Cuba Libre: A 500-Year Quest for Independence

by Philip Brenner

  Brenner, Philip, and Peter Kornbluh. “Clinton’s Cuba Calculus.” NACLA Report on the Americas 29, no. 2 (September/October 1995).

  Brenner, Philip, and Saul Landau. “Passive Aggressive.” NACLA Report on the Americas 24, no. 3 (November 1990).

  Brenner, Philip, and Colleen Scribner. “Spoiling the Spoilers: Evading the Legacy of Failed Attempts to Normalize U.S.-Cuban Relations.” In Cuba-US Relations: Normalization and Its Challenges, edited by Margaret E. Crahan and Soraya M. Castro Mariño. New York: Institute of Latin American Studies, Columbia University, 2017.

  Brenner, Philip, Patrick J. Haney, and Walt Vanderbush. “The Confluence of Domestic and International Interests: U.S. Policy Toward Cuba, 1998–2001.” International Studies Perspectives, no. 3 (2002).

  Brenner, Philip, Marguerite Rose Jiménez, John M. Kirk, and William M. LeoGrande, eds. A Contemporary Cuba Reader: Reinventing the Revolution. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.

  ———. eds. A Contemporary Cuba Reader: The Revolution under Raúl Castro, second edition. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2014.

  Brenner, Philip, William M. LeoGrande, Donna Rich, and Daniel Siegel, eds. The Cuba Reader: The Making of a Revolutionary Society. New York: Grove, 1988.

  Brugioni, Dino A. Eyeball to Eyeball: The Inside Story of the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Random House, 1991.

  Brundenius, Claes. Revolutionary Cuba: The Challenge of Economic Growth with Equity. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1984.

  Brundenius, Claes, and Ricardo Torres Pérez, eds. No More Free Lunch: Reflections on the Cuban Economic Reform Process and Challenges for Transformation. Heidelberg: Springer, 2014.

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  Bustamante, Michael J., and Julia E. Sweig. “Cuban Public Diplomacy.” In A Contemporary Cuba Reader: The Revolution under Raúl Castro, edited by Philip Brenner, Marguerite Rose Jiménez, John M. Kirk, and William M. LeoGrande. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2014.

  Butler, Desmond. “USAID Contractor Work in Cuba Detailed.” Associated Press, February 12, 2012.

  Butler, Desmond, Michael Weissenstein, Laura Wides-Munoz, and Andrea Rodriguez. “US Co-Opted Cuba’s Hip-Hop Scene to Spark Change.” Associated Press, December 11, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20141211/lt-secret-cuban-hip-hop-abridged/?utmhpref=world&ir=world.

  Cardenal, Ernesto. In Cuba. Translated by Donald D. Walsh. New York: New Directions, 1974.

  Cardoso Eliana A., and Ann Helwege. Cuba After Communism. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992.

  Cardoso, Fernando Enrique, and Enzo Faletto. Dependency and Development in Latin America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979.

  Carter, Jimmy. Presidential Directive/NSC-6. “Cuba.” Washington, DC: White House. March 15, 1977. http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pd06.pdf.

  ———. Presidential Directive-52. Washington, DC: White House, October 29, 1979. http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pd52.pdf.

  ———. Keeping Faith: Memoirs of a President. New York: Bantam Books, 1982.

  Casal, Lourdes. “Race Relations in Contemporary Cuba.” In The Cuba Reader: The Making of a Revolutionary Society, edited by Philip Brenner, William M. LeoGrande, Donna Rich, and Daniel Siegel. New York: Grove, 1988.

  Castañeda, Jorge. Compañero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara. New York: Vintage, 1988.

  Castro Espín, Mariela. “Socialism Cannot Be Homophobic.” La Jiribilla, no. 628 (May 18–24, 2013). Translated by Wallace Sillanpoa. http://www.walterlippmann.com/docs3816.html.

  Castro Mariño, Soraya M. “U.S.-Cuban Relations During the Clinton Administration.” Latin American Perspectives 29, no. 4 (July 2002).

  ———. “Cuba-U.S. Relations, 1989–2002: A View from Havana.” In Redefining Cuban Foreign Policy: The Impact of the “Special Period,” edited by H. Michael Erisman and John M. Kirk. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2006.

  ———. Like Sisyphus’ Stone: U.S.-Cuban Relations in the Aftermath of September 11, 2001.” In A Contemporary Cuba Reader: Reinventing the Revolution, edited by Philip Brenner, Marguerite Rose Jiménez, John M. Kirk, and William M. LeoGrande. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.

  Castro Ruz, Fidel. “Discurso.” January 8, 1959. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1959/esp/f080159e.html.

  ———. “Discurso.” March 6, 1959. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1959/esp/f060359e.html.

  ———. “Speech.” March 23, 1959. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1959/esp/f220359e.html.

  ———. “Discurso.” October 26, 1959. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1959/esp/f261059e.html.

  ———. “Discurso Como Conclusion de las Reuniones con los Intelectuales Cubanos.” June 16, 23, and 30, 1961.”http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1961/esp/f300661e.html. Author’s translation.

  ———. “Fidel Castro Denounces Sectarianism.” March 26, 1962. Ministry of Foreign Relations, Republic of Cuba, Political Documents. http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/compoundobject/collection/radical/id/40999/show/40921.

  ———. “Fidel Castro Letter to Nikita Khrushchev, October 26, 1962.” National Security Archive, Accession No. CU00754.

  ———. “Discurso en el Acto Clausura en la Primera Conferencia de Solidaridad de los Pueblos de Asia, Africa y America Latina (Tricontinental).” January 15, 1966. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1966/esp/f150166e.html.

  ———. “Discurso al Encontrarse con los Integrantes de la Marcha al Segundo Frente ‘Frank Pais.’” September 26, 1966. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1966/esp/f260966e.html.

  ———. “Speech at Close of Fifth FMC National Plenum.” December 10, 1966. http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/castro/db/1966/19661210.html.

  ———. “Discurso Pronunciado en Memoria del Comandante Ernesto Che Guevara, en la Plaza de la Revolucion.” October 18, 1967. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1967/esp/f181067e.html. Author’s translation.

  ———. “Discurso Pronunciado al Conmemorarse el IX Aniversario del Triunfo de la Revolucion.” January 2, 1968. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1968/esp/f020168e.html.

  ———. “Speech to the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party.” January 25–26, 1968, in Blight and Brenner, Sad and Luminous Days, chapter 2.

  ———. “Speech Commemorating the 11th Anniversary of the March 13, 1957, Action Held at the Steps of the University of Havana.” March 13, 1968. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1968/esp/f130368e.html. Author’s translation.

  ———. “Speech Analyzing Events in Czechoslovakia.” August 23, 1968, in Blight and Brenner, Sad and Luminous Days.

  ———. “Speech.” July 26, 1970. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1970/esp/f260770e.html.

  ———. “Speech at the Tenth Anniversary of the Founding of the Federation of Cuban Women.” August 23, 1970. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1970/esp/f230870e.html.

  ———. “Speech Commemorating the Tenth Anniversary of the Founding of the Committees for the Defense of the Revolution.” September 28, 1970. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1970/esp/f280970e.html.

  ———. “Discurso en la Clausura del Primer Congreso Nacional de educacion y Cultura.” April 30, 1971. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1971/esp/f300471
e.html.

  ———. “Discurso En el Acto de Conmemoracion del Centenario de la Protesta de Baraguá, Santiago de Cuba.” March 15, 1978. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1978/esp/f150378e.html. Authors’ translation.

  ———. “Speech at the Closing of the Fourth Congress of the UJC.” April 4, 1982. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1982/esp/f040482e.html. Authors’ translation.

  ———. “Speech Delivered on the 25th Anniversary of the Girón Victory.” April 19, 1986. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1986/esp/f190486e.html.

  ———. “Discurso en la Clausura de la Sesion Diferida del Tercer Congreso del Partido Comunista de Cuba.” December 2, 1986. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1986/esp/f021286e.html.

  ———. My Early Years, ed. and trans. Deborah Shnookal and Pedro Álvarez Tabío. Melbourne: Ocean Press, 1998.

  ———. “Speech at the Sixteenth Congress of the CTC.” January 28, 1990. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1990/esp/f280190e.html.

  ———. “Discurso.” Santiago de Cuba, July 26, 1993. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1993/esp/f260793e.html.

  ———. “Discurso.” Plaza de la Revolucion, Havana, July 26, 1995. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1995/esp/f260795e.html.

  ———. “Speech at the Cuban Solidarity Rally.” New York, September 8, 2000. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/2000/ing/f080900i.html.

  ———. “Key Address to a Solemn Session of the National Assembly.” Caracas, Venezuela, October 27, 2000. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/2000/ing/f271000i.html.

  ———. “Speech on the Current World Crisis.” Havana, March 6, 2003. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/2003/ing/f060303i.html.

  ———. “Speech at the Ceremony Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Attack on the Moncada.” Santiago de Cuba, July 26, 2003. http://www.cuba.cu/Gobierno/Discursos/2003/Ing/F260703i.html.

  ———. “Speech Delivered at the Commemoration of the 60th Anniversary of His Admission to University of Havana.” November 17, 2005. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/2005/ing/f171105i.html.

  ———. “History Will Absolve Me.” In Fidel Castro Reader, edited by David Deutschmann and Deborah Schnookal. New York: Ocean Press, 2007.

  ———. “Cambios sanos en el Consejo de Ministros.” Granma, March 3, 2009. http://www.granma.cu/granmad/secciones/ref-fidel/art91.html.

  ———. La Victoria Estratégica. Havana: Oficina de Publicaciones del Consejo de Estado, 2010.

  ———. “Para mis compañeros de la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria.” Granma, January 26, 2015.

  ———. “Brother Obama.” Granma, March 28, 2016. http://en.granma.cu/cuba/2016-03-28/brother-obama.

  ———. “The Development of the National Economy, along with the Struggle for Peace, and Our Ideological Resolve, Constitute the Party’s Principal Missions.” April 18, 2016. http://en.granma.cu/cuba/2016-04-18/the-development-of-the-national-economy-along-with-the-struggle-for-peace-and-our-ideological-resolve-constitute-the-partys-principal-missions. Granma International translation.

  Castro, Fidel, and José Ramón Fernández. Playa Girón. New York: Pathfinder Press, 2001.

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  Castro Ruz, Raúl. “Speech at the Celebration of the Attack on Moncada.” Camaguey, July 26, 2007. http://www.granma.cu/granmad/2007/07/27/nacional/artic01.html.

  ———. “Speech.” February 24, 2008. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/rauldiscursos/2008/esp/r240208e.html.

  ———. “Cambios sanos en el Consejo de Ministros.” Granma, March 3, 2009. http://www.granma.cu/granmad/secciones/ref-fidel/art91.html.

  ———. “Speech at the Ninth Congress of the Young Communist League.” April 4, 2010. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/rauldiscursos/2010/ing/r030410i.html.

  ———. 2010. “Speech at the National Assembly.” August 1, 2010. http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/rauldiscursos/2010/esp/r010810e.html.

  ———. “Speech at the National Assembly, December 23, 2011.” Granma, December 26, 2011.

  ———. “The Development of the National Economy, along with the Struggle for Peace, and Our Ideological Resolve, Constitute the Party’s Principal Missions.” April 18, 2016. http://en.granma.cu/cuba/2016-04-18/the-development-of-the-national-economy-along-with-the-struggle-for-peace-and-our-ideological-resolve-constitute-the-partys-principal-missions. Granma International translation.

  ———. “The Revolutionary Cuban People Will Again Rise to the Occasion.” Speech to the closing session of the National Assembly, July 8, 2016. http://en.granma.cu/cuba/2016-07-13/the-revolutionary-cuban-people-will-again-rise-to-the-occasion.

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  ———. “The Pope in Cuba: What Does It Mean?” Wilson Center Latin American Program, September 21, 2015. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/the-pope-cuba-what-does-it-mean.

  Crahan, Margaret E. “Freedom of Worship in Revolutionary Cuba.” In The Cuba Reader: The Making of a Revolutionary Society, edited by Philip Brenner, William M. LeoGrande, Donna Rich, and Daniel Siegel. New York: Grove, 1988.

  ———. “Civil Society and Religion in Cuba: Past, Present and Future.” In A Contemporary Cuba Reader: Reinventing the Revolution, edited by Philip Brenner, Marguerite Rose Jiménez, John M. Kirk, and William M. LeoGrande. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.

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  ———. A Nation for All: Race, Inequality, and Politics in Twentieth-Century Cuba. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001

  ———. “Recreating Racism: Race and Discrimination in Cuba’s Special Period.” Socialism and Democracy 15, no. 1 (Spring 2001).

  ———. Havana and the Atlantic in the Sixteenth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008.

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