Corinne (de Staël) 161
Cornelis 86–9, 109
Cornelius, Major H.C. 134, 166
Couperus, Abraham 42
Couperus, Jacob Thomas Raffles 138
Couperus, Piet 138
Cranssen, Jacob Willem 97, 116, 145, 149, 166, 180
Crawford, Captain J.G.F. 212–13, 214, 220
Crawfurd, John 31
History of the Indian Archipelago 233–4
The History of Java 167
Prambanan and Borobudur papers 192, 193
on Raffles 111
Singapore 246, 252, 259, 264, 265, 266, 267, 272, 292
Yogyakarta 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 113
Cross, Edward 6
Cross, James 295
Crossley, Lieutenant 221
Cuming, Richard and Henry 6
Currie, Caroline 139
Curtis, Samuel 6
Curzon, Lord 59
D
Daendels, General Herman Willem 72, 95, 96, 113, 115, 116, 307
appointment 62
Harmonie Club 123
replacement 85
Yogyakarta 107
Daniell, William 188, 193, 194
Dart, Joseph 207, 241, 293
Darwin, Erasmus 122
Davis, Captain 251
Davy, Sir Humphry 160–2, 285, 286
de Staël, Madame 161, 306
de Staël, Adele 306
de Vismes, Gerard 290, 307
de Wilde, Andries 117
Dempster, George 19, 20, 21
Dempster, Captain John Hamilton (Jack) 18, 19, 20–1, 27
Deshima 137
Devenish, Olivia Mariamne see Raffles, Olivia
Devil’s Betel Box 201–3
Diard, Pierre 304
Dick (Papuan boy) 149, 155, 162, 191, 234
Dickens, Charles 5
Dickens, John 49
‘Dirge of the Departed Year’ (Leyden) 34–5
Don Juan (Byron) 18, 182
Douglas, Captain 50
Drake, Mrs J.H. 308
Drury, Rear-Admiral William O’Brien 57, 76, 79
Dundas, Charlotta 21
Dundas, Henry 27
Dundas, Margaret 27, 28, 43
Dundas, Philip 20–1, 25, 31, 36, 37, 38, 39, 42–3, 44
Dutch
Acheen 223–4
Bali 143
East Indies xii, 209, 210, 279, 283
Japan 137
Java xiii, 61, 62
Batavian Society of Arts and Science 121
British takeover 71–2, 87, 93, 97
Eurasian wives 140
Freemasonry 130
Harmonie Club 123
land sales 132
land tenure 110, 111, 114
local rulers 103
and Raffles 138, 168, 179, 180
regained 147, 168, 269
Malacca 42, 46, 48, 82–3
Moluccas 59
Padang 207
Palembang 99, 205, 207–8
Rhio 215
Singapore 218, 220, 221–3, 234, 255, 279
Dutch East India Company 8
E
Earl Talbot (ship) 20–1
earthquakes 197, 198
East India Company xii, 8–12, 15, 27, 311–12
Auber 172–3
Bencoolen 183–4, 197, 198, 199, 207, 208–9
Canning dinner 183
East Indies xiv–xv, 209–10, 228–9
Fame fire 276, 281, 282
Farquhar’s Memorial 291–2
Gillespie 90
Gillespie’s charges 131–4, 145–6, 154, 171–2
Japan 136–8
Java 90, 106, 109, 112–13, 144–5
and local rulers 65–6
Malacca 16, 42–3, 44, 53–5
Minto 59, 61–2
missionaries 242–4
Moluccas 59
museum 187
Penang 16, 48–9, 51–2, 57–8
Raffles 183–4
administration 40
advancement 16–17
enters Company 7–8
Malacca report 54, 55
personal finances 272, 281–2, 289, 292–4, 298
resignation 240
Scots xvi
ships 12–13
Singapore 2, 222–3, 235, 242–3, 251
widows 22
East India Vade-Mecum (Williamson) 17, 25–6
East Indies xi, xii–xiii, xvii, 209–11
Dutch 209, 210, 279, 283
East India Company xiv–xv, 209–10, 228–9
Edgeworth, Maria 4
Edinburgh Review, The 167, 299
El-Enany, Rasheed 107
elephants 137
Elgin Marbles 188
Elliot, Captain George
Hussar 127
Malacca 81
Minto portrait 126
Modeste 60, 78, 82, 85
Palembang 100
and Raffles 60, 77
Raffles and Gillespie 124–5, 126
Samarang 101
Elliot, John 60, 78, 127
Elliot, William 60
Ellis, Henry 187
Endeavour (ship) 157
Engelhard, Nicholas 97, 101, 117, 130, 134, 145
Enterprise (schooner) 216
Enterprise (steam vessel) 288
Erskine, Mr 50
Erskine, William 91
Etherington, Mariamne 17
F
Falck, Anton 180
Fame (ship) 269, 270–1, 272
fire xiv, 273–7, 280, 281, 282, 293
Fancourt, Joseph Cassivelaun 19, 20
Fancourt, Olivia Mariamne see Raffles, olivia
Farquhar, Andrew 244
Farquhar, Lieutenant-Colonel William
Java 72–3
Malacca 42, 43, 47–8, 52–4, 55, 80, 82
Memorial 291–2
natural history collection 304, 305
retirement and death 302–4
St Helena 278
Singapore
administration 226, 231–2, 237
arrival 1, 2, 217, 218, 220
bungalow 221
departure for 216
and Flint 244
local rulers 222–3
plans 210, 211, 212, 214, 215
and Raffles 245, 246–7, 254–5, 259–66, 268, 278
Singapore Institution 251, 252
stabbing 256
Fendall, John 148–9
Fergusson, Jean 19, 20
Finlayson, George 252
Flint, Charles 163
Bencoolen 231, 232, 267, 271, 272
in England 284, 285, 301, 305, 306
Fame fire 275
in later life 310–11
Raffles Collection 308
Flint, Jenny Rosdew 310
Flint, Maryanne 3
Bencoolen 231
Calcutta 229
Cheltenham 163, 164
children 186, 281
death 302
European tour 177, 183
fan 179
Flint’s death 301–2
Java 94, 96
letters to 200, 254, 275, 278, 281
Bencoolen 201, 205
Charlotte’s birth 196, 198
children’s deaths 238, 239
Singapore 244, 272, 283, 291–2
London 164
Malacca 65
marriage to Flint 81
marriage to Thompson 32
miniature of 307
Penang 24, 25, 30, 32, 49, 50, 57, 81, 82
punctuality 179
Raffles’ will 291
returns to England 140
sees Raffles off 191
Singapore 232, 237
and Sophia 164, 169, 192
Sophia’s letters to 270, 271, 275, 276, 284, 294
and Cousin Thomas 186
Flint, Sophie 253, 267, 301, 305–6
Flint, Stamford Raffles 163, 306
Flint, Captain William 81–2
> advice to 241
Bencoolen 231
Calcutta 229
death 301
Java 120
portrait 307
returns to England 140, 163
Singapore 221, 231, 255, 260–1, 266, 283
and Crawfurd 272
and Farquhar 244, 261, 262, 263
Singapore Institution 251
tortoiseshell 239
Foersch, N.P. 122
‘Forget-me-Not’ (Olivia Raffles) 139–40
Fort Marlborough see Bencoolen
France xii
Java 61, 62, 68, 85, 87, 88–9
Napoleonic Wars xii–xiii, 61, 146–7
Raffles’ European tour 179, 181, 182–3
Reunion and Mauritius 61
Frederick, Prince 175
Freemasonry 130
Fullerton, Robert 292
G
gamelan music 135–6, 168, 307
Ganges (ship) 25, 26–8, 149–50, 153
Garnham, Captain 149, 187
Gentleman’s Magazine, The 298
George III 92, 157–8
George IV see Prince Regent
Georgetown 30, 31–2, 36, 37, 51–2
Germany 179
Gillespie, Major-General Robert Rollo
charges against Raffles 131–4, 146, 154, 159, 171–2
death 142
Java 97, 116, 117
Java invasion 87, 88, 89–90, 109
leaves Java 127
Palembang 99, 100
and Raffles 119–21, 123–5, 126, 144
slaves 121
Yogyakarta 105, 106, 108
Godwin, Mary 182
Goh Geok Khim 305
Goring, Mary 20
Government of India Act 1858 311
Governor Raffles (ship) 138
Grant, Charles 146, 235, 242–3, 251
Great Expectations (Dickens) 5
Greig, Captain 77, 84
Grenville, Lord 311
Grimes, Nurse Mary 196, 200, 208, 239, 241, 254, 289, 290, 310
Gunong Gede 142–3
H
Hahn, Emily 115
Hall, Captain Basil 138, 159, 168, 185, 299, 303
Hamengkubuwana II, Sultan of Yogyakarta 102–5, 107
Hamengkubuwana III, Sultan of Yogyakarta 104, 106, 107
Hamilton, Duke of 186
Hamond, Charles 4, 7, 17, 190
Hamond, Elizabeth 4, 191, 233
Hamond, Elton 4, 183, 190–1, 232–3, 241
The History of Java 189–90, 191, 192, 193, 194
letters to 111, 113, 116, 117–18
Hamond, Harriet 190
Harcourt, Countess of 176
Hardwicke, General 294
Hare, Alexander 98–9, 133, 151–2
Harmonie Club 123
Harrington, Captain Thomas 27
Hastings, Marquess of 125, 130
Acheen 213, 224
Bencoolen 148
East Indies 209–10, 215, 228–9
and Gillespie 142
Gillespie’s charges 171
Japan 136, 138
Java 118, 130–1, 146
Menangkabau 208
and Moore 21
Palembang 207, 208, 209
Penang 228
and Raffles 146
Raffles’ personal finances 281
Singapore 223, 235
Straits Settlements 283
Hastings, Warren 13
Hawkins-Dempster, Charlotte Louisa 18, 20
Henley-on-Thames xii
Hero of Malown (ship) 267
Hickey, William 25, 43, 60, 163
Highwood House 287, 289–90, 292, 297, 306–8, 310–11
Hinduism 101, 143–4, 204, 206
History of the Indian Archipelago (Crawfurd) 233–4
History of Java, The (Raffles) 145, 165–7, 168–9
Bali 143–4
Banks 157
Beright 111
Borneo 98
Dick 162
Leyden 91
Marx 112
Prince Regent 176, 177
publication 188–9
reviews 167–8
Ronggeng 194
ryotwari system 115
second edition 189–90, 192, 193, 194, 233
Somerset 159
Sophia 299
temples and antiquities 135
tiger fights 129
History of Sumatra (Marsden) 39, 67–8, 156, 166, 167
Hobson, Mr 50
Hollamby, William 172
Holland see Dutch
Holloway, Charles 206, 207
Home, Sir Everard 162–3, 170, 290, 296
Hood, Vice-Admiral Sir Samuel 138
Hope, Hugh 78–9, 95
Hornung, E.W. xi–xii
Horsburgh, James 235
Horsfield, Dr Thomas
Bencoolen 200, 205, 206
Gunong Gede 143
The History of Java 166
in later life 302
letters to 157
Surakarta 102
temples and antiquities 134
Upas Tree 122, 123
Hull, Emily 301, 302
Hull, James Watson 163–4, 172, 285
Hull, Jane 177
Hull, John Watson 290
Hull, Nilson 245, 263, 265, 266, 267, 274
Hull, Captain Robert 231
Hull, Sophia see Raffles, Sophia
Hull, Sophia (mother) 163–4, 172, 188, 285, 301, 302
Hull, Lieutenant William 164, 172, 177, 183, 208, 290, 307
Hunter, John 162
Hussar (ship) 127
Hussein Mahummud Shah, Sultan of Johore 1–2, 217, 219, 221–3
‘Hymn before Sunrise, in the Vale of Chamouni’ (Coleridge) 182
I
Ibbetson, Robert 16–17, 28
Illustrious (ship) 79
Importance of Being Earnest, The (Wilde) 110
India House 7, 9, 10, 312
Indian Mutiny 311
Indiana (ship) 211, 216, 217, 220, 221, 223, 231
Inglis, Sir Hugh 186–7
Inglis, Sir Robert Harry 224–5, 286, 291
Inkle and Yarico 21
Ireland xvi, 186
Islam 17, 101, 134, 143
Island of Java (Stockdale) 122
J
Jack, Dr William 212, 214, 215, 222, 226, 229, 231, 244
Jackson, Lieutenant Philip 247, 248, 252
Jane Eyre (Bronte) 123
Janssens, General J.W. 85, 87, 88–9
Japan 136–8
Jardin des Plantes 184–5
Java xi, xiii, 59, 61, 62–4, 65, 68, 257
administration 93–4, 95–9, 109–10, 118–21
Amherst, Lord 185
army 119–21, 133–4
Banjarmasin Enormity 98–9
Batavian Society of Arts and Science 121, 136
currency 115–16, 117, 131
East India Company 90, 106, 109, 112–13, 144–5
Eurasian wives 140–1
Fendall 148–9
gamelan music 135–6
Gillespie’s charges 131–4, 145–6, 154, 171–2
Gunong Gede 142–3
Harmonie Club 123
Hero of Malown 269
history 100–1
invasion 87–91, 92
invasion fleet 76–86, 87
land sales 116–18, 131–2
land-rent reforms 110–15, 130, 131
missionaries 243
Moira 130–1
Mount Tambora 143
Palembang 99–100
puppets 136
Raffles’ farewell 149–50
Raffles’ reports 71–3, 83–4
ronggengs 194
Serat Bratayuda 166
slavery 121
smallpox vaccinations 121
social life 123–4, 138–9
Surakarta 101–2, 128
temples and antiquities xv, 134–5
Travers’ return
199–200
Treaty of Paris 147
Upas Tree 121–3
VOC 8
Yogyakarta 101, 102–8, 113, 128–9
Java Government Gazette 95
administration 119, 120
Princess Charlotte 175
Eurasian wives 140–1
land sales 116
Olivia’s illness and death 138, 139
Raffles’ farewell dinner 149
Raffles’ health 142
slavery 121
social life 101, 123
Surakarta 128
temples 135
Upas Tree 122–3
war with America 95–6
Yogyakarta 108
Johnstone, A.L. 287
Johor Alum, Sultan of Acheen 36, 213, 224, 225
Johore 217
Jones, Sir William 37
Joseph, George Francis 184, 306–7
K
kalunga 142
Kapital, Das (Marx) 112
Kedah, Rajah of 80
Knox, Hon. Charles 301
Knox, Charlotte Raffles Drury 49, 163, 186, 281, 301
kris 102, 103, 106, 178–9, 307
L
Lady Raffles, The (ship) 184, 191, 192–3, 195, 197
Lamb, Charles 10, 11
Lamb, Mary 10
Language Institution 282
Lansdowne, Lord 207
Lawrence, Mr 50
Leopold, Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 174, 175–6, 177
Leslie, Mary see Travers, Mary
Lewis (servant) 149, 155
Leyden, John 33, 37
death 90–2, 122–3
Java 63–4, 67, 68, 69, 79, 84, 87, 88
and Olivia 34–6, 49, 139–40
and Raffles 34, 37–8, 51, 53, 165
Raffles’ ‘Malayan Nation’ paper 56–7
Life of Sir Stamford Raffles (Boulger) 300
Light, Captain Francis 16, 30–1, 44
Lindeman, Harriet 3
Lindeman, Rev. John 3, 285
‘Lines Written in the Vale of Chamouni’ (Shelley) 182
Lingga 210
Linnean Society 6, 203, 285
Literary Gazette 252
Liverpool, Lord 92, 95, 288
Loban, Isabella 302
Loftie, John Billington 64, 65, 82
Loftie, Leonora 3, 57, 64, 65, 81, 82, 94, 96
Lonsdale, James 184
Lowe, Sir Hudson 150
Lyde, Anne see Raffles, Anne
M
Macalister, Colonel Norman 44, 48, 49, 53, 54, 55, 57–8
Mackenzie, Lieutenant-Colonel Colin 72–3, 102, 104, 111, 126, 134, 166
Maclean, Captain Hector 105–6
McLelland, Charlotte 186, 281
McLelland, Baron James 186, 281
McPherson, James 166
McQuoid, Thomas 36, 302
Bencoolen 200
Java 116, 117, 132, 150, 269, 288
letters to 270, 271
Maddock, James 6
Maitland (ship) 278
Malacca 46–8
Anglo-Chinese College 243, 250, 252
East India Company 15–16, 41–3, 44
Java invasion fleet 64, 65, 81
Minto 80–2
Raffles 45, 52–5, 56, 67–75
Straits Settlements 283
Treaty of London 279
Malayan Miscellanies 233
Malays
diplomatic letters 69
history and literature 74–5
language 28, 34, 37–9, 41
Raffles Page 37
