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Henry IV, Part 1

Page 22

by William Shakespeare


  3. James Wright, Historia Historionica (1699).

  4. Colley Cibber, An Apology for the Life of Mr Colley Cibber (1740), p. 87.

  5. Thomas Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies (1784, repr. 1971), pp. 124–8.

  6. Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies, pp. 127–8.

  7. Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies, pp. 136–41.

  8. Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies, p. 153.

  9. Davies Laurence Selenick, The Changing Room: Sex, Drag and Theatre (2000), p. 270.

  10. William Hazlitt, Examiner, 13 October 1816.

  11. The Athenaeum, No. 902, 8 February 1845, p. 158.

  12. Harold Child, “The Stage-History of King Henry IV,” in The First Part of the History of Henry IV, ed. J. Dover Wilson (1946), pp. xxix–xlvi.

  13. Theatrical Journal, Vol. 7, No. 346, 1 August 1846, pp. 243–4.

  14. Henry Morley, diary entry for 14 May 1864 in The Journal of a London Playgoer from 1851 to 1866 (1866), pp. 330–9.

  15. Morley, diary entry for 1 October 1864, pp. 344–5.

  16. William Archer, The Theatrical “World” of 1896 (1897, repr. 1971), pp. 141–50.

  17. The Athenaeum, No. 3577, 16 May 1896, p. 659.

  18. G. B. Shaw, The Saturday Review, London, Vol. 81, No. 2116, 16 May 1896, pp. 500–2.

  19. William Butler Yeats, “At Stratford-upon-Avon” (1901), in his Essays and Introductions (1961), p. 97.

  20. Herbert Farjeon, “King Henry the Fourth—Part I: Mr Robey’s Falstaff,” in his The Shakespearean Scene: Dramatic Criticisms (1949), p. 92.

  21. Child, “The Stage-History of King Henry IV,” pp. xxix–xlvi.

  22. Stephen Potter, New Statesman and Nation, 6 October 1945, p. 227.

  23. Audrey Williamson, “The New Triumvirate (1944–47),” in her Old Vic Drama: A Twelve Years’ Study of Plays and Players (1948), pp. 172–212.

  24. Anthony Quayle, in a foreword to Shakespeare’s Histories at Stratford, 1951, by J. Dover Wilson and T. C. Worsley (1970).

  25. T. C. Worsley, New Statesman and Nation, 3 November 1951, pp. 489–90.

  26. T. C. Worsley, Shakespeare’s Histories at Stratford, 1951 (1970), p. 31.

  27. Worsley, New Statesman and Nation, 3 November 1951, pp. 489–90.

  28. T. C. Worsley, New Statesman and Nation, 7 May 1955, p. 646.

  29. Eric Keown, Punch, 11 May 1955, pp. 593–4.

  30. Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington, The English Shakespeare Company: The Story of the Wars of the Roses, 1986–1989 (1990), pp. 28–9, quoted in Barbara Hodgdon, Shakespeare in Performance: Henry IV, Part Two (1993), pp. 124–5.

  31. Donald Malcolm, New Yorker, 30 April 1960, pp. 86–9.

  32. Ben Brantley, New York Times Current Events Edition, 23 December 1993.

  33. Ben Brantley, New York Times, 21 November 2003.

  34. Paul Taylor, Independent, 6 May 2005.

  35. Taylor, Independent, 6 May 2005.

  36. Taylor, Independent, 6 May 2005.

  37. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 88.

  38. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 95.

  39. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 100.

  40. Ronald Bryden, “The Education of a King,” Henry IV Parts 1 & 2, RSC Programme notes, 1980.

  41. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 86.

  42. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 86.

  43. T. F. Wharton, Henry the Fourth, Parts 1 & 2: Text and Performance (1983).

  44. David Scott Kastan, ed., Introduction, in King Henry IV Part 1, Arden Shakespeare (2002).

  45. Stanley Wells, Times Literary Supplement, 10 May 1991.

  46. Michael Billington, Guardian, 18 April 1991.

  47. John Peter, Sunday Times, London, 21 April 2001.

  48. Desmond Barrit, “Falstaff,” in Robert Smallwood, ed., Players of Shakespeare 6 (2004).

  49. Nicholas de Jongh, Evening Standard, 20 April 2000.

  50. Michael Billington, Guardian, 21 April 2000.

  51. Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spake Zarathustra, Second Part, 29.

  52. Harold C. Goddard, “Henry IV,” in Harold Bloom, ed., William Shakespeare: Histories and Poems (1986).

  53. Goddard, “Henry IV.”

  54. Listener, 3 July 1975.

  55. Kastan, King Henry IV Part 1, p. 97.

  56. Emrys James, “On Playing Henry IV,” Theatre Quarterly, Vol. 7, 1977.

  57. W. Stephen Gilbert, Plays and Players, Vol. 22, No. 10, 1975.

  58. Gilbert, Plays and Players.

  59. Michael Coveney, Daily Mail, 21 April 2000.

  60. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 42.

  61. Wharton, Henry the Fourth, Parts 1 & 2.

  62. Stanley Wells, Times Literary Supplement, 10 May 1991.

  63. David Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and King Henry IV,” in Smallwood, Players of Shakespeare 6.

  64. Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and King Henry IV.”

  65. Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and King Henry IV.”

  66. Robert Smallwood, Critical Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 1, Spring, 1983.

  67. Billington, Guardian, 21 April 2000.

  68. Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and King Henry IV.”

  69. Bryden, “The Education of a King.”

  70. Goddard, “Henry IV,” p. 33.

  71. James, “On Playing Henry IV.”

  72. Billington, Guardian, 21 April 2000.

  73. John Peter, Sunday Times, 30 April 2000.

  74. Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and King Henry IV.”

  75. Kastan, King Henry IV Part 1, p. 102.

  76. Peter, Sunday Times, 21 April 2001.

  77. Irving Wardle, Independent on Sunday, 21 April 2001.

  78. Billington, Guardian, 18 April 2001.

  79. Michel de Montaigne, Essays (trans. Florio, 1603), pp. 1, 30.

  80. Unsigned review, The Times, London, 17 April 1964.

  81. Wharton, Henry the Fourth Parts 1 & 2.

  82. David E. Jones, Drama Survey, Vol. 4, No. 1, Spring 1965.

  83. Wharton, Henry the Fourth, Parts 1 & 2, p. 67.

  84. Wharton, Henry the Fourth, Parts 1 & 2.

  85. Desmond Barrit, “Falstaff.”

  86. Charles Spencer, Daily Telegraph, 21 April 2000.

  87. Peter Davison, “Henry IV,” in Mark Hawkins-Dady, ed., International Dictionary of Theatre—1: Plays (1992).

  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND PICTURE CREDITS

  Preparation of “Henry IV in Performance” was assisted by a generous grant from the CAPITAL Centre (Creativity and Performance in Teaching and Learning) of the University of Warwick for research in the RSC archive at the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. The Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) funded a term’s research leave that enabled Jonathan Bate to work on “The Director’s Cut.”

  Picture research by Michelle Morton. Grateful acknowledgment is made to the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust for assistance with picture research (special thanks to Helen Hargest) and reproduction fees.

  Images of RSC productions are supplied by the Shakespeare Centre Library and Archive, Stratford-upon-Avon. This Library, maintained by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, holds the most important collection of Shakespeare material in the UK, including the Royal Shakespeare Company’s official archive. It is open to the public free of charge.

  For more information see www.shakespeare.org.uk.

  1. Herbert Beerbohm Tree (1896) Reproduced by permission of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust

  2. Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier (1945) John Vickers courtesy of the University of Bristol Theatre Collection

  3. Directed by John Kidd and Anthony Quayle (1951) Angus McBean © Royal Shakespeare Company

  4. Directed by Terry Hands (1975) Joe Cocks Studio Collection © Shakespeare Birthplace Trust

  5. Directed by Michael Attenborough (2000) John Haynes © Royal Shakespeare Company

  6. Directed by Michael Bo
gdanov (1987) © Donald Cooper/photostage.co.uk

  7. Directed by Michael Boyd (2007) Ellie Kurttz © Royal Shakespeare Company

  8. Directed by Adrian Noble (1991) Joe Cocks Studio Collection © Shakespeare Birthplace Trust

  9. Directed by Michael Boyd (2007) Ellie Kurttz © Royal Shakespeare Company

  10. Reconstructed Elizabethan Playhouse © Charcoalblue

  THE MODERN LIBRARY EDITORIAL BOARD

  Maya Angelou

  •

  A. S. Byatt

  •

  Caleb Carr

  •

  Christopher Cerf

  •

  Harold Evans

  •

  Charles Frazier

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  Vartan Gregorian

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  Jessica Hagedorn

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  Richard Howard

  •

  Charles Johnson

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  Jon Krakauer

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  Edmund Morris

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  Azar Nafisi

  •

  Joyce Carol Oates

  •

  Elaine Pagels

  •

  John Richardson

  •

  Salman Rushdie

  •

  Oliver Sacks

  •

  Carolyn See

  •

  Gore Vidal

  Introduction copyright © 2007, 2009 by The Royal Shakespeare Company

  All rights reserved.

  Published in the United States by Modern Library, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.

  MODERN LIBRARY and the TORCHBEARER

  “Royal Shakespeare Company,” “RSC,” and the RSC logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of The Royal Shakespeare Company.

  The version of Henry IV: Part I and the corresponding footnotes that appear in this volume were originally published in William Shakespeare: Complete Works, edited by Jonathan Bate and Eric Rasmussen, published in 2007 by Modern Library, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc.

  eISBN: 978-1-58836-844-7

  www.modernlibrary.com

  v3.0

  1 we i.e. the king/the nation as a whole

  wan pale, sickly

  2 Find we let us find

  frighted frightened

  3 breathe short-winded accents speak while out of breath

  broils quarrels, fighting

  4 strands afar remote distant shores

  5 entrance mouth

  6 daub smear, plaster

  7 trenching plowing

  8 flow’rets small flowers

  armèd ironshod/armored

  9 paces (horse’s) tread/ gallop

  opposèd hostile, malevolent

  10 meteors regarded as bad omens

  12 intestine shock internal, domestic military encounter

  13 close hand-to-hand fighting

  14 mutual well-beseeming united and ordered

  19 sepulchre of Christ Christ’s tomb (at Jerusalem; Henry is planning a crusade to the Holy Land)

  21 impressèd conscripted

  engaged pledged, committed

  22 power army

  levy raise, muster

  23 arms upper limbs/weapons

  mother’s natural mother’s/England’s

  24 fields lands/battlefields

  25 blessèd feet i.e. Christ’s

  27 bitter painful/pitiable

  29 bootless pointless

  31 gentle kindly/noble

  cousin kinsman

  32 yesternight last night

  33 dear important/urgent/noble/costly

  expedience expedition

  34 liege lord, superior to whom feudal service was due

  hot in question hotly debated

  35 limits…charge responsibilities relating to the undertaking

  36 But only, as recently as

  athwart adversely, at odds with our business

  37 post messenger

  loaden weighed down

  heavy sad/weighty

  40 irregular…Glendower uncivilized guerrilla fighter

  Glendower was leader of the Welsh rebels)

  41 rude rough

  43 corpse corpses

  44 transformation mutilation

  47 tidings news

  48 Brake archaic past tense of “break”

  49 matched with together with, accompanied by

  50 uneven rough, unsettling

  52 Holy Rood day 14 September, dedicated to the cross rood) of Christ

  Hotspur Henry Percy’s nickname suggests that he is vigorous, hasty, and hotheaded

  54 approvèd tried and tested (in battle)

  55 Holmedon the Northumberland site of the battle

  56 sad serious/leading to sorrow

  58 shape of likelihood likely conjecture

  59 heat…contention middle of the fiercest fighting

  61 issue outcome

  any either

  62 Here either “here at court” or a line indicating Blunt’s presence among the “other” lords in attendance onstage

  63 new lighted only just dismounted

  64 variation of each different types of

  65 Betwixt between

  seat residence/throne

  66 smooth pleasant, welcome

  67 discomfited defeated

  69 Balked heaped up (in “balks,” i.e. ridges)

  71 Mordake…Douglas Mordake was

  Earl of Fife but not Douglas’ son—Shakespeare misread Holinshed’s Chronicles, his main source

  73 Menteith not in fact another earl, but one of Mordake’s titles

  74 honourable spoil noble gains of war

  75 gallant fine, splendid

  80 theme subject, chief topic

  81 straightest plant most upright tree

  82 minion favorite

  84 riot debauchery, corruption

  86 night-tripping moving nimbly through the night

  fairy popular belief held that fairies sometimes stole human infants, substituting (troublesome) fairy children for them

  88 Plantagenet the surname of this royal dynasty

  90 from go from

  coz short for “cousin” (i.e. kinsman)

  92 adventure enterprise, venture

  surprised captured, ambushed

  97 prune preen (like a bird

  bristle raise, ruffle angrily

  98 dignity worthiness/kingship

  100 cause reason

  106 out…utterèd can be spoken openly in anger

  2 fat-witted dull-witted (plays on Falstaff’s physical size

  sack Spanish white wine

  4 forgotten neglected/forgotten how

  5 demand that truly ask accurately, rightly

  truly genuinely/accurately

  7 capons castrated cockerels, a common dish

  8 bawds pimps, procurers of sex

  dials sundials/clock faces

  leaping-houses brothels

  9 hot lustful

  10 taffeta silky material associated with prostitutes

  superfluous unnecessarily curious, irrelevant

  12 come near me touch the point, begin to understand me

  13 go by travel by the light of/tell the time according to

  seven stars the Pleiades (a group of stars in the constellation Taurus)

  14 Phoebus the sun god

  ‘wand’ring…fair’ probably a phrase from a ballad or popular romance, referring to the sun as a knight in a tale of romance

  15 wag mischievous boy

  grace term of address for royalty (but sense then shifts to “spiritual grace” and then to “prayer before a meal”)

  19 egg and butter i.e. a very light meal (barely requiring grace to be said as a blessing)

  20 roundly plainly, straightforwardly (may play on Falstaff’s shape)

  21 Marry by the Virgin Mary


  22 squires…body the night’s personal attendants

  night’s puns on “knight’s”

  thieves…beauty i.e. by sleepily wasting the day

  beauty puns on “booty”)

  23 Diana Roman goddess of the moon, patron of hunting and virginity

  foresters forest dwellers, servants

  24 minions favorites

  of good government of good conduct/who live under a good ruler

  26 countenance face, appearance/support, authority

  27 steal rob/move furtively

  28 holds applies, is apt

  33 ‘Lay by’ highwayman’s command that his victims lay aside their weapons

  34 ‘Bring in’ an order for drinks

  now…gallows one moment one’s fortune is as low as the bottom of the ladder leading to the gallows, the next as high as the crossbar at the top of the gallows—i.e. whatever a thief’s course, the result (hanging) is the same

  36 hostess landlady

  38 Hybla Sicilian town famous for its honey

  old…castle carouser (plays on “Oldcastle,” Shakespeare’s original name for Falstaff;

  castle may play on the sense of “stocks,” instruments of public punishment in which a thief might be confined; a London brothel called the Castle may also be alluded to, appropriately named given that castle was slang for “vagina”)

  39 buff jerkin tight leather jacket worn by sheriff’s officers (plays on the sense of “naked vagina”

  robe of durance long-lasting garment (with sexual connotations; durance plays on the sense of “imprisonment”)

  41 quiddities quibbles

  What a plague emphatic form of “what”

  43 pox venereal disease

  45 called…reck’ning asked her for the bill/asked her to explain herself/had sex with her

  47 pay thy part pay for your share/have sex

  49 coin would stretch money would go/penis would grow;

  coin puns on “quoin”—i.e. carpenter’s wedge (a euphemism for “penis”)

  52 heir puns on

  here (which was pronounced in a similar manner)

  54 resolution determination

  fobbed cheated

  curb restraint (literally, chain passed under a horse’s jaw

  old father antic the elderly buffoon (that is)

  58 rare splendid

  brave fine, excellent

  62 jumps…humour fits my disposition

  63 waiting waiting around/being in attendance

  64 suits requests, legal petitions (Falstaff plays on the sense of “suits of clothes”; the hangman had the right to keep his victims’ garments)

 

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