8, 9, 81, 116, 131, 181, 208
Plantsch, Martin, 143
Pliny the Elder, 10, 34, 77, 85, 91,
100–101, 105. See also Natural History
Pliny the Younger, 34
Plutarch, 9
pocula amatoria, 14–16, 20, 76, 80,
118. See also love philter
poison, 5, 9, 11, 14–16, 19–20, 41,
56–57, 59, 64, 71, 77–78, 85,
90–91, 100, 104–5, 110–12,
115–18, 122, 127, 166, 168, 183,
190, 192, 188, 204, 214
poisoner, 10, 16, 176
poison magic, 4, 14, 16, 20.
See also veneficia
Polyaenus, 50–51
pope, 142, 164
Alexander V, 165
anti-, 164–65
Eugene IV, 130
Gregory IX, 68–69, 71
Innocent III, 47
John XXII, 157
potion, 2–4, 14–21, 23, 39, 57–59,
61, 67, 70–71, 75–76, 80, 85.
See also elixir
powder, 19, 74, 82, 84, 110–11, 115,
117–18, 120, 131, 166, 180, 207,
214, 217
Preceptorium divine legis, 141, 144,
146–47, 162. See also Nider,
Johannes
Predigten, 144, 146–47, 162.
See also Nider, Johannes
prophecy, 46, 58
prophet, 29–30
Psellus, Michael, 46, 125–26
psychedelics, xv–xvii
bufotenine, 111
DMT (dimethyltriptamine), 21–71
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), xv, 89, 108
psyche-magical
antilust formula, 84
definition of, xvii drug practices, 153, 187
drugs, 136, 206
effects, 111, 155, 179