The Barbarous Years: The Peopling of British North America: The Conflict of Civilizations, 1600-1675
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and migrant “company,”
Shepard’s suspicions of, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2
and synod of 1637
van Couwenhoven, Jacob, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4
Coxendale, Virginia, 3.1, 4.1
Cradock, Matthew
Cromwell, Oliver, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1
Culpeper, Alexander
Culpeper, Frances, see Berkeley, Lady Frances
Culpeper, Lord Thomas, Second Baron Culpeper (Governor of Virginia), 7.1, 15.1, 15.2
Culpeper, Thomas
Curaçao, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 15.1
van Curler, Arent, 8.1, 9.1
Cushman, Robert, 11.1, 11.2
and family
Cuyper, Gerrit Jansz
Cuyper, Jan de Wolff
Dalarna, Sweden, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
Dale, Sir Thomas, 3.1, 4.1, 7.1, 8.1, see also Virginia, martial law in
Dale’s Gift, Virginia
Dandy, John
Darnall, Henry
Darnall, John
Davenport, Rev. John, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 14.1
Davis, Capt. James, 3.1, 15.1
Davison, Christopher, 2.1, 2.2
decapitation
by Europeans, 3.1, 5.1, 8.1, 10.1, 11.1, 15.1, 15.2
by Native Americans, 10.1, 13.1, 15.1
see also dismemberment, torture
Declaration of the State of the Colonie, A (Virginia)
Delawares, the, 1.1, 10.1
De La Warr, see West, Thomas
Denton, Richard
desecration of bodies
Description of New Netherland (Van der Donck, 1655), 8.1, 8.2
D’Hinoyossa, Alexander, 10.1, 10.2
Digges, Edward and family, 7.1, 7.2
disease, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 12.1
dismemberment, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 10.1, 13.1
by Europeans, 2.1, 3.1, 15.1
by Native Americans, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 6.1, 8.1, 15.1
see also decapitation, torture, warfare
van der Donck, Adriaen, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 15.1
admonished by Van Rensselaer
as author of protest documents
and Description of New Netherland, 8.1, 8.2
mission to the Hague
respect for Native Americans, 8.1, 8.2
Donne, John
Dorchester, Massachusetts
Dorchester, Viscount
Dorchester Company, the
Dorset, Earl of
Doty, Edward, 11.1, 11.2
Doughty, Rev. Francis, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1
Dove (ship)
Downing, Emmanuel
Downing, George, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3
Drake, Joanna
Drisius, Dominie Samuel, 9.1, 9.2
Dudley, Thomas, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2
Dutch, the
in the Caribbean
and slave trade
Dutch East India Company, 8.1, 8.2
Dutch West India Company, 8.1, 8.2
“Freedom and Exceptions” of
fur trade opened by
lack of arrangements for Indians
opposition to control of
recruitment of settlers by, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
see also van der Donck, Adriaen
Duxbury, Massachusetts
Dyer, Mary, 14.1, 14.2
Eagle (ship)
East Anglia, England, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 13.2
Eastham, Massachusetts, see Nauset
Easthampton, Long Island
Eaton, Theophilus, 12.1, 14.1
Edlow, Joseph
Edwards, Robert
Elbertsz., Elbert
Eliot, Rev. John, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2
Elizabeth City, Virginia
Endecott, Capt. John, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 15.1
England
Catholics in, 2.1, 6.1, 12.1
Civil War in
commercial organizations of
culture and society of
economic depressions in, 12.1, 12.2
emigration from, 6.1, 12.1
expansionist tendencies of
geo-ecology of
growth of and strains in
northern areas of
population of
and possession of land
skills of emigrants from
“surplus,” 3.1, 3.2, 4.1
Winthrop, Sr.’s view of
see also East Anglia, West Country
English, the
comparisons with Native Americans
English Delaware Company
Esopus, the, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 15.1
Esopus, New Netherland, 9.1, 9.2, 15.1, see also Kingston, Wiltwyck
Falkland, Lady, see Cary, Elizabeth
Falkland, Lord, see Cary, Lucius
“familists,” 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5
family life
in the Chesapeake region, 6.1, 7.1
in New England, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1
see also children and childhood
“feed fights,” 5.1, 15.1
Fendall, Gov. Josias
Fenwick, Cuthbert, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2
Fenwick, George
Fiennes, Lady Arbella
Fiennes, Charles, 12.1, 12.2
Fiennes, Lady Susan
Fiennes-Clinton, Theophilus, Fourth Earl of Lincoln, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6
Finch, Katherine
Finland, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
“Finland,” New Sweden
Finns, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6
Finn’s Point, New Sweden
Fitzhugh, William
Flatbush, Long Island
Flatlands, Long Island
Fleete, Henry, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Fleming, Adm. Klas, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
Fletcher, Anne
Flowerdieu Hundred, Virginia, 4.1, 5.1
Flushing, Long Island, 9.1, 9.2
Remonstrance of, 9.1, 15.1
“Vindication” of, 9.1, 15.1
Flypsen, Vryrich, see Philipse, Frederick
Fongersz, Gerrit
de Forest, Jesse, 8.1, 8.2
Fort Orange, New Netherland, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3
notorious trading at
renamed
see also Albany, Beverwyck
forts, in New Sweden: Christina, Elfsborg, Gothenburg, Trinity (Casimir), 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6
Fort Trinity, see forts, in New Sweden
Fox, Maj. Richard
Foxe, John, 2.1, 12.1, 13.1
freedmen, as tenants, 7.1, 15.1
Frethorne, Richard
Friesland
fur trade
Dutch, 8.1, 9.1
effects of, on Native Americans
in New England
Gabry family, and company, 8.1, 9.1
Galenus, see de Haan, Galenus Abraham
Gardiner, Lion, 9.1, 15.1, 15.2
Garnett, Richard
Gates, Sir Thomas, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9
Genallis, John
“General Observations for the Plantation of New England” (Winthrop, Sr.)
Generall Historie of Virginia,(Smith), 2.1, 4.1, 5.1
gentlemen, as settlers, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1
Geographia Americae (Lindeström)
Gerard, Dr. Thomas, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, 2.1, 15.1
Godijn, Samuel, 8.1, 8.2, 10.1
Good Newes From England (Winslow)
Gorges, Robert
Gorton, Rev. Samuel, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2
Gosnold, Capt. Bartholomew, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5
Gothenburg, New Sweden, see forts, in New Sweden
Gothenburg, Sweden
Gravesend, Long Island, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3
Great Migration, to New England, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3
Green Spring faction (Virginia)
Greenwood, John
Gustavus Adolphus (King of Sweden), 10.1, 10.2
Guyana, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5
and Pilgrims
de Haan, Galenus Abraham
Haarlem, New Netherland
Hack, Dr. George
and collaboration with Herrman
Hakluyt, Richard, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1
Hall, Thomas
Hälsingland, Sweden, 10.1, 10.2
Hammond, Phillipa
Hammond, Col. Robert
Hamor, Ralph
Hamor, Thomas
van Hardenbergh, Arnoldus
Hardenbroek, Margaret, see Philipse, Margaret Hardenbroek de Vries
Hariot, Thomas
Harlakaden, Roger
Harmar, George
Hartlib, Samuel, 10.1, 10.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5, 15.1
Harvard College, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1
Harwood, William
Haverack, New Netherland
Hawkins, Jane
Hawley, Jerome, 6.1, 6.2
headright system, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1
Helwys, Thomas
Hempstead, Long Island, 9.1, 9.2
Henrico, Virginia, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 5.2
Herrman, Augustine, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1
as cartographer, 8.1, 8.2
as envoy to Maryland
as landowner
marriage to Verlett, 8.1, 8.2
see also Bohemia Manor
Hindricksson, Iver, 10.1, 10.2
Hingham, Massachusetts
Historie of Travell into Virginia Britania (Strachey)
Hodgson, Robert
Honeywood, Sir Philip
Hooker, Rev. Thomas, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 14.2
career and beliefs of
circle of
migrant “company” of
van Hoornbeeck, Gillis
Hopkins, Edward, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2
Hopkins, Stephen, 11.1, 11.2
Hough, Atherton, 6.1, 12.1
housing
in the Chesapeake, 7.1, 7.2
in Maryland, 6.1, 6.2
in New Netherland
in New Sweden
in Virginia, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2
Hudde, Andries
Hudson, Henry
Huguenots, 8.1, 9.1, 15.1, 15.2
Humphrey, John, 12.1, 12.2
Hurons, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 6.1, 9.1
huskanaw, 1.1, 5.1
Hutchinson, Anne, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 14.1, see also Antinomian Controversy
Hutchinson, Richard
Hutchinson family, 12.1, 12.2
trading network of
Hyde, Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 7.1, 7.2
Hypocrasie Unmasked (Winslow), 14.1
Indians
alterations in culture
brutal treatment of, by fur traders
charity for
conflicts with English in Virginia, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1
contrasted with English
as described by Europeans, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 10.1
diet of, 1.1, 1.2
and dreams, 1.1, 6.1, 10.1
English images of, 2.1, 5.1
English raids on
and European clothes
first encounters with
as fishermen
health of
as hunters, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4
language groups of
lives transformed
as lost tribe of Israel
murder by Pilgrims of
and naming practices
population estimates of, 1.1, 15.1
and possession and use of land, 1.1, 8.1
and puberty rites, see also huskanaw
reciprocity and balance in life, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1
seen as satanic warriors
as servants in New Netherland
shamans
skills of, ff.
and spiritual forces, ff.
and torture
trails and networks of
see also warfare
Ingle, Richard, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 15.1
Ipswich, Massachusetts, 13.1, 13.2
Irish, the
among servants in Chesapeake, 7.1, 15.1
as settlers in Virginia
as viewed by English, 2.1, 6.1
iron, production of
in New England, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2
in Virginia, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2
Iroquois, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 9.1, 10.1
Iroquois League, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1
Jack-of-the-Feathers, see Nemattenew
Jacobsson, Marcus, “The Long Finn,”
Jamestown, Virginia
abandonment of
disease and starvation at, 2.1, 2.2
“first supply,”
“second supply,”
settlement of
“third supply,”
Jansz., Michiel, 8.1, 9.1
Jesuits
“excursions” of
in Maryland, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5
missions of, 6.1, 6.2
property ransacked
as targets for Richard Ingle
see also White, Father Andrew
Jews, 8.1, 9.1, 15.1
Johnson, Francis
Johnson, Isaac
Johnson, Robert
Jönsson, Anders
Kainuu, Sweden, 10.1, 10.2
Kalevala, The, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
Katskil, New Netherland
Keayne, Robert, 12.1, 14.1
Keayne, Sarah Dudley
Kecoughtan (town), 3.1, 5.1
Kecoughtans, the, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2
Kempe, Richard, 7.1, 7.2
Kendall, Capt. George, 2.1, 2.2, 5.1, 15.1
Kent Island, Maryland, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.11
Kieft, Willem, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1
attempted assassination of, 8.1, 15.1
education and ambitions of
opposition to, 8.1, 8.2
and war on Indians, 8.1, 8.2, see also Kieft’s War