The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: A Muslim Traveler of the Fourteenth Century

by Ross E. Dunn

  Smith, John Masson. “Mongol Manpower and Persian Population.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 18 (1975): 271–99.

  Spuler, B. Die Mongolen in Iran. 2nd edn. Berlin, 1955.

  Thesiger; Wilfred. The Marsh Arabs. London, 1964.

  Wiet, Gaston. Baghdad: Metropolis of the Abbasid Caliphate. Norman, Okla., 1971.

  Wilber, Donald N. The Architecture of Islamic Iran: The Il Khanid Period. Reprint edn., Leiden, 1980.

  Chapter 6: The Arabian Sea

  Allen, James de Vere. “Swahili Culture and the Nature of East Coast Settlement.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 14 (1981): 306–34.

  Ashtor, E. “The Karimi Merchants.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1956): 45–56.

  Aubin, J. “Les Princes d’Ormuz du XIIIe au XVe siècle.” Journal Asiatique 241 (1953): 77–138.

  Chelhod, J. “Introduction à l’histoire sociale et urbaine de Zabid.” Arabica 25 (1978): 48–88.

  Chittick, Neville. Kilwa: An Islamic Trading City on the East African Coast. 2 vols. Nairobi, 1974.

  —— “Shirazi Colonization of East Africa.” Journal of African History 6 (1965): 275–94.

  Faroughy, Abbas. The Bahrein Islands, 750–1951. New York, 1951.

  Fischel, Walter J. “The Spice Trade in Mamluk Egypt.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 1 (1958): 157–74.

  Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. The East African Coast: Select Documents from the First to the Earlier Nineteenth Century. Oxford, 1962.

  —— The Medieval History of the Tanganyika Coast. Oxford, 1962.

  Garlake, Peter S. The Early Islamic Architecture of the East African Coast. London, 1966.

  Goitein, S. D. “From Aden to India: Specimens of the Correspondence of India Traders of the Twelfth Century.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 23 (1980): 43–66.

  —— “From the Mediterranean to India: Documents on the Trade to India, South Arabia, and East Africa from the Eleventh to the Twelfth Centuries.” Speculum 29 (1954): 181–97.

  —— “Letters and Documents on the India Trade in Medieval Times.” Islamic Culture 37 (1963): 188–205.

  —— “New Light on the Beginnings of the Karim Merchants.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 1 (1958): 175–84.

  Guest, R. “Zufar in the Middle Ages.” Islamic Culture 9 (1935): 402–10.

  Hornell, J. “Classification of Arab Sea Craft.” Mariner’s Mirror 28 (1942): 11–40.

  Hourani, George. Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times. Princeton, N.J., 1951.

  Howarth, David. Dhows. London, 1977.

  Huntingford, G.W.B, (trans. and ed.). The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. London, 1980.

  Ibn Rusta. Kitab al-A’lak al Nafisa. Edited by J. de Goeje. Leiden, 1892.

  Kammerer, A. La Mer Rouge. 4 vols. Cairo, 1929–35.

  Khazrejiyy, al-. The Pearl Strings: A History of the Resuliyy Dynasty of Yemen. 5 vols. Translated by J. W. Redhouse. Leiden. 1906–18.

  Kirk, William. “The NE Monsoon and Some Aspects of African History.” Journal of African History 3 (1962): 263–67.

  Kirkman, J. S. Monuments and Men on the East African Coast. London, 1964.

  Labib, S. “Les marchands Karimis en Orient et sur l’Ocean Indien.” In Sociétés et compagnies de commerce en Orient et dans l’Océan Indien. Actes du 8ème colloque international d’histoire maritime. Paris, 1970, pp. 209–14.

  Lewcock, R. B. “Islamic Towns and Buildings in East Africa.” Storia della Citta 7 (1978): 49–53.

  —— and Smith, G. R. “Three Medieval Mosques in the Yemen.” Oriental Art 20 (1974): 75–86, 192–203.

  Lewis, Archibald. “Maritime Skills in the Indian Ocean, 1368–1500.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 16 (1973): 238–64.

  Martin, B. G. “Arab Migration to East Africa in Medieval Times.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 7 (1974): 367–90.

  Moreland, W. H. “The Ships of the Arabian Sea about A.D. 1500.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 1 (1939): 63–74, 173–92.

  Persian Gulf Pilot. 11th edn. London, 1967.

  Playfair, R. L. A History of Arabia Felix or Yemen. Bombay, 1859; reprint edn., London, 1970.

  Pouwels, Randall. L. “The Medieval Foundations of East African Islam.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 11 (1978): 201–22, 393–409.

  Prins, A. H. J. “The Persian Gulf Dhows: New Notes on the Classification of Mid-Eastern Sea-Craft.” Persica 6 (1972–74): 157–65.

  Razik. History of the Imams and Seyyids of Oman. Translated by George P. Badger. London, 1871.

  Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot. 11th edn. London, 1967.

  Rubinacci, Roberto. “The Ibadis.” In A. J. Arberry and C. F. Beckingham (eds.), Religion in the Middle East. 2 vols. Cambridge, England, 1969.

  Saad, Elias. “Kilwa Dynastic Historiography.” History in Africa 6 (1979): 177–207.

  Serjeant, R. B. “The Dhows of Aden.” Geographical Journal 14 (1942): 296–301.

  —— “Maritime Customary Law in the Indian Ocean.” In Sociétés et compagnies de commerce en Orient et dans l’Océan Indien, Paris, 1970, pp. 195–207.

  —— “The Ports of Aden and Shihr (Medieval Period).” Recueils de la Société Jean Bodin 32 (1974): 207–24.

  —— The Portuguese off the South Arabia Coast. Oxford, 1963.

  Teixeira, Pedro. Travels. Translated by W. F. Sinclair. London, 1902.

  Tibbetts, G. R. Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the Coming of the Portuguese. London, 1971.

  Toussaint, Auguste. Histoire de l’Océan Indien. Paris, 1961.

  Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in East Africa. Oxford, 1964.

  Tritton. A. S. The Rise of the Imams of Sanaa. Madras, 1925.

  Villiers, Alan. Sons of Sinbad. London, 1940.

  The West Coast of India Pilot. 11th edn. London, 1975.

  Wiet, Gaston. “Les marchands d’Épices sous les sultans mamelouks.” Cahiers d’Histoire Égyptienne 7 (1952): 81–147.

  Wilkinson, J. C. “Oman and East Africa: New Light on Early Kilwan History from the Omani Sources.” International Journal of Afircan Historical Studies 14 (1981): 272–305.

  —— “The Origins of the Omani State.” In The Arabian Peninsula: Society and Politics. Edited by Derek Hopwood. London, 1972, pp. 67–88.

  Williamson, Andrew. “Hurmuz and the Trade of the Gulf in the 14th and 15th Centuries A.D.” In Proceedings of the Sixth Seminar for Arabian Studies. London, 1973, pp. 52–68.

  Wilson, Arnold T. The Persian Gulf: An Historical Sketch from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century. Oxford, 1928; reprint edn., London, 1954.

  Chapter 7: Anatolia

  Aflaki. Manaqib al-’Arifin: les saints des derviches tourneurs. 2 vols. Translated by C. Huart. Paris, 1918–22.

  Akurgal, Ekrem (ed.). The Art and Architecture of Turkey. Oxford, 1980.

  Beldiceanu-Steinherr, Irene. Recherches sur les actes des règnes des Sultans Osman, Orkhan et Murad I. Monachii, 1967.

  Bergeret, J. “Konya.” Archéologia 96 (July, 1976): 30–37.

  Boase, T. S. R. (ed.). The Cilician Kingdom of Armenia. Edinburgh, 1978.

  Brown, John P. The Dervishes, or Oriental Spiritualism. London, 1868; reprint edn., 1927.

  Bryer, Anthony A. M. The Empire of Trebizond and the Pontos. London, 1980.

  Byrne, E. H. Genoese Shipping in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge, Mass., 1930.

  Cahen, Claude. Pre-Ottoman Turkey. London, 1968.

  Cook, M. A. (ed.). A History of the Ottoman Empire to 1730. Cambridge, England, 1976.

  Gabriel, Albert. Une capitale turque, Brousse. 2 vols. Paris, 1958.

  Hasluck, F. W. Christianity and Islam under the Sultans. 2 vols. Oxford, 1929.

  Inalcik, Halil. The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age, 1300–1600. Translated by Norma
n Itzkowitz and Colin Imber. London, 1973.

  Karpat, K. H. (ed.). The Ottoman State and its Place in World History. Leiden, 1974.

  Koprulu, M. F. Les origines de l’empire ottoman. Paris, 1935; reprint edn., Philadelphia, 1978.

  Lemerle, P. L’Emirat d’Aydin, Byzance et l’Occident. Paris, 1957.

  Lindner, Rudi Paul. Nomads and Ottomans in Medieval Anatolia. Indiana University Uralic and Altaic Series, vol. 144. Bloomington, Ind., 1983.

  Lloyd, Seton, and Rice, D. S. Alanya (Ala’iyya). London, 1958.

  Murray’s Handbook: Constantinople, Brusa and the Troad. London, 1900.

  Murray’s Handbook for Travellers in Asia Minor. Edited by Charles Wilson. London, 1895.

  Pitcher, Donald Edgar (ed.). An Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire. Leiden, 1972.

  Shaw, Stanford J. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. 2 vols. Vol. 1: Empire of the Gazis: The Rise of the Ottoman Empire, 1280–1808. Cambridge, England, 1977.

  Vryonis, Speros, Jr. The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century. Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1971.

  Wittek, P. Das Fürstentum Mentesche. Reprint edn., Amsterdam, 1967.

  —— “Le Sultan of Rum.” Annuaire de l’Institut de Philologie et d’Histoire Orientales et Slaves 6 (1938): 361–90.

  —— The Rise of the Ottoman Empire. London, 1938.

  Zachariadou, Elizabeth A. Trade and Crusade: Venetian Crete and the Emirates of Menteshe and Aydin (1300–1415). Venice, 1983.

  Chapter 8: The Steppe

  Balard, M. “Notes sur l’activité maritime des Génois de Caffa à la fin du XIIIe siècle.” In Sociétés et compagnies de commerce en Orient et dans l’Océan Indien. Paris, 1970, pp. 375–86.

  Barthold, W. Histoire des Turcs d’Asie Centrale. Paris, 1945.

  —— Turkestan down to the Mongol Invasion. 3rd edn. London, 1968.

  Bosworth, Clifford Edward. The Medieval History of Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia. London, 1977.

  Bratianu, Gheorghe Ivan. La Mer Noire des origines à la conquête ottomane. Monachii, 1969.

  —— Recherches sur le commerce génois dans la Mer Noire au XIIIe siècle. Paris, 1929.

  Chambers, James. The Devil’s Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. Translated by Guy Le Strange. London, 1928.

  Clavijo, Ruy Gonzales de. Clavijo: Embassy to Tamerlane, 1403–06. London, 1979.

  Dupree, Louis. Afghanistan. Princeton, N. J., 1980.

  Ebersolt, J. Constantinople byzantine et les voyageurs du Levant. Paris, 1918.

  Fisher, Alan. The Crimean Tatars. Stanford, 1978.

  Gregkov, B. D. and Iakubovskij, A. J. La Horde d’Or. Translated by F. Thuret. Paris, 1939.

  Hambly, Gavin. Central Asia. London, 1969.

  Humlum, J. La géographie de l’Afghanistan. Copenhagen, 1959.

  Izzeddin, Mehmed. “Quelques voyageurs musulmans à Constantinople au Moyen ge. “Orient 9 (1965): 75–106.

  Jackson, Peter. “The Dissolution of the Mongol Empire.” Central Asiatic Journal 22 (1978): 186–244.

  Krader, Lawrence. Peoples of Central Asia. 3rd edn. Indiana University Publications: Uralic and Altaic Series, vol. 26. Bloomington, Ind., 1971.

  Loenertz, R. J. “Dix-huit lettres de Gregoire Acindyne, analysées et datées.” Orientalia Christiana Periodica 23 (1957): 114–44.

  Martin, Janet. “The Land of Darkness and the Golden Horde: The Fur Trade under the Mongols, XIII–XIVth Centuries.” Cahiers du Monde Russe et Sovietique 19 (1978): 401–21.

  Meeker, Michael E. “The Black Sea Turks: Some Aspects of their Ethnic and Cultural Background.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 2 (1971): 318–45.

  Nemtseva, N. B. “The Origins and Architectural Development of the Shah-i Zinde.” Translated by J. M. Rogers and ’Adil Yasin. Iran 15 (1977): 51–73.

  Nicol, D. M. The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453. London, 1972.

  Oliver, E. E. “The Chaghatai Mughals.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 20 (1888): 72–128.

  Ostrogorsky, George. History of the Byzantine State. 2nd edn. Translated by Joan Hussey. Oxford, 1968.

  Pelliot, Paul. Notes sur l’histoire de la Horde d’Or. Paris, 1949.

  Poliak, A. N. “Le caractère colonial de l’état mamlouk dans ses rapports avec la Horde d’Or. “Revue d’Études Islamiques 9 (1935): 231–48.

  Riasanovsky, A. A History of Russia. 3rd edn. Oxford, 1977.

  Rockhill, William Woodville (trans. and ed.). The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World. London, 1900.

  Rogers, J. M. “Summary of Soviet Research on the Khanate of the Golden Horde.” Unpublished paper, 1980?.

  Sinor, Denis. Inner Asia And its Contacts with Medieval Europe. London, 1977.

  —— Introduction à l’étude de l’Eurasie Centrale. Wiesbaden, 1963.

  Smith, J. M., Jr. The History of the Sarbadar Dynasty, 1336–1381 A.D. The Hague, 1970.

  Spuler, B. Die Goldene Horde. Leipzig, 1943.

  Vernadsky, G. The Mongols and Russia. New Haven, Conn., 1953.

  Wilber, Donald N. Afghanistan. 2nd edn. New Haven, Conn., 1962.

  Chapter 9: Delhi

  Ahmad, Aziz. An Intellectual History of Islam in India. Edinburgh, 1969.

  —— “Mongol Pressure in an Alien Land.” Central Asiatic Journal 6 (1961): 182–93.

  —— Studies in Islamic Culture in the Indian Environment. Oxford, 1964.

  —— “The Sufi and the Sultan in Pre-Mughal Muslim India.” Der Islam 38 (1962): 142–53.

  Ahmad, Maqbul. Indo-Arab Relations. Bombay, 1969.

  Ashraf, K. M. Life and Conditions of the People of Hindustan. 2nd edn., New Delhi, 1970.

  Ballhatchet, Kenneth, and Harrison, John. The City in South Asia. London, 1980.

  Barani, Ziya al-Din. The Political Theory of the Delhi Sultanate. Translated and edited by Mohammed Habib and Afsar Umar Salim Khan. Allahabad, n.d.

  Basham, A. L. (ed.). A Cultural History of India. Oxford, 1975.

  Chand, Tara. Influence of Islam on Indian Culture. Allahabad, 1936.

  Day, U.N. Some Aspects of Medieval Indian History. New Delhi, 1971.

  Digby, Simon. “Muhammad bin Tughluq’s Last Years in Kathiawar and his Invasions of Thattha.” Hamdard Islamicus 2 (1979): 79–88.

  —— War-horse and Elephant in the Delhi Sultanate: A Study of Military Supplies. Oxford, 1971.

  Elliot, H. M. and Dowson, John. The History of India as Told by its Own Historians. 31 vols. Vol. 3: The Muhammadan Period. Allahabad, 1952–59.

  Habib, Irfan. “Economic History of the Delhi Sultanate, An Essay in Interpretation.” Indian Historical Review 4 (1978): 287–303.

  Habibullah, A. B. M. The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India. 2nd edn., Allahabad, 1961.

  Haig, Wolseley (ed.). The Cambridge History of India. Vol. 3: Turks and Afghans. New York, 1928; reprint edn., Delhi, 1958.

  —— “Five Questions in the History of the Tughluq Dynasty of Dilhi.” Journal of the Royal Asiatíc Society (1922): 319–72.

  Hardy, Peter. Historians of Medieval India. London, 1960.

  Husain, Mahdi Agha. Le gouvernement du sultanat de Delhi. Paris, 1936.

  —— Tughluq Dynasty. Calcutta, 1963.

  Ikram, Sheikh Mohamad. Muslim Rule in India and Pakistan. 2nd edn., Lahore, 1966.

  Imperial Gazetteer of India. 26 vols. Oxford, 1907.

  Jackson, Peter. “The Mongols and the Delhi Sultanate in the Reign of Muhammad Tughluq (1325–51).” Central Asiatic Journal 19 (1975): 118–57.

  —— “The Mongols and India (1221–1351).” Ph.D. dissertation, Cambridge University, 1977.

  Khan, M.S. “An Undiscovered Arabic Source of the History of Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq.” Islamic Culture 53 (1979): 187–205.

  Lal, K. S. History of the Khaljis, A.D. 1290–1320. 2nd edn. London, 1967.

  Lambrick, H. T. Sind: A General Intro
duction. Hyderabad, 1964.

  Lehmann, Fritz. “Architecture of the Early Sultanate Period and the Nature of the Muslim State in India.” Indica 15 (1978): 13–31.

  Little, D. P. “Did Ibn Taymiyya Have a Screw Loose?” Studia Islamica 41 (1975): 39–111.

  Majumdar, R. C. (ed.). The History and Culture of the Indian People. Vol. 6: The Delhi Sultanate. Bombay, 1960.

  Mujeeb, Mohammad. The Indian Muslims. Montreal, 1967.

  —— Islamic Influence on Indian Society. Meerut, India, 1972.

  Nizami, K. A. Some Aspects of Religion and Politics in India in the Thirteenth Century. Aligarh, 1961.

  —— Studies in Medieval Indian History and Culture. Allahabad, 1966.

  Nath, R. History of Sultanate Architecture, New Delhi, 1978.

  Rothermund, Dietmar (ed.). Islam in Southern Asia. Wiesbaden, 1975.

  Schimmel, Annemarie. Islam in India and Pakistan. Leiden, 1982.

  Schwartzberg, J. E. A Historical Atlas of South Asia. Chicago, 1978.

  Singh, Attar (ed.). Socio-Cultural Impact of Islam on India. Chandigarh, 1976.

  Stow, A. M. “The Road between Delhi and Multan.” Journal of the Punjab Historical Society 3 (1914–15): 26–37.

  ’Umari, Ibn Fadl Allah al-. A Fourteenth Century Arab Account of India under Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq. Translated and edited by Iqtidar Husain Siddiqi and Zazi Mohammad Ahmad. Aligarh, 1971.

  Chapter 10: Malabar and the Maldives

  Barbosa, Duarte. The Book of Duarte Barbosa. 2 vols. Edited by Mansel Longworth Dames. London, 1918–21.

  Bell, H. C. P. Maldive Islands. Colombo, 1882.

  Carswell, J. “China and Islam in the Maldive Islands.” Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society 41 (1975–77): 121–97.

  —— “Mosques and Tombs in the Maldive Islands.” Art and Archaeology Research Papers 9 (1976): 26–30.

  Chaube, J. History of the Gujarat Kingdom. New Delhi, 1973.

  Cheriau, A. “The Genesis of Islam in Malabar.” Indica 6 (1969): 13–20.

  Derrett, J., and Duncan, M. The Hoysalas: A Medieval Indian Royal Family. Oxford, 1957.

  Eaton, R. M. Sufis of Bijapur, 1300–1700: Social Roles of Sufis in Medival India. Princeton, N. J., 1978.