Book Read Free

The Fast Times of Albert Champion

Page 47

by Peter Joffre Nye


  57. “Life of Albert Champion Like That of Alger Hero: Errand Boy and Bicycle Racer, He Dies a Wealthy Man,” Boston Traveler, October 28, 1927.

  58. Martin, “Sparkplug Millions Explode in Tragedy.” On April 12, 2006, Bernadette Murphy, my Paris researcher, visited the Paris police archives in search of the commissariat reports for the First and Eighth Arrondissements, where the Hôtel Crillon and Hôtel Meurice are located, and discovered that all files from 1920 into the early 1930s for both arrondissements have disappeared—either accidentally misplaced or deliberately destroyed.

  59. Ibid.

  60. Program of the memorial service at the Church of the American on Avenue Georges V, listing the Champion brothers along with Basil de Guichard, Pierre Tournier, and their families, nephews, nieces, and friends.

  61. Ibid.

  62. Martin, “Sparkplug Millions Explode in Tragedy.”

  63. Phone interview with Kerry Champion Williams, October 15, 2005. Family photos of the late 1920s show the bust of Champion, no longer in view.

  64. Bernadette Murphy in an e-mail of October 13, 2004, reported that she had interviewed the St. Cloud cemetery caretaker, a character out of a Balzac novel. The caretaker in his small office pulled from the top of a wardrobe armoire a huge old leather-bound cemetery register. It indicated that Marie Blanche Champion’s remains were exhumed on July 25, 1928, and “transferred across Paris.” Records in Père Lachaise Cemetery indicate Albert and his mother were placed in metal coffins on July 25, 1928, one on either side of the cavity, which contains room for six more family members.

  CHAPTER 17. THE LOWDOWN

  1. “‘I’m No Gigolo!’ Charles Brazelle Tells Why,” New York Daily Mirror, April 26, 1935, p. 1.

  2. Martha Martin, “Sparkplug Millions Explode in Tragedy: Death Wipes out Triangle of Champion, No. 2 and Gigolo,” New York Sunday News, April 26, 1936.

  3. “Widow Given Champion Gold,” Detroit Times, November 16, 1927.

  4. “New Executive Name for AC Spark Plug Co.,” Detroit News, November 25, 1927.

  5. Martin, “Sparkplug Millions Explode in Tragedy.”

  6. Ibid.

  7. Ibid.

  8. Ibid.

  9. Ibid.

  10. Ibid.

  11. Ibid.

  12. Ibid.

  13. Ibid.

  14. Ibid.

  15. “Mrs. Brazelle Dies in Paris of Pneumonia: She Spent Girlhood in St. Louis—Former Wife of David G. Joyce,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, April 11, 1930; “Mrs. Acuff Brazelle Succumbs in Paris: Former St. Louisan Stricken with Pneumonia after Italian Tour,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, April 11, 1930; “Mrs. C. L. Brazelle Dies in Paris,” New York Times, April 12, 1930.

  16. Martin, “Sparkplug Millions Explode in Tragedy.”

  17. Ibid.

  18. Ibid.

  19. Ibid.

  20. Ibid.

  21. “Champion’s Widow Leaves $8,000,000: Three Michigan Relatives Are Included in Five Sharing in Estate,” Flint Journal, March 26, 1935; “Champion Kin Get 8 Million: Estate Is Bequeathed to Family Here,” Detroit Free Press, March 28, 1935.

  22. L. L. Stevenson, “Charge 6 Million Will Plot: Friend Begins Court Battle—N.Y. Club Man Says He Lived with Mrs. Champion for 8 Years in Penthouse,” Detroit News, April 23, 1935; Tony Mayfair, “Widow’s Estate Sued in Common Law: Rich Mrs. Champion Lived with War Vet, He Says in Suit—Claims Family Fed Her Liquor to Keep Her Hidden Away,” New York Mirror, April 22, 1935; “Hearing Set on Champion Will Battle: Brazelle Admits Living as ‘Man and Wife’ with Widow of Spark Plug King,” Flint News-Advertiser, April 25, 1935; Joseph Cowan, “Dead Widow’s Friend Sues for Estate: Brazelle Charges Conspiracy to Bar Him from Woman,” New York Evening Journal, April 22, 1935; “Family Named in Suit on Will of Mrs. Champion: Turned Widow of Spark Plug Manufacturer against Him, Charles Brazelle Charges,” New York Herald-Tribune, April 23, 1935; Hal Burton, “Lover Sues Spark Plug Widow’s Kin,” New York News, April 23, 1935; Tony Mayfair, “Brazelle Bares Story of Love: ‘Common Law’ Hubby Fights for Estate,” New York Daily Mirror, April 26, 1935; “Seeks to Break Spark Plug Will: ‘Protégé’ of Champion’s Widow Says He Shared Her Penthouse,” Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 23, 1935.

  23. “Boxer Fights A. C. Champion Widow’s Will: Share in $6,000,000 Estate Demanded on Claim of ‘Common-Law Husband,’” Detroit Times, June 16, 1935; “Charge Terrorism in Champion Suit: King of Spark Plug King’s Widow Accuses Former Boxer,” Grand Rapids Press (Michigan), June 15, 1935; “Violent Death of Plug King Bared in Suit,” New York Daily News, June 15, 1935.

  24. “Millionaire’s Death Laid to Boxer’s Punch in Suit over Champion Estate,” New York American, June 15, 1935; “Ex-Pug, Who Made Widow of Late Lover, Seeking Part of Fortune,” State Times-Advocate (Baton Rouge, LA), June 15, 1935.

  25. Lainie K. Holman, staff physician of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, interview October 18, 2010, with the author in New York; e-mails October 11, 2010, and August 28, 2012, with Bill Mallon, MD, of Duke University Medical Center.

  26. “C. L. Brazelle Dead; Sanitarium Manager,” New York Times, December 20, 1935.

  27. Scott R. Lawson, General Director for Marketing Services at ACDelco in Grand Blanc, MI, letter of May 3, 2012, to author.

  Allen, Frederick Lewis. Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 1920s. New York: Harper and Row, 1931.

  Bastide, Roger, Robert Chapatte, and Dominique Grimault. Les Légendaires: Des Temps Héroïques a l’Avenèment de Coppi, 1869–1942. Paris: La Maison du Sport, 1988.

  Berg, Frederick Lewis. Lindbergh. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1998.

  Borgeson, Griffith. The Golden Age of the American Racing Car, 2nd ed. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1998.

  Brady, William A. Showman: My Life Story. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1937.

  Breyer, Victor, and Robert Coquelle. Les Rois du Cycle: Comment Sont Devenus Champions. Paris: Le Vélo, 1898.

  Browning, Reed. Cy Young: A Baseball Life. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2003.

  Brinkley, Douglas. Wheels for the World: Henry Ford, His Company and a Century of Progress. New York: Viking Press, 2003.

  Case, Ted. Power Plays: The U.S. Presidency, Electric Cooperatives, and the Transformation of Rural America. Wilsonville, OR: Ted Case, 2013.

  Chany, Pierre. La Fabuleuse Histoire du Cyclisme: Des Origines à 1955. Paris: Nathan, 1988.

  Chernow, Ron. The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance. New York: Grove Press, 1990.

  Christiansen, Rupert. Paris Babylon: The Story of the Paris Commune. New York: Viking, 1995.

  Chrysler, Walter P., with Boydon Sparkes. Life of an American Workman. New York: Curtis Publishing, 1938.

  Curcio, Vincent. Chrysler: The Life and Times of an Automotive Genius. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

  Dodge, Prior. The Bicycle. Paris: Flammarion, 1996.

  Doyle, Gary D. King of the Boards: The Life and Times of Jimmy Murphy. Tempe, AZ: Ben Franklin Press, 2002.

  du Cros, Arthur. Wheels of Fortune: A Salute to Pioneers. London: Chapman and Hall, 1938.

  Duncan, H. O. Vingt Ans de Cyclisme Pratique: Étude Complète du Cyclist de 1876 a Ce Jour. Paris: F. Juven, 1897.

  Durant, William C. William C. Durant: In His Own Words, The Unedited Memoirs of William C. Durant. Flint, MI: Scharchburg Archives at Kettering University, 2008.

  Durso, Joseph. Madison Square Garden: 100 Years of History. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1979.

  Erwin, John M., and A. A. Zimmerman. Zimmerman Abroad and Points on Training. Chicago: Blakely Printing Company, 1895.

  Farber, David. Sloan Rules: Alfred P. Sloan and the Triumph of General Motors. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

  Feinblatt, Ebria, and Bruce Davis. Toulouse-Lautrec and His Contemporaries: Posters of the Belle Époque, from the Wagner Collection. Ne
w York: Los Angeles County Museum of Art in association with Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1985.

  Fisher, Jerry M. The Pacesetter: The Untold Story of Carl G. Fisher, Creator of the Indy 500, Miami Beach, and the Lincoln Highway. Fort Bragg, CA: Lost Coast Press, 1998.

  Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Crack-Up. New York: Scribner, 1931.

  _____. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner, 1925.

  Frey, Julia. Toulouse-Lautrec: A Life. New York: Viking, 1994.

  Galbraith, John Kenneth. The Great Crash. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1954.

  Gladwell, Malcolm. Outliers: The Story of Success. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2008.

  _____. The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. New York: Back Bay Books/Little, Brown, and Company, 2000.

  Glasscock, Carl Burgess. The Gasoline Age: The Story of the Men Who Made It. New York: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1937.

  Goddard, Stephen B. Colonel Albert Pope and His American Dream Machines: The Life and Times of a Bicycle Tycoon Turned Automotive Pioneer. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, 2000.

  _____. Getting There: The Epic Struggle Between Road and Rail in the American Century. New York: Basic Books, 1994.

  Gustin, Lawrence R. Billy Durant: Creator of General Motors. Flushing, MI: Craneshaw Publishers, 1984.

  Harper, William A. How You Played the Game: The Life of Grantland Rice. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1999.

  Hatfield, Jerry H. American Racing Motorcycles. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International, 1989.

  Hemingway, Ernest. A Moveable Feast. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1964.

  Herlihy, David. Bicycle: The History. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004.

  _____. The Lost Cyclist: The Epic Tale of an American Adventurer and His Mysterious Disappearance. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010.

  Higonnet, Patrice. Paris: Capital of the World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002.

  Hillenbrand, Laura. Seabiscuit: An American Legend. New York: Ballantine Books, 2002.

  Hofstadter, Richard. The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F.D.R. New York: Vintage Books, 1955.

  Homan, Andrew M. Life in the Slipstream: The Legend of Bobby Walthour Sr. Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2011.

  Horne, Alistair. The Seven Ages of Paris. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002.

  Hounshell, David A. From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985.

  Husband, Julie, and Jim O’Loughlin. Daily Life in the United States, 1870–1900. Westport, CT: Green-wood Press, 2004.

  Ide, Evan P. Packard Motor Car Company. Charlestown, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2003.

  Kanigel, Robert. The One Best Way: Frederick Winslow Taylor and the Enigma of Efficiency. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005.

  Kaplan, Rachel. Little-Known Museums in and around Paris. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996.

  Keynes, John Maynard. The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1936.

  Kluger, Richard. The Paper: The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune. New York: Vintage Books, 1989.

  Kroplick, Howard. Vanderbilt Cup Races of Long Island. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2008.

  Lacey, Robert. Ford: The Men and the Machine. New York: Ballantine Books, 1986.

  LaMarre, Thomas S. One Piece at a Time: The Cars of C. H. Metz. Kutztown, PA: Automobile Quarterly 32, no. 3 (January 1994).

  Larson, Erik. The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair That Changed America. New York: Vintage Books, 2009.

  Leblanc, Jean-Marie. The Official Tour de France Centennial: 1903–2003. London: Weidenfield and Nicolson, 2004.

  MacMillan, Margaret. Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World. New York: Random House, 2002.

  Madsen, Axel. The Deal Maker: How William C. Durant Made General Motors. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1999.

  Maertelaere, Roger de. De Mannen van de Nacht, 100 Jaer Zesdaagsen. Eeklo, Belgium: De Eecloonaar, 2000.

  McCullough, David. The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011.

  McDonald, John. A Ghost’s Memoir: The Making of Alfred P. Sloan’s General Motors. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002.

  Mead, Marion. Bobbed Hair and Bathtub Gin: Writers Running Wild in the Twenties—Edna St. Vincent Millay, Dorothy Parker, Zelda Fitzgerald, and Edna Ferber. New York: Harcourt, 2004.

  Nolan, William F. Barney Oldfield: The Life and Times of America’s Legendary Speed King. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1961.

  Orlean, Susan. Rin Tin Tin: The Life and the Legend. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011.

  Pelfrey, William. Billy, Alfred, and General Motors: The Story of the Two Unique Men, a Legendary Company, and a Remarkable Time in American History. New York: American Management Association, 2006.

  Perman, Stacy. A Grand Complication: The Race to Build the World’s Most Legendary Watch. New York: Atria Books, 2013.

  Poisson, Michael. Paris: Buildings and Monuments. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1999.

  Pommier, Gérard and Bertrand. Nieuport: A Biography of Edouard Nieuport. Atglen, PA: Shifter Publishing, 2002.

  Pound, Arthur. The Turning Wheel: The Story of General Motors through Twenty-Five Years, 1908–1933. New York: Doubleday, Doran and Company, 1934.

  Rae, John B. The American Automobile, A Brief History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965.

  _____. American Automobile Manufacturers: The First Forty Years. Philadelphia: Chilton, 1959.

  Rennert, Jack. 100 Years of Bicycle Posters. New York: Darien House, 1973.

  _____. Poster Ecstasy, vol. 28. New York: Poster Auctions International, Inc., 1998.

  _____. Prima Posters, vol. 14. New York: Poster Auctions International, 1994.

  Ritchie, Andrew. Flying Yankee: The International Cycling Career of Arthur Augustus Zimmerman. Cheltenham, UK: John Pinkerton Memorial Publishing Fund, 2009.

  _____. Major Taylor: The Extraordinary Career of a Champion. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.

  Robb, Graham. The Discovery of France: Historical Geography from the Revolution to the First World War. New York: W. W. Norton, 2006.

  Scharchburg, Richard P. W. C. Durant: “The Boss.” Flint, MI: General Motors Institute, 1973.

  Sergent, Pascal. A Century of Paris-Roubaix. Brussels, Belgium: De Eecloonaar, 1997.

  Sinsabaugh, Chris. Who Me? Forty Years of Automobile History. Detroit: Arnold-Powers, 1940.

  Sloan, Alfred P. Jr., with Boyden Sparkes. Adventures of a White Collar Man. New York: Doubleday, Doran and Company, 1941.

  Sloan, Alfred P. Jr., with John McDonald. My Years with General Motors. New York: Currency and Doubleday, 1990.

  Thurow, Lester. Fortune Favors the Bold. New York: HarperBusiness, 2003.

  Weisberger, Bernard A. The Dream Maker: William C. Durant, Founder of General Motors. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1979.

  Williamson, Geoffrey. Wheels within Wheels: The Story of the Starleys of Coventry. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1966.

  Woodland, Les. Paris-Roubaix: The Inside Story, All the Bumps of Cycling’s Cobbled Classic. Cherokee Village, AR: McGann Publishing, 2013.

  OTHER DOCUMENTS

  Beasley, Norman. “Albert Champion: The Office Boy Who Was Taught That a Race Is Won before the Race and There Is No Such Thing as ‘Good Enough.’” MoTor (New York), September 1926. Reprinted by AC Spark Plug Company.

  Champion, Albert. “Piloting Motor Driven Racers.” MoTor (New York), December 1903.

  _____. “Spark-Plugs for High-Speed Engines,” 1917 Transactions. New York: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1918.

  Chevrolet Photo Album. From the Collections of the Richard P. Scharchburg Archives, published to celebrate the one hundredth anniversary of the Chevrolet Motor Company. Flint, MI: Kettering University, 2011.

  “Col. Pope Passes
Away.” Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review (New York), August 4, 1909.

  Chronicle of America: From Prehistory to Today. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 1995.

  Editors of Automobile Quarterly Magazine, GM: The First 75 Years of Transportation Products. Princeton, NJ: Automobile Quarterly Magazine; Detroit: General Motors, 1983.

  “Handling Quality Goods Brings Jobbers Success: Albert Champion Talked to Accessory Distributors of New England on Relations Between Manufacturer, Jobber, Dealer and Customer.” Automobile Journal, April 10, 1918.

  Harris, Stewart. Have You Seen the Globe Today? A History of the Boston Newspaper. Boston: Class paper for Boston University, 1981.

  Hartmann, Gérard. Clément-Bayard, Sans Peur et Sans Reproche, 2006, http://www.hydroretro.net/etudegh/clement-bayard.pdf.

  Herlihy, David. “The Bicycle Story: It Was Born in Europe, But American Ingenuity and Know-How Helped Bring It to Maturity—and Affordability—in the Years before Automobiles Took Over.” Invention and Technology (New York), Spring 1992.

  “How the Gray Wolf Came to Grief.” Automobile Topics Illustrated (New York), November 7, 1903.

  Kimes, Beverly Rae. “The Dawn of Speed,” American Heritage (New York) 38, no. 7 (November 1987).

  _____. “Launching the Chevrolet: The Early Years of the Marque,” Automobile Quarterly (Kutztown, PA) 17, no. 3 (1980).

  _____. “Packard Gray Wolf.” Automobile Quarterly (Kutztown, PA) 19, no. 3 (1981).

  King, Jenny. “A Bow Tie for Everyman,” Automotive News, GM 74th Anniversary Issue (Detroit), September 16, 1983.

  Lane, Doris. The Haunted House. http://www.madammurder.net/shadylady/penthouse.html.

  L’Homme Dans la rue. “Les Potins du Cycle.” La Pédale (Paris), October 8, 1924.

  “Motorettes” De Dion-Bouton “Motorette” Company booklet, Something New. Brooklyn, NY, undated, approximately 1900.

  “Motorettes” De Dion-Bouton “Motorette” Company catalogue. Brooklyn, NY, February 1901.

  Perrodil, Edouard de. Albert Champion: His Triumphs, His Adventures, His Voyage to the United States. Paris: L’Auto, 1904.

  “Pneumatic’s 21st Anniversary: Royalty Helps Honor It—Inventor Dunlop at Celebration, Which Recalls History of the Millions Made,” Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review (Chicago), November 27, 1909.

 

‹ Prev