Bell, Dr William (1731–1816), prebendary of Westminster: 369 n. a
Bell, John (1691–1780), diplomatist and traveller; author of Travels from St Petersburg in Russia to Various Parts of Asia (1763): 291
Bell, John, brother of Dr William Bell: 369 n. a
Bell, Mrs John (c.1710–71), wife of the above: 369 n. a
Bell, John (1745–1831), bookseller; ran the British Library from 1769; acting as agent for the Martin brothers, published The Poets of Great Britain (1777–82); credited with having introduced the ‘modern’ face in English printing; described by Charles Knight as the ‘puck of booksellers’: 579
Bell, Revd Robert (1702–81), minister of Strathaven: 718
Bellamy, (Mrs) George Anne (1731?-88), actress; played Juliet to Garrick’s Romeo in 1750 season at Drury Lane; took title role in Robert Dodsley’s Cleone at Covent Garden (1758), earning attention for an unconventionally simple and quiet performance: 175, 897 n. a
Belsham, William (1752–1827), Whig political writer, Dissenter and historian; author of Essays, Philosophical, Historical and Literary (1789); in later life produced A History of Great Britain from 1688 to 1820: 206 n. b
Bennet, James, of Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire: 15, 245
Bensley, Robert (1738?–1817?), actor discovered by Garrick; most successful role as Malvolio in Twelfth Night, praised by Charles Lambas ‘magnificent’: 287
Benson, Revd George (1699–1762), Nonconformist: 617 n.a
Bentham, Dr Edward (1707–76), university professor; moderate and orthodox canon of first prebend at Christchurch, Oxford (1754); regius professor of divinity at Oxford (1763); anonymously attacked Burke for his criticism of the university’s loyalty during the American crisis; author of Reflections on the Study of Divinity (1771) and Reflections upon the Nature and Usefulness of Logick (1740): 502, 617 n. a
Bentley, Richard (1662–1742), philologist and classical scholar; Master of Trinity College, Cambridge; staunch Hanoverian; edited Paradise Lost (1732), a virtual rewriting with over 800 emendations in the margin; in Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris (1697), famously argued on grounds of philology that the letters could not have been written by their purported author; described by A. E. Housmanas‘the greatest scholar thatEnglandorperhaps Europeever bred’: 44, 502, 558 n. a, 773, 775 and n. a, 883
Benzo, a mistake for Benzoni, Gerolamo (1519–c.1572): 976n. a
Berenger, Richard (d.1782), courtierand equestrian; equerrytoGeorge III;wroteA NewSystemof Horsemanship(1754) andThe History and Art of Horsemanship (1771); gentleman of the horse to the king (1760); contributed poems to Robert Dodsley’s A Collection of Poems by Several Hands (1758): 812, 813 and n. a, 814
Beresford, Mrs and Miss: 280
Beresford, Revd Mr, tutor to the 5th Dukeof Bedford: 677
Beresford, Richard, Member of Congress (1783–4), and fatherof the above: 920
Berkeley, Dr George (1685–1753), Church of England bishop of Cloyne (1734), philosopher, figurehead of immaterialism; author of Alciphron; Tory ‘highly esteemed’ by the Jacobites; fellow of Trinity College, Dublin: 248, 330, 612, 617 n. a, 777
Beroaldo, Filippo, the elder (1453–1595), scholar: 475
Berriman, Dr William (1688–1750), divine: 617 n.a
Berwick, James Fitzjames, Duke of (1670–1734), army officer and Jacobite; colonel of the Royal Horse Guards (1688); knight of the Garter (1688); commander of French troops dispatched by Louis XIV to assist Philip V in Spain (1703); received greater attention after posthumous publication of Memoirs (1777): 678
Betterton, Thomas (1635?–1710), actor and theatre manager; greatest English actor between Burbage and Garrick; administrated for William Davenant’s heir until 1677; set up and ran Lincoln’s Inn Fields theatre (1695–1705); implemented the developmentof the spectacle in English theatre that had already been accomplished in Italy and Spain: 623
Bevil, Revd William (d. 1822): 799
Bewley, William (1726–83), surgeon, apothecary and writer; contributor to the Monthly Review, friend of Charles Burney, correspondent of Joseph Priestley: 838
Beza, Theodore de (1519–1605); author, translator, educator and theologian; succeeded Jean Calvin as leader of the Protestants at Geneva: 416
Bickerstaffe, Isaac (1733-?! 812), homosexual librettist; created Love in a Village (1762), a full-scale comic opera, Love in the City (1767), and The Padlock (1768), produced by Garrick at Drury Lane: 304, 434
Bicknell, John (d. 1787),? author of Musical Travels by Joel Collier (q.v.): 170
Bindley, James (1737–1818), book collector; commissioner of the stamp office (1765); self-avowed ‘incurable Bibliomaniac’: 9
Bingham, Sir Charles, see Lucan, Charles Bingham, ist Earl of
Binning, Charles Hamilton, Lord, later 8th Earl of Haddington (1753–1828), Langton’s brother-in-law: 359, 702
Birch, Dr Thomas (1705–66), compiler of histories and biographer; vicar of Ulting in Essex (1732); one of three editors of the General Dictionary, Historical and Critical (1732); elected to the Royal Society (1735); secretary for the Royal Society (1752–65): 13, 20, 21, 81,82 and n. a, 87 and n. c, 88 andn. c, 92, 105, 106 and n. a, 125, 126, 155, 166, 617 n. a
Blacklock, Dr Thomas (1721–91), poet and writer; author of An Essay on Universal Etymology (1756) and Poems on Several Occasions (1746); met S.J. and discussed the difficulties in compiling a dictionary: 179, 245
Blackmore, Sir Richard (c. 1655–1729), physician and writer; author of Prince Arthur: An Heroick Poem in Ten Books (1695); accused by Dryden of plagiarism; later wrote Eliza: An Epic Poem in Ten Books (1705) and The Nature of Man (1711); started The Lay-Monk with John Hughes (1713): 315, 316 and n. a, 724, 782 n. a, 793–4
Blackstone, Sir William (1723–80), legal writer, judge and Tory; established English law as an academic discipline at Oxford; author of Commentaries on the Laws of England, twenty-two successive editions of which appeared in England and Ireland by 1854: 46, 451 n. a, 484 n. a, 495, 730, 814
Blackwall, Revd Anthony (1674–1730), classical scholar and schoolmaster; produced 1706 edition of the verse of Theognis; author of An Introduction to the Classics (1718) and A New Latin Grammar (1728), of which S.J. was critical: 50 and n. a, 936, 993 n. a
Blackwell, Dr Thomas (1701–57), principal of Marischal College, Aberdeen, classical scholar and historian; author of An Enquiry into the Life and Writings of Homer (1735), Letters Concerning Mythology (1748) and Memoirs of the Court of Augustus (3 vols., 1753–63), pioneering studies in their field: 166, 168
Blagden, Sir Charles (1748–1820), physician: 477 n. a, 779
Blainville, H. de: 447
Blair, Dr Hugh (1718–1800), Church of Scotland minister and professor of rhetoric at Edinburgh University; man of letters; sermon against the Americans (1776) greatly offended J.B.; published Sermons in 1777: 192, 210, 294, 408, 410, 421, 543, 571, 575, 613, 616 and n. a, 637, 706, 707, 740 and n. a, 741, 817
Blair, Dr John (d. 1782), prebendary of Westminster, Church of England clergyman and chronologist; fellow of the Royal Society (1755); secretary to Edward, Duke of York; author of The Chronology and History of the World (1754): 740
Blair, Revd Robert (1699–1746), poet, author of The Grave (1743, 767 lines of blank verse; illustrated by Blake in 1808); minister in Haddington presbytery: 542n. a
Blair, Robert, of Avonton (1741–1811), son of the above, Solicitor-General of Scotland and Lord President of the Court of Session: 542
Blakeway, Revd John Brickdale (1765–1826), Church of England clergyman and antiquary; fellow of Society of Antiquaries (1807); author of A History of Shrewsbury (2 vols., 1825); elected to the ministry of the royal peculiar of St Mary’s, Shrewsbury: 9
Blanchetti, the Marquis and Marchioness: 470
Blaney, Mrs Elizabeth (d. 1694): 25, 971
Bloxam, RevdMatthew (1711–86): 687
Boccaccio, Giovanni (1313–75), Florentine writer and humanist, author of The Decameron: 475
Boccage, Mada
me du (1710–1802): 470, 478,946
Bochart, Samuel (1599–1667), scholar and linguist: 475
Bohme, Jacob, see Behmen
Boerhaave, Herman (1668–1738), Dutch physician and teacher of medicine; the subject of a short biography by S.J.: 10, 82, 460
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus (480–524), early Christian philosopher, author of the De Consolatione Philosophiae, which exerted great influence in the Middle Ages, and was translated by (inter alios) King Alfred and Chaucer: 81, 327
Boethius, Hector (1465?-1536), Scottish historian and college head: 407, 909
Bohemian servant, J.B.’s, see Ritter, Joseph
Boileau-Despreaux, Nicolas (1636–1711), French neoclassical critic and poet: 20, 69, 142, 711, 670, 830, 958
Bolingbroke, Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount (1734–87): 713
Bolingbroke, Henry St John, 1st Viscount (1678–1751), Tory politician, diplomatist, author; Secretary for War (1704-8); Secretary of State for the North (1710); supported the Schism Bill against dissenting academies (1714); fled for France (1715); given earldom by the Pretender; Jacobite scapegoat for the fiasco of the 1715 rising; pardoned (1723); contributed to oppositional journal The Craftsman and author of Reflections upon Exile (1716); at the centre of Tory literary circle including Swift, Gay and Pope: 145, 162, 170, 177, 451, 650 n. a, 709, 711, 740 and n. a, 741, 790
Bolingbroke, Lady, divorced from the 2nd Viscount, see Beauclerk, Lady Diana
Bolingbroke (Marie Claire, Marquise de Villette), Viscountess (1675–1750), second wife of the 1st Viscount: 698
Bonaventure, St (c. 1217–74), leading medieval theologian, minister general of the Franciscan order, and cardinal bishop of Albano: 261
Bond, Mrs (fl. 1784), of Lichfield: 989 n. a
Bond, Phineas (1749–1815), Consul-General for the Middle and Southern States of America: 371
Boothby, Miss Hill (1708–56), friend of S.J., who was ‘almost distracted with grief when she died; likely target of S.J.’s attempts to remarry in 1753: 49, 795 n. a
Boothby, Sir Brooke (1710–89): 49
Borlase, Revd William (1695–1772), antiquary and naturalist; supplied samples of Cornish minerals to Pope; fellow of the Royal Society (1750); author of Observations on the Ancient and Present State of the Islands of Scilly (1756), lauded by S.J. in the Literary Magazine: 13, 166, 617 n. a
Boscawen, Hon. Edward (1711–61), admiral, RN: 702
Boscawen, Hon. Mrs (d. 1805), widow of the preceding, letter writer and literary heiress; muse and patron to several writers; dedicatee of Hannah More’s poem ‘Sensibility’: 702, 753, 816
Boscovich, Pere Roger Joseph (1711–87), mathematician and philosopher: 326, 480
Bosville, Diana, elder daughter of Godfrey Bosville, see Macdonald, Lady
Bosville, Godfrey (1717–84), of Gunthwaite andThorpe, Yorkshire: 761, 717
Bosville, Mrs Godfrey (d. 1780): 350
Boswell, Alexander, see Auchinleck, Lord
Boswell, David (d. 1661), 5th Laird of Auchinleck: 483
Boswell, David, J.B. ‘s brother, see Boswell, Thomas David
Boswell, David (1776-7), J.B.’s second son: 570, 577, 578
Boswell, Dr John (1707–80), J.B.’s uncle: 231, 514, 517–18, 523, 583
Boswell, Elizabeth (nee Boswell) (d. 1799), 2nd wife of Lord Auchinleck: 334, 570
Boswell, Euphemia (1774–1837), J.B.’s second daughter: 411, 489, 569, 576, 640
Boswell, James (d. 1749), J.B.’s grandfather: 483, 489
Boswell, James (1778–1822), barrister and literary scholar, J.B.’s second surviving son; member of the Roxburghe Club (1813); worked with Edmund Malone to edit a nine-volume Shakespeare (1821) and provide additional material for the third, fourth, fifth and sixth editions of Life of Johnson (1799, 1804, 1807, 1811):9, 330, 525, 721, 723
Boswell, Margaret (nee Montgomerie) (d. 1789), wife of J.B.; achieved fame through the Life, a work which was completed in large part through her endurance: 338, 402, 403, 404, 406, 408, 409, 411, 416, 417, 419, 420, 422, 429, 450,463, 464,465, 468,482, 483,487, 488,489, 491, 565, 566, 569, 570, 575, 576, 578, 586, 591, 592, 593, 609, 636, 639, 640,642, 719,720, 725,748, 759, 763, 840 and n. a, 848, 850, 851, 852, 853, 855, 862, 886, 892, 909, 910, 975
Boswell, Sir Alexander (1775–1822), poet, politician and eldest son of J.B.; member of the Roxburghe Club (1819); Tory MP for Plympton Erle, Devon: 467, 482,483, 489, 525, 565, 569, 575, 576, 578, 587, 640
Boswell, Sir William (d. 1649), diplomat and patron of learning; resident agent in the United Provinces at The Hague (1632); early follower of Galileo in England: 109 n. b
Boswell, Thomas (d. 1513), 1st Laird of Auchinleck: 483, 872
Boswell, Thomas David (d. 1826), J.B.’s youngest brother, a Spanish merchant and, subsequently, an inspector in the Navy Pay Office: 622, 757, 761–2, 763, 890, 998
Boswell, Veronica (1773–95), J.B.’s eldest daughter: 463, 565, 569, 575, 576, 578, 587, 592, 640, 725
Boswell of Balmuto: 483
Bott, Revd Thomas (1688–1754): 617 n. a
Bouchier, or Bourchier, Charles (c.1727–1810), governor of Madras (1767–70): 812
Bouffier, Claude, see Buffier, Claude
Boufflers, Madame de (Marie Charlotte Hippolyte, comtesse de Bouffiers-Rouverel) (1724–c.1800): 322, 479
Bouhours, Dominique (1628–1702), French author and critic: 306
Boulter, DrHugh (1672–1742), Archbishopof Armagh: 29
Boulton, Matthew (1728–1809), manufacturer and entrepreneur; ran the Soho Foundry (est. 1796), a purpose-built steam engine factory and a mint to supply coinage to the government; acquired techniques for manufacture of Sheffield plate and ormolu: 510
Bouquet, Joseph (fl. 1751–4), London bookseller: 133
Bourchier, Charles, see Bouchier, Charles
Bourdaloue, Louis (1632–1704), French divine: 388
Bourdonne, Madame de: 388 n. b
Bourryau, Mr: 507
Bower, Archibald (1686–1766), historian: 127
Bowles, William (1755–1826), sonof the above: 891–4
Bowyer, William (1699–1777), printer; valued a learned corrector at the heart of hisfirm and hence producedworksofsome scholarship; Appointed to print votes Of the House of Commons (1729);Bought the copyrights to significant Swiftiana; describedbyJohn Nicholsas‘the most learned [English] Printerofthe Eighteenth Century’: 969
Boydell, Alderman John (1719–1804), engraver and printseller; common council-Lorfor the ward of Cheap(1758);Alderman(1782);Proprietor of successful shop at the corner of Queen Street in Cheapside; opened Shakespeare Gallery (1789): 419 n. c
Boyle, Hon. Robert (1627–91), natural philosopher;founder memberofthe Royal Society: 168
Boyse, Revd Joseph (1660–1728), Presbyterian minister: 617 n. a
Boyse, Samuel (1708–49), poet; author of Translations and Poems (1731) and Deity(1739), along poem in heroic couplets: 993 n. a
Bradley, Revd James (1693–1762), astronomer: 617 n. a
Bradshaw, William (fl. 1700), hack writer: 873 n. b
Braithwaite, Daniel (c. 1731–1817), of the Post Office: 917
Bramhall, Dr John (1594–1663), Archbishop of Armagh; advocated the adoption by the Irish Church of the Thirty-nine Articles and English canons of 1604; con-verser with Hobbes on liberty and necessity; author of A Vindication of True Liberty from Antecedent and Extrinsical Necessity (1655); remembered chiefly by association with Ussher, Laud, Hobbes and Wentworth: 313
Bramston, James (1694?–1744), poet and Church of England clergyman; deacon at Oxford (1720); priest at Winchester (1721); complimented by Pope in The Dunciad; author of The Art of Politicks (1729) and The Man of Taste (1733): 45 n. a
Brandt, Sebastian (1458–1521), poet and lawyer: 150
Brett, Anna Margaretta (d. 1743), daughter of Colonel Brett and mistress of George I: 100 and n. a
Brett, Dr Thomas (1667–1744), bishop of the Nonjuring Church of England; active in nonjuror movement u
ntil death; author of The Review of the Lutheran Principles: 922
Brett, Lieutenant-Colonel Henry (d. 1724): 100 n. a
Brett, Mrs, wife of the above, see Macclesfield, Countess of
Bridgen, Edward (d. 1787), husband of Richardson’s daughter: 198
Bridgen, Mrs Martha, nee Richardson (1736–85): 198
Bristol, bishops of, see Newton, Dr Thomas; Smalridge, Dr George
Bristol, John Hervey, 1st Earl of (1665–1751), staunch Whig politician and landowner; MP for Bury St Edmunds until created Baron Hervey of Ickworth; opponent of Walpole government: 62, 280
Broadley, Captain (fl. 1778), of Lincolnshire: 717
Brocklesby, Dr Richard (1722–97), physician; licentiate of Royal College of Physicians (1754); physician to the army (1758); founder of Essex Head Club with S.J., who was among his patients; author of Reflections on Antient and Modern Musick with Application to the Care of Disease (1749) and Oeconomical and Medical Observations (1764): 453, 862, 889, 890, 891, 897, 902, 907–8, 910, 914, 963, 949, 974, 988, 989 and n. a, 996–7
Brooke, Henry (1703?-83), sentimental writer and playwright; achieved notoriety with Gustavus Vasa: The Deliverer of his Country (1739), a play regarded as oppositional to Walpole; greater fame followed The Fool of Quality (5 vols., 1766–70); later quarrelled with Garrick; part of the Anglo-Irish class of mid-eighteenth-century writers: 10, 82
Broome, William (1689–1745), translator, poet and clergyman; translated Books 1 o and 11 of The Iliad into Miltonic verse (1712); associate in Pope’s translation ofThe Odyssey (1722); later attacked by Pope in TheDunciad(1728): 745, 789
Broughton, Revd Hugh (1549–1612), Puritan divine: 617 n. a
Broughton, RevdThomas (1704–74), divine: 617 n. a
Brown, Dr John (1715–66), author and moralist; two major plays have failed to retain literary interest since death: Barbarossa (1754), Athelstan (1756); stylish and skilful in An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times (1757) and An Essay on Satire Occasion’d by the Death of Mr Pope (1745); utility and God were at the core of his moral theory: 329, 617 n. a
Brown, J.B.’s clerk: 815
Brown, Lancelot (1715–83), known as ‘Capability Brown’, the classic English landscape gardener and architect; landscaped Blenheim, Oxfordshire; works characterized by principles of comfort and elegance and epitomized much of early eighteenth-century design: 504, 739
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