City Noise, “The Bridges of New York City”: http://citynoise.org/article/773
Civil Air Patrol: www.gocivilairpatrol.com
CNN, “Equal Opportunities at 38,000 Feet”: www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/10/28/malaysia.female.pilots/index.html
_____, “Why Aren’t More Women Airline Pilots?”: http://articles.cnn.com/2011-03-18/travel/female.airline.pilots_1_women-airline-pilots-american-airlines-captain-helen-richey?_s=PM:TRAVEL
Cradle of Aviation Museum, “People”: www.cradleofaviation.org/history/people
Davis-Monthan Aviation Field Register, “Florence Low ‘Pancho’ Barnes”: http://dmairfield.org/people/barnes_fl/
_____, “Lady Mary Heath”: www.dmairfield.com/people/heath_lm
Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum, “Jacqueline Cochran and the Women’s Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs): http://eisenhower.archives.gov/research/online_documents/jacqueline_cochran.html
EAA, “EAA’s Countdown to Kitty Hawk”: www.countdowntokittyhawk.com
EAA Young Eagles: www.youngeagles.org
Eagle Flight Squadron, Inc.: http://eagleflightsquadron.org
Early Aviators, “Baroness de Laroche”: http://earlyaviators.com/edelaroc.htm
Edwards Air Force Base, “Team Edwards Celebrates Pancho Barnes Day”: www.edwards.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123177234
Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture, “Louise McPhetridge Thaden (1905–1979)”: http://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=30
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA): http://earlyaviators.com/edelaroc.htm
FAI, “The First Women’s Records”: www.fai.org/records/57-fai/35098-the-first-womens-records
First Flight Foundation, “Honoring 100 Aviation Heroes”: www.firstflightfoundation.org/first-flight-foundation-about-us/first-flight-foundation-history/honoring-100-aviation-heroes.shtml
Gale Group, “Beryl Markham”: www.karenblixen.com/gale.html
Goldstripes Aviation, “Centennial of Women Pilots”: http://centennialofwomenpilots.com
Hill Air Force Base, “Willa Brown”: www.hill.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=5858
International Forest of Friendship: http://ifof.org
International Society of Women Airline Pilots: www.iswap.org
International Women’s Air and Space Museum: http://iwasm.org/wp-blog
Iowa Pathways, “Neta Snook: Determined to Fly”: www.iptv.org/iowapathways/mypath.cfm?ounid=ob_000185
Jerrie Cobb Foundation: www.jerrie-cobb.org
Library of Congress, American Folklife Center Veterans History Project, “Interview with Violet Cowden”: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/vhp/story/loc.natlib.afc2001001.18240/transcript?ID=sr0001
Lindbergh Foundation, “Lindbergh Foundation Partners with the Patty Wagstaff Kenya Wildlife Service”: www.lindberghfoundation.org/docs/index.php/patty-wagstaff
Motion Picture Pilots Association, “Patty Wagstaff”: www.moviepilots.com/members/wagstaff.html
National Aviation Hall of Fame, “Enshrinees”: www.nationalaviation.org/enshrinees
National Museum of the US Air Force (Fact Sheets): www.nationalmuseum.af.mil
National WASP World War II Museum, “Jackie Cochran Biography”: http://waspmuseum.org/jackie-cochran-biography/NASA
_____, “Elinor Smith: Born to Fly”: www.nasa.gov/topics/people/features/elinor-smith.html
______, “Gliders”: www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/glider.html
The Ninety-Nines Inc. International Organization of Women Pilots: www.ninety-nines.org
Oklahoma Historical Society’s Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, “Geraldyn M. Cobb”: http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/C/CO010.html
Pancho Barnes Official Website: www.panchobarnes.com
Patty Wagstaff Airshows: www.pattywagstaff.com
Polar First: www.polarfirst.com
Royal Air Force Air Cadets: www.raf.mod.uk/aircadets
San Diego Air and Space Museum: www.sandiegoairandspace.org
Smithsonian Air and Space Museum, “America by Air”: http://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/gal102/americabyair/index.cfm
_____, “Black Wings”: http://airandspace.si.edu/blackwings
______, “Women in Aviation”: http://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/women/roche.cfm
Society of Air Racing Historians, “Results of the Bendix Air Race”: www.airrace.com/ResultsBendix.htm
South Central Section Ninety-Nines, “Wally Funk Is Still Determined to Get Her Shot at Space”: www.scs99s.org/Profiles/WallyFunk.pdf
Texas Woman’s University Libraries and Digital Collections: www.twu.edu/library/wasp.asp
TIGHAR (The International Group for Historical Aircraft Recovery): http://tighar.org
University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Betty H. Carter Women Veterans Historical Project, “Violet Cowden Papers”: library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=450
University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, “Mercury 13”: www.uwosh.edu/mercury13
US Air Force (Fact Sheets; News): www.af.mil
Whirly-Girls: www.whirlygirls.org
Wings Across America: http://wingsacrossamerica.us/
“Women in Aviation and Space History”: http://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/women/
Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company: www.wright-brothers.org
INDEX
Page numbers in italics refer to photographs.
Abbott, Robert, 25, 26, 29
aerial firefighters, 158–160
Aero Enterprises, 77
Aero Reclaiming Company, 66
Aero Valley Airport, 77
aerobatics, 74, 155, 156–157
Aéro-Club, 8
aerospace education, 168
African Americans
first female captain, 94, 144
first licensed pilots, 26, 92
flight schools for, 31, 93, 195
Harlem Renaissance, 27
military status, 93, 94
air ambulances, 172–173, 174
Air Cadets Organisation, 195
Air Care Alliance, 169
Air Charity Network, 169
Air College Inc., 76
Air Force, 101, 102
Air Marking Program, 57, 59, 170
Air National Guard, 102
Air Race Classic, 45
air races, 42, 44–45. See also specific names
AirAsia, 83
Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA), 169
Airline Transport Pilot certificate (ATP), 143–144
All-Woman Transcontinental Air Race, 45
Amazon rainforest, 199–200
Amelia Earhart Fund for Aeronautical Research, 52
Amelia Earhart Memorial Scholarship fund, 184
Angel Flight, 169
Arnold, Hap, 103
Asian Americans, 79
Associated Motion Picture Pilots (AMPP), 137
astronauts, 152
ATA (British Air Transport Auxiliary), 98
Atlantic flights, 49, 50, 51, 87–88, 176–177
autogiros, 50
Avenger Field, 104–105
Aviation Cross award, 65
aviatrix, use of term, 90
Barnes, Florence Lowe
“Pancho”, 136–141
background, 137–138
Happy Bottom Riding Club, 140–141
Barnes, Rankin, 137
barnstorming, 36–37, 134
Barr, Mary, 134
barrage balloons, 129
Beech, Walter, 58
Beechcraft C17R Staggerwing biplane, 55–56
Beechnut Company, 50
Bendix Transcontinental Air Race, 55–56, 107
Berlin, Germany, 125
Bessie Coleman Aero Club, 31
Bessie Coleman Drive, 31
Black, Tom Campbell, 86, 88
Blériot, Louis, 20
“B” licenses, 86
Bod
ill, Colin, 186–190
Boeing 747s, 145
Bone, R. O., 63
Boston Aero Meet, 22
Bragg, Janet Harmon, 92–93
Bridge of Wings tour, 120
bridges, 67–68
British Air Ministry, 35
British Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA), 98
Bronze Eagles Flying Club, 195
Brown, Willa, 90–95
achievements, 93–94
background, 91–92
Civil Air Patrol, 93–94, 167
Burns, Beverly, 134, 142, 145–146
bush pilots, 84–85
Caitlin, Ben, 138
Cal Fire, 158
Camp Davis, 100
Campbell, Mark, 63
CAP Squadron 613, 93–94
Carter, Jimmy, 116
Cary-Hopson, Carole, 170–171
Caterpillar Club, 181
Caudron Brothers’ School of Aviation, 26
Central Airlines, 143
Challenger Air Pilots Association, 31, 92
charities, 146, 169–170
Charles A. and Anne Morrow Lindbergh Foundation, 158
Chatterton Air Race, 80
Cheung, Katherine Sui Fun, 79–83
achievements, 83
background, 80
teaching, 82
Chicago, Illinois, 28
Chicago Defender (newspaper), 26, 29, 90–91
China, 80, 81–82
Chinese Aeronautical Association, 80
Church, Ellen, 133
Chute, Roger, 138
Civil Air Patrol (CAP), 93–94, 167–168
Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP), 93, 98
Clarke-Washington, Patrice, 94, 144
climate change, 162
Clinton, Hillary, 201
Clutterbuck, Charles, 85
Coast Guard, 102
Cobb, Geraldyn “Jerrie,” 197–201
astronaut training, 199, 200–201
aviation records, 198
awards/achievements, 199, 200
background, 198
humanitarian work, 199–200
Life article, 152
Cobb, William H., 197
Cochran, Jacqueline, 103–110
air races, 106, 107, 109
ATA activities, 98
aviation records, 107, 109
awards/achievements, 108, 109
background, 105–106, 109
military programs, 104–105, 107–108, 114
Coffey, Cornelius, 91, 92
Coffey School of Aeronautics, 92, 93
Coleman, Bessie “Queen Bess,” 25–31
accidents, 30
aviation shows, 29–30
background, 27–29
in France, 25–26
memorial flyover, 94
Coleman, George, 27
Coleman, Susan, 27–28
Colored Agricultural and Normal University (Langston University), 28
combat pilots, 97, 101, 118–119, 122–123
commercial airlines, 133–135, 142–147
Congressional Gold Medal, 116
Cooper, Edna May, 59, 65
Coup Femina, 13
Cowden, Violet “Vi,” 111–117
awards/achievements, 116
background, 112
Crosson, Marvel, 43
Curtiss Aviation, 181
Curtiss Flying School, 33, 34–35, 180–181
Curtiss, Glenn, 33, 36
D1000 trackers, 187–188
d’Arlandes, Marquis, 10
Davenport Aviation School, 33–34
Deal, Sarah M., 102
de Laroche, Raymonde (Elise Raymonde Delaroche), 8–15
accidents, 12, 13, 15
aviation records, 14
background, 9–12
Wright and, 10–11
de Rozier, Jean-François Pilâtre, 10
Department of Transportation (DOT), 151
Drake Passage, 187
drift sights, 162
Dutrieu, Hélène, 6
Eagle Flight Squadron, 170–171
Earhart, Amelia, 46–54
accidents, 38
Atlantic flights, 49, 50, 51
aviation records, 51–52
background, 48–49
flight around the world, 46–48, 52–53
Pacific flight, 51–52
Quimby on, 23
races, 43, 55
Snook and, 38, 49
Edwards Air Force Base, 141
endurance records, 59, 64
Engle, Connie, 101
English Channel, 16–18, 20–22
Experimental Aircraft Association Young Eagles, 195
FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), 150–151
FAA General Aviation Operations Inspector Academy course, 151–152
Fairchild Airplane Manufacturing Corporation, 177
Farman airplanes, 13
Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), 12, 14
Feminine International Aerobatics Championships, 157
ferrying, 98, 104
firefighters, 158–160
flight attendants, 133–134
Flight Charities, Inc., 169
“Flight of Wally Funk, The” (Spiderbait), 149
flight schools. See also specific names
for African Americans, 31, 93
rejection of women, 7, 20, 25
during war, 35
for women, 7, 33, 59
Fly with Me Coloring Book (Smith), 194
Flying Aggies, 150
Focke-Wulf Fw helicopters, 128
Fort, Cornelia, 100
France, 5–6, 25–26
Frank Phillips Trophy Race, 55
Fuller, Burdett, 62
Funk, Mary Wallace “Wally,” 148–154
awards/achievements, 153
background, 148–150
as flight instructor, 151
safety work, 151–153
Gee Bee airplanes, 106
gender issues
commercial airlines, 76, 133–135, 142–143, 145
in military, 97–102, 108, 116, 142
racing bans, 42, 55
stereotypes, 2, 41, 42, 69–70, 72
gender roles, 7, 126
Gentry, Viola, 59, 70
Gillis, Beth, 182
Gillis, Helen Fay. See Wells, Fay Gillis
Gillis family, 182
Glenn, John, 200
gliders, 127
Gokcen, Sabiha, 118
Golden Eagle airplanes, 63–64
Goldin, Daniel, 201
Good Lion, The, 88–89
Gordon, Lou, 49
Gower, Pauline, 98
Grannis Field Airport, 193
Great Patriotic War, 121
Greaves, Decarla, 195
Greim, Robert Ritter von, 125
Grizodubova, Valentina, 118–124
awards/achievements, 119, 123
background, 119
long-distance flight, 119–121
Hamel, Gustav, 21
Harlem Airport air show, 91
Harlem Field, 92
Heath, Mary, 87
helicopters, 128, 187, 190
Heliopolis air meet, 12
Hell’s Angels (film), 136
Hidden Heroine (Rimmerman), 183
High, Wide, and Frightened (Thaden), 59
hot-air balloons, 10, 174
Howland Island, 47
Hubbard Medal, 42
Hughes, Howard, 136
Hultgreen, Kara Spears, 101
humanitarian work, 167–171. See also charities
Ice, Clyde, 112
Ida Van Smith Flight Club, 192, 193, 194
Ingalls, Laura, 55, 56
International Aviation Tournament, 19
International Children’s Emergency Fund tour, 173
International Forest of Friendship, 179–180
International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery, The (TIGHAR), 53
&n
bsp; International Women’s Air Race, 59–60
Iowa State College, 33
Jacqueline Cochran Cosmetics, 106
Johnson, Amy, 87
Johnson, Lyndon, 151
Kenya Wildlife Service, 158
Kinner Field, 37
Klingensmith, Florence, 74
knickerbocker uniforms, 20
Kwon Ki-ok, 82
Langston, Oklahoma, 28
Larson, Charlotte, 134
Law, Ruth, 14
Lee, Hazel Ling, 81
Leslie’s Illustrated Weekly, 19
licenses
commercial, 86, 92, 143–144
first female pilots, 6
helicopter, 190
Lindbergh, Anne Morrow, 42
Lindbergh, Charles, 42, 67–68
Litvyak, Lilya, 122
Lockheed 10-E Electra, 52
Louise M. Thaden Field, 61
Love, Nancy Harkness, 104
Lowe, Florence Leontine. See Barnes, Pancho
Lowe, Thaddeus, 137
Luce, Claire Boothe, 2
Luftwaffe, 128
Mach 1, 108, 140
Machine Age, 5
MacRobertson Air Race, 106
Makagonova, Khalide, 120
Manhattan bridges, 68
Marine Corps, 102
Markham, Beryl Clutterbuck, 84–89
air races, 86–87
Atlantic flight, 87–88
background, 85
Markham, Mansfield, 86
Marsalis, Frances, 59
Mawuli, Patricia, 168–169
McIntyre, Dorothy Layne, 93
McPhetridge, Edna, 58
McPhetridge, Louise. See Thaden, Louise McPhetridge
McPhetridge, Roy, 58
Medical Bridges, 146
medical flights, 172–173, 174
Mercury 13 astronauts, 152, 201
Miles, Rhonda, 120
military. See also specific programs
female pilots, 97–102, 103, 118–119, 122–123, 126
racial discrimination, 93, 94
Mitchell, Nikki, 120
Mock, Geraldine, 51
Moisant, Alfred, 19
Moisant, John, 19
Moisant, Matilde, 19, 20, 21
Monroney, Mike, 150
Moon Tree, 180
Motion Picture Pilots Association (MPPA), 134, 158
Murray, Jennifer, 186–191
awards/achievements, 189
background, 190
charity work, 186, 191
polar flights, 186–187, 188–189, 191
Mystery Circus, 139
NASA, 199
NASA Vertical Motion Simulator, 71
Nassau Boulevard Aviation Meet, 21
National Aerobatic Championships, 157
National Negro Airmen Association of America, 93
National Women’s Air Derby, 42–44, 49, 56–57, 63–64, 139
navigation, 47, 106, 162, 163, 187
Women Aviators Page 17
