Grand Thieves & Tomb Raiders

by Rebecca Levene

  Books

  Richard A. Bartle, Designing Virtual Worlds (New Riders Publishing, 2004)

  Tom Chatfield, Fun Inc.: Why Games Are the 21st Century’s Most Serious Business (Virgin Books, 2010)

  Douglas Coupland and Kip Ward, Lara’s Book: Lara Croft and the Tomb Raider Phenomenon (Prima Publishing, 1998)

  Ray Curnow and Susan Curran, The Silicon Factor: Living with the Microprocessor (National Extension College, 1980)

  Christopher Evans, The Mighty Micro: The Impact of the Micro-Chip Revolution (Gollancz, 1979)

  Tim Hartnell (ed.), 49 Explosive Games for the ZX Spectrum (Interface Publications, 1983)

  Francis Spufford, Backroom Boys: The Secret Return of the British Boffin (Faber and Faber, 2003)

  Other published sources

  Prospero, ‘Acorn Computers expected to stage a good recovery this year’, Herald, December 1984

  BBC Continuing Education Television: Computer Literacy Project (BBC, 1981)

  C5 Launch press release, Sinclair Vehicles, January 1985

  The Face magazine (EMAP, June 1997)

  ZX Spectrum review, Computing Today, August 1982

  Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of America, United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit, various rulings, 1991 to 1998

  Simon Dally obituary, Independent, March 1989

  Towards Computer Literacy: The BBC Computer Literacy Project 1979-1983 (BBC, 1983)

  Company and Personal websites

  Bruce on Games – Bruce Everiss’s personal website (www.bruceongames.com)

  The Complete History of DMA and the History of Lemmings by Mike Dailly (www.javalemmings.com/DMA)

  Computer History Museum/The Centre for Computing History (www.computerhistory.org)

  Dundee Computer Games Cluster (found within www.idea.gov.uk)

  MUSE (www.mud.co.uk)

  Official Carmageddon Community (www.carmageddon.com)

  The Oliver Twins (www.olivertwins.com)

  QBlog – Richard Bartle’s personal blog (www.youhaventlived.com)

  Where is Matthew Smith? (www.carlylesmith.karoo.net/spectrum/matsmith)

  Index

  A/N Inc ref 1

  ACE magazine ref 1

  Ace Coin ref 1

  ‘achievement system’ ref 1

  Acorn ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24

  Archimedes ref 1, ref 2

  ARM chip ref 1, ref 2

  Atom ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Electron ref 1, ref 2

  Proton ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  System 1 ref 1

  World Show, 1994 ref 1

  Acornsoft ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13

  Acquisition (database) ref 1, ref 2

  Action Man ref 1

  action replay ref 1

  Activision ref 1

  Adams, Douglas ref 1

  Adams, Scott ref 1

  ADVENT ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Adventure A/B/C/D/E ref 1, ref 2

  advertising ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 20, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24, ref 25, ref 26, ref 27, ref 28, ref 29, ref 30, ref 31, ref 32, ref 33, ref 34, ref 35, ref 36, ref 37, ref 38, ref 39, ref 40, ref 41, ref 42, ref 43, ref 44, ref 45, ref 46, ref 47, ref 48

  Agrophobia ref 1

  Aladdin (device) ref 1

  Aladdin ref 1, ref 2

  Albury, Robert ref 1

  Alien (movie) ref 1

  Allen, David ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Alper, Martin ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Altair ref 1

  Amiga Power ref 1

  Amstrad ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Anderson, Paul ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Ant Attack ref 1

  Anything We Can Do (infodrama) ref 1

  Apple ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Apple II ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  ARM chip and ref 1, ref 2

  iPhone ref 1, ref 2

  Macintosh ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Project Olive ref 1

  Aran, Samus (game character) ref 1

  arcade games ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24, ref 25, ref 26, ref 27, ref 28, ref 29, ref 30, ref 31

  Arcadia ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Arendt, Paul ref 1

  Argonaut ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11

  Artic ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10

  ASG Games ref 1

  Ashby Computers & Graphics ref 1

  Asteroids ref 1, ref 2

  Astounding Arcade Games for Your Spectrum+ & Spectrum (Perry) ref 1

  Atari ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11

  Jaguar ref 1

  ST ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19

  2600 ref 1

  Attack of the Mutant Zombie Flesh Eating Chickens From Mars ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Automania ref 1

  Avalon Hill ref 1

  Avebury, Lord ref 1

  Aviator ref 1, ref 2

  Baden, Tony ref 1

  BAFTA ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Bailey, Andrew ref 1

  Baker, Kenneth ref 1, ref 2

  Bandersnatch ref 1, ref 2

  Barnden, Neil ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Bartle, Richard ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13

  BASIC ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22

  Bastien, Gaston ref 1

  Battlezone ref 1, ref 2

  Baxter, Biddy ref 1

  Baxter, Stanley ref 1

  BBC ref 1

  Computer Literacy Programme ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  computing programmes ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Continuing Education Department ref 1, ref 2

  Micro ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24, ref 25, ref 26, ref 27, ref 28, ref 29, ref 30, ref 31, ref 32, ref 33, ref 34, ref 35, ref 36, ref 37, ref 38, ref 39, ref 40, ref 40, ref 41, ref 42, ref 43, ref 44, ref 45

  BC Racers ref 1

  Bear Bovver ref 1

  Bell, Ian ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Beneath a Steel Sky ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Bissell, Ron ref 1

  bitmap ref 1, ref 2

  Blade ref 1

  Blitz Games ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Blitz1UP ref 1

  Blond, Shelley ref 1, ref 2

  Blood Money ref 1, ref 2

  Blower, Stephen ref 1

  Blue Box ref 1

  BlueSky Software ref 1

  BMG Interactive ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  BMX Racers ref 1

  Body Harvest ref 1, ref 2

  Bono ref 1

  Boots ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Botteril, Steve ref 1

  BP ref 1, ref 2

  Braben, David ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11

  Branson, Richard ref 1, ref 2

  Brattacas ref 1, ref 2

  Brennan, Sean ref 1, ref 2

  Brighton Grand Hotel ref 1

  British Approvals Board
of Telecommunications ref 1

  British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  British Safety Council ref 1

  British Telecom ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Broadcom ref 1

  Broken Sword: The Shadow of the Templars ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Bruty, Nick ref 1, ref 2

  Buckland, Patrick ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Bug-Byte ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Bullfrog Productions ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11

  Burcombe, Nick ref 1

  Butler, Mark ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Callaghan, James ref 1

  Campbell of Croy, Lord ref 1, ref 2

  Cambridge ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17

  Cambridge Processor Unit (CPU) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Cambridge University ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10

  Camerica ref 1

  Carmageddon ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Carman, George ref 1

  Carmody, Noirin ref 1

  Carter, Dean ref 1

  Carter, Simon ref 1

  Cascade ref 1

  cassette interface ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24

  Cavendish, Marshall ref 1

  CBS ref 1

  CD-ROM drives ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Cecil, Charles ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13

  CentreGold Plc ref 1, ref 2

  Chamberlain, Nicholas ref 1, ref 2

  Channel 4 ref 1

  Chaos ref 1

  Cheese, Ben ref 1

  Chemical Brothers, The ref 1

  Chiller ref 1, ref 2

  Chocks Away ref 1

  Chuck Rock ref 1, ref 2

  Cinemaware ref 1

  Civilization ref 1

  Clifford, Max ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Clucas, Rick ref 1

  Codemasters ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13

  Codename Droid ref 1

  CoLD SToRAGE ref 1

  Coll, John ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Combat Zone ref 1, ref 2

  Commercial Breaks (TV series) ref 1

  Commodore ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Amiga ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24, ref 25, ref 26, ref 27

  PET ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, 290Plus/4 ref 18

  VIC-20 ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  ‘Compact Cartridges’ ref 1

  Compunet ref 1

  CompuServe ref 1

  Computer Programme, The ref 1

  Computational Physics (Potter) ref 1

  Computing Today ref 1

  Conservative Party ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  consoles ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24, ref 25, ref 26, ref 27, ref 28, ref 29, ref 30, ref 31, ref 32 see also under individual console name

  constitution, game ref 1

  Cook, John ref 1

  Cooke, Peter ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Cool Britannia ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Cool Spot ref 1

  CopperCon1 ref 1, ref 2

  Core Design ref 1

  Corman, Roger ref 1, ref 2

  Cornwall, Charles ref 1

  Corpes, Glenn ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Cosmic Cruiser ref 1

  Costello, Matthew ref 1

  Coupland, Douglas ref 1

  CP/M ref 1

  Crackdown ref 1

  Crammond, Geoff ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8

  Crash ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Creature Shock ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Criterion Games ref 1

  Croc: Legend of the Gobbos ref 1

  Croft, Lara ref 1

  Crystal Dynamics ref 1, ref 2

  Crystal Quest ref 1

  Crystal Raider ref 1

  Curry, Chris ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23

  Dailly, Mike ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17

  Dally, Simon ref 1

  Darling, David ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16

  Darling, Jim ref 1, ref 2

  Darling, Richard ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Davies, Charles ref 1

  Daytona ref 1

  DC Comics ref 1, ref 2

  De Benedetti, Carlo ref 1

  Dean, Roger ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Death Race 2000 ref 1

  Defender ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Demolition Derby 3D ref 1, ref 2

  Demon ref 1

  Designers Republic, The ref 1

  Destruction Derby ref 1, ref 2

  Destruction Imminent ref 1

  Devine, Graeme ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  DeviousMUD ref 1

  Dickinson, Rick ref 1, ref 2

  Dietz, Mike ref 1

  Dimension Destructors ref 1

  Disney ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Dixons ref 1

  Dizzy – The Ultimate Cartoon Adventure ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  DMA Design ref 1, ref 2

  Donkey Kong ref 1

  Douglas, Paul Howard ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Dragon ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  32 ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  DrakMaze ref 1

  Driller ref 1

  Driv3r ref 1

  Driver ref 1, ref 2

  Driver: San Francisco ref 1

  Drummond, Bernie ref 1

  Dundee ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12

  Dundee College of Technology ref 1

  DUNGEN ref 1

  Dungeon Keeper ref 1, ref 2

  Dungeons & Dragons ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  E.T. ref 1

  Earthworm Jim ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Echo Bazaar ref 1

  Edgar, Les ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8

  Edge ref 1

  Edinburgh ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Edmondson, Gareth ref 1

  Edmondson, Martin ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8

  Eidos ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12

  8-bit ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17, ref 18, ref 19, ref 20, ref 21, ref 22, ref 23, ref 24, ref 25, ref 26, ref 27, ref 28, ref 29, ref 30, ref 31, ref 32, ref 33, ref 34, ref 35, ref 36, ref 37, ref 38, ref 39, ref 40, ref 41, ref 42, ref 43, ref 44

  Electronic Arts ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Electronic Times ref 1

  The 11th Hour ref 1

  Elite ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11

  Enlightenment: Druid II ref 1, ref 2

  Entrepreneur ref 1

  Essex, University of ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Ettouney, Kareem ref 1

  Evan, Malcolm ref 1

  Evans, Alex ref 1, ref 2

 
Evans, Eugene ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Everiss, Bruce ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8

  Exile ref 1

  Face, The ref 1, ref 2

  Federal Communications Commission ref 1

  Fednet ref 1

  Fen Research ref 1

  Fierst, Fred ref 1

  Finchspeed ref 1, ref 2

  Finn, Mike ref 1

  Firebird ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Flight Simulation ref 1

  ‘floating point’ division ref 1

  floppy discs ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Formula One Grand Prix (F1GP) series ref 1

  4th Dimension ref 1, ref 2

  49 Explosive Games for the ZX Spectrum ref 1

  486 chip ref 1, ref 2

  Free Fall ref 1, ref 2

  Freek Out ref 1

  ‘freemium’ ref 1

  Freescape ref 1

  Furber, Steve ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13

  FUSE ref 1

  Fusion ref 1, ref 2

  Gaikai ref 1

  Galactic Games ref 1, ref 2

  Galaxian ref 1

  Gambit ref 1

  Game Boy ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Game Genie ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Games Workshop ref 1

  GamesDomain.com ref 1

  Gard, Toby ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Gee, Stanley ref 1

  General Instruments chip ref 1

  Generation X (Coupland) ref 1

  Generation X ref 1

  Gibbons, Dave ref 1, ref 2

  Gibson, John ref 1

  Girl Power ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Global Gladiators ref 1

  Gobang Social ref 1

  ‘God game’ ref 1

  Goldwyn, Edward ref 1, ref 2

  Gollop, Julian ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Gollop, Nick ref 1, ref 2

  Gower, Andrew ref 1, ref 2

  Gower, Paul ref 1, ref 2

  G-Police ref 1

  Graham, Philip ref 1

  Grand Theft Auto ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  2 ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  III ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  IV ref 1, ref 2

  Liberty City ref 1

  Vice City ref 1

  Gravitar ref 1

  Green, Andrew ref 1

  Greene Inc ref 1

  Gremlin Graphics ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Guest ref 1, ref 2

  Guildford ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Gyron ref 1

  hacker culture ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10

  Hakewill, James ref 1

  Half-Life ref 1