by Roy Jenkins
257“9> 262, 264-5, 346-7; which breaks up on her marriage, 363-6, 378; her later meetings with Asquith, 431-2, 442, 518; Asquith’s letters to her, quoted, 259-73, 282, 294«, 298-9, 300-1, 305-6, 309-11, 3I3-I4> 320-3, 327, 328, 329, 330, 332-3. 337. 34°. 34b, 349-50, 352, 353. 354; Mrs. Harrisson, 257, 461, 485, 498, 508/1, 514, 5i7> 5i8; Lady Scott, 257, 390, 392, 393, 398, 399, 402, 405-b, 407, 409 visits abroad, 33, 203-4, 211, 212, 260-1, 262-3, 299, 391, 395, 412-13, 419-20, 467
at the Bar, 26-37, 47, 50, 55, 90-2 enters Parliament, 38-41; political friendships, 33-5, 45.7; parnen
case, 48-51
as Home Secretary, 58-73, 76, 83-7 his radicalism, 18, 24, 34, 4I> U-6; electoral reform, 18, 36-7; Irish disestablishment, 18-19; women’s suffrage, 57, 246-8, 250, 467 follows Rosebery, 72, 82-3, 89, 113; Rosebery’s resignation, 96-101; leadership crisis, 103-12; and Boer war, 113-33
his position with Liberal Imperialists, 124-9
position in party strengthened by education bill, 135-6, and tariff reform, 135-43
Relugas compact, 144-6,150-2; inter
views with Campbell-Bannerman,
147-50, 153-4, 155, 15b as Chancellor of Exchequer, 158-76 becomes Prime Minister, 177-84 his routine, 185-7, 256-64, 345-8 relations with Edward VII, 185-7, 203-4
interest in church appointments, 187;
religious tolerance, 190-1 settles naval estimates dispute, in 1909, 195. 279; and in 1914, 298-300 supports Lloyd George budget, 199, 207-9, and relies on him to settle railway strike, 234; tolerance in Marconi case, 252-4 skill in dealing with George V, 213-21, 229-30, 231, 236
insists on settlement of War Office and Admiralty differences, 241-2; takes over War Office in Curragh crisis, 312-17; and in 1916, 380-4, 386 his handling of Irish question, 275-6, 279, 281-97, 300-6, 309-10, 315-16; during war, 395-8, 399, 403-4 541-7.
agrees to Buckingham Palace conference, 318-19, its failure, 320-3 works for unity on outbreak of war, 324-31; difficulties in early months, 3 3 8-44; direction of strategy, 3 50-1 political crisis, 1915, 355-9, 363-6; forms coalition, 359-62, 367-9;
management of colleagues, 372-4 slanders against him, 378-80, 460; Northcliffe’s attacks, 415, 427,444-5, 448
attends Rome conference, 391 misjudges conscription crisis, 392-4 meeting with Bonar Law at The Wharf, 272, 288-9, 289/1, 406-8 appoints Lloyd George to War Office, 409-10
death of Raymond, 413-15, 419 fall of his government, 411, 420-61 position as leader of opposition, 464-5; refuses Lord Chancellorship, 466-7; Maurice debate, 469-72; defeat at general election, 475-81; not asked to take part in peace conference, 475-7; presides over Universities Commission, 483; receives War Medals, 483
returns to parliament, 484-9; attempts to organise opposition to Lloyd George, 490-2; and attempts at reunion, 497-500
his attitude to Labour government, 500-3
defeated at Paisley, 503-5; accepts peerage, 505-8; and Garter, 510 the Chancellorship of Oxford University, 510-12
final split with Lloyd George and resignation of leadership, 512-17 illness and death, 516-19 Asquith, Joseph Dixon (father), 13-14, 15 Asquith, Margot, Countess of Oxford and Asquith (Emma Alice Margaret Tennant): first meeting and marriage, 54-5, 74-5, 81-2; character, 77-82; Jowett and, 22, 79; the “Souls” and political friendships, 76-9; as hostess, 90, 93, 101-2, 185, 266-7, 270-1, 466, 484; health, 88,93-4,174-5 *, death of Raymond, 413-14; her account of Curragh crisis, 311-14; on Kitchener, 343; slanders about, 378-80, 460; and fall of Asquith’s government, 433, 434; visits U.S.A., 493; her diary and autobiography quoted, 93?/, 137, 138, 141, 147-9, 153-6, 158, 166, 179, 184-5, 227, 326, 330, 379, 410, 413-H, 476, 478-9, 487, 503-4;
mentioned, 3617, 5111, 57, 89, 93, 99, 106, 129, 145, 161, 181, 24677, 257, 259-62, 269, 329, 376, 398, 464, 485, 497,498,512,516
Asquith, Raymond, 23, 25, 30-31, 55, 56, 175-6, 181, 266, 271, 378, 4i3-i5> 419
Asquith, Violet, see Bonham Carter
Asquith, William Willans (brother), 14, 15, 16, 24, 55
Attlee, C. R., Earl Attlee, 341, 48377
Bagehot, Walter, 33 Baker, Harold T., 183, 269, 313-14 Baldwin, Stanley, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, 265, 495, 497, 498, 499, 501, 505, 510
Balfour, Arthur James, 1st Earl of Balfour: golf, 26, 175, 261; Asquith’s relationship with, 4477, 46, 53, 59, 66, 74, 104; and Margot, 76, 79, 9377; Irish Secretary, 42, 43; Prime Minister, 134, 136, 137, 140, 141, 150, 151, 153, 185; opposition leader, 163, 169, 172, 174, 200-1, 211; and constitutional crisis, 214-17, 219-20, 224-5, 226, 227, 231, 240; and women’s suffrage, 248; and Ireland, 275, 278, 310, 320, 339, 340, 34L 400-1, 545; and war direction, 345, 350, 352, 356, 358, 359-68, 382, 385, 416, 417, 421; First Lord of Admiralty, 361, 370, 373, 374-5, 377; and fall of Asquith, 426, 427, 428-9, 430-1, 434, 437, 441, 450-1, 452-3, 455, 456-7; Foreign secretary, 45977, 460-1; after the war, 488, 495, 509-10, 518 Balfour, Lady Frances, 225 Balfour of Burleigh, Lord (A. H. Bruce), 134, 138, 225
Balkan wars, 239, 261, 324 Balliol College, 17, 20-4, 27, 30-1 Baring, Maurice, 507 Battersea, Lord (Cyril Flower), 75, 79 Beauchamp, Earl (William Lygon), 239, 299-300, 304, 341, 347, 509; and the war, 325, 328-9, 345, 370 Beaufort, Duke of (H. C. F. Somerset), 7 6
Beaverbrook, Lord (Sir W. M. Aitken): and Irish negotiations, 288, 289*1; on Churchill, 355; on Dardanelles evacuation, 381; and “The Wharf” meeting, 406-8; and fall of Asquith, 420, 426-7, 431, 432; his account of 1916 crisis discussed, 422n, 435-42, 445-7, 449, 451, 455-6 Beerbohm, Sir Max, 507 Belgians, Elizabeth, Queen of the, 411 Belloc, Hilaire, 162, 251, 252 Benckendorff, Count, 325 Benedict XV, Pope, 391 Bentinck, Mrs. Cavendish, 268 Berkeley peerage case, 57 Bibesco, Prince Antoine, 94*2, 483 Bibesco, Princess Antoine (Elizabeth Asquith), 94, 95, 176, 259, 262, 264, 266, 328, 379, 414, 465, 483, 488
Biggar, J- M., 486, 487*2, 495, 498 Birkenhead, 1st Earl of, (Sir F. E. Smith), 92, 247,495, 511; Privy Councillor, 223-4; and Marconi, 252; and constitutional crisis, 216, 229, shouts Asquith down, 224*2, 225, 227; and Ireland, 277-8, 281, 339, 401, 403; and the war, 385, 417*2, 425; and fall of Asquith, 427, 438, 441, 442 Birrell, Augustine, 41*2, 214; at Board of Education, 158, 169; at Irish Office, 184, 209, 282, 283, 287, 292, 293> 301, 302, 304, 305, 306, 316-17,
321, 322, 388, 395-7; friendship with Asquiths, 93*2, 104, 267, 270, 271*2, 329*22, 340, 480, 483-4 Blake, Robert, author of The Unknown Prime Minister, 272, 288, 289, 292, 294, 320, 407, 431, 439, 440, 456 Blakiston, H. E. W., 511 “ Blue Posts ” inn, 46 Bonham Carter, Sir Maurice, 262, 264, 270, 313-H, 39i, 419, 433-4, 440, 443
Bonham Carter, Lady Violet (Violet Asquith): political talents, 30-1,
485-8, 495, 498-9, 503-4; and Haldane, 34-5; and suffragette attack on Asquith, 246; and “The Wharf” incident, 289; mentioned, 70, 129, 154, 176, 181, 258, 260, 261, 262, 264, 270, 314, 328, 332, 460, 462, 466 Booth, Gen. William, 77 Boris, Grand Duke, 268 Botha, Gen. Louis, 168 Bourne, Cardinal Francis, 190-2 Bowen, Charles, Lord Bowen, 27, 35, 47, 69
Brace, William, 390 Bradlaugh case, 36 Bradley, Andrew C., 23, 24, 25 Breadalbane, Lady, 510 Briand, Aristide, 233, 385, 389, 419-20, 462*1
Bridges, Lady (Florry), 414 Bridges, Robert S., 294**
Bright, John, 35, 39, 54, 137, *73 British Gazette, 514 Broadbent, Henry, 23, 24 Brodrick,W. St. John, Earl of Midleton, 24, 53, 76
Brooke, Rupert, 363
Brownlow, Adelaide, Countess of, 76*1
Bryce, James, Viscount Bryce, 6r, 67, 97,
107, 117, 118, 123, 158, 167, 172, 403, 480, 489
Buckingham Palace conferences, on Ireland, 319-23; December 1916, 455-6
Buckle, G. E., 49, 179 Buckmaster, Sir Stanley, Viscount Buck-master, 362, 458, 486, 497, 516 Budgets: Harcourt’s, 1894, 82-3, 84, 160; 1902,133,136; Asquith’s, 167-8; Lloyd George’s, 194, 195-9, 204-6, 209
Burge, Hubert Murray, Bishop (of Southwark, then Oxford), 480, 507 Burke, Frederick, 48 Burne-Jones, Sir Edward, 47 Burns, John, 47, 158, 194, 198, 237, 238, 248, 266, 270, 304, 325, 328-9 Burt, Thomas, 58
Buxton, Sydney Charles, Earl Buxton, 45, 46, 60, 15
9, 195, 237, 239, 516
Cadbury, George, 118 Calais conference, August 1916, 411-12 Cambon, Paul, 242-3, 245, 266, 325-6, 328
Campbell, Mrs. Patrick, 488 Campbell case, 502, 503 Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry, 67, 86, 88, 97; leader of the party, 107-12; and Boer war, 103, 113-33; and Education Bill, 135; and tariff reform, 140-50; becomes Prime Minister, 151-5, 160-1, 162, 164, 167-74, 186, 336; and Anglo-French entente, 243, 244; illness and death, 177-9, 181, 182, 184, 185; memorial, 246
Campbell-Bannerman, Lady, 114/1, 142, 155, 174, 185,
Canterbury, Archbishops of: Edward
W. Benson, 93//; Randall Davidson (Lord Davidson of Lambeth), 170, 187, 188/7, 220, 229, 310, 344, 511; Cosmo Gordon Lang (Lord Lang of Lambeth), 265
Carnarvon, 4th Earl of (H. H. Molyneux), 25
Carpenter, John, 17
Carson, Sir Edward, Lord Carson: as barrister, 47, 91, 92, 252; and House of Lords, 229; as Ulster leader, 274, 277-8, 281, 286, 291, 295-7, 301-3, 305-7> 545-6; and Lame gun-running, 316-17; and Buckingham Palace conference, 319-21, 323; and Irish rebellion, 399-401; member of Asquith’s government, 368, 369, 370, 375. 376, 385; leads Unionist back-benchers, 393, 394/2, 408, 416-18; and fall of Asquith, 421-8, 430, 432-4, 438-41, 445, 447»; becomes First Lord of Admiralty, 450-1, 459; and Maurice debate, 469-71; on Asquith, 490
Casement, Sir Roger, 395, 403-4
Cassel, Mrs. 180
Cassel, Sir Ernest J., 267
Cave, Sir George, Viscount Cave, 488/2, 5ii
Cawdor, 3rd Earl of(F. A. V. Campbell), 214
Cecil, Lord Hugh, Lord Quickswood, 141, 227//, 275, 471
Cecil, Lord Robert, Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, 376, 394, 400-1, 511; and fall of Asquith, 422//, 425, 427, 428, 438, 439, 440, 447, 45i, 453-4; negotiations with Asquith, 1921, 491-2
Chaliapin, Fedor I, 266
Chalmers, Sir Robert, 397-8
Chamberlain, (Sir) Austen, 31, 160, 265, 488, 495; and constitutional conference, 214; and conscription, 371, 387-8, 394; and Irish rebellion, 400; and war direction, 409, 417; and fall of Asquith, 42m, 427, 428, 436-8, 439, 440, 447, 45i, 453-4, 455«, 461
Chamberlain, Joseph, 16, 84/r, leads Liberal Unionists, 39-42, 43, 47, 57«i, 59, 86, 90, 103-4; Colonial Secretary, 101-3, non; and Ireland, in; and Boer war, 113, 115-21, 123-33, I92n; resigns from Balfour’s government, 134-5, 136-143; Order of Merit proposed for, 223 Chamberlain, Mary (Mrs. Joseph), 104, 119, 139
Chantilly conference, November 1916, 419-20
Chaplin, Henry, Viscount Chaplin, 57n Chelmsford, Viscount (F.J. N. Thesiger), 427, 437
Chesterton, Cecil, 251, 252 Church appointments, 187 Churchill, Clementine (Mrs. Winston) 259n, 261, 269, 325, 361 Churchill, Lady Gwendeline, 261, 269 Churchill, Lord Randolph, 24, 42, 47, 53, 57», 63, 274, 298; and Margot, 76, 77
Churchill, (Sir) Winston, 4m, 258, 461/1, 486-7; Asquith’s friendship with and opinion of, 259«, 260, 261, 269, 271, 333, 336, 337, 338-40, 34i, 488, 496-7; joins Liberal Party, 141; under-secretary for Colonies, 158, 168; President of the Board of Trade, 181-2, 193; Home Secretary, 69,223-4,237; and women’s suffrage, 248; and Lloyd George’s budget, 119-200, 203, 205-6, 210; and constitutional crisis, 216, 222, 227/1, 230; and Ireland, 274, 286-8, 304-6, 309, 310, 313-14, 319n; and naval estimates, 193, 194, 298-300; and coming of war, 239-43, 252, 325, 327, 330”1’, and war policy, 345, 347, 349, 35°-4, 372; and conscription, 371, 374; and tanks, 412, 413; Fisher and the Admiralty, 355— 61, 363, 365, 369; resignation, 382, 386; as back-bencher, 417, 425; Minister of Munitions, 470; Secretary for War, 483; his writing, 494
City of London School, 16-17, 20 Clarke, Sir Edward G., 91 Clarke, Sir Stanley de A. C., 180 Clarke, Tom, 444
Clemenceau, Georges, 419, 462/1, 477 Clifford, Dr. John, 191 Cluer, A. R., 24 Clynes, J. R., 497 Cobden, Richard, 137, 13 gn Cockbum, Sir Alexander, 18 Collings, Jesse, 39, 58, 59 Collins, Sir Godfrey, 515, 516 Collins, John Churton, 24 Committee of Imperial Defence, 134, 240-1, 245, 344-5 Connolly, James, 102, 395, 397 Conscription, 370-3, 374, 377-8, 386, 387-91, 391-5, 416 Cook, E. T., 118 Cordite supply vote, 86-7, 93//
Corrupt practices act, 37 Cotton, Pauline, 329//
Cowdray, 1st Viscount (W. D. Pearson), 516
Craig, Sir James, 1st Viscount Craigavon, 320-1
Crewe, Marq. of (R. O. A. Crewe-Milnes), 158, 159, 182, 190-2, 224//, 241, 245, 357, 402; Asquith’s friendship with, 266, 268, 270-2, 332, 336, 338, 340, 341, 343/1, 462; and the constitutional crisis, 195, 198, 200, 206, 214, 216, 217, 229-30; his illness, 229, 242//; and Ireland, 277, 286, 304, 306, 318, 320, 397; and the war, 328, 330, 345, 350, 362, 376-7. 384-5, 417; and fall of Asquith’s government, 434, 442, 446-7, 453, 454, 456, 458; advises Asquith against taking Lord Chancellorship, 467; consulted in 1921, 491-2
Crewe, March, of, 270, 271, 462 Cripps, C. A., 1st Lord Parmoor, 91 Croft, Sir H. Page, Lord Croft, 471 Cromer, 1st Earl of, (Evelyn Baring), 154-5
Crooks, Will, 227/1 Crosland, T. W. H., 379 Cunliffe, Walter, Lord Cunliffe, 431 Curragh mutiny, 307-15 Curzon of Kedleston, Marq. (G. N. Curzon), 31, 57«, 203, 488, 495, 501; and Margot, 53, 76/1, 493/1; and constitutional crisis, 229, 230; and Ireland, 400; and the war, 368, 37i, 373, 378, 384-5, 394, 416, 417; and fall of Asquith, 421, 422//, 426, 427, 4?^ 7, 447, 451, 453-4, 458; in War Cabinet, 459; death of, 509-10
Curzon, Mary (Lady Howe), 268 Cust, Henry J. C., 76/1 Cyprus, offered to Greece, 376//
D’Abemon, Viscount (Sir Edgar Vincent), 141
Daily Chronicle, 118, 182, 298, 356, 426 Daily Express, 426 Daily Mail, 415, 427
Daily News, 106/1, 118, 303-5, 356 Daily Worker, 502
Dalziel of Kirkcaldy, Lord (Sir Henry Dalziel), 205, 235/1 Davey, Sir Horace, Lord Davey, 38 Davidson of Lambeth, Lord, see Canterbury
Davies, Sir John T., 473-4 Davison, Miss Wilding, 247 Dawson, Geoffrey (Geoffrey Robinson), 310//, 444-5 Deakin, Alfred, 168 De la Mare, Walter, 267 De La Warr, Earl (G. G. R. Sackville), 263
Derby, 16th Earl of (E. G. V. Stanley): his recruiting scheme, 377, 386, 387; at the War Office, 406, 409-10; and fall of Asquith, 447//, 448, 456; and Hogg, 495
De Robeck, Sir John M., 354, 385 Desborough, Lady (Mrs. W. H. Grenfell), 54, 55, 57, 66, 79n Devlin, Joseph, 209, 280, 291, 306, 402,
403
Devonport, Viscount (H. E. Kearley), 239
Devonshire, 8th Duke of (S. C. Cavendish, Marq. of Harrington), 39, 40, 42, hi, 134-5, 138, 141 Devonshire, 9th Duke of (V. C. W.
Cavendish), 231, 495 D’Haussonville, Count, 266 Dilke, Sir Charles, 36/1, 46, 59, 90, 165, 180/j, 205
Dillon, John, 209, 319, 320-1, 398, 402, 403
Donald, Sir Robert, 426 Douglas, Lord Alfred, 379-80 Dudley, Georgina, Countess of, 101 Duke, H. E., Lord Merrivale, 402 Duplin, Lady, 508
Durham, 3rd Earl, 127
East Fife, 26, 40-1, 57, 89, 120, 161, 164, 263, 465, 478-9 Economist, 33
Education Bills: 1896,101; 1902,133, r34-6, 137, 139/1; 1906, 169, 171, i72; 1908, 188
Edward VII, King of England, 60/1, 77, 148, 307; meets Campbell-Bannerman at Marienbad, 144-7; Campbell-Bannerman becomes premier, I53-4» 158-9; and constitutional crisis, 170, 199-204, 207, 209-11; appoints Asquith Prime Minister at Biarritz, 178-80; and his Cabinet appointments, 181/1, 182-3, 184; his relations with Asquith, 185-7, 203-4; Cabinet letters to, quoted, 196, 197, 200-1, 209; and Honours, 186; and Eucharistic Congress, 189-92; death of, 212-13 Edward, Prince of Wales (King Edward VIII, Duke of Windsor), 483-4 Eighty Club, 34, 36, 71 Elcho, Lady (Mary, Countess of Wemyss), 79n, 93
Eldridge, W. H., 64-5 Elections, General: 1885, 37, 39; 1886, 40-1; 1892, 56-8; 1895, 88-9, 96; 1901, 120-1; 1906, 134, 161-4;
1910, 203-4, 218, 222; 1918, 475-9, 484; I922, 495-7; 1923, 498-500; 1924, 503-4, 512
Electoral reform, 18, 56, 424, 467; Plural Voting Bill, 170-1; Speaker’s conference on; 411; see also
women’s suffrage
Elgin, Earl of(V. A. Bruce), 149,159,182 Elibank, Master of, see Murray Elliot, Maxine, 264
Ellis, T. E., 45, 46, 60,
86, 98, 105, 106, 107, 108, no
Emmott, Alfred, Lord Emmott, 341, 345, 370
Employers Liability Bill, 68 Esher, 1st Viscount (R. B. Brett), 301, 382, 384/1
Eucharistic Congress, 189-93 Ewart, Sir J. Spencer, 307, 309, 31m Eye- Witness, The, 252
Faber, Col. Walter, 494 Factory legislation, 1895, 85 Ferguson, Ronald C. Munro (Viscount Novar), 106n, 130
Fergusson, Maj. Gen. Sir Charles, 308-9, 315
Fisher of Kilverstone, Lord (Adm. Sir John Fisher), 183, 349, 350-2, 354, 355, 359-60, 365 Fisher, H. A. L., 265 Fisher, W. Hayes, Lord Downham, 224 n
FitzGibbon, James, 274/1 Flower, Peter, 79, 504; and see Lord Battersea
Flower, Walter N., 494 Foch, Marshal, 425/1, 481 Food: control, 424; prices, 435; shipping, 417; taxes, see Tariff reform Ford, Mrs., 268
Fowler, Henry H., Viscount Wolverhampton, 61, 86, 97, 99, 121; and Campbell-Bannerman’s leadership, 107/1, 108, 109, 115, 116, 123, 124, 125, 128/1; and Liberal League, 132, 159
France: Anglo-French Entente, 134,
144, 242-5
French, Sir John, 1st Earl of Ypres, and Curragh, 307, 309, 312, 313-H;
Ills disputes with Kitchener, 342-3, 347, 350, 355, 356, 357-9, 372, 462; recall of, 375, 382-3; begs Asquith to take War Office, 409; and Haig, 425
Galheni, Gen., J. S., 389 Gambetta, L. M., 18011 Garibaldi, G., 18 Garvin, J. L., 119, 379 George V, King of England, 262, 263, 272, 341, 347, 359, 360, 380; Cabinet letters to, quoted or mentioned, 229-30, 234, 237-8, 23811, 244, 248, 249, 253-4, 256, 292-3, 294, 324, 325, 376-7, 394, 400-4, 407, 416; his accession and the constitutional crisis, 212-15, 218-21, 226-31; and the Irish question, 278, 280, 282-7, 292-3, 294, 296, 300-3, 305, 310, 311, 314, 315-17, 318-21, 343; Asquith’s memorandum on position of, 541-7; his attitude to labour and social questions, 234-6, 34411; and honours, 186, 22411; and the war, 327, 328; conscription, 371, 392-4; the general, 342-3, 382, 406, 409; the King’s pledge 36211; Asquith’s audience with, December 1916, 448-9, 450, 453; and Asquith’s resignation, 454-5, 456-7, 459, 462; his later friendship to Asquith, 476, 481, 483, 505-6, 508 George VI, King of England, 497 Gladstone, Herbert J., 1st Viscount Gladstone: as Chief Whip, no, 11411, 136, 142, 144, 150, 151, 155; as Home Secretary, 158, 190-3, 246; becomes Governor-General of South Africa, 192 Gladstone, William Ewart: Prime Minister, 20, 32, 34, 36, 9011, non, 116; his third administration, 39, 40, 41; opposition leader, 4211; his fourth administration, 51, 56, 57~6o; his resignation, 68, 70-1, 84, 104; his Irish policy, 44, 45, 58, 59, 64, 97; and the Armenian massacres, 98; Asquith’s tribute to, 44-5; his opinion of Asquith, 36, 89; his relationships with Margot, 74, 77, 78-9; Morley, 45-6; Queen Victoria, 66-7; the Gladstonian tradition, 117, 158, 182, 185, 206, 23811, 368, 480, 48311, 489, 506; on Ireland, 130, 132, 274; on finance, 160, 165, 166, 167, 168, 389 Gore, Charles, Bishop of Birmingham, 24, 25, 379
