Rumi's Secret
Page 33
247 “Mohammad.” Masnavi, I, Prose Introduction.
247 “love’s path.” Ibid., I, 13.
247 “It’s better the secret.” Masnavi, I, 135–42.
249 “You blow into me.” Robai #1273.
249 “You pick them out.” Maqâlât, 180.
250 “I am a mountain.” Masnavi, I, 3797–801.
251 “528 Quranic verses.” Franklin Lewis cites this statistic from a talk given by Foruzanfar at the Rumi UNESCO Festival. See Lewis, Rumi, 291.
251 “When I first began.” Fihe ma fih, Discourse 53, 221.
CHAPTER 13: “A NIGHTINGALE FLEW AWAY, THEN RETURNED”
252 “A nightingale.” Masnavi, II, 8.
252 “In his emotions.” Aflaki, VI, sec. 3, 743.
252 “spiritual ascension.” Masnavi, II, 4.
253 “Having waged.” Aflaki, VI, sec. 18, 766.
253 “my dear son.” Maktubat, Letter 7, 71.
254 “Dear pride of professors.” Ibid., Letter 67, 146.
254 “After he prayed.” Aflaki, III, sec. 510, 523.
254 “At this time.” Ibid., III, sec. 69, 154.
255 “If the sultan.” Ibid., III, sec. 59, 147.
255 “Khodavandgar.” Ibid., III, sec. 46, 129.
256 “These Sufis.” Ibid., III, sec. 362, 416.
257 “What is poverty?” Ibid., III, sec. 190, 278.
257 “Such a blessing.” Ibid., III, sec. 361, 415.
258 “He is a good man.” Ibid., III, sec. 352, 412.
258 “No, I said.” Ibid., III, sec. 185, 274–75.
259 “Why must this kind.” Ibid., III, sec. 83, 165–66.
259 “requesting the remainder.” Ibid., VI, sec. 3, 743.
259 “The light of God.” Masnavi, II, 3–8.
260 “There was no further.” Aflaki, VI, sec. 3, 744.
260 “When Salahoddin.” Valadname, 116.
261 “Welcome my soul.” Aflaki, VI, sec. 20, 770.
262 “Lovers are like waterwheels.” Masnavi, VI, 911–12.
262 “If you had asked.” Aflaki, III, sec. 381, 431.
263 “kept constant company.” Ibid., III, sec. 591, 601.
263 “Come light of God.” Masnavi, II, 2282.
264 “When friends.” Fihe ma fih, Discourse 15, 89.
264 “What am I.” Ibid.
265 a dozen core stories. I am indebted for insight into the structure of the Masnavi to Jawid Mojadeddi, “Introduction,” The Masnavi: Book Two (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).
265 “A fool believes.” Masnavi, II, 2130.
266 “From love of Shams.” Masnavi, II, 1122–23.
266 “Now father, I see.” Maqalat, 77.
266 “You are the child.” Masnavi, II, 3766–67; 3779.
266 “Shop of Unity.” Ibid., VI, 1528.
267 “Beyond belief.” Robai #395.
267 “opened the door.” Masnavi, II, 3803.
267 “As he was praying.” Ibid., II, 3805–7.
CHAPTER 14: THE RELIGION OF LOVE
268 “the religion of love.” Rumi speaks of “the religion of love” in Ghazal #195 and Ghazal #232: “Reason is puzzled by the religion of love.” He uses the Persian word for religion, “din” in Ghazal #195, and the Arabic word, “mazhab” in Ghazal #232.
268 “box of secrets.” Masnavi, III, 2.
269 “Suddenly a fool.” Ibid., III, 4232–35.
269 “When the Quran.” Ibid., III, 4237–43.
270 “Why do they call.” Aflaki, III, sec. 205, 291.
270 “People think.” Fihe ma fih, Discourse 10, 58.
271 “Everyone who exhibits.” Aflaki, III, sec. 196, 284.
271 “When Hallaj.” Masnavi, VI, 2095.
271 robai. For a discussion of the robais as having been written later in Rumi’s life, see Harvey, The Way of Passion, 54.
271 “He dove.” Robai #422.
271 “I am the servant.” Robai #717.
272 “Be empty!” Ghazal #1739.
272 “The mosque.” Masnavi, II, 3111.
273 “the religion of love.” Ibid., II, 1770.
273 “Since we worship.” Ibid., III, 2124.
273 “My heart.” Ibid., III, 2935.
274 “Youth is a garden.” Masnavi, II, 1217–19.
274 “The eyebrows droop.” Ibid., II, 1223–26.
276 “out of jealous anger.” Aflaki, V, sec. 16, 717.
276 “How wonderful.” Aflaki, III, sec. 598, 608.
276 “Take care of Mowlana.” Ibid., III, sec. 43, 126.
277 “Why do these men.” Ibid., VI, sec. 12, 755.
277 “I wish from this day.” Ibid., VI, sec. 14, 759.
277 “Oh brother.” Masnavi, II, 277–78.
278 “Although the sun.” Fihe ma fih, Discourse 52, 218.
278 “People work.” Ibid., Discourse 14, 79.
279 “All this I said.” Ibid., “Introduction,” 18.
279 “Shame on the companions.” Aflaki, III, sec. 441, 468.
279 “Del ku.” Ibid., III, sec. 292, 356.
280 “He is the one.” Ibid., III, sec. 291, 356.
280 “Extract.” Ibid., III, sec. 256, 330.
280 “No clever doctor.” Ibid., III, sec. 549, 563.
281 “At the Festival of Unity.” Ghazal #202.
281 “You flee from death.” Masnavi, III, 3441–43.
282 “God created.” Ghazal #683.
282 “Squeezed in the womb.” Masnavi, III, 3556–59.
283 “He said, ‘My friends.’” Ibid., III, 3946–48.
283 “Death, its claws disease.” Ibid., III, 3984.
283 “The bird.” Ibid., III, 3977–3980.
284 “When you hear.” Ibid., V, 1736–40.
CHAPTER 15: WEDDING NIGHT
285 “If a group.” Aflaki, III, sec. 253, 328.
286 “Do not do.” Ibid., VIII, sec. 3, 826.
286 “Faridun.” Ibid., VIII, sec. 5, 828.
286 “The day.” Ibid., VIII, sec. 5, 829; since the poem does not appear in most copies of Rumi’s Divan, Sultan Valad has also been credited as its actual author.
287 “beautiful.” Ghazal #16.
287 “Suddenly.” Ibid., VIII, sec. 9, 832.
287 “The moment.” Ibid., VIII, sec. 15, 838.
288 “Oh, Life of the Heart.” Masnavi, VI, 1–3.
289 “glorious.” Ibid., VI, 3109.
289 “He gave me a cap.” Ibid., VI, 3126–28, 3130.
289 “the fairest.” Sura XII, l.3. The Koran Interpreted, trans. A. J. Arberry, vol. I, 254.
290 “And when she said.” Masnavi, VI, 4023–27; 4030; 4032–33.
290 story of the three princes. See Shams’s account, Maqâlât, 246–47.
291 “window between hearts.” Ibid., VI, 4916.
291 “You should have.” Aflaki, III, sec. 565, 579.
292 “I am thinking.” Ibid., III, sec. 566, 580.
292 “Do you know.” Ibid., III, sec. 567, 580.
292 “when the earth.” Ibid., III, sec. 368, 420.
292 “Thank God.” Ibid., III, sec. 568, 581.
293 “What excellent.” Ibid., III, sec. 579, 587.
293 “It is hoped.” Ibid., III, sec. 569, 581.
293 “I placed the cup.” Aflaki, III, sec. 582, 594.
294 “When you see.” Ghazal #911.
295 “Don’t be sad.” Ghazal #683.
295 “Sultan Valad.” Aflaki, III, sec. 579, 589.
295 “last ghazal.” Ibid., III, sec. 579, 590.
295 “Go.” Ghazal #2039.
295 “Who is suitable.” Aflaki, III, sec. 578, 586.
296 “Will there appear.” Ibid., III, sec. 571, 583.
297 “Don’t be afraid.” Ibid., III, sec. 570, 582.
297 “I recommend.” Ibid., III, sec. 574, 584.
297 “Oh Lord God.” Ibid., III, sec. 575, 585.
297 “My companions.” Ibid., III, sec. 579, 589.
297 “pearl-shed
ding sea.” Masnavi, VI, 1999.
298 “Place me.” Aflaki, III, sec. 573, 584.
298 “The bats.” Masnavi, II, 47.
299 “All the religious.” Aflaki, III, sec. 580, 592.
299 “The people.” Sultan Valad, Valadname, 124–25.
299 “The Muslims.” Aflaki, III, sec. 580, 592.
300 “He was like.” Ibid., III, sec. 580, 593.
300 “He came.” Aflaki, III, sec. 333, 400.
301 “Chuni?” Ibid., III, sec. 588, 598.
301 “Serajoddin.” Aflaki, III, sec. 587, 597.
AFTERWORD
302 “I feel sad.” Omar, Facebook message to author, June 3, 2015.
303 “All those.” Claude Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071–1330.
303 “Most of these.” Ahmet T. Karamustafa, in discussion with the author, May 15, 2015.
304 “Late in the evening.” Schimmel, Rumi’s World, 195–96.
305 “Animals grow fat.” Masnavi, VI, 290.
305 collaborative. I collaborated with the Iranian-American writer Maryam Mortaz on translations of Rumi’s poetry posted on Twitter under #RumiSecrets.
306 “This poem smells of roses.” Şefik Can, “Rumi Studies in the West,” in Rumi and His Sufi Path of Love, eds., M. Fatih Çitlak and Hüseyin Bingül (Somerset, NJ: The Light Publishing, 2007), 98.
306 “ear of the heart.” Ghazal #837.
307 “Of Paradise.” The Topical Notebooks of Ralph Waldo Emerson, vol. 2 (Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1992), 48; identified as a translation of lines of Rumi in Lewis, Rumi, 570.
307 “These poems need to be.” Coleman Barks, “Releasing Birds to the Air,” in Robert Bly in This World, eds., Thomas R. Smith with James P. Lenfestey (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011), 268.
307 “O Rumi.” Cited in a translation by Mehmet Önder published in, “Rumi Studies in the West,” in Rumi and His Sufi Path of Love, eds., Çitlak and Bingül, 100.
308 “the sunshine of the heart.” Ghazal #968.
308 “Tell all the truth.” Poem #1263. The Poems of Emily Dickinson, vol. 2, ed., R. W. Franklin (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard, 1998), vol. 2, 1089.
309 “Explanations.” Masnavi, I, 113.
309 “Rumi resonates.” Jawid Mojadeddi, in discussion with the author, June 11, 2015.
309 “When you discover.” Masnavi, II, 45–46.
310 “I do believe.” Coleman Barks, in discussion with the author, July 31, 2015.
310 “I felt befriended.” Asma Sadiq, in discussion with the author, June 12, 2015.
311 “Don’t speak.” Masnavi, III, 1305.
Index
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NOTE: Page numbers followed by an “n” indicate a note on that page; the number following the “n” is the page number to which the note refers.
Abbasids, 21–22, 50, 71, 218–19, 325, 327
Abu Bakr Rababi, 213–14
Sheikh Abu Bakr Sallebaf of Tabriz, 127–28
The Acts of the Mystics (Chelebi), 82
Afary, Janet, 178
Aflaki (Rumi biographer)
and Baha Valad, 82
on criticism of Rumi’s sama practices, 254
on fame as an affliction, 240
on Hosam, 245, 252
on Kerra, 108
on Kimiya, 165
on Maleke, 238
on portraits of Rumi, 228
on Rumi after Shams’s departure, 176, 179
on Rumi and Alloddin, 253
on Rumi and Shams, 118, 120, 148, 151, 197
on Rumi bowing to a Christian monk, 237
on Salah and Rumi, 202, 205
on sama sessions with all women present, 228–29
on Sultan Valad and Shams, 153, 165
Ahmad, 54
akhavan organizations, 122, 245, 256, 325
al-Ghazali, Mohammad, 54, 180–81
al-Hallaj, Mansur, 56
al-Maarri, 121
al-Mutanabbi, 96, 120–21, 149
al-Nasir, Caliph, 50
al-Rashid, Harun, 50
Alaoddin Kayqobad I, Sultan
about, 78–79, 136
and Baha Valad, 75–76, 77, 82–83, 85
and Great Mosque in Konya, 79–80, 84–85
and Konya, Anatolia, 77, 78
and Sultan Han caravanserai, 80–81
Alaoddin Kayqobad III, 229–30
Alaoddin Mohammad (Rumi’s son)
about, 162
birth and childhood, 72–74
chastisement from Rumi while studying in Damascus, 109–10
death and funeral of, 253
and Rumi, 171, 179, 193, 253–54
and Shams, 121, 162–63
Aleppo, Syria
about, 94–95
the Citadel, 94–95, 151–52
Gooch in, 1–4
madrases in, 94, 95
Rumi as theological student, 3–4, 93–97
Shams in, 132–33, 151–54
Shia in, 97–98
Ali and the infidel knight tale, 250
Ali ebn Malekdad, 126
Altunpa Madrase and Mosque, Konya, 83–85
Aminodin Mikail “Sheikh of the Ladies,” 228
Anatolia and Neighboring Lands
13th Century map, 332–33
Erzincan, 63–65, 70
journey from Konya to Kayseri, 106–7
journey from Syria to Anatolia, 62
Kayseri, 93–94, 102, 105–7
Larande, 70–75, 76, 86–87
Malatya, 62–63
See also Konya, Anatolia
Anatolian region
Baha Valad family in, 62–76, 82–85
earthquakes in, 292
Greeks in, 88–89, 110, 192–93, 207, 232
Mongol rule, 221–23
Shams in, 132–34
Aqshahr, Anatolia, 64
Arberry, A. J., 4
ascetic in the desert hero, 266–67
astrolabe metaphor, 235
astronomy, 72
Ataturk, Kemal, 303–4
Attar
Book of Secrets, 46–47
The Book of the Camel, 75
Book of the Divine, 48–49
The Conference of the Birds, 46, 48, 242–43
influence in Rumi’s Masnavi, 249
Lives of the Saints, 55–56
and Rumi, 46–48, 59–60
austerity of Rumi, 102–5, 241–42, 279
Ayyubid dynasty, 94–95, 99–100, 325
Babas, 136, 255, 325
Badi al-Zaman Foruzanfar, 214
Baghdad
about, 51–53
Baha Valad family in, 50, 53–56
as entranceway to Mecca, 50
Mongol takeover of, 218–21
refugees from Mongol invasion, 68
roads to, 43–44, 49
Shams in, 128–29
Baha Valad (Rumi’s father)
in Anatolia, 62–65, 70–71, 82–85
Borhan passing on teachings of, 87–89
and Damascus, 61–62
death of, 85–86
enemies of, 18–19, 20
fear of politicians, 40
influence on Rumi, 15
invitation to teach in Konya, 75–76
journal of, 13, 18, 20, 41, 86, 341n20
journey to Mecca, 38–42
leaving Vakhsh, 24–25
midlife crisis, 20–21
personality of, 15–18, 33, 34
and Rumi’s visions of angels, 11–12
sermons of, 74
as “Sultan al-Olama,” 18
Bahaoddin Mohammad (Rumi’s son), 72–74. See also Sultan Valad
Bahramshah, prince of Erzincan, 63–64
Balkh, Tajikistan, 14–15, 39, 67
/> Barks, Coleman, 4
Basra, 55
Bayazid Bestami, 116–17
bear as friend metaphor, 265
Bedouins on road from Baghdad to Mecca, 58
Biographical Dictionary (Ibn al-Adim), 95
Black Stone of the Kaaba, 58, 60
Bly, Robert, 307
The Book of Kings, or Shahname (Ferdowsi), 23–24, 78–79
Book of Secrets (Attar), 46–47
The Book of the Camel (Attar), 75
Book of the Divine (Attar), 48–49
Borhan (Rumi’s tutor/teacher), 39, 87–92, 93–94, 105–7, 202
braggadocio tradition, 96
Bukhara, Uzbekistan, 30, 51–52, 66
Cahen, Claude, 303
caliph, 44, 325
Caliph al-Mustasim, 218–19
caravanserai (roadside inn)
in Aleppo, 152
in Damascus, 151
Kayseri to Konya, 80–81
in Konya, 155–56
from Rome to Khorasan, 41–42
Rumi comparing the mind to, 6
Rumi’s friend the dancing girl, 238
Sultan Han, Konya, 80–81
Cathedral Mosque, Samarkand, 67
Central Asia and the Middle East
map, 13th Century, 330–31
journey from Samarkand to Mecca, 38–39, 40–42
journey from Vakhsh to Samarkand, 24–25
See also Silk Road
chelle, 104, 325
children and Rumi, 239
Christianity
Anatolia surrounded by, 62
Crusades in Syria, 62
in Damascus, 100
Franciscan friars in Aleppo, 95
of Gorji Khatun “Queen of Queens,” 227
in Konya, 84–85
in Larande, 71
Rumi and, 237–38
Citadel, Aleppo, 94–95, 151–52
Citadel, Konya, 78, 79–80, 84–85, 89, 227
clitoridectomy in Muslim Turkic tribes, 17
The Conference of the Birds (Attar), 46, 48, 242–43
Crusades in Syria, 62
Damascus, Syria
about, 98, 100–101
Rumi after accepting Shams’s death, 188–91
Rumi as theological student, 98–101
Rumi’s search for Shams in, 179–90
Shams in, 130–32, 151
uncertainty for Baha Valad family, 61–62
dervish and dervishes, 88, 90, 133, 289, 325. See also whirling and whirling dervishes
Dictionary of Countries (Yaqut), 51–52
Dowlatshah, 126
ducklings raised by a hen story, 266
Ebn Chavosh, 208
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 307
Eraqi (Sufi poet), 8