The Spy Who Was Left Behind
Page 35
Saakashvili’s advisors in, 291
Soviet intelligence operations of, 47–48, 49
Woodruff family’s intervention and, 148
Woodruff’s body returned to United States by, 5, 131
Woodruff’s employment by, 3, 4, 5, 9, 23, 88, 93, 94–95, 109, 202
Woodruff’s murder related to errors and omissions by, 322
Chachuria, Levan, 119–21
Chanturia, K., 172
Chapidze, Eliso, 162–64, 172, 173, 309–10
Cheney, Dick, 296
Cherkashin, Victor, 52, 233–38, 315
Chkhaidze, Sopiko, 122–23
Chkutiasvili, Badri, 280–83
Ciralsky, Adam, 285
Clinton, Bill, 4, 16, 50, 108
Darchiashvili, Elena, 303
background of, 141, 263–64
difficulty arranging interview with, 141, 186
Djaparidze’s official interrogation of, 264–69, 276
Gogoladze’s relationship with, 264
identification of shooters by, 302, 319
Sharmaidze trial testimony of, 32, 141
Woodruff’s shooting during car trip with, 32, 207, 221, 261, 264–69, 276, 283–84, 321
Djaparidze, Otar, 259–76
Darchiashvili’s interrogation by, 264–69
Gogoladze’s interrogation by, 259–63
Kapanadze’s interrogation by, 269–76
Doran, Jamie, 246–52, 255
Baer interview and, 203–04
documentary on Sharmaidze investigation by, 245, 248–53, 255–56
Giorgadze interview and, 241–42
Gogoladze interview by, 255–56
search for real killer in Russia and, 227–28, 229, 234, 238–40
video on Kapanadze’s involvement and, 200–02
visit to Sharmaidze family home by, 246, 247
drug smuggling, 7, 49–50, 55, 82, 122, 207–08, 229–30, 311, 314
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
American embassy staff interview by, 23
Ames’s interview by, 52–53
Ames-Woodruff connection and, 64–65, 235, 312
car examination by, 17–18, 146
CIA national security interests and investigations of, 24
compromise of Soviet sources of, 48–49
crime scene sketch by, 19
documents provided by, 9–11, 13–15, 17–18, 50, 55, 76, 164, 206–07
evidence collected by, 24, 25–26, 35, 41, 230
FOIA requests to, 8–10, 55, 122, 221, 308
forensic evidence from, 21–22, 25, 29, 35, 60, 79, 119, 121, 130, 185–86, 194, 300–01
Georgian reinvestigation’s request for documents from, 215, 216, 221, 222
Gogoladze’s interview by, 18–21, 24, 55–58
identification of shooter by, 62–63, 205, 208–12, 307–08, 313
interviews conducted by, 55–58, 62–65
investigators’ travel authorizations from, 51–52, 62, 64–65, 309
location of shooting and, 19–21
polygraph use by, 65–66, 309
Rachman’s arrest and, 288
reenactment of shooting and, 21–22
reports on Woodruff’s murder from, 45, 60–63, 81, 121, 183, 194
safety of investigators in, 15–16
Sharmaidze’s interviews by, 21, 24, 55
Sharmaidze’s trial and, 28
time line using data from, 13–15
Woodruff murder investigations of, 6, 15, 17–24, 36, 50
Woodruff petition hearing and reports from, 130, 185–86, 194
Woodruff’s murder related to errors and omissions by, 322
Fletcher, Lance, 192–93, 198–99
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, 8–10, 55, 122, 221, 308
Friends United narcotics cartel, 229–30
Gamsakhurdia, Zviad, 102–03, 104–06, 107, 111, 189, 241
Gelashvili, Merab, 278
Georgia
Abkhazia insurgency and, 33, 111–12, 113, 116, 120, 130, 249, 291
best interest in acknowledging Sharmaidze’s innocence by, 221–22
Bush’s visit to, 200, 213, 219–20, 290
CIA liaison to, 109
crime and lawlessness in, 6, 10, 15, 16–17
FBI identification of shooter and, 208–09, 212
FBI investigation with permission from, 17, 51, 54
honor-and-shame approach in, 187–88
judicial system in, 159–60, 181–82, 186, 187, 196
letter requesting US help sent by, 215–16, 221, 222
lying on behalf of state in, 308–09, 313–14
narcotics trafficking by, 7, 49–50, 55, 82, 122, 207–08, 230
official version of Woodruff’s death from, 4, 5–6, 7–8, 10, 54, 60
Pullara’s licensing as lawyer in, 140–41
Pullara’s work monitored by, 143, 310
reason behind Woodruff’s murder and, 317
recent political history of, 99–116
reinvestigation of Sharmaidze conviction by, 199–200, 213–16, 220–23, 245, 246, 316
Rose Revolution in, 83, 118, 152, 161, 190, 193, 220
Russia’s war with, 292, 294, 295
Saakashvili presidency in, 183–84, 118, 191–92, 316
Shevardnadze presidency in, 111–16, 134–35, 189–91, 240–41
telephone justice in, 186, 187
thieves in law in, 100–01
US acceptance of Sharmaidze conviction by, 36, 132, 222–24, 253, 254
US Special Forces’ antiterrorism training in, 15–16
US support for, 189–90, 191, 192, 196, 197, 200, 218–19, 240, 291–92
Woodruff investigation file of, 51, 56, 73, 122, 212, 243, 257, 302
Woodruff’s shooting and involvement of, 23, 319–20
Gevorkian, Natasha, 289
Giorgadze, Igor, 130, 248
Georgian government and, 7, 110, 112, 115–16, 130
interview with, 237, 239–43
Kviraya’s accusations against, 8, 242
Russia’s protection for, 7, 8
Shevardnadze assassination attempt and, 7, 77, 128, 130, 237, 240–41
Woodruff’s murder arrangements made by, 8, 130, 233, 241–42, 305
Gogoladze, Eldar, 299, 301
arrest of trio of alleged murderers by, 80, 262, 274, 276
as bodyguard for Shevardnadze, 3, 5, 8, 21, 57, 77, 110, 129, 134, 168, 248, 306
car for trip chosen by, 56, 261
Cartu Group job, firing, and rehiring of, 77–78, 179, 306–07
Chapidze’s article on, 164
Djaparidze’s official interrogation of, 259–63, 276
documentary on Sharmaidze investigation and, 248–49, 255–56
as driver during shooting, 9–10, 17, 56, 78–81, 207, 261, 271–72, 284, 320–21
eyewitness on activities of, 168–69
FBI’s interview of, 18–19, 24, 55–58
GRU connections of, 129, 305–07, 311, 320–21
gun carried by, 168, 261, 263, 267, 275
hospital stops to deliver Woodruff’s body by, 9–10, 21, 31, 57–58, 79, 146, 248–49, 262, 263, 268–69, 281, 303
inconsistencies in accounts of, 57–58
location of shooting and, 19, 21, 81, 303
Mkhedrioni and, 242, 306, 320
motivations of, 150
newspaper accounts of Woodruff’s death and, 3–4, 5, 8
problems with story of, 19–21, 31, 33–34, 80
Pullara’s interview of, 69, 75, 77–83
reinvestigation of Sharmaidze conviction and, 221
response to allegations against, 172–73
return home after shooting for change of clothes and nap by, 19, 31, 33–34, 56, 80, 168, 248–49, 303, 319
reward for services of, 306–307, 321
Russian organized crime’s focus on, 210
on Russia’s involvement in Woodruff’s murder, 179, 307
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br /> Sharmaidze’s arrest by, 19, 29, 31, 33–34, 37–38, 43, 56, 80, 150, 177–78, 262, 274
Sharmaidze trial testimony of, 30–32, 41
Shevardnadze assassination attempt and, 77
time of shooting and, 22, 146, 262
as triple agent, 306
Woodruff’s murder and connections with, 56–57, 128, 129, 220
Woodruff’s murder and role of, 82, 306, 309, 319–21
Woodruff’s relationship with, 110–11, 175, 210
Goltz, Thomas, 160–62, 197, 293
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 4, 104, 105, 108, 248
Grachev, Pavel, 211
Group Alpha, 61, 109, 116, 130, 233, 288, 303, 305–06, 319, 320
GRU, 229
Georgian government and, 233
Gogoladze as agent in, 129, 305–07, 311, 320–21
Ioseliani’s connection with, 23
reward for services in, 306–307, 321
Woodruff’s shooting and, 22–23, 49, 128, 203, 205–06, 211, 220, 233, 308, 320–21
Hanssen, Robert, 52, 228, 232, 322
Helms, Jesse, 7, 49–50, 55
Higgins, Andrew, 293–95, 296–97, 299
Howard, Edward Lee, 48, 54
Inashvili, Tamaz, 135, 142–43, 154–55, 160
eyewitness interview and, 165–67
petition for intervention hearing and, 181, 182–83, 186–87
Pullara’s interview of, 72–76
reinvestigation of Sharmaidze conviction and, 220, 221
Sharmaidze’s prison marriage and, 217–18
Sharmaidze’s trial defense and, 27–28, 30, 31–32, 33, 35–36, 44, 153, 195
Ioseliani, Avtandil, 110, 269, 302
car inspection by, 169, 220–21
documentary on Sharmaidze investigation and, 248–49, 252
Pullara’s interview with, 167–71, 215
reinvestigation of Sharmaidze conviction and, 220, 221
Sharmaidze’s release and, 299
Ioseliani, Jaba, 23, 306
Georgian government and, 17, 101, 103–04, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114–15, 116
Shevardnadze assassination attempt and, 77
Ivanashvili, Bidzina, 77, 307, 316
Kapanadze, Marina, 167, 302
Ames-Woodruff clash and, 53
barmaid job of, 53, 75, 170, 257, 269, 270
Chapidze meeting with, 309–10
disappearance of, 141, 186, 308
Djaparidze’s official interrogation of, 269–76
Georgian intelligence on, 170–71
Gogoladze’s relationship with, 271–72
GRU and, 306
identification of Woodruff as target by, 207, 319–20
Mkhedrioni and, 23, 59, 306, 311, 320
reinvestigation of Sharmaidze conviction and, 221
reward for services of, 303, 306, 307, 310, 321
Russian connections of, 307, 308, 310
Sharmaidze trial testimony of, 32
spy work of, 269
video on involvement of, 200–02
Woodruff’s film destroyed by, 207, 208
Woodruff’s murder and role of, 306, 309, 319–321
Woodruff’s relationship with, 53, 78, 82, 261, 265, 270–71, 306, 310
Woodruff’s shooting during car trip with, 23, 59, 141, 261, 265, 266, 267, 271–76, 284, 303, 320–21
Kereselidze, Lali, 75–77, 82, 118, 123, 127, 141, 147, 213, 214, 217, 247
bodyguard engaged by, 174, 179–80
connections used by, 69, 72, 119, 126, 149, 156, 167
documentary on Sharmaidze investigation and, 248, 250, 251
eyewitness interviews and, 165–67, 168, 171
Gogoladze meeting and, 75, 77
interviews with journalists and, 149, 160, 163, 164
introduction and first meeting with, 68, 69
Okruashvili interview and, 143–44
petition for intervention filing and, 160, 162, 165
petition hearing and, 181, 182, 183, 186
prison interview with Sharmaidze and, 135–38
reinvestigation of Sharmaidze conviction and, 221, 222
Shevardnadze and, 69, 132–33
television interviews and, 151, 152–55, 173, 174, 179
translation by, 71, 72, 168
KGB, 7, 52, 61, 108–09, 188, 288. See also SVR
CIA intelligence operations and, 47, 48
drug smuggling and, 7
entrapment schemes of, 200–01
Gogoladze and, 129, 150, 306
interviews of officers from, 229–38
Khubulia, Ramin, 278–79, 283
Kitovani, Tengiz, 103, 106–07, 109, 110, 111–12, 116
Klein, Peter, 197–98, 199
Knight in the Panther’s Skin, The (Rustaveli), 147
Kunin, Daniel, 192
Kviraya, Shota, 8, 110, 115, 130, 185, 230, 242, 291
Lamborn, G. L., 312–16
Lekarev, Stanislav, 231–33, 305
Leonidze, Djemal, 27–28, 73–74
Litvinenko, Alexander, 289
Memanishvili, Magda, 245, 249, 255
Miles, Richard, 189–90, 215–16
Mkhedrioni
formation of, 103–04
Georgian government and, 105, 107, 111, 112, 115
Gogoladze and, 242, 306, 320
GRU and, 306
Kapanadze and, 23, 59, 306, 311, 320
narcotics trafficking and, 115, 230
Woodruff’s desire to meet member of, 306, 320
narcotics trafficking, 7, 49–50, 55, 82, 122, 207–08, 229–30, 311, 314
National Security Agency, 9
New York Times, 3–4, 49
Okruashvili, Irakli, 143–47, 155–56, 214, 289–92, 293
Putin, Vladimir, 289, 291
Rachman, Vladimir, 284, 285
arrest of, 208–09, 286–87
FBI’s interview of, 209–10
logistical support for, 287–88, 320
as shooter in Woodruff’s murder, 319–20, 321
Rose Revolution, 83, 118, 152, 161, 190, 193, 220
Russia. See also Soviet Union
Abkhazia insurgency and, 111, 113, 130, 292
Ames’s espionage for, 122, 132, 314–15
Ames-Woodruff connection and, 49, 314–15
archivist’s refusal to help locate documents in, 227–28, 230–31
Bush’s visit to, 219
drug smuggling by, 7, 49–50, 55, 229–30, 311, 314
FBI identification of shooter in, 208–12, 307–08
Friends United narcotics cartel in, 229–30
Georgia’s relations with, and Woodruff’s murder, 161, 233
information black market in, 228–29
interviews with KGB officers in, 229–38
Kapanadze’s connections in, 307, 308, 310
organized crime meetings about Woodruff in, 209–10
Pullara’s travel and communications monitored by, 143, 310
Rachman’s arrest and, 208–09, 285
search for real killer in, 225, 227–40
US Special Forces’ antiterrorism training in Georgia and, 16
war between Georgia and, 292, 294, 295
women in espionage entrapments of, 200–01, 231–32
Woodruff’s murder and involvement of, 220, 224, 232–33, 260, 285, 307, 310–11, 315–16
Woodruff’s shooting directed by GRU in, 22–23, 49, 127–28, 179, 203, 205–06, 211, 233, 308, 320–21
Woodruff’s work with, 205
Rustaveli, Shota, 147
Saakashvili, Mikheil “Misha,” 188–92
Batiashvili’s arrest for treason and, 249
Bush’s visit and, 200, 213, 219–20, 290
conspiracy to frame Sharmaidze and, 170, 220, 246, 299
decision to reinvestigate Sharmaidze conviction by, 199–200, 213
early political career of, 189–90
family background and education of, 188–89
&n
bsp; need to plead Woodruff case directly before, 187
presidency of, 1, 83–84, 144, 157, 191–92, 200, 240, 290–92, 316
prime minister’s death and, 217
Pullara’s request for justice from, 1, 2–3, 193–94, 197
Rose Revolution and, 83, 118
Russia and, 292
Sharmaidze’s parole and, 291
60 Minutes proposal on Woodruff story and, 197–98, 199, 200
strategic importance of, 218–19
US support for, 189–90, 191, 192, 196, 197, 200, 218–19, 240, 291–92
US war efforts and, 218
war with Russia and, 292, 294, 295
Woodruff hearing and telephone justice and, 186, 192, 193, 194, 196
Zhvania’s murder and, 217, 242
Sakvarelidze, Avtandil
Pullara’s interview of, 69–72
Sharmaidze’s trial and, 36, 37, 40–42, 43, 44–45
Sanshiashvili, Zaza, 144, 214–16
Semenova, Maria “Mousia,” 227, 233–34, 238–39, 248, 288, 303–04
Sharmaidze, Anzor
anonymous call regarding Pullara to, 154–55
ballistics evidence and timing of arrest of, 126
Berbitchashvili’s letter to, 40, 60, 70–71, 72
categories of evidence against, 118–19
confession of, 8, 30, 42–43, 44, 45, 51, 54, 55, 70, 118, 182
conspiracy to frame for murder, 130–31, 170, 220, 246, 299
demand for money by, 299–300
documentary interview of, 250–53
FBI’s interviews of, 21, 24, 55
FBI’s report on Woodruff’s murder and, 10, 11, 45, 55
FBI’s return of evidence for trial of, 26
forensic rifle evidence and, 10, 21–22, 25, 29, 34–35, 40–41, 44, 60, 130, 170
Georgian accusations against, as Woodruff’s murderer, 5–6, 7–8
Georgian government’s best interest in acknowledging innocence of, 221–22
Georgian journalists’ articles on, 149–50
Georgian military service of, 111
Georgian political background to conviction of, 17, 161–62
Georgia’s reinvestigations of conviction of, 199–200, 213–16, 220–23, 245, 246, 316
Giorgadze on trial of, 242
Gogoladze’s arrest of, 19, 29, 31, 33–34, 37–38, 43, 56, 80, 150, 177–78, 262, 274
Higgins’s article on, 299
infected wound and hospitalization of, 137–38
location of shooting and, 21, 76, 81
media publicity for release of, 292–93, 294–95, 297, 299
mother of, 181, 187, 247, 253, 256
parole of, 299–300
petition for intervention filing and, 160, 162, 164, 217
petition hearing and, 181, 183
prison marriage of, 217–18
prison visits with, 135–38, 250–53
proposed release of, 290–91