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The 20 Most Significant Events of the Civil War

Page 29

by Alan Axelrod


  Army of Tennessee, 66–67, 151, 162–170

  Army of the Ohio, 166–199

  Army of the Potomac. see also Battle of Antietam (Sept. 17, 1862); Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30-May 6, 1863); Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863); Buford, Maj. Gen. John; Bull Run, Second Battle (Aug. 28-30 1862); Burnside, Maj. Gen. Ambrose; McClellan, Maj. Gen. George Brinton; Pope, Maj. Gen. John; Seven Day Battles (June 25-July 1, 1862)

  Buford holds high ground, 75–80

  Burnside chosen to lead, 4, 189–200

  Chancellorsville, 180–183

  defeated, Grant advances, 149–158

  McClellan training, 192–193

  McClellan underestimates numbers, 46–52

  as McClellan’s “bodyguard,” 87–88

  naval support for, 229

  ordered to restore order at New York riots, 98

  Army of the Potomac Cavalry Corps, 156

  Army of Virginia, 87, 134–136, 178–188, 202–207. see also Pope, Maj. Gen. John; Seven Day Battles (June 25-July 1, 1862)

  Association for the Relief of Maimed Soldiers, 233

  Atlanta (Sept. 2, 1864), 101

  Atlanta Campaign (May 7-Sept. 2, 1864), 91–92

  Atzerodt, George A., 108, 114–115

  B

  Baltic, 38–40

  Banks, Brig. Gen. Nathan, 144

  Banks, Nathaniel P., 15

  “Barbarism of Slavery,” 16

  Barnes, Surgeon Gen. Joseph K., 113

  Bartow, Gen. Francis, 125–126

  Battery C, Independent Pennsylvania Artillery, 112

  Battle of Antietam (Sept. 17, 1862), 69, 87–88

  Battle of Appomattox (April 9, 1865), 6, 60–67, 249

  Battle of Bull Run, First, 1861, 2

  Battle of Cerro Gordo (April 18, 1847), 131

  Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30-May 6, 1863), 4, 69, 75, 136–137, 178–188

  Battle of Chapultepec (Sept. 12-13, 1847), 131

  Battle of Drewry’s Bluff (May 15, 1862), 229

  Battle of Five Forks, (1862), 60

  Battle of Fredericksburg (Dec. 11-15, 1862), 69, 75, 179, 195–199

  Battle of Gaines Mill (June 27), 135

  Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863), 56, 68–71, 75–84, 132, 137–138, 149. see also Buford, Maj. Gen. John; Chamberlain, Maj. Gen. Joshua Lawrence; Pickett, Maj. Gen. George; “Pickett’s Charge”

  Battle of Groveton (1862), 205

  Battle of Hampton Roads (March 8-9, 1862), 219

  Battle of Hastings, 1066, 68

  Battle of Malvern Hill (July1, 1862), 135, 201–202

  Battle of Megiddo, 1469 BC, 68

  Battle of New Bern (March 14, 1862), 192

  Battle of Oak Grove (June, 25, 1862), 135

  Battle of Seven Pines (1862), 134

  Battle of Shiloh (April 6-7, 1862), 150, 159–170

  Battle of White Oak Swamp Creek (June 30, 1962), 135

  Battle of Wood Lake (Sept. 23, 1862), 240

  Battle of Yellow Tavern (May 11, 1863), 156–157

  Battle of Yorktown, 1781, 68

  Bayou Baxter, 144

  Bayou Macon, 144

  Beauregard, Gen. P. G. T., 2, 7, 37–43, 122–124, 126–127, 168. see also Battle of Shiloh (April 6-7, 1862); Bull Run, First Battle of (July 21, 1861); Fort Sumter

  Bee, Brig. Gen. Barnard, 124–125

  Bell, John, 20

  Bellows, Henry Whitney, 234

  Ben-Hur, 162

  Bethel Station, 162

  Bill of Rights, 214

  Bittersdorf, August, 105

  “Black Hat Brigade,” 77, 205

  “Black Lincoln,” 31, 107

  “Black Lincoln” is Inaugurated, 18

  Black River, 144

  Blackburn’s Ford, 122–125

  Blair, Postmaster Gen. Montgomery, 37, 48–49

  “Bleeding Kansas,” 12, 17, 209

  Bliss, Dr. Willard, 113

  Bloody Angle, 156–157

  Bloody Bill Anderson Leads the Centralia Massacre, September 27, 1864, 248–249

  Bloody Lane, 52, 56

  Bolton, Lt. James, 111

  Bonaparte, Napoleon, 201–202

  Booth, John Wilkes, 6, 22, 107–111, 113–114, 116

  border states, challenge of, 45–47

  Bowdoin College, 56

  Brady, Mathew, 190

  Bragg, Gen. Braxton, 140, 169

  Breckenridge, Gen. John C., 20, 169

  British Sanitary Commission, 234

  Brooks, Preston, 1, 7–9

  Brooks assaults Sumner, 7

  Brown, John, 1, 107–108, 132–133, 208–218

  Brown, Oliver, 216

  Brown, Watson, 216

  Buchanan, Capt. Franklin, 224–225

  Buchanan, President James, 18, 20, 23, 28, 37–43, 212, 214–217, 232

  Buckingham, Catharinus Putnam, 194–195

  Buell, Maj. Gen. Don Carlos, 49, 140, 166, 169–170

  Buford, Maj. Gen. John, 70, 75–80

  Bull Run, 49, 58

  Bull Run, First Battle of (July 21, 1861), 86–87, 117–122, 136, 149, 179, 190

  Bull Run, Second Battle (Aug. 28-30 1862), 49, 87, 136, 201–207

  Burns, George H., 25

  Burnside, Maj. Gen. Ambrose, 4, 52, 100, 125–126, 149, 179, 189–200. see also Army of the Potomac; Battle of Fredericksburg (Dec. 11-15, 1862); “Mud March”

  Burroughs, Joseph “Johnny Peanuts,” 110–111

  Butler, Andrew, 13

  Butler, Maj. Gen. Benjamin F., 143, 237–238

  Butler’s Ditch, 143

  C

  Calhoun, John C., 10–11, 210

  California, 11–12

  Cameron, Simon, 38

  Canby, Maj. Gen. Edward R. S., 67, 114

  Cannae, 216 BC, 51

  Cashtown, 70

  Cass, Lewis, 210

  Castle Pinckney, 34

  casualties, Gettysburg, 71–72

  Cemetery Hill, 79, 82–85

  Cemetery Ridge, 78, 132

  Centreville, 122

  Chalmers, Brig. Gen. James R., 245

  Chamberlain, Maj. Gen. Joshua Lawrence, 56–58, 82

  Chamberlain holds Little Round Top, 78–82

  Champion Hill, 145

  Charles L. Webster and Company, 64

  Charleston Harbor, 32–33

  Chase, Salmon P., 53, 87–89

  Cheat Mountain, 134

  Chesnut, James, 40

  Chew, Robert L., 38

  Chickahominy, 158

  Chickasaw Bluffs, 143

  Chinn Ridge, 126

  The Citadel, 35

  citizenship of Americans, mid-nineteenth century, 95

  City of Louisiana, 234

  Civil War Timeline

  #1 Preston Brooks assaults abolitionist Charles Sumner, 1

  #2 “Black Lincoln” Is Inaugurated, 2

  #3 General Beauregard Opens Fire on Fort Sumter, 2

  #4 Lincoln Issues the “Preliminary” Emancipation Proclamation, 4

  #5 Lee Surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, 6

  #6 Two Minutes at Gettysburg, 5

  #8 New York Draft Rioters Set Fire to the Orphan Asylum for Colored Children, 5

  #9 John Wilkes Booth Assassinates Abraham Lincoln, 6

  #10 The Rebels Win at Bull Run, 2

  #11 Lee Rises to Top Command in the Confederacy, 3

  #12 Vicksburg Falls to Grant, 5

  #13 Defeated, Grant Advances, 5–6

  #14 Shiloh Creates a New American Reality, 3

  #15 Congress Passes the Homestead Act of 1862, 3

  #16 Stonewall Jackson Falls to Friendly Fire at Chancellorsville, 4

  #17 Lincoln Chooses Burnside to Lead the Army of the Potomac, 4

  #18 Lee Divides and Conquers at the Second Battle of Bull Run, 4

  #19 John Brown Raids Harpers Ferry, 1

  #20 The Ironclads Clash at Hampton Roads, 3

  The 54th Massachusetts Inf
antry Regiment Assaults Fort Wagner, 5

  Bloody Bill Anderson Leads the Centralia Massacre, 6

  Confederate “Diplomats” Mason and Slidell Are Seized from the British-flagged Trent, 2

  Congress Passes the Wade-Davis Bill, 6

  CSS Alabama Is Commissioned by the Confederate States Navy, 4

  The Dix-Hill Prisoner Exchange Is Signed, 3

  The Great Santee Sioux Uprising Begins in Minnesota, 3

  Nathan Bedford Forrest Leads the Fort Pillow Massacre, 5

  South Carolina Secedes from the Union, 1

  The United States Sanitary Commission Is Authorized, 2

  Clarke, John Sleeper, 108

  Clay, Henry, 11–12, 210–211

  Clemons, Samuel Langhorne, 64

  coastal forts, 32–33

  code of chivalry, 13–14

  Cold Harbor, 158

  Coldwater River, 144

  Colored Orphan Asylum, 96–101

  “commutation fee,” 95

  compensated emancipation, 22, 45–47, 54

  Compromise of 1850, 211

  Confederate Army of Tennessee, 151

  Confederate “Diplomats” Mason and Slidell Are Seized from the British-flagged Trent, November 8, 1861, 234–236

  Confederate States, 18

  Confederate States, birth of, 21. see also abolitionist movement; Army of Northern Virginia; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; slavery issue

  Confederate War Department, Richmond, Virginia, 99

  “Confederate White House,” 59

  Conger, Col. Everton J., 114

  Congress Passes the Wade-Davis Bill, Mandating a Punitive Reconstruction Policy, July 2, 1864, 246–248

  Conscription Act, 99

  conscription law, 94–95

  Constitutional Union Party, 20

  “Convention of the People of South Carolina,” 232

  Cook, Elmira, 72–73

  Cook’s Mill, 72–73

  Copperheads, 99–101

  Corbett, Sgt. Corbett, 114

  “Crime Against Kansas,” 13

  Crimean War (1853-56), 234

  Crittenden, John J., 14–15, 23

  Crittenden Compromise, 14, 23

  Crump’s Landing, 162

  CSS Alabama, 3, 240–243

  CSS Alabama Is Commissioned by the Confederate States Navy, August 24, 1862, 240–243

  CSS H. L. Hunley, 221–222, 230

  CSS Sumter, 240–243

  CSS Virginia (Merrimack), 219, 224–230

  Culp’s Hill, 78–79, 82

  Curtin, Governor Andrew Gregg, 71–72

  Custer, Brevet Maj. Gen. George Armstrong, 60, 63

  Custis, George Washington Parke, 130, 132

  D

  Dana, Charles A., 105–106

  Davis, President Jefferson. see also Lee, Gen. Robert E.

  appoints Davis as personal military advisor, 134

  appoints Lee, 128, 132

  and Battle of Shiloh, 168

  and Bull Run, 122–123

  and Dix-Hill Cartel, 237

  evacuates Richmond, 59

  and Fort Sumter, 38

  as interim president of the Confederate states, 21, 93–94

  Mason and Slidell named “diplomats,” 234

  offers to negotiate with Lincoln for peace, 24

  Davis, Rep. Henry Winter, 246–248

  Deer Creek, 145

  Democratic National Convention, 1864, 101

  Democratic Party, 20, 87–89

  Department of East Louisana, Mississippi and Alabama, 67

  Devil’s Den, 81

  Dix, Maj. Gen. John A., 237–238

  Dix-Hill Cartel, 237–238

  The Dix-Hill Prisoner Exchange Is Signed, July 22, 1862, 236–238

  Dixie, 26–27

  “Dixie Greys,” 163–169

  Dixon, Elizabeth, 112

  Dixon, James, 112

  Doubleday, Capt. Abner, 41, 78

  Douglas, Frederick, 90

  Douglas, Stephen A., 20–22

  draft riot, 96–101

  Dred Scott v. Sandford, 16–17, 213

  E

  Early, Maj. Gen. Jubal, 70, 77–78, 126, 182

  East Cemetery Hill, 78

  Eastern Theater, 150, 238

  Edmundson, Henry A., 13–15

  8th Wisconsin Regiment, 142–143

  Elmira (Hellmira), 64–65, 236–237

  Elzey, Gen. Arnold, 126

  Emancipation Proclamation, 55, 72, 96, 99, 243

  Emerson, Dr. John, 16–17

  Emmett, Dan, 26–27

  Enrica, 241

  Ericsson, John, 226–227

  “Evacuating Lee,” 134

  Evans, Col. Nathan “Shanks,” 125

  Everett, Edward, 71–74

  Ewell, Maj. Gen. Richard Stoddart, 61, 78–79

  Ewell’s Corps, 156

  F

  Fairfax Court House, 122

  Farey, Lieutenant Henry S., 40

  54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment Assaults Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863, 243–244

  Fifth Amendment, 17, 214

  54th Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, 101

  “fire-eaters,” 33, 36, 40

  1st Cavalry, 133

  1st Artillery, 34

  1st Division (Forrest’s Cavalry Corps), 245

  1st Rhode Island Volunteer Regiment, 192

  Flexner, James Thomas, 128

  Florence Trenchard, 106–107

  Ford, Frank, 108

  Ford, Gen. John Salmon “Rip,” 67

  Ford, Harry Clay, 108

  Ford’s Theatre, 103, 106–108, 115

  Forrest, Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford, 5, 49, 143, 244–246

  Fort Calhoun, 130

  Fort Donelson (falls to Grant on Feb. 11, 1862), 140–141, 147, 160–161

  Fort Hamilton, 130

  Fort Henry (falls to Grant on Feb. 6, 1862), 140–141, 160–161

  Fort Hill, 142

  Fort Monroe, 130

  Fort Moultrie, 33–35

  Fort Pemberton, 145

  Fort Pickens, 41

  Fort Pillow Garrison, 245–246

  Fort Pillow Massacre, 246

  Fort Pulaski, 44–45, 130

  Fort Sumter, 7, 32–35, 37–43, 103, 120

  Fort Wagner, 2nd Battle (July 18, 1863), 101

  Fort Warren, 235

  Fox, Gustavus V., 37, 41

  Franklin, Maj. Gen. William B., 135, 195, 197–198

  “Free Soil Militia,” 211

  Free Soil Party, 12

  Freedman’s Bureau, 175

  Frémont, Gen. John Charles, 20, 44, 90

  fugituve slave law, 12

  G

  Garnett’s & Golding’s Farms (June 27–28), 135

  Gen. Beauregard Opens Fire on Fort Sumter, 31

  Gen. Order 9, 66

  Gen. Order Number 38, 100

  General Order No. 182, 194–195

  Georgia Relief and Hospital Association, 233

  Gettysburg Address, 5, 68, 72–75

  G.I. Bill, 171

  “Gibraltar of the Chesapeake,” 130

  “Gibraltar of the Confederacy,” 93

  “Gibraltar of the West,” 141

  Goodman, Sgt. Thomas, 248–249

  Gordon, Brig. Gen. John Brown, 52, 56–57, 61–63

  Gosport Navy Yard, 221–222

  gradual emancipation, 45–46

  “Grand Divisions,” 195–198

  “Granny Lee,” 134

  Grant, Gen. Ulysses S. see also Appomattox Court House, Virginia; Army of the Potomac; Battle of Shiloh (April 6-7, 1862); Cold Harbor; Fort Donelson (falls to Grant on Feb. 11, 1862); Fort Henry (falls to Grant on Feb. 6, 1862); Overland Campaign; Vicksburg, siege of; Yazoo Pass Expedition

  Appomattox Court House, Virginia, 249

  Booth plans to shoot, 109

  on Burnside, 194

  declines Ford’s Theatre invitation, 103–105

  and Draft Riots, 93

  Pe
rsonal Memoirs, 63–64, 140, 160–161, 194

  surrender at Appomattox, 22

  at Vicksburg, 56–67

  Vicksburg, siege of, 5–6

  Grant, Julia, 105

  Great Redoubt, 142

  The Great Santee Sioux Uprising Begins in Minnesota, August 17, 1862, 238–240

  Great Sioux Nation, 238

  Great Western Depot, 18

  Greeley, Horace, 45

  Greene, Lt. Samuel Dana, 228–229

  Grover’s Theatre, 108

  Gurley, Rev. Phineas T., 112–113

  H

  Habana, 240

  “Hail to the Chief,” 107

  Hale, Lucy Lambert, 103

  Hale, Senator John P., 103

  Halleck, Maj. Gen. Henry Wager “Old Brains,” 140–141, 145–146, 149–150, 155, 199

  Hall’s Rifle Works, 214

  Hamlin, Hannibal, 48

  Hammond, James Henry, 222

  Hancock, Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott, 78, 156

  Hannibal, 51

  Hanson, Alexander Contee, 129

  Hardee, Gen. William J., 169

  hardtack, 180

  Harlem & New Haven Railroad, 96–97

  Harpers Ferry, 208–218

  Harper’s Weekly, 97–98

  Harris, Clara, 106–107, 110, 115

  Harrison, Henry Thomas, 75

  Harrison’s Landing, 49

  Hawk, Harry, 109–111

  Hay, John, 105

  Hayes, President Rutherford B., 175

  Hayne, Isaac W., 36

  Headley, Joel T., 96–97

  Heintzelman, Maj. Gen. Samuel P., 206

  Henry House Hill, 125–127, 206

  Herold, David, 108–109, 114–115

  Heth, Gen. Henry, 68, 75, 77

  Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 214

  High Bridge, 62

  Hill, Gen. A. P., 77

  Hill, Maj. Gen. Daniel Harvey, 51–52, 70–71, 75, 237–238

  HMS Trent, 2

  Homestead Act, 1862, 3, 171–177

  Hood, Maj. Gen. John Bell, 81–82

  Hooker, Gen. Joseph “Fighting Joe,” 52, 136–137, 149, 152, 178–188, 195. see also Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30-May 6, 1863)

  Hope, John, 192

  Hornet’s Nest, 163–166

  Hough, Private Daniel, 43

  Howard, Gen. O. O., 77, 182

  Howard, Joseph, Jr., 26–27

  Howe, Samuel Gridley, 214

  Hunter, Maj. Gen. David, 44–45

  I

  I Corps, 77–79, 193, 205

  Iberian Peninsula, 201–202

  II Corps, 79

  III Corps, 79–81

  Illinois, 18

  Inaugural Address, Second, 91–92

  The Indispensable Man, 128

  Irish immigrants, New York, 96–97

  “Iron Brigade,” 77, 205

  ironclads, clash of, 219–230

  Island No. 10, 143, 203

  IX Corps, 193, 206

  J

  Jackson, Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall,” 2–4, 49–51, 124–127, 130–131, 178–188, 216. see also Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30-May 6, 1863); Battle of Fredericksburg (Dec. 11-15, 1862); Bull Run, First Battle of (July 21, 1861); Bull Run, Second Battle (Aug. 28-30 1862)

 

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