THE DEVIL'S DICTIONARY

by Ambrose Bierce

  FELON, n. A person of greater enterprise than discretion, who in embracing an opportunity has formed an unfortunate attachment.

  FEMALE, n. One of the opposing, or unfair, sex.

  The Maker, at Creation's birth,

  With living things had stocked the earth.

  From elephants to bats and snails,

  They all were good, for all were males.

  But when the Devil came and saw

  He said: "By Thine eternal law

  Of growth, maturity, decay,

  These all must quickly pass away

  And leave untenanted the earth

  Unless Thou dost establish birth"-

  Then tucked his head beneath his wing

  To laugh-he had no sleeve-the thing

  With deviltry did so accord,

  That he'd suggested to the Lord.

  The Master pondered this advice,

  Then shook and threw the fateful dice

  Wherewith all matters here below

  Are ordered, and observed the throw;

  Then bent His head in awful state,

  Confirming the decree of Fate.

  From every part of earth anew

  The conscious dust consenting flew,

  While rivers from their courses rolled

  To make it plastic for the mould.

  Enough collected (but no more,

  For niggard Nature hoards her store)

  He kneaded it to flexible clay,

  While Nick unseen threw some away.

  And then the various forms He cast,

  Gross organs first and finer last;

  No one at once evolved, but all

  By even touches grew and small

  Degrees advanced, till, shade by shade,

  To match all living things He'd made

  Females, complete in all their parts

  Except (His clay gave out) the hearts.

  "No matter," Satan cried; "with speed

  I'll fetch the very hearts they need"-

  So flew away and soon brought back

  The number needed, in a sack.

  That night earth range with sounds of strife-

  Ten million males each had a wife;

  That night sweet Peace her pinions spread

  O'er Hell-ten million devils dead!

  G.J.

  FIB, n. A lie that has not cut its teeth. An habitual liar's nearest approach to truth: the perigee of his eccentric orbit.

  When David said: "All men are liars," Dave,

  Himself a liar, fibbed like any thief.

  Perhaps he thought to weaken disbelief

  By proof that even himself was not a slave

  To Truth; though I suspect the aged knave

  Had been of all her servitors the chief

  Had he but known a fig's reluctant leaf

  Is more than e'er she wore on land or wave.

  No, David served not Naked Truth when he

  Struck that sledge-hammer blow at all his race;

  Nor did he hit the nail upon the head:

  For reason shows that it could never be,

  And the facts contradict him to his face.

  Men are not liars all, for some are dead.

  Bartle Quinker

  FICKLENESS, n. The iterated satiety of an enterprising affection.

  FIDDLE, n. An instrument to tickle human ears by friction of a horse's tail on the entrails of a cat.

  To Rome said Nero: "If to smoke you turn

  I shall not cease to fiddle while you burn."

  To Nero Rome replied: "Pray do your worst,

  'Tis my excuse that you were fiddling first."

  Orm Pludge

  FIDELITY, n. A virtue peculiar to those who are about to be betrayed.

  FINANCE, n. The art or science of managing revenues and resources for the best advantage of the manager. The pronunciation of this word with the i long and the accent on the first syllable is one of America 's most precious discoveries and possessions.

  FLAG, n. A colored rag borne above troops and hoisted on forts and ships. It appears to serve the same purpose as certain signs that one sees and vacant lots in London -"Rubbish may be shot here."

  FLESH, n. The Second Person of the secular Trinity.

  FLOP, v. Suddenly to change one's opinions and go over to another party. The most notable flop on record was that of Saul of Tarsus, who has been severely criticised as a turn-coat by some of our partisan journals.

  FLY-SPECK, n. The prototype of punctuation. It is observed by Garvinus that the systems of punctuation in use by the various literary nations depended originally upon the social habits and general diet of the flies infesting the several countries. These creatures, which have always been distinguished for a neighborly and companionable familiarity with authors, liberally or niggardly embellish the manuscripts in process of growth under the pen, according to their bodily habit, bringing out the sense of the work by a species of interpretation superior to, and independent of, the writer's powers. The "old masters" of literature-that is to say, the early writers whose work is so esteemed by later scribes and critics in the same language-never punctuated at all, but worked right along free-handed, without that abruption of the thought which comes from the use of points. (We observe the same thing in children to-day, whose usage in this particular is a striking and beautiful instance of the law that the infancy of individuals reproduces the methods and stages of development characterizing the infancy of races.) In the work of these primitive scribes all the punctuation is found, by the modern investigator with his optical instruments and chemical tests, to have been inserted by the writers' ingenious and serviceable collaborator, the common house-fly-Musca maledicta. In transcribing these ancient MSS, for the purpose of either making the work their own or preserving what they naturally regard as divine revelations, later writers reverently and accurately copy whatever marks they find upon the papyrus or parchment, to the unspeakable enhancement of the lucidity of the thought and value of the work. Writers contemporary with the copyists naturally avail themselves of the obvious advantages of these marks in their own work, and with such assistance as the flies of their own household may be willing to grant, frequently rival and sometimes surpass the older compositions, in respect at least of punctuation, which is no small glory. Fully to understand the important services that flies perform to literature it is only necessary to lay a page of some popular novelist alongside a saucer of cream-and-molasses in a sunny room and observe "how the wit brightens and the style refines" in accurate proportion to the duration of exposure.

  FOLLY, n. That "gift and faculty divine" whose creative and controlling energy inspires Man's mind, guides his actions and adorns his life.

  Folly! although Erasmus praised thee once

  In a thick volume, and all authors known,

  If not thy glory yet thy power have shown,

  Deign to take homage from thy son who hunts

  Through all thy maze his brothers, fool and dunce,

  To mend their lives and to sustain his own,

  However feebly be his arrows thrown,

  Howe'er each hide the flying weapons blunts.

  All-Father Folly! be it mine to raise,

  With lusty lung, here on his western strand

  With all thine offspring thronged from every land,

  Thyself inspiring me, the song of praise.

  And if too weak, I'll hire, to help me bawl,

  Dick Watson Gilder, gravest of us all.

  Aramis Loto Frope

  FOOL, n. A person who pervades the domain of intellectual speculation and diffuses himself through the channels of moral activity. He is omnific, omniform, omnipercipient, omniscience, omnipotent. He it was who invented letters, printing, the railroad, the steamboat, the telegraph, the platitude and the circle of the sciences. He created patriotism and taught the nations war-founded theology, philosophy, law, medicine and Chicago. He established monarchical and republican government. He is from everlasting to eve
rlasting-such as creation's dawn beheld he fooleth now. In the morning of time he sang upon primitive hills, and in the noonday of existence headed the procession of being. His grandmotherly hand was warmly tucked-in the set sun of civilization, and in the twilight he prepares Man's evening meal of milk-and-morality and turns down the covers of the universal grave. And after the rest of us shall have retired for the night of eternal oblivion he will sit up to write a history of human civilization.

  FORCE, n.

  "Force is but might," the teacher said-

  "That definition's just."

  The boy said naught but thought instead,

  Remembering his pounded head:

  "Force is not might but must!"

  FOREFINGER, n. The finger commonly used in pointing out two malefactors.

  FOREORDINATION, n. This looks like an easy word to define, but when I consider that pious and learned theologians have spent long lives in explaining it, and written libraries to explain their explanations; when I remember the nations have been divided and bloody battles caused by the difference between foreordination and predestination, and that millions of treasure have been expended in the effort to prove and disprove its compatibility with freedom of the will and the efficacy of prayer, praise, and a religious life,-recalling these awful facts in the history of the word, I stand appalled before the mighty problem of its signification, abase my spiritual eyes, fearing to contemplate its portentous magnitude, reverently uncover and humbly refer it to His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons and His Grace Bishop Potter.

  FORGETFULNESS, n. A gift of God bestowed upon doctors in compensation for their destitution of conscience.

  FORK, n. An instrument used chiefly for the purpose of putting dead animals into the mouth. Formerly the knife was employed for this purpose, and by many worthy persons is still thought to have many advantages over the other tool, which, however, they do not altogether reject, but use to assist in charging the knife. The immunity of these persons from swift and awful death is one of the most striking proofs of God's mercy to those that hate Him.

  FORMA PAUPERIS. [Latin] In the character of a poor person-a method by which a litigant without money for lawyers is considerately permitted to lose his case.

  When Adam long ago in Cupid's awful court

  (For Cupid ruled ere Adam was invented)

  Sued for Eve's favor, says an ancient law report,

  He stood and pleaded unhabilimented.

  "You sue in forma pauperis, I see," Eve cried;

  "Actions can't here be that way prosecuted."

  So all poor Adam's motions coldly were denied:

  He went away-as he had come-nonsuited.

  G.J.

  FRANKALMOIGNE, n. The tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands on condition of praying for the soul of the donor. In mediaeval times many of the wealthiest fraternities obtained their estates in this simple and cheap manner, and once when Henry VIII of England sent an officer to confiscate certain vast possessions which a fraternity of monks held by frankalmoigne, "What!" said the Prior, "would you master stay our benefactor's soul in Purgatory?" "Ay," said the officer, coldly, "an ye will not pray him thence for naught he must e'en roast." "But look you, my son," persisted the good man, "this act hath rank as robbery of God!" "Nay, nay, good father, my master the king doth but deliver him from the manifold temptations of too great wealth."

  FREEBOOTER, n. A conqueror in a small way of business, whose annexations lack of the sanctifying merit of magnitude.

  FREEDOM, n. Exemption from the stress of authority in a beggarly half dozen of restraint's infinite multitude of methods. A political condition that every nation supposes itself to enjoy in virtual monopoly. Liberty. The distinction between freedom and liberty is not accurately known; naturalists have never been able to find a living specimen of either.

  Freedom, as every schoolboy knows,

  Once shrieked as Kosciusko fell;

  On every wind, indeed, that blows

  I hear her yell.

  She screams whenever monarchs meet,

  And parliaments as well,

  To bind the chains about her feet

  And toll her knell.

  And when the sovereign people cast

  The votes they cannot spell,

  Upon the pestilential blast

  Her clamors swell.

  For all to whom the power's given

  To sway or to compel,

  Among themselves apportion Heaven

  And give her Hell.

  Blary O'Gary

  FREEMASONS, n. An order with secret rites, grotesque ceremonies and fantastic costumes, which, originating in the reign of Charles II, among working artisans of London, has been joined successively by the dead of past centuries in unbroken retrogression until now it embraces all the generations of man on the hither side of Adam and is drumming up distinguished recruits among the pre-Creational inhabitants of Chaos and Formless Void. The order was founded at different times by Charlemagne, Julius Caesar, Cyrus, Solomon, Zoroaster, Confucious, Thothmes, and Buddha. Its emblems and symbols have been found in the Catacombs of Paris and Rome, on the stones of the Parthenon and the Chinese Great Wall, among the temples of Karnak and Palmyra and in the Egyptian Pyramids-always by a Freemason.

  FRIENDLESS, adj. Having no favors to bestow. Destitute of fortune. Addicted to utterance of truth and common sense.

  FRIENDSHIP, n. A ship big enough to carry two in fair weather, but only one in foul.

  The sea was calm and the sky was blue;

  Merrily, merrily sailed we two.

  (High barometer maketh glad.)

  On the tipsy ship, with a dreadful shout,

  The tempest descended and we fell out.

  (O the walking is nasty bad!)

  Armit Huff Bettle

  FROG, n. A reptile with edible legs. The first mention of frogs in profane literature is in Homer's narrative of the war between them and the mice. Skeptical persons have doubted Homer's authorship of the work, but the learned, ingenious and industrious Dr. Schliemann has set the question forever at rest by uncovering the bones of the slain frogs. One of the forms of moral suasion by which Pharaoh was besought to favor the Israelities was a plague of frogs, but Pharaoh, who liked them fricasees, remarked, with truly oriental stoicism, that he could stand it as long as the frogs and the Jews could; so the programme was changed. The frog is a diligent songster, having a good voice but no ear. The libretto of his favorite opera, as written by Aristophanes, is brief, simple and effective-"brekekex-koax"; the music is apparently by that eminent composer, Richard Wagner. Horses have a frog in each hoof-a thoughtful provision of nature, enabling them to shine in a hurdle race.

  FRYING-PAN, n. One part of the penal apparatus employed in that punitive institution, a woman's kitchen. The frying-pan was invented by Calvin, and by him used in cooking span-long infants that had died without baptism; and observing one day the horrible torment of a tramp who had incautiously pulled a fried babe from the waste-dump and devoured it, it occurred to the great divine to rob death of its terrors by introducing the frying-pan into every household in Geneva. Thence it spread to all corners of the world, and has been of invaluable assistance in the propagation of his sombre faith. The following lines (said to be from the pen of his Grace Bishop Potter) seem to imply that the usefulness of this utensil is not limited to this world; but as the consequences of its employment in this life reach over into the life to come, so also itself may be found on the other side, rewarding its devotees:

  Old Nick was summoned to the skies.

  Said Peter: "Your intentions

  Are good, but you lack enterprise

  Concerning new inventions.

  "Now, broiling in an ancient plan

  Of torment, but I hear it

  Reported that the frying-pan

  Sears best the wicked spirit.

  "Go get one-fill it up with fat-

  Fry sinners brown and good in't."

  "I know a trick worth
two o' that,"

  Said Nick-"I'll cook their food in't."

  FUNERAL, n. A pageant whereby we attest our respect for the dead by enriching the undertaker, and strengthen our grief by an expenditure that deepens our groans and doubles our tears.

  The savage dies-they sacrifice a horse

  To bear to happy hunting-grounds the corse.

  Our friends expire-we make the money fly

  In hope their souls will chase it to the sky.

  Jex Wopley

  FUTURE, n. That period of time in which our affairs prosper, our friends are true and our happiness is assured.

  G

  GALLOWS, n. A stage for the performance of miracle plays, in which the leading actor is translated to heaven. In this country the gallows is chiefly remarkable for the number of persons who escape it.

  Whether on the gallows high

  Or where blood flows the reddest,

  The noblest place for man to die-

  Is where he died the deadest.

  (Old play)

  GARGOYLE, n. A rain-spout projecting from the eaves of mediaeval buildings, commonly fashioned into a grotesque caricature of some personal enemy of the architect or owner of the building. This was especially the case in churches and ecclesiastical structures generally, in which the gargoyles presented a perfect rogues' gallery of local heretics and controversialists. Sometimes when a new dean and chapter were installed the old gargoyles were removed and others substituted having a closer relation to the private animosities of the new incumbents.

  GARTHER, n. An elastic band intended to keep a woman from coming out of her stockings and desolating the country.

  GENEROUS, adj. Originally this word meant noble by birth and was rightly applied to a great multitude of persons. It now means noble by nature and is taking a bit of a rest.