A Century of Noir

by Max Allan Collins

  This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents are either the product of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously, and any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, business establishments, events or locales is entirely coincidental.

  A Century of Noir

  A New American LibraryBook / published by arrangement with the author

  Page 519 constitutes an extension of this copyright page.

  All rights reserved.

  Copyright © 2002 by Max Allan Collins

  This book may not be reproduced in whole or part, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission. Making or distributing electronic copies of this book constitutes copyright infringement and could subject the infringer to criminal and civil liability.

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  The Berkley Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Putnam Inc.,

  375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014.

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  ISBN: 0-7865-2536-3

  A NEW AMERICAN LIBRARY BOOK®

  New American Library Books first published by The New American Library Publishing Group, a member of Penguin Putnam Inc.,

  375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014.

  NEW AMERICAN LIBRARY and the “NAL”design are trademarks belonging to Penguin Putnam Inc.

  Electronic edition: May, 2002

  INTRODUCTION

  First of all, you have to understand that Mickey Spillane hates the term noir. He will groan and he will moan and he will downright bitch at me when he sees that this title prevailed for our collection of what used to be called hard-boiled—or sometimes “tough guy”—crime and detective fiction.

  It is characteristic of Mickey to “hate” the term, as opposed to simply dislike it or even detest it. Though Mickey is one of the nicest, easiest-going of stand-up guys, he even now can tap into hate . . . which was part of what made his character Mike Hammer perhaps the definitive tough P.I. of the twentieth century. To dislike the term—well, that would be too soft, even sissy. To detest it—well, that would be worse, because that would be pretentious.

  For years Mickey made fun of me for using the term genre, which he considered pompous and would willfully mispronounce (“john-er”), long after he knew exactly how to pronounce it. He hates pretensions (not dislikes, not despises) and his insistence on being called a writer and not an author is well-known. To Mickey an author is a guy who writes one book—a college professor, or a retired general or ex-president. Writers are blue-collar men and women who pound the keys to make a living and, along the way, entertain the hell out of a hell of a lot of readers.

  Who’s going to argue the point with him? Not me.

  Besides, Mickey was one of those readers, once. Like me, he is a fan who grew up to be a published writer. Just as I once consumed his Mike Hammer novels like a famished kid gobbling jelly beans, he sat under the covers of his bed—reading by flashlight—the violent, racy, pulp-magazine adventures of Race Williams by Carroll John Daly, the forgotten writer who is considered the inventor of the modern tough P.I.

  In a friendship I have cherished, Mickey and I have talked writing and writers many times over the years. Mickey prefers Red Harvest to The Maltese Falcon (not surprising, if you’re familiar with both Hammett’s novel and Mickey’s work), and thinks Chandler never wrote a better book than Farewell, My Lovely (I agree). He thought his idol Carroll John Daly was a lousy (a key Spillane word) novelist, but a great short story writer; and he himself prefers the novella form to any other, and is dismayed that the market for such short fiction is not what it once was.

  Mickey remains a controversial figure, but few would deny him his position as the most famous living mystery writer. Christie is gone; so are Hammett and Chandler. Erle Stanley Gardner, Dorothy L. Sayers, and Rex Stout have gone the way of the cousins who wrote the Ellery Queen books. But as the twentieth century wound down, Mickey Spillane was still with us—even writing the very occasional Mike Hammer novel—and that seemed the perfect moment to put together this book.

  I don’t remember whether the idea was mine or Martin H. Greenberg’s. Marty had worked with Mickey and me on a trio of anthologies for NAL a few years ago, attempting to bring back the glory days of such pulps as Black Mask and Manhunt; briefly, we succeeded. At some point, Marty and I got around to the notion of seeking Mickey’s input on a definitive anthology of noir fiction in the twentieth century . . . even if Mickey did hate the term noir.

  About that term: We are referring to film noir, the French film critics’ post–World War II description of black-and-white crime and mystery movies, often B-movies like Detour (1945), Gun Crazy (1949), and a certain Spillane adaptation (often called the last great film of the original noir cycle), Kiss Me Deadly (1955). Movie term or not, its roots are literary, deriving from Serie Noire, French publisher Gallimard’s still-running series of translations of American crime novels, many of them by writers in this book (Mickey and myself included). Fittingly, one of our writers, Chester Himes, was an expatriate whose American crime novels—the wonderful Coffin Ed Johnson and Grave Digger Jones yarns—were expressly written for Serie Noire and weren’t published in the United States until later, at first as cheap paperback originals . . . the market opened up by Mickey Spillane’s paperback success.

  In recent years, the term noir has extended itself—in circular fashion—to crime fiction, as well as film. It’s a more commercial term than “hard-boiled,” and that’s something Mickey can understand, since he claims to have no fans or readers, merely customers.

  A while back I used the word “definitive,” and as thrilled as I am with the contents of this book, I would not be so bold as to make that claim for it. Several key writers—Dashiell Hammett, Raymond Chandler, and Cornell Woolrich, among others—were out of our reach; fortunately, the first two remain widely in print, and you can seek them out for your further noir enjoyment. The permissions to reprint a number of others we wanted very much to represent could not be cleared in time to be included here—the lack of stories by Horace McCoy and Roy Huggins were two particular disappointments for me.

  The selections herein represent writers that are not necessarily favorites of Mickey Spillane, or for that matter of mine. Mickey has never been a James M. Cain fan, for instance—“I don’t like stories written by guys in jail cells,” he says—and Cain’s inclusion here was at my insistence, since he is one of my handful of top favorites. Mickey’s favorite short story writer is Fredric Brown, but it was yours truly who picked the example, as the tale included here is one I’ve cited frequently as a great short story. A number of the selections were suggestions by Marty Greenberg and his staff, and John Helfers made numerous good suggestions, and handled the clearances. Thank you, John.

  The co-editors are also represented by stories here. Mickey didn’t want to have a story included, but I insisted (and picked it); and I was embarrassed about having one of my Nate Heller stories included, but Mickey insisted . . . but left the selection up to me. And I left it up to Marty. (The introductions to our stories were written by John.)

  The rest we leave up to you: the enjoyment of this collection of tales, many of which are hard-boiled enough to chip a tooth on. You will find in the pages ahead some of the best writers of—and finest examples of—noir stories of the twentieth century . . . just don’t tell my co-editor I used that term, okay?

  Max Allan Collins

  February 2001

  CHESTER HIMES

  Chester Himes (1909–1984) was nearly fifty when he began writing detective stories and novels. But what a fifty years it was. He had served
seven years in the Ohio State Penitentiary, where he had discovered Black Mask magazine. “When I could see the end of my time inside, I bought myself a typewriter and taught myself touch typing. I’d been reading stories by Dashiell Hammett in Black Mask and I thought I could do them just as well. When my stories finally appeared, the other convicts thought the same thing. There was nothing to it. All you had to do was tell it like it is.”

  And tell it he did. His stories about Grave Digger Jones and Coffin Ed Johnson were not throwaway violent pulp stories, but angry tales about growing up in a bleak city with an even bleaker future. As the timeline in the novels progresses, the characters grow more disillusioned and cynical about their jobs, their own people, and the world they live in. A longtime staple in France, his first crime novel, A Rage in Harlem, which was written at the request of Marcel Duhamel, editor of the famous Serie Noire line of Gallimard, was awarded the Grand Prix de Littérature Policière in 1958.

  The Meanest Cop in the World

  How he got there, and how long he had been there, Jack didn’t know: but there he was, sitting on the steps of the Administration building. He had some books under his arm and a little red cap perched on the back of his head, and he knew that he would not have suffered these ignominies had he not been a freshman.

  A couple of girls hove into view from the direction of the Chemistry Building and attracted Jack’s attention. They were pretty girls and Jack uncurled his long, slim frame and bowed to them with his cap in his hand and his dark hair glinting in the sunshine. There was a touch of hesitancy in his actions, a hint of shyness in the corners of his infectious grin, that counteracted the offense of his boldness.

  The girl on the inside, a brunette with a tinge of gold in the bronze of her skin and nice curves beneath her simple little dress, nodded to Jack and smiled a dimpled, wide-mouthed smile. She found something strangely appealing about Jack’s incongruous mixture of shyness and boldness. And then she looked into Jack’s eyes and knew with the subtle intuition of a woman’s heart that Jack was only lonely.

  Jack’s heart did a little flip-flop and his eyes sparkled with delight as his mind registered the warmness of her smile. For a moment he seemed enraptured, and all by a mere smile from a common co-ed. That seemed very peculiar, for a young man as handsome as Jack should have known and been admired by many pretty girls.

  The girl felt well repaid for her nod and little smile: and little wonder, for the heart of any girl would have been warmed by the patent delight in Jack’s brown eyes.

  The next day at the same time Jack met the girl again as she came out of the Chemistry Building. It was a little after noon and he screwed up his courage and asked her to lunch with him. She accepted, as he should have known that she would, but he hadn’t—he was that dumb in the ways of modern maids. He took her to one of those cosy, intimate little cafés which seniors and part-time instructors usually avoid.

  She smiled across the table at him and told him that her name was Violet: and she ate a dollar and sixty cents’ worth of tit-bits. And Jack then understood why underpaid instructors and economic seniors avoided such nice little cafés. He couldn’t eat a thing himself after he had looked into her eyes and felt the glow of her smile: and he felt emptier still when the waiter presented him the bill.

  But he smiled and paid it like more money was the least of his worries. He and Violet left the café and sauntered down the lazy, tree-shaded college lane, and the first thing they knew, they were holding hands in the darkened mezzanine of the University Circle Theatre. The picture was Southern romance, and the warm intimate darkness of the interior seemed to draw them together. They stole a precious, fleeting kiss in the darkness that marked the end of the feature picture, and a subtle understanding was created between them.

  When they left the theatre the gentle gray of twilight had descended upon the land leaving a faint touch of rose in the Western sky. Jack knew that he had lost his job in the bookstore where he worked as a clerk in the afternoons, but he didn’t care. He was drunk, they were both drunk, with youth and understanding and the mellow wine of first love. They walked the streets ’til late that night: and he whispered in her ear those things that lovers have whispered since time immemorial: and they looked at the moon and dreamed: and she stored way in that deep fastness of her woman’s heart his stammered love words—so meaningless, so worthless to the rest of the world—but to her, they were priceless.

  Jack awoke the next morning to a world of realities, and things such as money and jobs once more attained their right importance. He realized that he was very poor and that a job was vital to the continuance of his education; and what was more important than that, the continuation of his relationship with Violet. But jobs were very scarce that year, even such jobs as clerking in bookstores.

  But he continued to take Violet to lunch, even though he owed two weeks’ room rent and hadn’t been able to find any kind of employment. Violet loved him, he loved her: and what else under the sun mattered to them except their love? But he was to learn that food mattered, for he had spent his scant savings treating and entertaining Violet, and now only the Lord knew where his next meal was coming from.

  And then, to top it off, Violet invited him to a formal dance given by the pledges of her sorority. Jack didn’t have any money, and he didn’t have a tuxedo, and he didn’t see how he could possibly make it—until his eyes lighted upon his portable typewriter, his one outstanding asset.

  So he took his typewriter to a pawnshop and returned with a rented tuxedo, rented dance pumps, rented silk topper and cane—all slightly the worse for wear—and ninety cents in his pocket which he had wrangled from Abie, the pawnbroker, by virtually out-talking him. He bought a pint of gin and a package of mints with the ninety cents and swaggered down to the sorority house like a millionaire playboy on an afternoon stroll.

  He and Violet had a swell time that night—he ceased to think of his predicament: and what did she have to think of, other than him, when she was in his arms? They had such a grand and noisy time of it that the other Kappa girls, or Omega girls, or whatever girls they were, began to take notice of the handsome freshman that Violet had in tow.

  It was late when Jack got back to his room in a somewhat dilapidated rooming house over back of the stadium: and Jack was pretty drunk and not nearly so quiet about it as he should have been, knowing that he owed two weeks’ room rent. The landlady, a devout church sister of Amazonian proportions, awoke from pleasant dreams of the coming of Gabriel the third time that Jack yelled: “Who-o-o-p-e-ee!” She promptly stalked out into the hall with her faded pink kimono drawn closely about her ample body and asked Jack for his room right then, that very minute.

  If Jack showed a slight reluctance at granting her rather abrupt request, you can’t much blame him, for he didn’t have a place in the whole wide world to go. But still, you can’t blame the landlady much either for tossing Jack out on the posterior end of his anatomy, for Jack’s yelling was annoying, to say the least, and doubly so in light of the fact that he owed two weeks’ back rent.

  Jack got up from his semi-reclining position in the street and dusted his rented tuxedo with the palms of his hands, then he stumbled drunkenly down the street, his silk topper slanted on the back of his head, the collar of his rented tuxedo pulled up about his neck, and a maudlin grin upon his face. He didn’t have a place in the world to go, and that’s exactly where he went.

  It was six weeks later, a few minutes before the beginning of the season’s last football game, that Jack showed up again. He was all togged out in a well-fitting worsted with a camel’s-hair topcoat tossed across his shoulders, and he felt like the million dollars he looked, even if he did have only a dollar and ten cents to his name after he had bought a nine dollar and ninety cents box-seat ticket.

  When he got to his seat he found that there were strangers all about him and even the game wasn’t very interesting for the first three quarters. The ball was mostly in the air, one put after another—both
teams were cautious, using a few power plays of simple variety and putting on the third down if they had more than three yards to go.

  Jack drowsed a little, and then suddenly he sat up straight, as the halfback of the opposing team got loose on an off-tackle play and was romping through the open field like a leaf in the wind. Jack stood up, one hand extended: his voice stuck in his throat as he tried to yell. But the safety man got the runner just a scant two yards before it was too late, and Jack sighed with relief and relaxed into his seat. But the ball was on his home team’s two yard line and it was first down, two yards to go—for a touchdown and victory.

  There was a tense moment of play, a power drive straight through center against a stonewall defense. A foot was gained and a player was hurt. The referee blew time out, the doctor scampered across the field with his bag to administer first aid. Finally the player got to his feet and limped to the sidelines with his arms about the shoulders of two of his teammates.

  Down at the end of the stadium in the bleachers the whole section was cheering the hurt player at the tops of their voices, but the spectators about Jack were glum and silent. Jack looked about him with cool eyes and he noticed that the people in his section were downtown business people who had paid their ten bucks to see a winning team and not a hurt tackle. That made Jack angry. He jumped to his feet and yelled:

  “Cheer, you lousy slobs, cheer! This ain’t no horse race, this is college football!” And then he gave an Indian war whoop to show them just how it was done.