How the French Saved America
Page 36
Wilson, David K. The Southern Strategy: Britain’s Conquest of South Carolina and Georgia, 1775–1780. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2005.
Zucker, A. E. General De Kalb, Lafayette’s Mentor. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1966.
Index
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your e-book. Please use the search function on your e-reading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
Aboville, François-Marie, Comte d’
Adams, Charles
Adams, John
in Congress
diplomat, in France
foreign policy
model treaty
in peace negotiations with Britain
seeks loan in Netherlands
Adams, John Quincy
Adams, Samuel
Agénois Regiment
Aigrette (ship)
Alexander the Great
Alliance (ship)
America. See United States of America; and next entries
America (ship)
American commissioners to France
espionage against
interference from Congress
looking for alliances from France and Spain
American forces
lack of men and supplies
loss of supplies to British (1776)
size of, overestimated
supplies from France (1777)
See also Continental Army
American independence
American navy
American Revolution
Britain’s attitude toward
French support for
inspiration to Europe
low confidence in
American Revolutionary War
end of
mediation proposal
peace negotiations
Americans, attitude toward the French
Amphitrite (ship)
Amsterdam
André, John
anti-Gallicians
Aranda, Comte d’
Arbuthnot, Mariot
Arethusa (ship)
Armand, Charles (Marquis Charles Armand de la Rouërie)
at Yorktown
later life
Arnold, Benedict
as an American general
as a British general
in northern campaign
treason at West Point
Articles of Confederation
Astrée (ship)
August (ship)
Austria
Auvergne region, troops from
Baker, Polly, legend of
Baldwin, Jeduthan
Baltimore, Maryland
Bancroft, Edward
Bank of Pennsylvania
Barbados
Barras, Jacques-Melchior Saint-Laurent de
command given to
with Estaing to America
naval rank
at Newport
at Virginia Capes
at Yorktown
later life
Bavaria
Beaumarchais, Pierre-Augustin Caron de
aid to America (supplies and money)
character of
subversive writings
later life
Belle Poule (ship)
Bemis Heights, New York
Bennington, Vermont
Bingham, William
black troops
Board of War (American)
Bonhomme Richard (ship)
Bonvouloir, Achard de
later life
Borre, Hubert de Preudhomme de
Boston, Massachusetts
banking in
conquered by Washington
rebels in
siege of
Bougainville, Louis-Antoine de
Bourbon family
Bourbonnais Regiment
Brandywine Creek, Battle of
Brattle Street Church (Boston)
Brazil
Brest
Britain
American independence opposed by
American privateers’ attacks on
American states regarded as rebels
capture of Henry Laurens
debt of
and European balance-of-powers system
expulsion from North American continent, desired
and France, rivalry
France urged by Beaumarchais to oppose
French disdain for
future dealings with United States
and Gibraltar
invasion plan of France and Spain
mediation proposed by Spain
military reforms
naval aggression of
peace negotiations with America
peace proposals (Carlisle commission)
peace with America desired
peace with France desired
philosophes’ opinion of
provocations to France and Spain
after Seven Years War
and Spain
trade with colonies
war with France
war with Netherlands
war with Spain
British Empire
British navy
Admiralty
Home Fleet
British troops in America
British West Indies
Broglie, Marshal Charles-François de
Broglie, Victor François de
Buffon, Comte de
Burgoyne, John
Byron, Admiral John
Cadwalader, John
Camden, Battle of
Canada
British possession of
France professes no interest in regaining
Franklin’s lust for
French law and religion in
invasion plans of American generals
Lafayette’s letter to
territory of
Canal de Saintes
Caribbean. See also French Caribbean colonies; Spanish Caribbean colonies
Carlisle, Frederick Howard, the Earl of
Carlisle commissioners
Carlos III of Spain
Carmichael, William
Carpenters’ Hall, Philadelphia
Carter, Michael S.
Castries, Marquis de
Catherine II of Russia
Catholicism
César (ship)
Charles-Phillipe (Monsieur, brother of Louis XVI)
Charleston, South Carolina
Charon (ship)
Chastellux, François-Jean de
at Yorktown
Chatham, New Jersey
Chaumont, Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de
and American privateers
and Franklin
loans to American cause
later life
Chaumont, Mme.
Chesapeake Bay
Chester, Maryland
Choiseul, Duc de
Choisy, Marquis de
at Yorktown
Clark, George Rogers
Clinton, Henry
departs Philadelphia for New York
instructions from London
in New York City
and northern campaign
takes command of British army
Closen, Baron Ludwig von
at Yorktown
Committee of Correspondence
Committee of Safety
Committee of Secret Correspondence
Common Sense (book by Paine)
Compte rendu au Roi
Concord, Battle of
Congress
and choice of generals
on commercial treaties
First and Second Continental
Franklin’s letter to
informed of Franco-American treaty
instructions from as to peace negotiations
opposition to Washington in
partisansh
ip in
presented with Carlisle plan
raising slaves as troops
territorial demands
Continental Army
escapes from disaster
first engagements
leadership of
manual of regulations
philosophes’ admiration of
size and strength of
at Valley Forge
wages of troops
at Yorktown
Continental Congress. See Congress
Continental currency (paper money)
Conway, General Henry Seymour
Conway, Thomas
abuse of position
as American officer
in battle
invasion of Canada attempted
recruited for America
resigns
shot in the mouth in a duel
later life
Conyngham, Gustavus
Cooper, Rev. Samuel
Cornwallis, Lord Charles
in Camden battle
exchanged for Henry Laurens
learns that Washington is coming
retreats to Yorktown
at Yorktown
Crimea
Cromwell, Oliver
Cuba
Cunningham, William
Dana, Francis
Dauphin, birth of the
Daymon, Francis
de, many names beginning with, see next component of name,
Deane, Silas
character of
commissioner to France
conflict with Arthur Lee
criticizes Raynal’s book
diplomacy of
and Franco-American treaty
offers to Netherlands
opposition to
presented to Louis XVI
proposes reunion with Britain
recalled by Congress
recruits European officers to go to America
sent to France as commissioner
Deane, Simeon (brother of Silas)
Declaration of Independence
de la Balme, Augustin Mottin
Delaware River
Delaware River crossing (1776)
Denmark
Destouches, Chevalier
Detroit, Michigan
Deux Indes (Two Indies) (book by Raynal)
Deux-Ponts, Vicomte de, at Yorktown
Deux-Ponts Regiment
Dickinson, John
Diderot, Denis
Digby, Admiral Robert
Dominica
du Barry, Madame
du Bouchet, Florimond
compromised by fellow French officers
duel over a horse
in northern campaign
recollections of
with Rochambeau
taken prisoner by British
at Yorktown
later life
Dubourg (friend of Franklin)
du Coudray, Colonel Philippe-Jean-Charles
abuse of position
killed in action
position in American army
quarrels about sea travel
recruited for America
du May, Comte
Dundas, Thomas
Dunkerque
du Plessis, Captain Thomas Antoine Maudit
at Yorktown
later life
du Ponceau, Pierre-Étienne
and Steuben
later life
Duportail, Louis Le Bègue de Presle
advises Fabian strategy
invasion of Canada attempted
letter to Saint-Germain
position in American army
recruited to go to America
strategic advice of
at Valley Forge
at Yorktown
later life
Dutch. See Netherlands
Eden, William
Elizabeth Town
engineers, need for
English Channel
Éon, Chevalier d’
Estaing, Comte d’
background
meets Washington
at Newport
sails for America
later life
European balance-of-powers system
Eutaw Springs, Battle of
Expédition Particulière
Fabius Cunctator, and Fabianism
Fénélon, François
Fermoy, Matthias-Alexis Roche de
Fersen, Comte Axel von
First Rhode Island Regiment
Fleury, François Louis-Teissèdre de
recruited for America
at Yorktown
later life
Florida
Floridablanca, Conde de
Floridas, the (Spanish)
Flour War
Fontanges, François de
Fort Duquesne
Fort George, Florida
Forth, Nathaniel Parker
Fort Mercer
Fort Mifflin
Fort Montgomery
Fort Ticonderoga
Fox, Charles James
France
aid to America
and American-British peace negotiations
and American privateers
approached by American rebels
attack on Britain, urged
attitude toward American colonies
debt of, after Seven Years War
foreign policy
hated by Americans more than England
interest in America
internal problems
invasion of Britain, planned
John Laurens mission to
liberalizing in
military buildup
not looking for conquest
policy re Britain
reforms attempted
rivalry with Britain
after Seven Years War
and Spain
support of American Revolution
treaty with America
war with Britain
Franco-American alliance
Franco-Spanish alliance
Franklin, Benjamin
arrives in France
and British invasion plan of France and Spain
character of
commissioner to France
criticizes Raynal’s book
and Franco-American treaty
and John Adams
and John Laurens
letter to
in Paris, promoting American cause
in peace negotiations with Britain
in Pennsylvania
plotting with French envoy
popularity in France
presented to Louis XVI
quarrels with Arthur Lee
recruits European officers to go to America
rejects peace with Britain
sent to France
signing Franco-American treaty
and Silas Deane
and Spain
toasts Bourbons
Franklin, William Temple
Frederick the Great
freedom of the sea
French and Indian War
French Caribbean colonies
French navy
French officers in America
in battle
French troops in America
at Yorktown
Gallician and anti-Gallician factions
Gálvez, Bernardo de
Gates, Horatio
and appointments of officers
Camden battle, and flight after
generalship
invasion of Canada attempted
in northern campaign
in Philadelphia
replaced by Greene
rivalry with Washington
slowness to reinforce
Gâtinais Regiment
Gazette de France
Geneva
George III
aims in American peace
and American War
and
British invasion plan of France and Spain
chooses ministers
peace with France desired
policy toward America
rebels called traitors by
rebels’ petition refused
and war with France
Georgia
Gérard, Conrad-Alexandre
ambassador to America
and Franco-American treaty
later life
Germain, Lord
Germantown, Battle of
Gibbon, Edward
Gibraltar
Gimat, Jean-Joseph Soubadère de
at Yorktown
Gloucester, Pennsylvania
Gloucester, Virginia
Gloucester, William Henry, Duke of
Gouvion, Jean-Baptiste
at Yorktown
Grand, Ferdinand
Grasse, François-Joseph-Paul de
in American-British peace negotiations
arrives at Virginia capes
in battle
captured in the Caribbean
command of Caribbean fleet
defending French Caribbean
departs Yorktown for Caribbean
with Estaing’s fleet
naval rank
plans for North American season (1781)
at Yorktown
later life
Grasse, nephew of
Graves, Thomas
Greene, Katie
Greene, Nathanael
advises adopting guerrilla tactics
in battle
battles in the South
military studies of
position as general
supplies to army of
Grenada
Grenadines
Grenville, Thomas
Guadeloupe
guerrilla warfare
Guichen, Comte de
Guines, Comte de
Gulf Coast
Gulf of Mexico
Haiti
Halifax
Hamilton, Alexander
and Arnold’s treason
language skill
meets Rochambeau
and Washington
at Yorktown
Hancock, John
Hannibal
Hardy, Charles
Harrison, Benjamin
Hartford, Connecticut
Havana, Cuba
Head of Elk, Maryland
Heath, William
Henry, Patrick
Henry, Richard
Higginbotham, Don
Hood, Admiral Samuel
Howe, Admiral Lord Richard
Howe, General Sir William
Hudson River
Hume, David
Hutton, James
Illinois
India
Indiana
Intrepid (ship)
Ireland
Jamaica
James River
Jamestown, Virginia
Jay, John
diplomat in Spain
letters to
in peace negotiations with Britain
plotting by
presidency of Congress
quarrel with A. Lee
support for Silas Deane
Jefferson, Thomas
as peace negotiator
Jones, John Paul
background
Joseph II of Austria
Judith (ship)
Julius Caesar
Jumonville, Sieur du
Kalb, Baron de
death in battle at Camden
and defense of Charleston
invasion of Canada attempted