Another view of Stalin

by Ludo Martens

  71. Stalin, The twenty-fourth anniversary of the October Revolution, The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Revolution, pp. 35--38.

  72. K. K. Rokossovsky, A Soldier's Duty (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1985), p. 87.

  73. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , p. 128.

  74. Jacobsen, op. cit. , pp. 119--120.

  75. Alan Clark, La Guerre a l'Est (Paris: Robert Laffont, 1966), p. 250.

  76. Arno Mayer, Why Did the Heavens Not Darken? The ``Final Solution'' in History (New York: Pantheon Books, 1988), p. 349.

  77. Clark, op. cit. , p. 251.

  78. Mayer, op. cit. , p. 251.

  79. Hitler parle a ses generaux (Paris: Albin Michel, 1964), pp. 39--40.

  80. Mayer, op. cit. , p. 281.

  81. Heinrich Himmler, Discours secrets (Paris: Gallimard, 1978), p. 191.

  82. Eremenko, pp. 153--154.

  83. Zhukov, op. cit. , p. 260.

  84. Elleinstein, op. cit. , p. 283.

  85. Himmler, op. cit. , p. 205.

  86. Ibid. , p. 187.

  87. Mayer, op. cit. , p. 234.

  88. Ibid. , p. 244.

  89. Ibid. , p. 106.

  90. Ibid. , p. 101.

  91. Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1941), pp. 450--451.

  92. Brzezinski, op. cit. , p. 27.

  93. Khrushchev, Secret Report, op. cit. , p. S36.

  94. Ibid. , p. S43.

  95. Ibid. , p. S13.

  96. Ibid. , p. S34.

  97. Elleinstein, op. cit. , pp. 284, 282.

  98. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , pp. 91--93.

  99. Ibid. , p. 449.

  100. Chtemenko, L'Etat-Major general sovietique en guerre (Moscow: Editions du Progres, 1976), vol. 2, p. 319.

  101. Zhukov, op. cit. , pp. 267--268.

  102. Khrushchev, Secret Report, op. cit. , p. S38.

  103. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , p. 99.

  104. Rokossovsky, op. cit. , pp. 118--119.

  105. Khrushchev, Secret Report, op. cit. , p. S40.

  106. Ibid. , p. S42.

  107. Ibid. , p. S41.

  108. Ibid. , p. S40.

  109. Elleinstein, op. cit. , p. 285.

  110. Zhukov, op. cit. , p. 281.

  111. Ibid. , p. 282.

  112. Chtemenko, op. cit. , p. 354.

  113. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , p. 451.

  114. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , p. 375.

  115. Zhukov, pp. 282--283.

  116. Vasilevsky, p. 285.

  117. Ibid. .

  118. Ibid. , p. 450.

  119. Ibid. , p. 159.

  120. Ibid. , p. 161.

  121. Zhukov, op. cit. , p. 283.

  122. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , p. 448.

  123. Zhukov, op. cit. , p. 283.

  124. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , p. 452.

  125. Ibid. , p. 451.

  126. Zhukov, op. cit. , p. 284.

  127. Khrushchev, Secret Report, pp. S42--S43.

  128. W. Averell Harriman and Elie Abel, Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin: 1941--1946 (New York: Random House, 1975), p. 536.

  129. Vasilevsky, op. cit. , pp. 449--450.

  130. Ibid. , p. 452.

  131. Ibid. , p. 447--448.

  132. Zhukov, op. cit. , p. 285.

  133. Ibid. , pp. 284--285.

  Chapter 10

  1. Staline, Discours 9 fevrier 1946, uvres (Editions NBE, 1975), vol. XIV, pp. 189--191.

  2. Ibid. , pp. 193--196.

  3. Maurice Dobb, Soviet Economic Development (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1966. 6th edition, p. 301.

  4. Ibid. , p. 313.

  5. Bettelheim, op. cit. , pp. 148, 151.

  6. Dobb, op. cit. , p. 316.

  7. Ibid.

  8. Staline, op. cit. , p. 198.

  9. E. H. Cookridge, op. cit. , pp. 127--128.

  10. Ibid. , p. 122.

  11. Ibid. , p. 125.

  12. Ibid. , p. 135.

  13. Ibid. , pp. 144--145.

  14. Mark Aarons and John Loftus, Ratlines: How the Vatican's Nazi networks betrayed Western intelligence to the Soviets (London: Heinemann, 1991), pp. 269--270.

  15. Margaret Truman, Harry S. Truman (New York: William Morrow & Company, 1973), p. 273.

  16. Ibid. , pp. 275--276.

  17. G. Zhukov, Reminiscences and Reflections (Moscow: Progress, 1985), vol. 2, p. 449.

  18. Harry S. Truman, Memoirs (New York: Signet Book, 1965), vol. 1, p. 462.

  19. Gabriel Kolko, The Politics of War: The World and United States Foreign Policy 1943--1945 (New York: Pantheon, 1990), p. 559.

  20. Ibid. , p. 560.

  21. Truman, Ibid. , p. 466.

  22. Deborine, op. cit. , p. 265.

  23. Truman, op. cit. , vol. 2, p. 128--129.

  24. Ibid. , p. 124.

  25. Ibid. , p. 314.

  26. Adolph Hitler, Hitler parle a ses generaux (Paris: Editions Albin Michel, 1964), pp. 279, 264, 283.

  27. K. K. Rokossovsky, op. cit. , pp. 254--263.

  28. Staline, op. cit. , p. 376.

  29. L'armee sovietique liberatrice dans la Seconde Guerre mondiale (Moscow: Editions du Progres, 1977). p.309.

  30. Kolko, op. cit. , p. 188.

  31. Andre Jdanov, Rapport d'Andre Jdanov sur la situation internationale (Paris: Imprimerie Marechal, 1947), pp. 5-7, 14, 21, 7, 26.

  32. Malenkov, Le XXXII anniversaire de la grande revolution socialiste d'Octobre (Moscow: Editions en langues etrangeres, 1950), p. 23.

  33. `Manifeste aux peuples', Revue mondiale de la Paix (Paris), Nov. 1950, 21:121--122.

  34. James Klugmann, From Trotsky to Tito (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1951), p. 13.

  35. Ibid. , p. 22.

  36. Ibid. , p. 9.

  37. Ibid. , p. 11.

  38. Ibid. , p. 43.

  39. Ibid. , p. 143.

  40. Rapport: Le PCY dans la lutte pour la Yougoslavie nouvelle (Belgrade, 1948), pp. 94, 25.

  41. Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 129.

  42. `Directives du CC', in Questions actuelles du socialisme (Paris: Agence Yougoslave d'Information, Jan.-Feb. 1952), 10:160, 161, 145.

  43. Ibid. , p. 85.

  44. Ibid. , Oct.-Nov. 1952, 14:2, 5, 18, 35--36, 30, 37, 44, 47.

  45. Ibid. , p. 44.

  46. The Times, 27 December 1950. In Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 111.

  47. New York Herald Tribune, 26 June 1951. In Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 98.

  48. Daily Mail, 31 August 1951. In Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 150.

  49. Business Week, 12 April 1950. In Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 175.

  50. Daily Telegraph, 12 December 1949. In Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 191.

  51. The Times, 13 September 1949. In Klugmann, op. cit. , p. 194.

  52. Stalin, Marxism and the National and Colonial Question (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1936), p. 168.

  53. Ibid. , p. 153.

  54. Ibid. , p. 300, n. 43.

  55. Ibid. , pp. 79--80.

  56. Ibid. , p. 178.

  57. Ibid. , pp. 262--263.

  58. Ibid. , pp. 267--268.

  59. Alexander Uralov (Abdurakhman Avtorkhanov), op. cit. , p. 8.

  60. Ibid. , pp. 38, 41.

  61. Ibid. , p. 79.

  62. Ibid. , p. 169.

  63. Ibid. , p. 123.

  64. Ibid. , pp. 144--145.

  65. Ibid. , p. 158.

  66. Ibid. , p. 237.

  67. Ibid. , p. 240.

  68. Ibid. , p. 242.

  69. Ibid. , p. 245.

  70. Tokaev, op. cit. , pp. 354--355.

  71. Ibid. , pp. 358-359.

  72. La Libre Belgique, 4 March 1949, p. 1; 6 March 1949, p. 1.

  73. G. Malenkov, Report to the Nineteenth Party Congress on the Work of the Central Committee of the C.P.S.U.(B.) (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1952), p. 126.

  74. Stalin, Leninism: Selected Writings (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1975), pp. 468--469.

  75. Mao Tse-tung and Lin Pao, Post-Revolutionary Writings (Garden City,
N.Y.: Anchor Books, 1972), p. 429.

  76. Bill Bland, `The ``Doctors' case'' and the death of Stalin' (London: The Stalin Society, October 1991), Report.

  77. Thaddeus Wittlin, Commissar: The Life and Death of Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria (New York: Macmillan, 1972), p. 354.

  78. Ibid. , pp. 363--365.

  79. Tokaev, op. cit. , p. 7.

  80. Ibid. , p. 101.

  81. Nikita Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers (London: Andre Deutsch, 1971), p. 313.

  82. Ibid. , p. 311.

  83. Ibid. , p. 250.

  84. Chueva, op. cit. , p. 327.

  85. Ibid. , p. 335.

  86. Ibid. , p. 323.

  87. Ibid. , p. 311.

  88. Ibid. , p. 246.

  89. Enver Hoxha, With Stalin: Memoirs (Toronto: Norman Bethune Institute, 1980), p. 31.

  90. Malenkov, op. cit. , pp. 108--109.

  91. Khrushchev, Special Report, op. cit. , p. S17.

  92. Ibid. , p. S15.

  93. Malenkov, op. cit. , pp. 113--116.

  94. Ibid. , pp. 119--121.

  95. Khrushchev, `Central Committee Report', The Documentary Record of the 20th Communist Party Congress and its Aftermath (New York: Frederick A. Praeger), p. 58.

  96. Khrushchev, `Secret Report', op. cit. , pp. S14--S15.

  97. Malenkov, op. cit. , p. 76.

  98. Ibid. , p. 124.

  99. Ibid. , p. 122.

  100. Ibid. , pp. 125--126.

  101. Ibid. , pp. 126--127.

  102. Ibid. , p. 128.

  103. Ibid. , p. 127.

  104. Khrushchev, `Central Committee Report', op. cit. , p. 57.

  105. Khrushchev, `Secret Report', op. cit. , p. S63.

  106. Ibid. , p. S49.

  107. Stalin, `Economic Problems of Socialism in the U.S.S.R.', The Documentary Record of the 19th Communist Party Congress and the Reorganization After Stalin's Death (New York: Frederick A. Praeger), p. 5.

  108. Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, op. cit. , p.`251.

  109. S. Alliluyeva, p. 215; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 4.

  110. Pravda, 13 January 1953, p. 4; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 18.

  111. J. Ducoli, `The Georgian Purges (1951--1953)', Caucasian Review, vol. 6, pp. 55, 1958; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 11--13.

  112. A. Mgdelaze, Report to Congress of Georgian Communist Party, Sept. 1952; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 24.

  113. P. Deriabin, Watchdogs of Terror: Russian Bodyguards from the Tsars to the Commissars (1984), p. 321; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 24.

  114. Deriabin, op. cit. , p. 209; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 27.

  115. Deriabin, op. cit. , p. 300.

  116. J. Lewis and P. Whitehead, Stalin: A Time for Judgment (London, 1990), p. 279; cited in Bland, op. cit. , p. 34.

  117. Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, op. cit. , p. 324.

  118. Ibid. , p. 331.

  119. Wittlin, op. cit. , p. 388.

  120. Bland, op. cit. , p. 46.

  121. Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, op. cit. , p. 337.

  122. Bland, op. cit. , pp. 55--57.

  123. Ibid. , pp. 67--70.

  124. Ibid. , p. 73.

  125. Sergei Khrushchev, Khrushchev on Khrushchev: An Inside Account of the Man and His Era (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1990), p. 8.

  126. Ibid. , p. 13.

  127. Solzhenitsyn, Le chene et le veau; cited in Branko Lazitch, Le rapport Khrouchtchev et son histoire (Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1976), p. 77.

  128. Chueva, op. cit. , p. 350.

  129. R. A. Medvedev and Zh. .A. Medvedev, op. cit. , p. 4.

  130. A. I. Mikoyan, Discussion of Khrushchev--Moskatov Reports, 20th Communist Party Congress, op. cit. , p. 80.

  131. Kozlov, `Report on the Party Statutes', The Documentary Record of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (New York: Columbia University Press, 1962), p. 206.

  132. Khrushchev, `Central Committee Report', op. cit. , pp. 29, 35, 30, 38.

  133. Khrushchev, `Concluding Remarks' 22nd Congress, op. cit. , p. 198.

  134. Khrushchev, `The Party Program', 22nd Congress, op. cit. , p. 15.

  135. Commission of the Central Committee of the C.P.S.U. (B.), editor. History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Short Course (Toronto: Francis White Publishers, 1939), p. 360.

  136. Mao Tse-Tung, `Stalin, Friend of the Chinese People', Works, vol. 2, p. 335.