by Ross King
Brahms, Johannes 147
Bramante (Donato d’Angelo Lazzari) 7
alleged plots against Michelangelo 10, 11–12, 13, 20, 25–6, 39, 172, 216
appearance and personality 6, 11, 13, 14
competition with Sangallo 7, 66–7
death 286
as fresco painter 20–1
and Julius II I4–15, 138, 199
as military architect 33, 209
Palazzo Caprini 287
portraits (Raphael) 135, 136, 170
and Raphael 92, 96, 110, 172, 216, see also portraits (above)
and Sistine scaffolding 49, 50–1
Vatican improvements 15–16, 16, 92, 114, 138, 152
Bramantino (Bartolomeo Suardi) 92, 114
Brescia 89, 233, 238
bronze casting 38
Buffalmacco (Buonamico Cristofani): The Triumph of Death 98
Bugiardini, Giuliano 65, 67, 75, 157, 180
buon fresco see fresco painting
Buonarroti, Buonarroto 30, 31, 154, 195, 196, 262, 271, 290
and Michelangelo 71, 72–3, 75, 141, 195, 270, 271, 290
Michelangelo’s letters to 39, 41, 75, 153, 154, 187, 198, 215, 239, 262, 265, 270
Buonarroti, Cassandra 31, 73–4, 153–4
Buonarroti, Francesco 31, 73
Buonarroti, Giovansimone 30, 31, 71–2, 73, 74, 76, 141–2, 154–5, 290
Buonarroti, Lionardo 30, 31, 88, 180
Buonarroti, Lodovico 30, 70, 74–5, 153–4, 196, 261, 290
and Michelangelo 21, 70–1, 103, 254
Michelangelo’s letters to 72, 73, 97, 102, 117, 141, 142–3, 153–4, 195, 241, 268, 271–2, 276, 277
Buonarroti, Michelangelo see Michelangelo
Buonarroti, Sigismondo 30, 31, 142, 154, 200, 290
Burke, Edmund: Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful 220
Caesar, Julius 130, 199
Calcagnini, Celio 106
Cambrai, League of 128–9
Canigiani, Domenico 126
Canossa, house of 70
Capanna, Puccio 45
Capranica: St Mary Magdalene’s 147n
Cardiere (lute-player) 158
Cardona, Ramón 231, 261, 269, 276
besieges Bologna 233, 237–8
defeated in battle of Ravenna 242, 243
and sack of Prato 266, 267–8
Carnevale, Domenico 229, 293
Carrara marble 4–5, 88
cartoons 23, 45, 84, 174
for The Battle of Cascina (Michelangelo) 23, 24, 25
for The School of Athens (Raphael) 173–5, 174
see also Sistine Chapel frescoes
Casali, Giovanni Battista 169, 179–80
Castagno, Andrea del 13, 71
Castiglione, Baldassare 199
Cavalcante, Giovanni 183
Cavalieri, Tommaso de’ 184
Cavalli, Scossa 211
Cavallini (Pietro dei Cerroni) 44
Cennini, Cennino: Il Libro dell’arte 119–20
Charles VIII, of France 86, 87, 129, 158, 246, 276
Chaumont, Maréchal 197
Chigi, Agostino 107, 210, 235, 287
Christo 295
Ciarli, Magia 106
Cicero 211, 263
Cimabue (Giovanni Cenni di Pepi) 44–5, 71, 250
Città di Castello: Sant’Agostino 93
Civitavecchia 194
Coccapani, Marco 237
Colalucci, Gianluigi 294, 295
Colonna, Pompeo 222, 224, 234
Condivi, Ascanio 11–12
The Life of Michelangelo 12, 13, 22, 50, 58, 71, 86, 101, 103, 104, 119, 138–9, 147, 148, 161, 182, 215, 216, 217, 229, 230, 233, 248, 249, 254, 278, 279, 296
Constance, Council of (1414) 213
contrapposto 109, 110, 260
Cooke, George, and Busby, T. L.: The
Cartoons of Raphael d’Urbino 175n
Cremona 89
Croesus, King of Lydia 160
Cungi, Leonardo 291
Dante Alighieri 86, 135, 210
Divine Comedy 28–9, 163, 199, 273
dissection of corpses 146–8
Domenico Veneziano 13
Dominicans 57, 62, 85–6, 88, 180
Donatello (Donato di Niccolò) 109, 144
St Mark 109
Doni, Agnolo 22, 63, 126
Dürer, Albrecht 241
Egidio da Viterbo (Egidio Antonini) 56, 89, 133, 135, 136
and Augustinian Conventualist appeal 200, 201, 203
meets Erasmus 165
oratorical prowess and sermons 56–7, 178, 199, 252–3
as the Pope’s propagandist 57, 133–4, 162–3, 164
Erasmus, Desiderius 164, 164–7, 252
Julius Excluded from Heaven 168, 168, 199
The Praise of Folly 166, 167, 168, 169
Erfurt, Germany: Augustinian monastery 200
Este, Alfonso d’ see Ferrara, Duke of Este, Isabella d’ 205
Evangelista di Pian di Meleto 93
Faenza 29, 89, 129
Falcone, Silvio 283
fattorini 75
Ferdinand, King of Spain 251
Ferrara 167, 177, 178, 193, 211, 222, 259, 260–1
Ferrara, Alfonso d’Este, Duke of 167, 179, 232, 234, 260
defeats Venetians 167–8, 177, 178
Julius’s campaign against 178, 192–3, 205, 208, 211, 258–262
and siege of Ravenna 242, 243, 244
visits Sistine Chapel 257, 258, 259–60
Ficino, Marsilio 58, 183
figura serpentinata 152
Florence 30, 43–4, 246, 268
Baptistery doors (Ghiberti) 60–1, 143, 160, 207, 228, 228
Brancacci Chapel frescoes (Masolino) 109
Cathedral (Santa Maria del Fiore) 30, 86, 87, 267
dowries 74
floods 85, 87, 97–8
Garden of San Marco (school) 2, 21, 22, 38, 58, 183, 248
guilds 30, 118, 121
Julius’s campaign against 177, 232, 261, 265, 266–7, 268–71
Orsanmichele (St Mark) 109
Otto di Guardia 92
Palazzo della Signoria 22, 23, 95, 269
Piazza della Signoria 3, 85
pigments from 62–3, 82, 117–18
Porta al Prato 266
San Bonifazio hospital 67–8
San Giusto alle Mura convent 62, 82, 121
San Lorenzo 75, 157
San Marco convent 86, 180
Santa Maria Novella 23, 44, 228; see also Tornabuoni Chapel (below)
Santa Maria Nuova (bank) 196 and n, 198, 263, 268, 271
Santa Trìnita (frescoes) 44, 160
Savonarola 85–7, 264, 276
and the Medici 18, 86, 87, 266, 267, 269–71
Tornabuoni Chapel (Ghirlandaio frescoes) 21, 42, 46, 47, 53–4, 65, 67, 101, 121, 132, 149, 188
via dei Benticcordi 64
via Ghibellina 262
wool trade 30, 72
Foix, General Gaston de 237–8, 242, 245–6, 251, 255
foreshortening 25–6, 240–1, 260, 276, 279
Forlì 34, 194
Francesco di Giovanni (Francione) 18
François I, of France 66n, 186
Franciscans 28, 225
Freddi, Felice de’ 152
fresco painting 43–7
a secco 100–1, 296
arriccio 47, 52, 76
buon fresco 101, 121, 296
and efflorescence and mildew 97–101
intonaco 45–6, 47, 52, 80–1, 98, 99–100
paintbrushes 122–3
pentimenti (corrections) 83–4
preparatory stages 47, 52, 77–81, see also cartoons
spolvero 45, 84, 122, 173, 188
Gallerani, Cecilia 186
Garden of San Marco see Florence
Genoa 177, 178
Gesuati, the 62–3, 82, 118, 120
Ghiberti, Lorenzo 98
Florence Ba
ptistery ‘Door of Paradise’ 60–1, 143, 160, 207, 228, 228
Ghirlandaio, Benedetto 21, 22
Ghirlandaio, Davide 21
Ghirlandaio, Domenico 21, 71, 98, 149, 241
assistants and pupils 21, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 101, 104, 121, 145, 165, 253
Convent of San Giusto alle Mura frescoes 62
death 66
and Michelangelo 21–2, 119, 145, 296
Sassetti Chapel (Florence) fresco 160
Sistine Chapel frescoes 18, 48, 115, 149
Tornabuoni Chapel frescoes 21, 42, 46, 47, 53–4, 101, 121, 132, 149, 188
Ghirlandaio, Ridolfo 21, 66
Ghisi, Adamo 292
Giannotti, Donato 104
Giorgione 210
giornate 46, 83, 84
Giotto di Bondone 44, 45, 71, 226, 250
Camposanto, Pisa 98
Scrovegni Chapel (Padua) frescoes 124, 144
Giovanna Feltria 95, 96
Giovanni da Pistoia: Michelangelo’s letter to 155–6, 156
Giovio, Paolo, Bishop of Nocera 136, 137, 227
Michaelis Angeli Vita 81, 103
Giulio Romano 288
Godfrey the Hunchback 70
Goethe, Johann von 296
Gonzaga, Federico 205, 222, 223, 224, 235, 259
Gonzaga, Francesco, Marquis of Mantua 204–5
Gonzaga, Isabella 223, 235
Granacci, Francesco 64, 64–5, 105, 248
friendship with Michelangelo 63–4, 65, 67, 69, 119, 157
recruits Michelangelo’s assistants 63, 65, 68, 76, 102
Grassi, Paride de’:
military expeditions with Julius 194, 213
on murder of Alidosi 212
as papal master of ceremonies 51–2, 57, 205, 251, 253, 256, 285n
and Pope’s illnesses and death 222, 283, 284
suggestions for Borgia apartments 90
graticolare 173
Great Schism (1378–1417) 28, 213
Gregory XI, Pope 252
Guicciardini, Francesco 208
Hadrian VI, Pope 292, 293n
Hadrian’s Villa, Tivoli 54, 55
Haereticae Pravitatis Inquisitor (Master of the Sacred Palace) 57–8
Haman 272–4, 274
Heliodorus 190–1, 233, 234
Henry VII, of England 164, 166
Henry VIII, of England 166, 231, 232, 251, 256
Heraclitus (pensieroso) 218–19, 219, 265
Holy League 231, 232–3, 237, 242, 245, 258, 262, 267, 268, 271
Homer 210, 219
The Iliad 58, 179
homosexuality 183–4, 202
Ignudi see Sistine Chapel frescoes
Imperia (courtesan) 186, 211
Indaco see Torni, Jacopo
indulgences, papal 29
Inghirami, Tommaso ‘Fedro’ 108, 136, 165, 252, 284
intonaco see fresco painting
Jacopo di Francesco, Fra 62–3, 120
Jerome, St 190
‘Jews, racing of the’ 176
John XXIII, antipope 213
John Paul I, Pope 293n
Julius II, Pope (Giuliano della Rovere):
and Alexander VI 27, 36, 90, 136
appearance 8, 9, 198–9, 238
birth and early career 27
and Bramante 13–16, 20, 25–6, 49, 92, 138, 199, 216
Caesar complex 130, 199
character 3, 8–9, 130–1, 133–4, 139, 140
children 28, 33
death and funeral 283–4
and Egidio da Viterbo 57, 133–4, 162–3
elected Pope 27–9, 116
and Erasmus 164–7, 168, 169, 199
and Alfonso d’Este 178, 192–3, 205, 208, 211, 258–259, 261–262
as Francophobe 177–8, 192, 199, 205
friendship with Alidosi 36, 212–13
and Holy League 231–3, 237, 242, 245, 257, 262, 267, 268, 271
illnesses 196–200, 202, 204, 220, 221–4
and Laocoön 152
and Lateran Council 251–2, 253
and Michelangelo 8, 9–10, 31–2, 35, 36–7, 132, 134, 172
Michelangelo’s audiences with 37, 196, 198, 199, 205
Michelangelo’s statue of 34–5, 37, 39–41, 42, 43, 63, 184, 185, 232, 246
Michelangelo’s tomb for 2, 3–5, 4, 7–8, 10, 23, 26, 30, 43, 152, 282–3, 284, 285, 289, 289
military campaigns 29, 32–4, 89, 90, 128–31, 164, 167, 176–80, 191–4, 200, 204–5, 207–9, 211–14, 231–3, 237–8, 242–4, 245–6, 255–6, 262, 266–8
and miracle at Bolsena 254
mistresses 28
portraits 132, 134 (Michelangelo), 135, 217, 233, 234–5, 236, 255 (Raphael)
and rebuilding of St Peter’s 5–6, 7
and Sistine Chapel 16, 20, 25–6, 31–2, 49, 52, 53, 54, 56, 138–40, 215–16, 239, 278, 280, 281
and Stanza della Segnatura frescoes 90–1, 92, 108, 114, 135, 136, 137, 139, 169, 187, 217
Lactantius 160
Divine Institutions 162
Laghi, Simone 293
Laocoön 151, 151–2, 275
Lapo d’Antonio 39–40, 68, 102, 300n3
Leo X, Pope 285, 287, 288, 291, 292
Leonardo da Vinci 11, 38, 241, 246
appearance 199, 250
bridge design 31n
competition with Michelangelo 22–3, 25, 90, 109, 174
dislike of Michelangelo 22, 110
Raphael’s depiction as Plato 170–1
Treatise on Painting 146
treatment of models 144
Works:
Adoration of the Magi 62, 170
The Battle of Anghiari 23, 24, 25, 43, 109
Lady with an Ermine (Cecilia Gallerani) 186
Last Supper 22, 78, 143
Leda and the Swan 110–11, 111
Mona Lisa 110, 186
Virgin and Child with Saint Anne 109–10
Limoges, Council of (1031) 199
Lippi, Fra Filippo 19
Lippomano, Girolamo 207, 208, 209, 222, 223, 256
Livy 159
Lomazzo, Giovanni Paolo 43
Lombardo, Antonio 260
Lotti (Lodovico del Buono) 39, 40, 102
Lotto, Lorenzo 92
Louis XII, of France 129–30, 129
invasion of Italy 128
and League of Cambrai 128–9
relations with the Pope 89, 129, 131–2, 177, 191, 199, 213, 221, 223, 252
summons Council 213, 221, 252
and war with Pope 177, 194, 197, 199, 232, 237, 238, 245, 251, 255–6, 266
Louis XIV, of France 110
Lucca: San Frediano 47
lunettes see Sistine Chapel frescoes
Luther, Martin 200–3, 201, 210, 292
Luti, Margherita 235, 287, 288
Maccabees, Books of 190–1, 192
Machiavelli, Niccolò 159, 242, 267, 268, 269, 269–70
The Prince 270
Magnus, Marcus Antonius 129
Maintenon, Madame de 110
Maitani, Lorenzo: pilaster 328n
Malermi, Niccolò: Biblia vulgare istoriata
189–90, 191
Malvezzi, Giulio 198, 199
Manini, Domenico 79
Mannerism 291
Mantegna, Andrea 25
Camera degli Sposi 25
Mantua 167
Manuel, King of Portugal 162
Marçillat, Guillaume de 92
Marcus Aurelius, equestrian statue of 41
martellinatura 47
Martin V, Pope 213
Masaccio 248
Masolino da Panicale: Temptation in the Garden 109
Matilda of Tuscany 70
Maximilian, Holy Roman Emperor 128, 211, 213, 231, 255
Mazzuoli, Annibale 293
Medici, Giovanni de’ see Leo X, Pope
Medici, Giuliano de’ 186, 238, 267, 269, 287
Medici, Lorenzo de’ (‘the Magnificent’) 6, 18, 54, 86, 151, 158, 270
&
nbsp; children 267, 270, 285
death foretold 266
and Garden of San Marco 2, 21
Medici, Piero de’ 158, 267, 270
Michelangelo Buonarroti:
appearance 1, 2, 199, 249, 250
apprenticeship and education 2, 21, 22, 38, 58, 64, 77, 119, 144
biographies see Condivi, Ascanio; Vasari, Giorgio
birth and childhood 2, 31
and Bramante’s ‘plots’ see Bramante
character and personality 8, 11, 12, 37, 40, 70, 102, 103–4, 106, 140, 158, 163–4, 171, 262–3, 264–5
competition with Leonardo 22–3, 25, 90, 109, 174
death and burial 290
designs Swiss Guards’ uniforms 255
dispute with Torrigiano 13
and dissection of corpses 147–8
early sketches and drawings 149, 150
engineering aspirations 31n, 49
entertains Alfonso d’Este 257, 258, 259–60
and excavation of Laocoön 152
and family 30–1, 70–4, 124, 126–7, 141–2, 153–5, 180, 195–6, 200, 205–6, 262, 271–2, 290
and Florence 30, 246, 268, 270–1, 276
friendships 63–4, 65, 104, 155, 157, 158, 180, 198
illnesses 142–3, 153, 157
and Julius II see under Julius II
memory 161
models 144–6, 147, 150, 207
and Perugino 91–2
poetry 134, 155, 156, 180, 184–5, 249, 265
and political situation 241, 246, 268, 269, 270–1
portrait (Raphael) 218–20, 264
purchases farm (La Loggia) 262–3, 282
and Raphael 92–3, 171–2, 174–5, 218, 220, 290
and Savonarola 85, 86, 87–8, 276
and Schongauer’s Temptation of St Anthony 248
views on sex 182–3, 184–5
workshops 1–2, 8, 30, 103, 282–3, 285
Works:
The Battle of Cascina 23, 24, 25, 31, 55, 59, 66, 78, 79, 81, 82, 171, 191, 276
Battle of the Centaurs 58, 82, 152, 276
Bruges Madonna 161
David (bronze) 38
David (marble) 3, 5, 22, 79, 144, 148, 149, 189
Holy Family 22, 62–3, 119, 126, 161
Leda and the Swan 261
Pietà 2–3, 5, 88, 161, 182
Pitti Tondo 161
self-portraits 249, 264
statue of Julius II see under Julius II
tomb of Julius II see under Julius II
see also Sistine Chapel frescoes
Michi, Giovanni 75–6, 180, 205
Milan 177, 178, 194, 203, 231, 232, 233, 246, 251, 252
Mirandola 199, 204, 205, 207–9
Montelupo, Raffaello da 289
Mordecai 272, 273
More, Sir Thomas 166
morellone 123, 131, 226
Mountjoy, Lord 166
nudes 4, 110, 143–5, 149, 186, 206, 206, 207
see also Ignudi under Sistine Chapel frescoes
Oddi clan 94
Onias 234
Oracula sibyllina 159, 161
Orsini, the 222
Orvieto: Cathedral 254
