Colonial America

by Richard Middleton, Anne Lombard

Daniel Blake Smith, Inside the Great House: Planter Family Life in Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake Society (Ithaca, 1980).

  Daniel Blake Smith, “ The Study of the Family in Early America: Trends, Problems, and Prospects,” William and Mary Quarterly, 39 (1982), 3–28.

  Daniel Scott Smith, “ The Demographic History of Colonial New England,” Journal of Economic History, 32 (1972), 165–83.

  Daniel Scott Smith, “ Parental Power and Marriage Patterns: An Analysis of Historical Trends in Hingham, Massachusetts,” Journal of Marriage and the Family, 35 (1973), 406–18.

  Daniel Scott Smith, “ A Perspective on Demographic Methods and Effects in Social History,” William and Mary Quarterly, 39 (1982), 442–68.

  Lawrence Stone, The Family, Sex, and Marriage in England, 1500–1800 (New York, 1977).

  Helena M. Wall, Fierce Communion: Family and Community in Early America (Cambridge, Mass., 1990).

  John J. Waters, Jr., “ Family, Inheritance, and Migration in Colonial New England: The Evidence from Guilford, Connecticut,” William and Mary Quarterly, 39 (1982), 64–86.

  John J. Waters, Jr., “ Patrimony, Succession, and Social Stability: Guilford, Connecticut in the Eighteenth Century,” Perspectives in American History, 10 (1976), 131–60.

  Robert V. Wells, “ Demographic Change and the Life Cycle of American Families,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 11 (1971), 273–82.

  Lisa Wilson, Ye Heart of a Man: Domestic Life of Men in Colonial New England (New Haven, 1999).

  E. A. Wrigley and R. S. Schofield, The Population History of England, 1541–1871: A Reconstruction (London, 1981).

  Children and Childhood

  Gillian Avery, Behold the Child: American Children and their Books, 1621–1922 (Baltimore, 1992).

  Ross W. Beales, Jr., “ In Search of the Historical Child: Miniature Adulthood and Youth in Colonial New England,” American Quarterly, 27 (1975), 378–98.

  Holly Brewer, By Birth or Consent: Children, Law, and the Anglo-American Revolution in Authority (Chapel Hill, 2005).

  Karin Calvert, Children in the House: The Material Culture of Early Childhood, 1600–1900 (Boston, 1992).

  John Demos, Spare the Child: The Religious Roots of Punishment and the Psychological Impact of Physical Abuse (New York, 1991).

  Philip J. Greven, The Protestant Temperament: Patterns of Child Rearing, Religious Experience, and the Self in Early America (New York, 1977).

  Barry J. Levy, “ ‘Tender Plants': Quaker Farmers and Children in the Delaware Valley, 1681–1735,” Journal of Family History, 3 (1978), 116–35.

  Peter Gregg Slater, Children in the New England Mind in Death and in Life (Hamden, 1977).

  Nancy Hathaway Steenburg, Children and the Criminal Law in Connecticut, 1635–1855: Changing Perceptions of Childhood (New York, 2005).

  Glenn Wallach, Obedient Sons: The Discourse of Youth and Generations in American Culture, 1630–1860 (Amherst, 1997).

  Sexuality

  Ruth Bloch, “ Changing Conceptions of Sexuality and Romance in Eighteenth-Century America,” William and Mary Quarterly, 60 (2003), 13–42.

  Thomas Foster, Sex and the Eighteenth-Century Man: Massachusetts and the History of Sexuality in America (Boston, 2006).

  Richard Godbeer, Sexual Revolution in Early America (Baltimore, 2002).

  Susan E. Klepp, Lost, Hidden, Obstructed, and Repressed: Contraceptive and Abortive Technology in the Early Delaware Valley, in Judith A. McGaw, ed., Early American Technology: Making and Doing Things from the Colonial Era to 1850 (Chapel Hill, 1994).

  Clare Lyons, Sex among the Rabble: An Intimate History of Gender and Power in the Age of Revolution, Philadelphia, 1730–1830 (Chapel Hill, 2006).

  Daniel Scott Smith and M. S. Hindus, “ Premarital Pregnancy in America, 1640–1971: An Overview and Interpretation,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 5 (1975), 537–70.

  Merril D. Smith, Sex and Sexuality in Early America (New York, 1998).

  Roger Thompson, Sex in Middlesex: Popular Mores in a Massachusetts County, 1649–1699 (Amherst, 1986).

  Social Structure and Status

  Holly Brewer, “ Entailing Aristocracy in Colonial Virginia: ‘Ancient Feudal Restraints' and Revolutionary Reform,” William and Mary Quarterly, 54 (1997), 307–46.

  Robert E. Brown, Middle-Class Democracy and the Revolution in Massachusetts, 1691–1780 (Ithaca, 1955).

  Lois Green Carr, Philip D. Morgan, and Jean B. Russo, eds, Colonial Chesapeake Society (Chapel Hill, 1989).

  John Cary, “ Statistical Method and the Brown Thesis on Colonial Democracy,” William and Mary Quarterly, 20 (1963), 251–76.

  Edward Countryman, “ Stability and Class, Theory and History: The South in the Eighteenth Century,” Journal of American Studies, 17 (1983), 243–50.

  Bruce C. Daniels, ed., Power and Status: Office Holding in Colonial America (Middletown, 1986).

  Jack P. Greene, The Intellectual Construction of America: Exceptionalism and Identity from 1492 to 1800 (Chapel Hill, 1993).

  James A. Henretta, The Evolution of American Society, 1700–1815: An Interdisciplinary Analysis (Lexington, Mass., 1973).

  James A. Henretta and Gregory H. Nobles, Evolution and Revolution: American Society, 1600–1820 (Lexington, Mass., 1987).

  Stephen Innes, Labor in a New Land: Economy and Society in Seventeenth-Century Springfield (Princeton, 1983).

  Sung Bok Kim, “ A New Look at the Great Landlords of Eighteenth-Century New York,” William and Mary Quarterly, 27 (1970), 581–614.

  Kenneth A. Lockridge, The Diary, and Life, of William Byrd II of Virginia, 1674–1744 (Chapel Hill, 1987).

  Carla Gardina Pestana and Sharon V. Salinger, eds, Inequality in Early America (Hanover, NH, 1999).

  Darrett B. Rutman and Anita H. Rutman, A Place in Time: Middlesex County, Virginia, 1650–1750 (New York, 1984).

  Daniel Vickers with Vince Walsh, Young Men and the Sea: Yankee Seafarers in the Age of Sail (New Haven, 2005).

  Robert Zemsky, Merchants, Farmers and River Gods: An Essay on Eighteenth-Century American Politics (Boston, 1971).

  Michael Zuckerman, “ Tocqueville, Turner, and Turds: Four Stories of Manners in Early America,” Journal of American History, 85 (1998), 13–42.

  Chapter 12 White Women and Gender

  Overviews of Gender Ideology, Culture, and the Experiences of White Women

  Carol Berkin, First Generations: Women in Colonial America (New York, 1996).

  Ruth Bloch, Gender and Morality in Anglo-American Culture, 1650–1800 (Berkeley, 2003).

  Kathleen Brown, Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs: Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia (Chapel Hill, 1996).

  Lois Green Carr and Lorena S. Walsh, “ The Planter's Wife: The Experience of White Women in Seventeenth-Century Maryland,” William and Mary Quarterly, 34 (1977), 542–71.

  Patricia Cleary, Elizabeth Murray: A Woman's Pursuit of Independence in Eighteenth-Century America (Amherst, 2000).

  Elaine Forman Crane, Ebb Tide in New England: Women, Seaports, and Social Change, 1630–1800 (Boston, 1998).

  Mary Maples Dunn, “ Saints and Sisters: Congregational and Quaker Women in the Early Colonial Period,” American Quarterly, 30 (1978), 582–601.

  Larry D. Eldridge, ed., Women and Freedom in Early America (New York, 1997).

  Sharon M. Harris, ed., American Women Writers to 1800 (New York, 1996).

  Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor, The Ties that Buy: Women and Commerce in Revolutionary America (Philadelphia, 2009).

  Kevin J. Hayes, A Colonial Woman's Bookshelf (Knoxville, 1996).

  Esther Katz and Anita Rapone, Women's Experience in America: An Historical Anthology (New Brunswick, 1980).

  Linda K?. Kerber, Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideology in Revolutionary America (Chapel Hill, 1980).

  Catherine Kerrison, Claiming the Pen: Women and Intellectual Life in the Early American South (Ithaca, 2006).

  Cynthia A. Kierner, Beyond the Househo
ld: Women's Place in the Early South, 1700–1835 (Ithaca, 1998).

  Lyle Koehler, A Search for Power: The Weaker Sex in Seventeenth-Century New England (Urbana, 1980).

  Gerda Lerner, The Majority Finds Its Past: Placing Women in History (New York, 1979).

  Debra Myers, Common Whores, Vertuous Women, and Loveing Wives: Free Will Christian Women in Colonial Maryland (Bloomington, 2003).

  Mary Beth Norton, “ The Evolution of White Women's Experience in Early America,” American Historical Review, 89 (1984), 593–619.

  Mary Beth Norton, Founding Mothers and Fathers: Gendered Power and the Forming of American Society (New York, 1996).

  Mary Beth Norton, Liberty's Daughters: The Revolutionary Experience of American Women, 1750–1800 (Boston, 1980).

  Jean Soderland, “ Women's Authority in Pennsylvania and New Jersey Quaker Meetings, 1680–1760,” William and Mary Quarterly, 44 (1987), 722–49.

  Linda E. Speth and Alison Duncan Hirsch, Women, Family, and Community in Colonial America: Two Perspectives (New York, 1983).

  Linda Sturz, Within Her Power: Propertied Women in Colonial Virginia (New York, 2002).

  Paula A. Treckel, To Comfort the Heart: Women in Seventeenth-Century America (New York, 1996).

  Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, Good Wives: Image and Reality in the Lives of Women in Northern New England, 1650–1750 (New York, 1982).

  Alan D. Watson, “ Women in Colonial North Carolina: Overlooked and Underestimated,” North Carolina Historical Review, 58 (1981), 1–22.

  Karin Wulf, Not All Wives: Women of Colonial Philadelphia (Ithaca, 2000).

  Women and the Law: Legal Status, Property, and Speech

  Linda Briggs Biemer, Women and Property in Colonial New York: The Transition from Dutch to English Law, 1643–1727 (Ann Arbor, 1983).

  Cornelia Hughes Dayton, Women Before the Bar: Gender, Law, and Society in Connecticut, 1639–1789 (Chapel Hill, 1995).

  Joan R. Gundersen and Gwen Victor Gampel, “ Married Women's Legal Status in Eighteenth-Century New York and Virginia,” William and Mary Quarterly, 39 (1982), 114–43.

  David Narrett, Inheritance and Family Life in Colonial New York City (Ithaca, 1992).

  Mary Beth Norton, “ Gender and Defamation in Seventeenth-Century Maryland,” William and Mary Quarterly, 44 (1987), 3–39.

  Deborah A. Rosen, Courts and Commerce: Gender, Law, and the Market Economy in Colonial New York (Columbus, 1997).

  Deborah A. Rosen, “ Women and Property across Colonial America: A Comparison of Legal Systems in New Mexico and New York,” William and Mary Quarterly, 60 (2003), 355–82.

  Marylynn Salmon, Equality or Submersion? Feme Covert Status in Early Pennsylvania, in Carol Ruth Berkin and Mary Beth Norton, eds, Women of America: A History (Boston, 1979).

  Marylynn Salmon, Women and the Law of Property in Early America (Chapel Hill, 1986).

  Marylynn Salmon, “ Women and Property in South Carolina: The Evidence from Marriage Settlements, 1730–1830,” William and Mary Quarterly, 39 (1982), 655–85.

  Carole Shammas, Marylynn Salmon, and M. Dahlin, Inheritance in America: From Colonial Times to the Present (New Brunswick, 1987).

  Terri Snyder, Brabbling Women: Disorderly Speech and the Law in Early Virginia (Ithaca, 2003).

  Sexuality and Its Legal Regulation

  Ruth Bloch, Women and the Law of Courtship in Eighteenth-Century America, in Gender and Morality in Anglo-American Culture, 1650–1800 (Berkeley, 2003), 78–101.

  Sharon Block, Rape and Sexual Power in Early America (Chapel Hill, 2006).

  Kathleen Brown, Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs: Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia (Chapel Hill, 1996).

  Cornelia Hughes Dayton, “ Taking the Trade: Abortion and Gender Relations in an Eighteenth-Century New England Village,” William and Mary Quarterly, 48 (1991), 19–49.

  Cornelia Hughes Dayton, Women Before the Bar: Gender, Law, and Society in Connecticut, 1639–1789 (Chapel Hill, 1995).

  Kirsten Fischer, Suspect Relations: Sex, Race, and Resistance in Colonial North Carolina (Ithaca, 2002).

  Thomas A. Foster, Sex and the Eighteenth-Century Man: Massachusetts and the History of Sexuality in America (Boston, 2006).

  Richard Godbeer, Sexual Revolution in Early America (Baltimore, 2002).

  Clare Lyons, Sex among the Rabble: An Intimate History of Gender and Power in the Age of Revolution, Philadelphia, 1730–1830 (Chapel Hill, 2006).

  John Ruston Pagan, Anne Orthwood's Bastard: Sex and Law in Early Virginia (New York, 2003).

  Courtship and Marriage

  Ruth Bloch, “ Changing Conceptions of Sexuality and Romance in Eighteenth-Century America,” William and Mary Quarterly, 60 (2003), 13–42.

  J. A. Leo Lemay, ed., Robert Bolling Woos Anne Miller: Love and Courtship in Colonial Virginia, 1760 (Charlottesville, 1990).

  Daniel Scott Smith, “ Parental Power and Marriage Patterns: An Analysis of Historical Trends in Hingham, Massachusetts,” Journal of Marriage and the Family, 35 (1973), 406–18.

  Lawrence Stone, The Family, Sex, and Marriage in England, 1500–1800 (New York, 1977).

  Robert V. Wells, “ Quaker Marriage Patterns in a Colonial Perspective,” William and Mary Quarterly, 29 (1972), 415–42.

  Childbearing and Fertility

  Susan Klepp, Revolutionary Conceptions: Women, Fertility, and Family Limitation in America, 1760–1820 (Chapel Hill, 2009).

  Judith Walzer Leavitt, Brought to Bed: Childbearing in America, 1750–1950 (New York, 1986).

  Catherine M. Scholten, Childbearing in American Society: 1650–1850 (New York, 1985).

  Women's Work

  Joan M. Jensen, Loosening the Bonds: Mid-Atlantic Farm Women, 1750–1850 (New Haven, 1986).

  Jean P. Jordan, “ Women Merchants in Colonial New York,” New York History, 58 (1977), 416–36.

  Cynthia A. Kierner, Beyond the Household: Women's Place in the Early South, 1700–1835 (Ithaca, 1998).

  Gloria L. Main, “ Gender, Work, and Wages in Colonial New England,” William and Mary Quarterly, 51 (1994), 39–66.

  Rebecca Tannenbaum, The Healer's Calling: Women and Medicine in Early New England (Ithaca, 2002).

  Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, “ Wheels, Looms, and the Gender Division of Labor in the Eighteenth Century,” William and Mary Quarterly, 55 (1998), 3–38.

  Divorce

  Thomas Buckley, The Great Catastrophe of My Life: Divorce in the Old Dominion (Chapel Hill, 2002).

  Nancy F. Cott, “ Divorce and the Changing Status of Women in Eighteenth-Century Massachusetts,” William and Mary Quarterly, 33 (1976), 586–614.

  Merril D. Smith, Breaking the Bonds: Marital Discord in Pennsylvania, 1730–1830 (New York, 1991).

  Widowhood

  Vivian Conger, The Widow's Might: Widowhood and Gender in Early British America (New York, 2009).

  Deborah Gough, “ A Further Look at Widows in Early Southeastern Pennsylvania,” William and Mary Quarterly, 44 (1987), 829–39.

  Alexander Kayssar, “ Widowhood in Eighteenth-Century Massachusetts: A Problem in the History of the Family,” Perspectives in American History, 7 (1974), 83–118.

  Lisa Wilson, Life After Death: Widows in Pennsylvania, 1750–1850 (Philadelphia, 1992).

  Architecture and Material Culture

  Reinier Baarsen, Gervase Jackson-Stops, Philip M. Johnston, and Elaine Evans Dee, Courts and Colonies: The William and Mary Style in Holland, England, and America (New York, 1989).

  Richard L. Bushman, The Refinement of America: Persons, Houses, Cities (New York, 1992).

  Jon Butler, Becoming America: The Revolution Before 1776 (Cambridge, Mass., 2000).

  Cary Carson et al., “ Impermanent Architecture in the Southern American Colonies,” Winterthur Portfolio: A Journal of Material Culture, 16 (1981), 135–96.

  Abbott Lowell Cummings, The Framed Houses of Massachusetts Bay, 1625–1725 (Cambridge, Mass., 1979).

  James Deetz, In Small Things Forgotten:
The Archeology of Early American Life (New York, 1977).

  David Hackett Fischer, Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America (New York, 1989).

  John T. Kirk, American Furniture and the British Tradition to 1830 (New York, 1982).

  William H. Pierson, Jr., American Buildings and Their Architects, Vol. 1: The Colonial and Neoclassical Styles (New York, 1970).

  Daniel D. Reiff, Small Georgian Houses in England and Virginia: Origins and Development through the 1750s (Newark, Del., 1986).

  Robert Blair St. George, ed., Material Life in America, 1600–1860 (Boston, 1988).

  Barbara Wells Sarudy, Gardens and Gardening in the Chesapeake, 1700–1805 (Baltimore, 1998).

  Carole Shammas, “ The Housing Stock of the Early United States: Refinement Meets Migration,” William and Mary Quarterly, 64 (2007), 549–90.

  Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, The Age of Homespun: Objects and Stories in the Creation of an American Myth (New York, 2001).

  Chapter 13 British North American Religion, Education, and Culture, 1689–1760

  General

  Jon Butler, Becoming America: The Revolution Before 1776 (Cambridge, Mass., 2000).

  Jack P. Greene, Pursuits of Happiness: The Social Development of Early Modern British Colonies and the Formation of American Culture (Chapel Hill, 1988).

  Ned C. Landsman, From Colonials to Provincials: American Thought and Culture, 1680–1760 (New York, 1997).

  Henry F. May, The Enlightenment in America (New York, 1976).

  Edmund S. Morgan, Benjamin Franklin (New Haven, 2002).

  Robert Olwell and Alan Tully, Cultures and Identities in Colonial British America (Baltimore, 2006).

  Esmond Wright, ed., Benjamin Franklin: His Life as He Wrote It (Cambridge, Mass., 1990).

  Esmond Wright, Franklin of Philadelphia (Cambridge, Mass., 1986).

  Religion

  Sidney E. Ahlstrom, A Religious History of the American People, 2 vols (New Haven, 1972).

  Randall H. Balmer, A Perfect Babel of Confusion: Dutch Religion and English Culture in the Middle Colonies (New York, 1989).

  James Bell, The Imperial Origins of the King's Church in Early America, 1607–1783 (New York, 2004).

  James Bell, A War of Religion: Dissenters, Anglicans, and the American Revolution (Basingstoke, 2008).

  Ruth H. Bloch, Visionary Republic: Millennial Themes in American Thought, 1756–1800 (New York, 1985).