The Unquiet Englishman
Page 70
Greene, Graham, CHARACTER: defence of dissidents/underdogs xvi, 153, 154, 156, 325, 349–50; dislike of children 7, 284; payments to family/friends/writers 74, 288–9, 322, 323, 331, 423–4; Barbara Greene on 83; fascination with charismatic strongmen 88, 220, 411; quest for absolutes 141; sympathy for the disgraced 152–3, 183, 349–50, 382, 383, 495; Jerrold on 159; practical jokes 159, 180–1, 232–3, 238; appetite for conflict 187, 350; self-loathing 306–7; fear in Haiti 358, 360, 362–3
Greene, Graham, FILMS (GG scripts and/or based on GG’s work): Orient Express (Paul Martin, 1934) 68, 83; The Fallen Idol (Carol Reed, 1948) 92, 162, 173–4; Twenty-One Days (Basil Dean, 1940) 97–8, 192; The Green Cockatoo (William Cameron Menzies, 1937) 99, 100, 106; Brighton Rock (John Boulting, 1948) 127, 165–6; The Confidential Agent (Herman Shumlin, 1945) 128–9; The Fugitive (John Ford, 1947) 130; The Third Man (Carol Reed, 1949) 155, 179–81, 182, 183–4, 185–6; The Man Within (Bernard Knowles, 1947) 166; The Quiet American (Joseph L. Mankiewicz, 1958) 166, 270, 300; ‘No Man’s Land’ (abandoned film idea) 193–4; The End of the Affair (Edward Dmytryk, 1955) 224; The Comedians (Peter Glenville, 1967) 228, 370, 373–4, 378–80; The Heart of the Matter (George More O’Ferrall, 1953) 229; The Stranger’s Hand (Mario Soldati, 1954) 233–4, 415; Loser Takes All (Ken Annakin, 1956) 251; Saint Joan (Otto Preminger, 1957) 277; Our Man in Havana (Carol Reed, 1959) 300, 302–3, 304; Travels with My Aunt (1972) 404–5; England Made Me (Peter Duffell, 1972) 405; The Honorary Consul (Beyond the Limit) (John Mackenzie, 1983) 405; The Human Factor (Otto Preminger, 1979) 405
Greene, Graham, HEALTH: adenoids and tonsils removed 2, 7; childhood illnesses 2, 13, 15, 16–18, 21, 49; epilepsy diagnosed 21, 49–50; appendectomy (October 1926) 48, 74; hay fever and asthma 61; serious fever in Liberia 89–90; dysentery in Mexico 122–3; use of amphetamines 125–6, 193, 281–2, 325; haemorrhage in urinary tract (1948) 184–5; use of barbiturates 193; abdominal pains 301–2; cancer as rife in family 302; colectomy (1979) 302, 460; pneumonia (1960) 328–30; Celevac (medication) 420–1; lumbago attack (1973) 420–1; digestive trouble 421; dental problems (1974) 422, 424; decline (from 1989) 500, 503–4, 505–7; see also Greene, Graham, BIPOLAR ILLNESS
Greene, Graham, JOURNALISM: articles on Irish Civil War 25–6; in Germany (1924) 27–8; for Oxford Outlook 28, 36–7; on film industry 36–7, 53; at Nottingham Journal 40–1; sub-editor on The Times 46–7, 52–3; leaves The Times (1929) 55; passion play at Oberammergau 56–7; as film reviewer 68, 92, 97, 98, 102–3; reviews fiction for Spectator 68, 92, 102; Stavisky Affair in Paris 77; literary editor of Night and Day 101–3; literary editor of Spectator (1940–1) 134; Evening Standard book column 165; for Life in Malaya/Vietnam 200, 206, 208, 209, 219, 226–7; article on Pius XII 209–10; public letter to Chaplin 225; ‘Indo-China: France’s Crown of Thorns’ (1952) 226–7; for Sunday Times 236, 239–40, 242, 247, 261–2, 264–5, 361; ‘A Third Man Entertainment on Security in Room 51’ 349–50; for Sunday Telegraph 351, 353, 360, 362–3, 388–90, 391; ‘Return to Cuba’ (article, 1963) 353; ‘The Nightmare Republic’ (article, 1963) 360, 362–3; for Daily Telegraph in Cuba 374–7; ‘The Soupsweet Land’ (article) 395; on Paraguay 403; ‘Chile: The Dangerous Edge’ (1971) 412; ‘The Country with Five Frontiers’ (1977) 444–5, 446; ‘The Great Spectacular’ 448
Greene, Graham, LITERARY LIFE: existing biographies of xiv, 416–18; loyalty and betrayal narratives xv–xvi, 49, 58, 148, 155, 173–4, 189, 301, 381, 456, 484; term ‘involvement’ xv–xvi; ‘Catholic novelist’ tag xvi, 105–6, 199, 225; faith theme xvi, 105–6, 194–5, 213, 282–3, 284, 336–7, 430; core of nostalgia or sentimentality 7, 80, 94, 251, 395; fascination with men on the run 8, 49, 64, 119–20, 128, 129–30; writing in childhood 9; poems 18, 24, 32, 33, 34, 47, 230; attention to dreams 19, 20, 26, 67, 71, 147, 398, 484, 506; first published story 23–4; early fiction writing 34–5, 47–9, 53–9; five hundred words per day 41, 197; Nottingham settings 41; repulsive character as ‘hero’ 48–9, 95, 109; traces of himself in fictional characters 49, 74, 130, 144–5, 175, 336–7; use of foolscap 49, 291, 407; Catholicism in before Brighton Rock 58; debt to Heinemann 66, 67; characters taking on life of their own 74–5, 144–5, 434; female characters 74, 281, 343; arrangement with Hamish Hamilton 92–3; discovers/promotes Narayan 93–4; ‘Greeneland’ 94, 141, 184, 220, 293, 454; ‘Novels’ and ‘Entertainments’ distinction 95, 146, 394; pseudonym Hilary Trench 95; pity and compassion themes 109, 146, 147, 407–8; papers sold to US universities 126; comic fiction 146, 251, 361, 394, 402, 404, 430, 435; works for Eyre & Spottiswoode 155, 158–61, 170, 181, 187, 188; MGM contracts 156, 161–2; and first-person narration 197–8; third-person perspective 197; writes in longhand 197; and Nobel Prize 199; numbers as a leitmotif 212, 251; as director at the Bodley Head 225, 289–90, 338–9; Collected Edition volumes 331, 339, 395, 408–9; play within a play technique 335–6, 366; problem of the ‘Judas’ 349; leaves Viking for Simon & Schuster (1970) 370–1, 404; television interview (April 1968) 396–8, 501; GG on writing a novel 434; Borovik’s documentary on (1988) 489, 495; conflict with Anthony Burgess 497–8; leaves Bodley Head 498
Greene, Graham, PERSONAL LIFE: growth of body of evidence on xiv–xv; existing biographies of xiv, 416–18; personal mythology on trust and betrayal xv–xvi, 13, 14, 231, 270, 300, 349–50, 383, 395; childhood and school days 1–3, 5–12, 13–17, 18–22, 31, 49–50, 157, 301, 349; phobia of birds 2, 121, 253; journey on foot through Liberia 6, 33, 80, 81–4, 86–90, 94, 140, 307–8; at Balliol 22, 23–5, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33–5; friendship with Waugh 24, 190, 211–12, 248, 336–7, 342, 371; love for Gwen Howell 30–1; Russian roulette story 31–3, 482; alcohol consumption 31, 184–5, 252, 260, 483, 490; gains second in History at Oxford 36; use of prostitutes 39–40, 68–9, 74; as private tutor in Ashover 40; as special constable during General Strike 46, 76; expresses gratitude to his parents 50–1; honeymoon in south of France 51; marries Vivienne (1927) 51; expects to die young 59; as avid rambler/walker 60–1; lives in Chipping Campden 60–2, 66, 68–9; money problems in early 1930s 65–8, 288; lives in Oxford 69–70; driving 75; at Battle of Cable Street (4 October 1936) 76, 389; as distant father 76, 148, 163, 263–4, 416; flying 77; house at 14 Clapham Common North Side 91, 133–4; at Ministry of Information in WW2, 132–3; book collecting 135–6, 323; WW2 intelligence work 137–45, 146, 149–53, 154–7, 277; gives up smoking during WW2, 140; resigns from MI6 (June 1944) 154–6; flat at 5 St James’s Street 187–8, 197, 231; ties to England loosen 188; Dictaphone for personal correspondence 197; closeness to brother Hugh 201, 323, 490–1, 493–4; collects licence-plate numbers 211–12; smoking of opium 223, 231, 246–7, 260, 261, 263; friendship with Chaplin 224–5, 290; refusals to be interviewed 225–6; lives at Albany, Piccadilly 231, 264, 289; affair with Jocelyn Rickards 232, 502; use of heroin 246; liaison with Mercia Ryhiner 247, 266, 476; smoking of marijuana 255; affair with Anita Björk 267–8, 277, 284–5, 295–6, 458; friendship with the Sutros 273–6, 350, 368; flat in Paris’s seventeenth arrondissement 289, 330, 342, 506; final break with Anita Björk 296; money worries in early 1960s 330–4; Thomas Roe swindle 330–4, 366–7, 370; as tax exile 330, 331–2, 368; impersonators of 343; honorary doctorate from Cambridge 344; becomes resident of France (1966) 368–9; named Companion of Honour (1966) 368; fortunes restored by The Comedians 370, 371; Antibes becomes permanent home 371; meetings with Castro 376–7, 378, 481–2; Jerusalem Prize for the Freedom of the Individual in Society (1981) 391; plays small part in Truffaut’s La Nuit américaine 415; domestic tasks 416; correspondence with Philby (from 1978) 424–6; wish to meet Philby (1970s/80s) 424–6, 488–9; at Panama treaty signing in Washington (1977) 447–9; war against the mafia in Nice 455, 472–6, 477; and hostages in El Salvador 462, 463, 465–9, 480–1; and FMLN in El Salvador 464, 483, 485; meetings with Philby (Moscow, 1986/87) 488, 489–90, 494–5; death of (3 April 1991) 507
Greene, Graham, VIEWS AND OPINIONS: anti-Americanism xii–xiii, xvi, 115, 349–50, 374, 382, 384, 393, 412, 478, 486; on Cold War
xii, xvi, 347, 348–50, 383–4, 493; pro-German in 1920s 27–9, 56; on colour prejudice 28; joins Oxford branch of Communist Party 29, 47, 224, 255; on Joyce’s Ulysses 29; on General Strike (May 1926) 46–7, 76; on atheism/unbelief 59–60, 210; hatred of income tax 76, 182, 330, 331–2, 368; joins ILP 76; anti-imperialist 85, 86, 236, 238–9; on primitivism 86, 94; on sexualization of children 102–3; on Munich Agreement 125; on expatriates in Africa 143; on Cambridge spy ring 153, 154, 156, 347, 349–50, 382, 383; interest in the left 158–9; party preference 164–5; on Czechoslovakia 181, 385–7, 488; on the English novel 198–9; on identity in philosophy 198–9; on McCarthyism 224–5; on domino theory 226; on partition in Vietnam 256; on Chinese Communist regime 285–7; on Castro’s Cuba 299, 351, 353, 374, 375, 377, 409, 411, 456, 466; on idea of an afterlife 322, 501–2, 506–7; on Algerian war 341–2; response to Philby’s defection 347, 349–50, 382, 383; art and political change 367, 378, 379, 393; on Soviet Union 383–5, 488, 492–3; on Israel 390–1; on war reporting 392; on Vietnam War 393; non-Marxist alternatives to capitalism 399; on liberation theology 401, 402; on faith, hope, and charity 416; on KGB 426–7; on mystics 433; preference for social democracy 450; on Sandinistas 456; on rebel movements 467; on Purgatory 501; theological views as conservative 503
Greene, Graham, WORKS: ‘Across the Bridge’ (short story) 166, 277; ‘Anthony Sant’ (rejected first novel) 34, 47, 301; ’An Appointment with the General’ (short story) 444; Babbling April (poems, 1925) 34, 40, 230; ‘The Basement Room’ (short story) 92, 162, 173–4, 301, 484; British Dramatists (non-fiction) 139; The Captain and the Enemy 301, 450, 452, 484–5, 486–7, 494, 498, 507; Carving a Statue (play, 1964) 304, 352, 361–2; ‘Cheap in August’ (short story) 325; ‘Church Militant’ (short story) 238; The Complaisant Lover (play, 1959) 270, 301, 303–5, 362; The Confidential Agent 125, 128–9, 306; ‘Dear Dr Falkenheim’ (short story, 1963) 280, 282; Doctor Fischer of Geneva or The Bomb Party (novella) 457–8, 459–61; ‘The Empty Chair’ (unfinished murder mystery, 1926) 35; ‘The End of the Party’ (short story) 58–9; England Made Me 8, 66, 73–5, 92, 104, 152; ‘The Episode’ (historical novel) 40, 47–8, 49; ‘Fanatic Arabia’ (unfinished) 104; ‘Under the Garden’ (short story) 329, 339; Getting to Know the General (non-fiction, 1984) 446, 473, 477, 483–4; The Great Jowett (radio play, 1939) 125; A Gun for Sale 41, 64, 92, 95–6, 104; The Honorary Consul (1973) 57, 117–18, 401, 405–8, 409, 421, 458; ‘I Do Not Believe’ (poem) 230; It’s a Battlefield (1934) 20, 57, 66, 70–1, 73, 107; J’Accuse (pamphlet, 1982) 472–3, 474–5, 476, 477; Journey Without Maps 82, 94, 96; ‘The Last Decade’ (autobiographical memoir, 1964) 395; The Last Word and Other Stories 498; The Lawless Roads 14, 112, 116, 117, 125; ‘The Leader’ (plan for novel, 1938) 104; The Little Fire Engine (with Glover) 162; The Little Train (with Glover) 126–7; The Living Room (play) 59, 162, 228–9, 266, 275, 370; Lord Rochester’s Monkey 59–60, 65, 174, 210; Loser Takes All (novella, 1955) 250–1, 261, 339; ‘Lucius’ (unfinished novel) 301, 484; The Man Within (1929) 48–9, 52, 53–6, 57, 61–2, 95, 106, 155, 301, 484; ‘May We Borrow Your Husband’ (short story, 1962) 326, 339–40; ‘Men at Work’ (short story, 1941) 132; The Ministry of Fear (1943) 8, 66, 146–8, 457; Monsignor Quixote (1982) xiv, 20, 58, 223, 239, 429–35, 444, 459, 482, 484; ‘My Worst Film’ (essay, 1987) 98; The Name of Action (1930) 57, 58; Nineteen Stories (short story collection, 1947) 104, 162, 173; The Old School (ed. volume of essays, 1934) 75; ‘The Other Side of the Border’ (short story) 104; The Potting Shed (play) 41, 138–9, 259, 270, 279, 281–3, 284; Reflections (prose collection, ed. Judith Adamson) 227, 498; Refugee Ship (non-fiction book) 65; The Return of A. J. Raffles (play) 422–3, 430; Rumour at Nightfall (1931) 57–8, 59, 62, 217; ‘Sad Cure’ (unpublished poetry collection) 40, 47; In Search of a Character: Two African Journals 338; The Spy’s Bedside Book (anthology, with Hugh Greene) 323; Stamboul Train (1932) 63–4, 65, 66–7, 83, 91, 397, 501; ‘The Stranger’s Hand’ (short story) 232–3; The Tenth Man (story/film script) 161–2, 165, 183; The Third Man (novella) 162, 183, 484; ‘Tick Tock’ (short story) 23–4; Travels with My Aunt (1969) 9, 168, 227, 394–5, 398, 401–3, 404, 407; Travels with My Aunt (1972) 419; ‘The Virtue of Disloyalty’ (lecture in Hamburg, 1969) 189, 456; ‘A Visit to Morin’ (short story, 1956) 280–1, 336; ‘On the Way Back’ (unfinished novel) 434, 443–4, 470, 477; Ways of Escape (memoir, 1980) 226–7, 282, 298, 408–9; For Whom the Bell Chimes (short play) 460; A World of My Own: A Dream Diary 20, 498, 506; Yes and No (short play) 460; Yours Etc: Letters to the Press 1945–89 (ed. Christopher Hawtree) 498; see also separate entries for: Brighton Rock (1938); A Burnt-Out Case (1961); The Comedians (1966); The End of the Affair (1951); The Heart of the Matter (1948); The Human Factor (1978); Our Man in Havana (1958); The Power and the Glory (1940); The Quiet American (1955); A Sort of Life (memoir, 1971)
Greene, Graham C. (nephew) 425, 463, 498–9
Greene, Herbert (brother) 5, 12, 13–14, 20, 74, 104, 111, 322; GG’s financial support for 288, 323; death of (1969) 323
Greene, Hugh (brother) 4, 10, 30, 73, 82, 127, 136, 205, 444–5; at BBC 5, 294–5, 323; Telegraph correspondent in Berlin 64–5, 78, 99; and psychological warfare in Malaya 200, 201, 203; closeness to GG 201, 323, 490–1, 493–4; ill health 490–1, 493–4; death of (1987) 494
Greene, James (nephew) 494
Greene, Katharine (cousin) 6
Greene, Marion (mother) 4–5, 10, 16, 17, 145, 322; lives in Crowborough 50, 106, 127, 322, 345, 413; and son Herbert 74, 322; GG’s financial support for 288, 322; death of (1959) 322
Greene, Maud (aunt) 5
Greene, Nora ‘Nono’ (aunt) 5, 322
Greene, Oliver (nephew) 32
Greene, Raymond (brother) 1, 5, 10, 13–14, 20, 46, 51, 195, 322; and GG’s health 18, 48, 50, 301–2; owns revolver 31, 32; sets standard for daring 80; death of (1982) 490
Greene, Reverend Carleton 4–5
Greene, Sarah (wife of Hugh) 494
Greene, Sir (William) Graham (uncle) 5–6, 18, 70, 83
Greene, Vivien (née Dayrell-Browning, wife): background of 37–8; Catholicism of 37, 38–9, 41–3, 44, 45, 49–50, 223; character of 37, 127; GG’s courtship of 38–9, 47, 49–50; marries GG (1927) 51; travel with GG 55, 56–7, 114–15, 171; lives in Chipping Campden 60–2, 66, 68–9; money problems in early 1930s 65–6; and GG’s use of prostitutes 68–9; pregnancy 68–9; lives in Oxford with GG 69–70; birth of daughter Lucy Caroline 75–6; antique furniture collection 91, 133–4; house at 14 Clapham Common North Side 91, 133–4; as world’s authority on doll’s houses 91, 170, 288; dinner with T. S. Eliot 95; birth of son Francis (1936) 96; deterioration of marriage 126, 127, 133, 148, 163; evacuated to Crowborough 127; in Oxford during WW2, 127, 148, 163; and Catherine Walston 169, 170–1; break-up of marriage 171–2, 195, 322; refuses annulment and divorce 171–2, 191–2; and The Heart of the Matter 175; and GG after marriage break-up 187, 264, 288, 295, 331, 344; lives at Grove House at Iffley Turn 187, 288
Greene, William (grandfather) 4
Greenwood, Walter 75
Grieg, Harald 62, 266
Grieg, Nordahl 61–2, 78, 266
Grierson, John 97
Griffin, Bernard (Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster) 248, 249
Gromyko, Andrei 351
Guaraní people 398–9, 402
Guatemala 118, 120, 405, 453–4
Guest, Eric 21
Guevara, Che 279, 353
Guinea Bissau 428
Guinness, Alec 231, 251, 302, 362, 374, 379
Guinness, Samuel 273
Guinness Peat Aviation (GPA) Prize 499–500
Gurkhas 201–2, 203, 204
Habeas (Márquez’s organisation) 463
Hafenrichter, Oswald 186
Haggard, Rider She 8, 420
Hague, William 240
Haig, Earl 20
Haiti: GG’s visits to 252–5, 278, 357–60; Duvalier’s tyranny/brutality 253, 354–60, 366, 378, 439; massacre in Dominican Republic (1937) 253, 364; pre-
1950s history of 253; Oloffson hotel (Port-au-Prince) 278, 358, 359, 370, 378; schools of art 278, 360; Duvalier’s takeover of 353–5; Benoit massacre (1963) 356–7; rebel bands in Dominican Republic 356, 357–8, 363, 364; Pap Doc’s response to The Comedians 373, 379–80
Hall, Richard 412
Hamilton, Willie 333
Hamish Hamilton Ltd 92–3
Hanoi 207, 208, 214, 242, 243, 244, 260, 261
Harbottle & Lewis (law firm) 330
Harley, George 88
Harper, Charles 48
Harris, Sir John 81–2, 83, 84
Harris, Tomás 152
Harrison, George 331
Harrison, Rex 247, 476
Harry Ransom Center (Austin, Texas) 39
Harston Hall, Cambridgeshire 5–6, 8, 12
Hart, Armando 295, 297–8, 375
Hart, Gary 483
Hart, Louis Albert ‘Boy’ 289
Hart-Davis, Rupert 66–7, 71, 75, 91
Hartley, L. P. 24, 75
Hartshorne, Charles 408
Harvey, Ian 298
Hastings, John (16th Earl of Huntingdon) 169, 285
Havana 255, 291–2, 352–3, 481–2
Havel, Václav 181, 386
Hawtree, Christopher 498
Haydon, Benjamin Robert 361
Hayward, John 60, 168, 174–5
Hazzard, Shirley xiii, 394, 476
The Heart of the Matter (1948) xiii, 139, 143, 144, 147, 148, 162; Scobie in xvi, 70, 144–5, 165, 175, 176, 177–8, 288, 306; and Catholicism 105, 176–8, 189, 191, 194, 229, 249; GG’s view of 165, 174, 190; as critical and popular success 175–6; theologians’ responses to 177–8, 189, 194, 249; failed stage version (1950) 192–3, 229
Heath, Edward 347
Heinemann 5, 41, 65, 92, 112, 130, 173, 199; rejects ‘The Episode’ 47–8; accepts The Man Within 53–4; rejects Rochester biography 60; and GG’s debt 66, 67; GG tries to leave (1933) 75; and Hilary Trench pseudonym 95; withdraws Journey Without Maps 96; and collected edition of novels 331, 339; GG leaves (1961) 338–9, 498; takeover of (1961) 338–9