Priscilla

by Nicholas Shakespeare

  PART THREE

  Based on conversations with Eric Daviatte, Colonel Jean-Michel Fouquet, James Fox, Yvette Goodden, Christophe Lafaye, Patrick Langlade, Rita Harding, Shula Troman.

  Unpublished sources: PT; GS; SPB; BBC; IWM: Jacqueline Powell (Sound ref. 8854/5); memoirs of M. Bayliss (96/49/1), Sister Patricia McGauley (99/82/1); James Fox; Caserne Vauban archive, Besançon; archives of the 19th Régiment du Génie, Besançon; ‘More Reminiscences of Frontstalag 142’, by Yvette Goodden; Stella Gumuchian Collection of drawings.

  Newspapers: Hansard, L’Est Républicain, Telegraph magazine.

  Films: Two Thousand Women (1944), dir. Frank Launder.

  Books and articles: Nor Iron Bars a Cage, by W. H. Aston (Macmillan, 1946); La Seconde Guerre mondiale en Franche-Comté Besançon, by Colonel Robert Dutriez, (Cêtre, 1984); Fantastic Interlude, by Claire Fauteux (Vantage Press, 1961); Food Facts for the Kitchen Front (Collins, 1941); Dream Weaver, by Elisabeth Furse and Ann Barr (Chapmans, 1993); Little Resistance: a Teenage English girl’s Adventures in Occupied France, by Antonia Hunt (Leo Cooper, 1982); Curfew in Paris, a Record of the German Occupation, by Ninette Jucker (Hogarth Press, 1960); Frontstalag 142: the Internment Diary of an English Lady, by Katherine Lack (Amberley, 2010); Continental Coach Tour Holiday, by S. P. B. Mais and Gillian Mais (Alvin Redman, 1960); Nineteen Eighty-Four, by George Orwell (Secker & Warburg, 1949); Frontstalag 142: Rosie’s War: an Englishwoman’s Escape from Occupied France, by Rosemary Say & Noel Holland (Michael O’Mara, 2011); The House Near Paris, by Drue Tartière with M. R. Werner (Victor Gollancz, 1947); Divided Loyalties: a Scotswoman in Occupied France, by Janet Teissier du Cros (Hamish Hamilton, 1962); The Bonfire of the Vanities, by Tom Wolfe (Cape, 1988); Red Princess: a Revolutionary Life, by Sofka Zinovieff (Granta, 2007).

  PART FOUR

  Based on conversations with Elisabeth Barillé, Antony Beevor, Martine Brunelle, Carmen Callil, Robert Girardi, Yvette Goodden, Rita Harding, Joseph Carer, Jacqueline Hodey, Gisèle Levrat, Rüdiger von Maltzahn, Jean-Paul Pitou, Gitta Sereny, Ariel Tiberghien, Arnaud Tiberghien, Didier Tiberghien, Gael Tiberghien, Jean-Loup Tiberghien, Quentin Tiberghien, Pierre-Yves Tiberghien, Shula Troman, Vivien Van Dam, Michaël Yannaghas.

  Unpublished sources: PT; GS; SPB; BBC; NARA (Safehaven Reports 148, 229; m-1782); NA (FO 371/28277-85; FO 916/141; FO 916/2594; FO 369/2960; FO 916/352; FO 916/627; FO 916/635); MPP (77w359-162191; 77w1927-305315; 77w1074-9340252); ANF (aj40-930); Cabinet of the Prince’s Palace, Monaco; Envolés, private memoir by Alain Tiberghien; Yvette Goodden, diary; ‘Memories of Vichy: The Papon Trial’, BA dissertation by John Warlow.

  Newspapers: Telegraph magazine; L’Ouest Éclair.

  Films: Interview with Vincent Malle about Lacombe, Lucien (1974), dir. Louis Malle, on DVD of Louis Malle Collection Vol.2 (2006); The Raven (1943), dir. Henri-Georges Clouzot.

  Books and articles: Nazi Looting: the Plunder of Dutch Jewry During the Second World War, by Gerard Aalders (Berg, 2004); More Memoirs of an Aesthete, by Harold Acton (Hamish Hamilton, 1986); An American Heroine in the French Resistance: the Diary and Memoir of Virginia d’Albert-Lake, ed. Judy Barrett Litoff (Fordham University Press, 2006); Nazi Plunder: Great Treasure Stories of World War II, by Kenneth D. Alford (Cambridge, 2001); Histoire de l’épuration, by Raymond Aron (Fayard, 1969–75); Outwitting the Gestapo, by Lucie Aubrac, tr. Konrad Bieber (Lincoln, 1993); Tu trahiras sans vergogne, histoire de deux collabos, Bonny et Lafont, by Philippe Aziz (Fayard, 1969); The Phantom Conspiracy, by Michael Bar-Zohar (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981); The Letters of Sylvia Beach, ed. Keri Walsh (Colombia, 2010); The Letters of Samuel Beckett, 1941–56, ed. by George Craig, Martha Dow Fehsenfeld, Dan Gunn & Lois More Overbeck (Cambridge, 2012); The Second World War, by Antony Beevor (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2012); D-day: the Battle for Normandy, by Antony Beevor (Viking, 2009); Paris after the Liberation, by Antony Beevor and Artemis Cooper (Hamish Hamilton, 1994); Les policiers français sous l’Occupation: d’après les archives inédites de l’épuration, by Jean-Marc Berlière (Perrin, 2001); Journal: Hélène Berr, tr. David Bellos (MacLehose, 2008); Colonel Henri’s story: the War Memoirs of Hugo Bleicher, former German Secret Agent, by Hugo Ernst Bleicher (W. Kimber, 1954); L’étrange Monsieur Joseph, by Alphonse Boudard (Laffont, 1998); 1940–45 années érotiques: Vichy ou les infortunes de la vertu, by Patrick Buisson (Albin Michel, 2008); Bad Faith: a Forgotten History of Family and Fatherland, by Carmen Callil (Cape, 2006); Invasion – They’re Coming! The German Account of the Allied Landings and the 80 Days Battle for France, by Paul Carell (Harrap, 1962); The Song Before it is Sung, by Justin Cartwright (Bloomsbury, 2007); Chanel: an Intimate Life, by Lisa Chaney (Fig Tree, 2011); The Resistance: the French Fight Against the Nazis, by Matthew Cobb (Simon & Schuster, 2009); Is Paris Burning? by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre (Victor Gollancz, 1965); Joseph Kessel ou sur la piste du lion, by Yves Courrière (Plon, 2003); Bolter’s Grand-Daughter, by Angela Culme Seymour (Writersworld, 2003); Hidden Faces, by Salvador Dali (Peter Owen, 1973); The French against the French: Collaboration and Resistance, by Milton Dank (Cassell, 1978); A Square of Sky: Memoirs of a Wartime Childhood, by Janina David (Eland, 1992); ‘Le Musée 39–45 “Message Verlaine” ou la guerre des ondes a bien eu lieu à Tourcoing,’ by Francis Delannoy and Gaston Delau (De Raton Six, 7/4/1992); Trafics et crimes sous l’Occupation, by Jacques Delarue (Fayard, 1968); The Gestapo: a History of Horror, by Jacques Delarue, tr. Mervun Savill (Frontline, 2008); Women and the Second World War in France, 1939–48: Choices and Constraints, by Hanna Diamond (Longman, 1999), Wartime Notebooks, by Marguerite Duras, tr. Linda Coverdale (MacLehose, 2008); Les Comptesses de la Gestapo, by Cyril Eder (Grasset, 2006); Monuments Men: Allied heroes, Nazi thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History, by Robert M. Edsel (Preface, 2009); The Love Charm of Bombs: restless lives in the Second World War, by Laura Feigel (Bloomsbury, 2013); The Lost Museum, by Hector Feliciano (BasicBooks, 1997); We Will Wait: Wives of French Prisoners of War, 1940–45, by Sarah Fishman (Yale, 1992); Sylvia Beach And The Lost Generation: A History of Literary Paris in the Twenties and Thirties, by Noel Fitch (Souvenir Press, 1983); Noah’s Ark, by Marie-Madeleine Fourcade (Dutton and Co., New York, 1974); Surrender on Demand, by Varian Fry (Atlantic, 1999); Journal, 1940–1950, by Jean Galtier-Boissière (Quai Voltaire, 1992); Journals: 1889–1949, by André Gide (Penguin, 1967); Marianne in Chains: Daily Life in the Heart of France during the German Occupation, by Robert Gildea (Macmillan, 2002); The Demons Tormenting Untersturmführer Hans Otto Graebner, by Robert Girardi (Delta, 1999); Americans in Paris, by Charles Glass (Harper Press, 2009); Deserter: the Last Untold Story of the Second World War, by Charles Glass (Harper Press, 2013); L’affaire Joinovici: collaborateur, résistant, et bouc émissaire, by André Goldschmidt (Privat, 2002); Collaborationism in France During the Second World War, by B. Gordon (Cornell, 1980); The Lost Masters: the Looting of Europe’s Treasure Houses, by Peter Harclerode (Orion, 1999); England’s Last War against France, by Colin Harris (Orion, 2010); All Hell Let Loose: The World at War 1939–45, by Max Hastings (Harper Press, 2011); The Philosopher of Auschwitz: Jean Améry and Living with the Holocaust, by Irène Heidelberger-Leonard tr. Anthea Bell (I. B. Tauris, 2010); La Bande Bonny-Lafont, by Serge Jacquemard (Fleuve Noir, 1992); Palace of Sweet Sin, by Fabienne Jamet (W. H. Allen, 1977); Carousel, by J. Robert Janes (Constable, 1992); Occupied France : Collaboration and Resistance, 1940–1944, by H. R. Kedward (Blackwell, 1985); The Liberation of France: Image and Event, ed. H. R. Kedward and Nancy Wood (Berg, 1995); Army of Shadows, by Joseph Kessel (Cresset, 1944); Koestler, by Marke Levene (Wolff, 1984); Return to Malaya, by Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart (Putnam, 1936); The Man Who Made Vermeers, by Jonathan Lopez (Mariner, 2009); The Fall of Paris June 1940, by Herbert R. Lottman (Harper Collins, 1992); The People’s Anger: Justice and Revenge in Post-Liberation France, by Herbert R. Lottman (Hutchinson, 1986); The White Rabbit, from the Story as Told to Him by Wing Commander F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas G.C. M.C., by Bruce Marshall (Evan
s, 1952); A Question of Loyalties, by Allan Massie (Hutchinson, 1989); Looted Treasure: Germany’s Raid on Art, by George Mihan (Alliance Press, 1944); The Desert Fox in Normandy: Rommel’s Defense of Fortress Europe, by Samuel W. Mitcham Jr (Cooper Square Press, 2001); Nazi Paris: the History of an Occupation, 1940–1944, by Allan Mitchell (Berghahn Books, 2008); The Devil’s Captain: Ernst Jünger in Nazi Paris, 1941–1944, by Allan Mitchell (Berghahn Books, 2011); Ernst Jünger and Germany: into the Abyss, 1914–1945, by Thomas R. Nevin (Duke University Press, 1996); The Rape of Europa: the Fate of Europe’s Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second World War, by Lynn H. Nicholas (Macmillan, 1994); Goering: Hitler’s Iron Knight, by Richard Overy (I. B. Tauris, 2012); Double Agent: Mathilde Carré, by Lauran Paine (Hale, 1986); Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order, 1940–1944, by Robert Paxton (Barrie & Jenkins, 1972); Paris Under the Occupation, by Gilles Perrault and Pierre Azema (Vendome, 1989); Götz von Berlichingen, by Jean-Claude Perrigault and Rolf Meister (Heimdal, 2004); The Faustian Bargain: the Art World in Nazi Germany, by Jonathan Petropoulos (Oxford, 2000); Paris in the Third Reich: a History of the German Occupation, 1940–1944, by David Pryce-Jones (Harper Collins, 1981); La police de Vichy: les forces de l’ordre françaises au service de la Gestapo, 1940–1944, by Maurice Rajsfus (Cherche-Midi, 1995); The Longest Day, by Cornelius Ryan (Coronet, 1959); Koestler: the Indispensable Intellectual, by Michael Scammell (Faber, 2011); The Price of Glory, by Henriette von Schirach (Muller, 1960); The German Trauma: Experiences and Reflections 1938–2001, by Gitta Sereny (Penguin, 2000); Repatriation of Art from the Collecting Point in Munich after World War II : Background and Beginnings with Reference especially to the Netherlands, by Craig Hugh Smyth (Maarssen, 1988); The Shameful Peace: how French Artists and Intellectuals Survived the Nazi Occupation, by Frederic Spotts (Yale, 2008); While Berlin burns: the Diary of Hans-Georg von Studnitz, 1943–1945 (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1964); Villa Air-Bel: World War II, Escape, and a House in Marseille, by Rosemary Sullivan (Harper, 2007); Reclaimed: Paintings from the Collection of Jacques Goudstikker, by Peter C. Sutton (Yale, 2008); Choices in Vichy France: the French under Nazi Occupation, by John F. Sweets (Oxford, 1986); Le front de l’art: défense des collections françaises, 1939–1945, by Rose Valland (Plon, 1961); The Silence of the Sea, by Vercors (Berg, 1991); The Battle of Silence, by Vercors (Collins, 1968); The Unfree French: Life under the Occupation, by Richard Vinen (Allen Lane, 2006); Paris under the Occupation, by Gérard Walter (Orion, 1960); The Last Days of Paris: a Journalist’s Diary, by Alexander Werth (Hamish Hamilton, 1940); Not That Sort of Girl, by Mary Wesley (Macmillan, 1987); Battle for Saint-Lô, by Peter Yates (Sutton, 2004).

  PART FIVE

  Based on conversations with Brian Aldiss, Karen Andrews, John Bevington, Maria Corelli, Serge Doubrovsky, Annette Howard, Tracey Maitland, Priscilla Pessey, Timothy Radcliffe OP, Lalage and John Shakespeare, Michael Sheringham, Jon Stallworthy, Carleton Thompson, Ariel Tiberghien, Arnaud Tiberghien, Gael Tiberghien, Pierre-Yves Tiberghien, Quentin Tiberghien, Sheila Troman, Vivien Van Dam, Peter Waugh.

  Unpublished sources: PT; GS; SPB (S. P. B. Mais memoir, All Change; Gillian Mais memoir, Never Look Back); HGA (Alec Waugh papers, Box 42, SPB to Arthur Waugh, 30 January 1917; Box 34: SPB to Alec Waugh, 18 October 1917; 20 May 1965; 1 June 1965; 20 August 1965; Jill Mais to Alec Waugh, 4 June 1975); Sherborne College archive; Alexander Waugh papers.

  Newspapers: Telegraph magazine; Mushroom Growers’ Newsletter

  Books and articles: Demobbed: Coming Home after the Second World War, by Alan Allport (Yale, 2009); Mr Chips: the life of Robert Donat, by Kenneth Barrow (Methuen, 1985); In Love and War: A Letter to My Parents, by Maria Corelli (Short Books, 2001); An Introductory History of British broadcasting, by Andrew Crisell (Routledge, 1997); Laissé pour conte, by Serge Doubrovsky (Grasset, 1999); The Honeyed Peace, by Martha Gellhorn (Doubleday, 1953); Prince Rainier of Monaco: his Authorised and Exclusive Story, by Peter Hawkins (Kimber, 1966); by S. P. B. Mais: I Return to Scotland (Christopher Johnson 1947); It isn’t Far from London (Richards, 1930); The Riviera: New Look & Old (Christopher Johnson, 1949); Austrian Holiday (Alvin Redman, 1952); Literature or Life, by Jorge Semprún (Viking, 1997); Once Upon a Time: the Story of Princess Grace, Prince Rainier and Their Family, by J. Randy Taraborrelli (Sidgwick & Jackson, 2003); Robert Donat: a Biography, by J. C. Trewin, (Heinemann, 1968); Island in the Sun, by Alec Waugh (Farrar, Straus & Cudahy 1955); The Early Years of Alec Waugh, by Alec Waugh (Cassell, 1962); The Best Wine Last: An Autobiography Through the Years, 1932–1969, by Alec Waugh (Allen, 1978); Fathers and Sons, by Alexander Waugh (Headline, 2004); Borges: a Life, by Edwin Williamson (Viking, 2004).

  A note on names: My grandmother was known to us as Jill or Gillian, but to avoid confusion with Gillian Sutro I have called her Winnie, the name by which she was christened. Out of consideration for their relatives still living, I have changed the names of two further characters.

  PICTURE CREDITS

  TM = Tracey Maitland

  PC = Peter Cawthra

  GS = Gillian Sutro papers, Special Collections Department, Bodleian Library, Oxford

  MPP = Musée de la Préfecture de Police archives, Paris

  NARA = National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC

  NS = author

  SG/JF = Stella Gumuchian collection, courtesy of James Fox archive

  Cover [TM]

  Endpapers – Boisgrimot Avenue [Jacqueline Hodey]

  p. viii Frontispiece – Pris in Occupied France [TM]

  PART ONE

  p.10 Pris portrait by Vertés 1939 [TM]

  p.14 Pris obituary 1982 [Chichester Observer]

  p.16 Pris & Hermès handbag [TM]

  p.20 Pris & cup 1940 [TM]

  p.23 Padded chest [NS]

  p.25 Swimmer & eel 1940 [TM]

  p.28 Box of documents [NS]

  PART TWO

  p.34 Doris Mais 1919 [PC]

  p.39 Doris & Mrs Snow [TM]

  p.42 Pris & Vivien on Brighton beach [PC]

  p.47 Gillian Sutro [TM]

  p.51 Boo Wyndham-Lewis [PC]

  p.52 Boo with face scratched [TM]

  p.53 Pris’s scrapbook [TM]

  p.55 Gillian & Pris 1932 [GS]

  p.57 Pris & Doris [PC]

  p.59 SPB & Pris on Brighton beach [PC]

  p.63 Pris, Doris & Vivien in Paris 1932 [PC]

  p.70 Pris pregnant 1937 [TM]

  p.76 Pris passport photo 1937 [TM]

  p.76 Robert Doynel passport photo 1937 [TM]

  p.93 Boisgrimot [Jean-Paul Pitou]

  p.95 Monsieur Carer’s buggy [NS]

  p.97 Boisgrimot Avenue [Jacqueline Hodey]

  p.113 Pris wedding day 1938 [TM]

  p.114 Pris & Robert wedding 1938 [TM]

  p.121 Marcel Vertès [GS]

  p.127 Zoë Temblaire [TM]

  p.137 Pris milking cow 1940 [TM]

  p.139 Ted 1940 [TM]

  p.140 Daniel Vernier 1940 [TM]

  p.166 Gillian & John Sutro wedding 1940 [TM]

  PART THREE

  p.183 SPB book [NS]

  p.186 Lavabos [SG/JF]

  p.187 Batiment C [SG/JF]

  p.189 B.71? [NS]

  PART FOUR

  p.217 Gillian’s red notebook [NS, GS]

  p.218 Pris & Daniel 1941 [TM]

  p.221 Signing in [NS, Caserne Vauban archive]

  p.232 Emile Cornet 1942 [TM]

  p.238 Pris’s police folder 1942 [NS, MPP]

  p.242 Le Meur’s report 1942 [NS, MPP]

  p.246 Priscilla with Emile’s associate [TM]

  p.248 Max Stocklin [NS, MPP]

  p.255 Pris in fur coat 1941/2 [TM]

  p.263 Pris in La Roque Gageac 1942 [TM]

  p.278 Gillian [TM]

  p.283 Otto Graebener 1943 [TM]

  p.298 Alois Miedl [NARA]

  p.307 Otto in spats [TM]

  p.314 Callipyge [NS, Arnaud Tiberghien]

  p.320 8 Avenue de la Marne [A
rnaud Tiberghien]

  p.326 Pris in barn 1944 [TM]

  p.341 Harold Acton [GS]

  PART FIVE

  p.349 Robert Donat [TM]

  p.352 Donat letter [TM]

  p.357 Gillian notebook [NS, GS]

  p.358 Pris in Morocco 1948 [TM]

  p.361 Pris & Gillian in Saint-Maxime 1947 [GS]

  p.363 Pris & Raymond wedding 1948 [TM]

  p.369 Pris’s Vogue audition 1945 [TM]

  p.374 Rejection letters 1944–1957 [NS, TM]

  p.384 Pris, Vivien & Winnie [PC]

  p.394 Robert in trilby [Zizi Carer]

  p.395 Boisgrimot gutted 1944 [Jacqueline Hodey]

  p.397 Author’s father in Paris 2011 [NS]

  p.407 Pris back in England 1944 [GS]

  CREDITS

  Cover design by Andrea Cardenas

  Cover background art © Nicholas Belton / Getty Images

  COPYRIGHT

  PRISCILLA. Copyright © 2013 by Nicholas Shakespeare. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse-engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.

  This book is a work of nonfiction based on the recollections and research of the author. In some limited cases the names of people may have been changed to protect the privacy of others. The author has stated to the original publishers that, except in such minor respects not affecting the substantial accuracy of the work, the contents of this book are true.