American Rebels
Page 49
14 John Adams to Abigail Adams, June 2, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
15 John Adams to Abigail Adams, May 29, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
16 Thaddeus Burr to Tapping Reeve, May 15, 1775, quoted in Allan, John Hancock: Patriot, p. 192.
17 Dorothy Dudley to Esther Livingstone, August 30, 1775, quoted in ibid.
18 Ibid.
19 John Hancock to Dorothy Quincy, June 10, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
20 John Hancock to Dorothy Quincy, June 21, 1775, “The historical love letter … John Hancock President of Congress to Dorothy Quincy, the second ‘Dorothy Q’ whom he married two months later”; https://www.loc.gov/item/rbpe.16203400/.
21 Abigail Adams to John Adams, May 24, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
22 Ibid.
23 Ibid.
24 Abigail Adams to John Adams, May 7, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
25 “Intercepted Letters of the Soldiers in Boston,” April 28, 1775, in Force, American Archives, vol. 2, pp. 440–441, quoted in Ferling, Independence, p. 121.
26 Jonathan Sewall to Thomas Robie, June 7, 1775, quoted in Shipton, New England Life, p. 575.
27 Ibid.
28 Rowe, Letters and Diary, January 20, 1776, p. 297.
29 Samuel Quincy to Henry Hill, May 13, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
30 Ibid.
31 Ibid.
32 Hannah Quincy Lincoln to Samuel Quincy, May 11, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
33 Ibid.
34 Ibid.
35 Samuel Quincy to Henry Hill, May 13, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
36 Hannah Quincy Lincoln to Samuel Quincy, May 11, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
37 Samuel Quincy to Henry Hill, August 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
38 “Proscription of Thomas Gage, June 12, 1775,” quoted in Allan, John Hancock: Patriot, p. 193.
39 John Adams, Diary and Autobiography, vol. 3, p. 321.
40 See Philbrick, Bunker Hill, p. xiii.
41 Abigail Adams to John Adams, June 18–20, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
42 Ibid.
43 Letter of General William Howe dated June 22–24, 1775, quoted in Philbrick, Bunker Hill, p. 230.
44 John Adams, Diary and Autobiography, vol. 3, p. 323.
45 John Hancock to Joseph Warren, June 18, 1775, Letters of Members of the Continental Congress, vol. 1, ed. Edmund Cody Burnett (Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution, 1921), p. 134.
46 John Adams to Josiah Quincy Sr., July 29, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
47 Josiah Quincy Sr. to Samuel Adams, July 11, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
48 Allen French, The First Year of the American Revolution (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1934), p. 267.
49 Edmund Quincy IV to Dorothy Quincy, July 22, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
50 George Washington, The Papers of George Washington: Revolutionary War Series, vol. 1, ed. W. W. Abbot, Dorothy Twohig, Philander D. Chase, Edward C. Lengel, Theodore J. Crackel, and David J. Roth (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1985), “General Orders,” July 4, 1775, p. 54.
Chapter 29: The Unhappy Contest
1 Braintree, Deposition of John Spear, May 20, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
2 George Washington to Richard Henry Lee, July 10, 1775, quoted in Ron Chernow, Washington: A Life (New York: Penguin Books, 2011), p. 195.
3 William Cheever diary, July 7, 1775, MHS.
4 Philbrick, Bunker Hill, p. 149.
5 See George Washington to Samuel Washington, July 20, 1775, quoted in Chernow, Washington: A Life, p. 196.
6 Francis Drake, Life and Correspondence of Henry Knox: Major-General in the American Revolutionary Army (Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1873), p. 17.
7 Abigail Adams to John Adams, July 31, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
8 Ibid.
9 Ibid.
10 John Adams to Abigail Adams, July 7, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid.
13 John Adams to Abigail Adams, October 1, 1775, Ibid.
14 John Adams, Diary and Autobiography, vol. 3, p. 318.
15 Abigail Adams to John Adams, June 22, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
16 John Adams, Diary and Autobiography, vol. 3. p. 318.
17 John Adams to Abigail Adams, July 24, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
18 John Adams to James Warren, July 24, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
19 Ibid.
20 “The Declaration of the Causes and Necessity for Taking Up Arms,” July 6, 1775, quoted in Ferling, Independence, p. 169.
21 Ibid.
22 John Hancock to George Washington, July 10, 1775, quoted in Allan, John Hancock: Patriot, p. 196.
23 George Washington to John Hancock, July 21, 1775, quoted in Allan, John Hancock: Patriot, p. 197.
24 John Hancock to the Honorable Assembly of the Massachusetts Bay, June 4, 1775, quoted in Lorenzo Sears, John Hancock (Boston: Little, Brown, 1913), pp. 195–196.
25 Benjamin Harrison to George Washington, July 21, 1775, quoted in Allan, John Hancock: Patriot, p. 201.
26 George Washington to John Hancock, July 21, 1775, Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-01-02-0085.
27 Ibid.
28 Abigail Adams to John Adams, July 22, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
29 George Washington to John Hancock, July 21, 1775, Founders Online, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-01-02-0085.
30 Abigail Adams to John Adams, July 25, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
31 Jonathan Sewall to Thomas Robie, July 15, 1775, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, vol. 30, 1895, 1896, p. 419.
32 Jonathan Sewall to Thomas Robie, August, 1775, quoted in Shipton, New England Life, p. 576.
33 Edmund Quincy IV to Dorothy Quincy, August 4, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
34 Edmund Quincy IV to John Wendell, September 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
35 Abigail Adams to John Adams, August 11, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
36 Charles Lee to John Adams, October 5, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
37 John Hancock to Dorothy Quincy, August 14, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
38 Frank S. Child, An Historic Mansion, Being an Account of the Thaddeus Burr Homestead, Fairfield, Connecticut, 1654–1915 (1915), p. 14.
39 Pennsylvania Gazette, September 6, 1775; extract printed in Woodbury, Dorothy Quincy, p. 93.
40 Edmund Quincy IV to Dorothy Quincy, July 22, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
41 Edmund Quincy IV to Lydia Hancock, September 8, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
42 Ibid.
Chapter 30: Complications of Evil and Misfortune
1 Abigail Quincy to Josiah Quincy Sr., September 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
2 Ibid.
3 Ibid.
4 Josiah Quincy Jr., “The London Journal,” December 21, 1774, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
5 Ibid., January 20, 1775.
6 Ibid., December 14, 1774.
7 Josiah Quincy Sr. to Abigail Phillips Quincy, August 5, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
8 Abigail Phillips Quincy to Josiah Quincy Sr., September 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
9 Thomas Hutchinson to Charles Paxton, February 16, 1776, quoted in Mary Beth Norton, The British-Americans: The Loyalist Exiles in England, 1774–1789 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1972), pp. 48–49.
10 Samuel Quincy to Hannah Hill Quincy, September 5, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
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11 Samuel Quincy to Henry Hill, August 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
12 George M. Wrong, Canada and the American Revolution: The Disruption of the First British Empire (New York: Macmillan, 1935), p. 405.
13 Samuel Quincy to Hannah Hill Quincy, September 5, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
14 Samuel Quincy to Henry Hill, August 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
15 John Adams to James Warren, September 19, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
16 Sumner, “Reminiscences,” p. 189.
17 John Adams to Abigail Adams, November 4, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
18 Ira Stoll, Samuel Adams (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008), p. 174.
19 John Adams to Abigail Adams, November 4, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
20 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 8, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
21 Abigail Adams to John Adams, addendum dated September 10, 1775, to letter dated September 8, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
22 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 29, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
23 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 8, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
24 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 25, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
25 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 8, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
26 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 25, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
27 Abigail Phillips Quincy to Josiah Quincy Sr., September 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
28 Abigail Adams to John Adams, October 1, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
29 Abigail Adams to John Adams, October 21, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
30 Abigail Adams to John Adams, October 9, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
31 Abigail Adams to John Adams, September 25, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
32 Abigail to John Adams, October 9, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
33 I have seen the glass etching for myself, preserved in the Josiah Quincy House, maintained by Historic New England.
34 Abigail Adams to John Adams, October 25, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
35 Ibid.
36 Ibid.
37 Abigail Adams to John Adams, November 12, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
38 George Washington to General Philip Schuyler, October 26, 1775, quoted in Chernow, Washington: A Life, pp. 208–209; David McCullough, 1776 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005), p. 56.
39 Proclamation for Suppressing Rebellion and Sedition, August 23, 1775, quoted in Ferling, Independence, p. 179.
40 The King’s Speech to Parliament, October 26, 1775, quoted in Ferling, Independence, p. 180.
41 John Adams to Richard Henry Lee, November 15, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
42 Abigail Adams to John Adams, November 27, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
43 John Adams, Diary and Autobiography, vol. 3, p. 350.
44 Abigail Adams to John Adams, November 12, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
45 Nathan Miller, The U.S. Navy: A History, 3d ed. (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997), p. 15.
46 Ibid.
47 William Alexander, Lord Stirling to John Hancock, December 17, 1775, Hancock Family Papers, MHS.
48 John Hancock to Philip Schuyler, January 10, 1776, Hancock Family Papers, MHS.
49 George Washington to John Hancock, December 17, 1775, quoted in Philbrick, Bunker Hill, p. 349.
50 Philbrick, Bunker Hill, p. 255.
51 Allan, John Hancock: Patriot, p. 210; Unger, John Hancock: Merchant King, pp. 225–226; American Quarterly Review, nos. 1–2 (1827): p. 405.
52 Force, American Archives, vol. 4, p. 379.
Chapter 31: Surrender of Boston
1 Abigail Phillips Quincy to Josiah Quincy Sr., September 18, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
2 Josiah Quincy Jr. as “Hyperion,” September 1767, Memoir of the Life of Josiah Quincy, p. 11.
3 Ibid.
4 Samuel Quincy to Hannah Hill Quincy, September 5, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
5 Samuel Quincy to Hannah Hill Quincy, September 5, 1775; and July 24, 1775, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
6 Samuel Quincy, “To the Memory of General Montgomery,” Quincy-Hill-Phillips-Treadwell Papers, 1699–1969, Brinkler Library, Cambridge Historical Society.
7 Jonathan Sewall to Edward Winslow, January 10, 1776, quoted in Shipton, New England Life, pp. 576–577.
8 George Washington to Joseph Reed, January 14, 1776, Founders Online, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-03-02.
9 Ibid.
10 John Adams to Abigail Adams, March 19, 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
11 Abigail Adams to John Adams, February 21, 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
12 Thomas Paine, Common Sense, p. 57, Collections of the MHS.
13 Ibid., pp. 27–28.
14 Abigail Adams to John Adams, February 21, 1776, Collections of the MHS.
15 Abigail Adams to John Adams, November 27, 1775, Adams Papers, MHS.
16 Edmund Quincy to Dorothy Quincy, February 8, 1776, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
17 Benjamin Franklin to William Strahan, July 5, 1775 (unsent but publicized), quoted in Walter Isaacson, Benjamin Franklin: An American Life (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003), p. 296.
18 Isaacson, Benjamin Franklin, p. 320.
19 Edmund Quincy IV to John Hancock, February 8, 1776, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
20 George Washington to John Hancock, February 18, 1776, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
21 Council of War, February 16, 1776, Founders Online, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-03-02-0229.
22 William Gordon to Samuel Wilson, April 6, 1776, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, ser. 3, vol. 60 (October 1926–June 1927), p. 363.
23 Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 2, 1776 (with additions through March 10), Adams Papers, MHS.
24 Ibid.
25 Ibid.
26 Ibid.
27 Ibid.
28 Ibid.
29 James Lovell would return to America in a prisoner exchange and served as a delegate to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1782; his father, John, died in Halifax in 1778.
30 Josiah Quincy Sr. to George Washington, March 21, 1776, in Force, American Archives, vol. 5, pp. 455–456.
31 Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 16 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
32 Abigail Adams to John Adams, May 27, 1776, quoting Psalm 118:23, Adams Papers, MHS.
33 John Adams to Abigail Adams, March 29, 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
34 Edmund Quincy, Life of Josiah Quincy, p. 28.
35 Edmund Quincy IV to Dorothy Hancock, March 25, 1776, Quincy Family Papers, MHS.
36 James Warren to John Adams, March 30, 1776, quoted in Nancy Rubin Stuart, The Muse of the Revolution, The Secret Pen of Mercy Otis Warren and the Founding of a Nation (Boston: Beacon Press, 2008), p. 107.
37 Mercy Otis Warren, Mercy Otis Warren: Selected Letters, ed. Jeffrey H. Richards and Sharon M. Harris (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2010), p. 74.
38 George Washington to John Hancock, March 19, 1776, in Force, American Archives, vol. vi, p. 420.
39 Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 31, 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
40 John Adams to Abigail Adams, April 14, 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
41 Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 31, 1776, Adams Papers, MHS.
42 Rowe, Letters and Diary, March 11, 1776, p. 302.
43 Abigail Adams to John Adams, April 10, 1776 (added to April 7 letter), Adams Papers, MHS.