by Peter Byrne
optimized weapon distribution and, 203
possible world futures and, 198
psychological warfare and, 297–98
Pugh and, 202–5, 298
QUICK system and, 278, 281–83, 287–88, 293
radioactive fallout and, 243
Report 50 and, 215
Single Integrated Operating Plan (SIOP) and, 238–46
think tanks and, 38, 56, 126, 191, 268, 295, 297
Wargasm and, 74, 196, 235–40, 245, 394
Wheeler and, 128
York and, 198
Operations Research journal, 76
Operations Research Office, 37
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 109
Atomic Scientists group and, 124
Bohr and, 89
Manhattan Project and, 57
many worlds theory and, 169
opposition to hydrogen bomb, 47, 57, 127, 199
Princeton and, 56, 89
public disgrace of, 57, 124
optimization theory, 76–77
Oxford University, 5, 322, 376–84
Painter, Louis, 30, 30–31
Pais, Abraham, 89, 127
Panama Canal Zone, 15
parallelism, 145
Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives (BBC film), 6–7, 356
Parr, Jack, 211
particle accelerators, 95, 121, 314
Pascal, Blaise, 58
Patterns of Sexual Behavior (Ford and Beach), 41
Pauli, Wolfgang, 249
Pauling, Linus, 109, 205
“Peace” (Everett), 25
Pearl Harbor, 122–23
Pentagon, 4, 35n10, 39, 277
CODE 50 and, 292–93
computers of, 200, 212
data storage and, 293–94
Ellsberg and, 196
Everett and, 137, 167, 169, 188–89, 202, 212, 223, 253, 264, 268
game theory and, 72, 74, 278, 284, 292–96
gender issues in, 285
industrial wage competition and, 191
internal power struggles of, 191–92, 268
operations research and, 232, 242 (see also operations research)
QUICK system and, 278
Single Integrated Operating Plan (SIOP) and, 238
Wargasm and, 200, 202, 238–39
WSEG and, 137 (see also Weapons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG))
Petersen, Aage, 216–17
Bohr and, 83 (see also Bohr, Niels)
many worlds theory and, 132, 162, 164, 167–71
quantum world and, 83, 88–90, 106
phase space, 150
Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics, The (Jammer), 109, 326
photoelectric effect, 94
photography, 16, 30, 34–35, 344
photons, 94–96
Physical Review, 173, 306
physics, 30
anthropic principle and, 350, 386
classical, 59, 87–88, 95–96, 298, 389
entropy and, 37, 39–40, 59, 103, 145n4, 149, 158, 173, 267, 319, 350, 359, 362–63, 370, 390, 392
eternal inflation and, 386–87
field theory and, 82
Heisenberg uncertainty principle and, 96–97
measurement paradox and, 60 (see also measurement problem)
probability and, 58–60
quantum, 179 (see also quantum physics)
relativity and, 178–79
string theory/cosmology Landscape and, 386–87
Physics Today journal, 251, 303, 307–9, 311, 314, 319, 367
pilot waves, 314–15
Pinochet, Augusto, 129
Planck, Max, 87, 94, 109, 373, 328
Planck’s constant, 94, 388–89, 392
Podolsky, Boris, 98, 251–58
Poetry Society of London, 20
Pohl, Frederik, 361
Polaris submarines, 235, 283
politics
arms race and, 74, 129, 193–94, 197–99, 213–15, 227–37
Cold War and, 124–25, 127–30 (see also Cold War)
election of 1960 and, 227
first strike and, 195–96
House Un-American Activities Committee and, 21, 124–25, 266
libertarianism and, 341–42
McCarthyism and, 21, 45–48, 56–57, 82, 111, 124–25, 252n14, 266
Nancy Everett and, 44–47, 211
Nazis and, 130
Report 50 and, 227–37
Wheeler and, 121–23, 130
Popper, Karl, 359, 362–63
pornography, 7, 41, 269
positivism, 110, 217–18, 362, 392
Power, Thomas, 245
Predictor machine, 288
preferred basis problem, 156–57, 305, 310, 315, 322, 333n29, 365–66, 374
Preparedness Subcommittee, 213
Price, Huw, 383
Princeton University, xii, 38–39
architecture of, 55
attending lectures and, 81
brainiacs of, 55–57
Einstein and, 55–56
Everett and, 40f, 55–60
Fine Hall and, 56, 66, 72, 121–22
high admission standards of, 81–82
Institute for Advanced Study and, 37, 47, 55–56, 83, 89, 304, 387
Methods of Mathematical Physics course and, 81
nuclear weapons research and, 127–30
Oppenheimer and, 56, 89
Palmer Physical Laboratory and, 121, 131, 153
socioeconomic environment of, 55–56
teas of, 56–57
Wheeler and, 121–23, 126–27, 131, 331
Princeton University Press, 137
Prisoner’s Dilemma, 68–71, 75, 230–31
probability, 58–59, 359
Bayesian statistics and, 198, 287–91, 379n27, 380n30
Born Rule and, 100, 137, 141, 146, 150–51, 156, 255–61, 309–11, 315–16, 319, 323, 365, 367, 371, 375, 378–80, 383, 388–89
branching events and, 149–51
classic experimentation and, 95–96
Conference on the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and, 260–61
damage function and, 241–42
degree of belief and, 59
elementary particles and, 94–96
EPR paradox and, 98–99
Feynman and, 122
Graham’s reworking of Everett’s formalism and, 305
Heisenberg uncertainty principle and, 96–97
Hilbert space and, 150
indeterminism and, 8, 60, 95–97, 103, 107, 111–12, 141, 158, 164–67, 307, 309, 332, 379, 382, 389
information theory and, 149–51
meaning of, 359–60
measurement problem and, 83–84, 87–91 (see also measurement problem)
missile defense and, 290
observer view and, 149–51
operations research and, 189–90 (see also operations research)
photoelectric effect and, 94
Schrödinger’s jellyfish and, 99–101
stock market and, 288–89
superposition principle and, 83–84 (see also
superposition principle) time and, 267
two-slit experiment and, 92–93
uncertainty and, 59
“Probability in Wave Mechanics” (Everett), 138, 140
PROLOG, 296
prostitutes, 6, 49, 278, 281n4, 339
psychological warfare, 297–98
psycho-physical parallelism, 103–4, 145, 392
Pugh, George, xiii, 321, 347, 356
alcohol and, 278
kill ratios and, 202–5
Lambda Corporation and, 268, 284–85
Librascope and, 213
operations research and, 202–5, 298
psychological warfare and, 298
Report 50 and, 227–28
Pullman, Philipp, 361
q-bits, 364, 376
Q-level security clearance, 4, 268
“Quantitative Measure of Correlation” (Everett), 141
quantum cosmology, 182, 328, 350, 3
71–72
quantum Darwinism, 367
quantum electrodynamics, 179
quantum foam, 328
“Quantum Mechanics and Reality” (DeWitt), 307–8
“Quantum Mechanics by the Method of the Universal Wave Function” (Everett), 137
“Quantum Mechanics for Cosmologists” (Bell), 315
quantum physics, xii–xiii, 57
axiomization of, 102–4
Belinfante and, 316–19
Bell and, 314–16
black holes and, 119, 161, 162n9, 328–29
Bohr’s influence and, 84, 87 (see also Bohr, Niels)
Born Rule and, 100, 137, 141, 146, 150–51, 156, 255–61, 309–11, 315–16, 319, 323, 365, 367, 371, 375, 378–80, 383, 388–89
Chapel Hill conference and, 179–83
classic experimentation and, 95–96
collapse theory and, 73, 81, 99–108, 109 (see also collapse theory)
Conference on the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and, 251–59, 301
consistent histories and, 371, 381, 390
Copenhagen interpretation and, 88 (see also Copenhagen interpretation)
decoherence theory and, 101n17, 140, 157, 258n24, 261, 303, 305, 316, 319, 322, 333, 363–71, 378, 381, 390, 394–95
Einstein and, 10 (see also Einstein, Albert)
EPR paradox and, 98–99, 172, 252, 326, 365
Everett dissertation and, 136–43
Fourier series and, 81
future events and, 150–51
gravity and, 91, 93, 132, 140, 159–62, 179–83, 304–7, 321, 328, 369–70
Heisenberg uncertainty principle and, 96–97
hidden variables interpretation and, 111–14, 148, 257–58, 287, 314, 373, 374n4, 389, 391
Hilbert space and, 73, 150, 157n39, 172n13, 305n19, 322n4, 391–92, 394
indeterminism and, 8, 60, 95–97, 103, 107, 111–12, 141, 158, 164–67, 307, 309, 332, 379, 382, 389
irreversibility and, 103, 140, 158, 164–65, 171, 253, 267, 317–18, 324, 362–63, 390–91
limitations of, 131–32
locality and, 98, 252, 365, 373, 391
matrix algebra and, 81
measurement problem and, 4–6, 83–101 (see also measurement problem)
mentalism and, 101, 373–74
philosophy of, 109–14
photoelectric effect and, 94
pilot waves and, 314–15
Popper and, 362–63
preferred basis problem and, 156–57, 305, 310, 315, 322, 333n29, 365–66, 374
probability and, 58–60, 94–96 (see also probability)
realist approach to, 81
relativity and, 93–94
role of consciousness and, 145–46
Schrödinger’s jellyfish and, 99–101
splitting and, 136–41, 146–57, 161, 170, 172n10, 174, 177, 255, 304–8, 324, 362, 365, 369–70, 374–76, 383–84
superspace and, 328–29
two-slit experiment and, 92–93
vector analysis and, 81
von Neumann and, 73
wave function and, 73, 81 (see also wave function)
Quantum Theory and the Schism in Physics (Popper), 362–63
Quantum Theory (Bohm), 58, 134
QUICK system, 278, 281–83, 287–88, 292–93
Rabi, Isador, 127
radar detection systems, 190
radioactive fallout
Everett and, 202–5
operations research and, 128, 189, 202–5, 239, 244
Pugh and, 202–5
Radio Corporation of America, 55
Rams Head Inn conference, 126–27
RAND Corporation, 235, 243n25, 266, 277, 380n33
game theory and, 56, 62, 64, 66n13, 69, 72
Lambda Corporation and, 74, 277
operations research and, 190–96
Rapaport, Anatol, 64–66, 70–71
Raschig rings, 36
rationality, 4, 8, 10, 41. See also decision theory
Born rule and, 383
defined, 392–93
game theory and, 61–64, 69–71, 77
quantum world and, 107
many worlds theory and, 327, 378–80
Raub, L. David, 325
Raven Rock Mountain, 344
Reagan, Ronald, 344
realism, 47, 81n2, 101, 110, 117, 155, 362, 373–74, 383, 393
recursion, 26, 65–67, 209, 245, 283, 393
“Recursive Games” (Everett), 56, 65–67, 209
Reisler, Donald, 194, 297, 326, 339, 340f, 345, 347, 349, 356
“Relative State Formulation of Quantum Mechanics” (Everett), 137
relative states theory, 339, 365–67, 370, 382, 385
Battelle Rencontres and, 306–7
rebirth of, 298, 306–7, 318, 322, 328
decoherence theory and, 303
determinism and, 303
DeWitt and, 306–7
Everett thesis and, 151–53, 171
Fock and, 216–18
lack of interest in, 249
publication of, 209, 249
Rosenfeld and, 249–51
relativity, 10, 59, 378
Chapel Hill conference and, 179–83
general, 93, 178–79, 391
gravity and, 58, 348, 391
light and, 93–100
motion and, 93–94
special, 93, 178–79, 393
unification problem and, 178–79
religion, 206
altruistic approach and, 266
anthropic principle and, 228n3, 350, 386
Catholic University courses and, 31–32
Christian Science and, 263
cosmic feeling and, 10–11
Dianetics and, 31
entropy and, 350
Episcopalians and, 351
existence of God and, 32–34
Laura Everett and, 11
Nancy Everett and, 44–45, 350–52
string theory/cosmology Landscape and, 386–87
Vatican attacks and, 385
von Neumann and, 73
“Religion and Science” (Einstein), 10, 23–24
“Remarks on the Mind-Body Question” (Wigner), 113–14
Report, 50, 215
balance of terror and, 235
China and, 232, 236
communism and, 229–30
cost-benefit analysis and, 234–35
deterrence limits and, 233–34
fallout studies and, 229
feedback loops and, 230–34
global politics and, 229–30
ICBM defense and, 228–29
McNamara and, 235–37
missile gap and, 228, 235
mutually assured destruction (MAD) and, 231
Pugh and, 227–28
Strategic Air Command (SAC) and, 228–29, 235
strategic stalemate and, 233
WSEG’s official stance on, 228
Report on Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (Kinsey), 41
Report on Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (Kinsey), 41
Research Analysis Corporation, 191, 297
Reviews of Modern Physics, xii, 118, 137, 160, 174–77, 180, 209, 311, 327
Robertson, Pat, 285
Rockefeller, Laurence, 193
Rockefeller, Nelson, 191, 193
Rockefeller Foundation, 119
Rockman, Chuck, 176
“Role of the Observer in Quantum Theory” (Shimony), 301–2
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 88
Roper, Elmer, 193
Rosecroft Raceway, 30
Rosen, Nathan, 98, 252–54
Rosenfeld, Leon, 89, 111, 121, 317f
attacks Everett, 249–51
decoherence theory and, 366
as hero, 332
many worlds theory and, 169
“The Nature of Time” conference and, 266–67
