580 “the Major… larger”: Wertenbaker, “The Ubiquitous Major.”
580 “in the… millionaire”: Harry Hurt III, “Mr. Kung’s Secret Compound,” Texas Monthly, December 1984, p. 118.
580 “the line… obligation”: CIA-RDP79-01082A000100020035-0, p. 8, undated.
580 “could get… Communists”: Charles Wertenbaker, “The Smiling Counselor,” Reporter, April 29, 1952, p. 10.
581 “has been… sound”: Harold Hinton, “White Paper Blunt,” The New York Times, August 6, 1949.
581 “more the… weaknesses”: Alden Whitman, “The Life of Chiang Kai-shek,” The New York Times, April 6, 1975.
581 “We picked… horse”: McCullough, p. 744.
581 “the Chinese… fruit”: Chang and Halliday, Mao, p. 108.
582 “Meanwhile… responsibilities”: Crozier, p. 344.
582 “could be… communists”: FBI: Memorandum from R. D. Cotter to W. D. Sullivan, September 13, 1965, p. 3. (Material furnished to the author by the Department of Justice in response to Freedom of Information Act inquiry.)
582 “Our embassies… situation”: Academia Historica, Taipei, Madame Chiang, wire to CKS, December 14, 1949.
CHAPTER FIFTY
587 “Taiwan became… America”: Richard Chu, “Historical Relations,” Asian Affairs: An American Review, Fall 1989, p. 107.
587 “one of… Orient”: Kerr, p. 5.
587 “From the… mission”: Parris H. Chang, “Beautiful Island,” The Wilson Quarterly, Autumn 1979, pp. 61–63.
588 “rich, orderly… modernized”: Kerr, p. 48.
588 “It is… island”: Ibid., p. 73.
588 “brutal and insensitive”: Crozier, p. 351.
588 “We think… eats”: “Island Redoubt,” Time, July 4, 1949.
588 “prominent Commissioner… specialist’”: Kerr, p. 115.
589 “multiplied fantastically… life”: Ibid., pp. 162–79.
589 “marched into… truth”: Ibid., pp. 216–17.
589 “Our fine… maladministration”: Ibid., p. 250.
590 “committee for… life”: Ibid., p. 266.
590 “We saw… castrated”: Ibid., pp. 299–301.
590 “a whole… lost”: Chang, “Beautiful Island,” pp. 67–68.
590 “one of… China”: Crozier, p. 242.
591 “entire shiploads… back”: Kerr, pp. 366–70.
591 “not provide… Formosa”: Ibid., p. 387.
591 “return to… protest”: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, The Sure Victory, pp. 23–24.
592 “to my… demand”: “The Text of Mme. Chiang’s Farewell,” The New York Times, January 9, 1950.
592 “tired and… airliner”: “Mme. Chiang Kai-shek Starts for Formosa,” The New York Times, January 11, 1950.
592 “a brief handclasp”: “Mme. Chiang in Formosa,” The New York Times, January 13, 1950.
593 “a strange room”: Burton Crane, “Chiang Leads Spartan Life in His Formosa Retreat,” The New York Times, February 12, 1950.
593 “Chiang and… other”: Chen Jan-jing, Oral History of Dr. Xiong Wan, p. 64.
594 “because… improved”: Crane, “Chiang Leads Spartan Life in His Formosa Retreat,” The New York Times, February 12, 1950.
594 “Mme. Chiang… unnecessary”: “Mme. Chiang Asks Advisers from U.S.,” The New York Times, January 21, 1950.
594 “Mme. Chiang… paid”: “Mme. Chiang Sifts Charge Wounded Men Are Unpaid,” The New York Times, January 22, 1950.
595 “Golden Gate… Yes!”: “Mme. Chiang Visits Island War Front,” The New York Times, February 6, 1950.
595 “pretty well… city”: Burton Crane, “American Opinion a Factor,” The New York Times, March 9, 1950.
595 “not so… volunteer”: Emily Hahn, “The Old Boys,” The New Yorker, November 7, 1953, pp. 138–41.
596 “very tired… circles”: WCA: Emma DeLong Mills papers, diary of trip to Taiwan, p. 29.
596 “When I… profession”: WCA: Mills papers, “Report on Taiwan,” pp. 9–10.
596 “land rent… class”: Crozier, p. 352.
597 “policy of terror”: Kerr, p. 394.
597 “the Gimo… students”: Taylor, p. 192.
597 “often encouraged… country”: Li, pp. 347–54.
CHAPTER FIFTY-ONE
599 “Even Chiang… found”: Topping, p. 399.
599 “moral weaklings… us”: “The Text of Mme. Chiang’s Farewell,” The New York Times, January 9, 1950.
599 “the Americans… mood”: Crozier, p. 354.
599 “away from… alliance”: James Chase, p. 224. (Note: Original says “weaning” instead of “wean.”)
599 “I shouted… defense”: Stuart, pp. 239–40.
600 “whether the… securities”: HA: Alfred Kohlberg papers, Box 160, Constantine Brown, “Wealthy Chinese Could Aid Chiang,” New York Journal-American, May 3, 1950.
600 “preferred and… pursued”: FBI: J. Edgar Hoover, directive no. 62-31284-107, May 3, 1949. (Material furnished to the author by the Department of Justice in response to Freedom of Information Act inquiry.)
600 “the biggest… streak”: Joseph Lelyveld, “A 1½-China Policy,” The New York Times, April 6, 1975.
601 “they looked… moment”: HA: Kohlberg papers, Box 28, “Chiang Kai-shek,” Time, April 18, 1955.
601 “most anxious… us”: Princeton University, Seeley G. Mudd Library: John Foster Dulles Oral History Project, Transcript of a Recorded Interview with W. Averell Harriman by Philip A. Crowl, Washington, D.C., August 16, 1966.
601 “chatty private… danger”: Mosley, pp. 460–61.
602 “I know… like”: Li, p. 330.
602 “The most… mainland” HA: Kohlberg papers, Box 28, “Chiang’s Own Plan,” U.S. News & World Report, December 15, 1950.
602 “Chinese Nationalists… Communists”: Ibid., “What Shall We Do about China?” interview with Stanley K. Hornbeck, December 15, 1950.
603 “a cornucopia… training”: Taylor, p. 206.
603 “I have… Beast?”: WCA: Emma DeLong Mills papers, MSC to EM, January 26, 1951.
603 “If we… China”: Crozier, p. 359.
604 “our government… not”: Princeton University, Seeley G. Mudd Library: John Foster Dulles Oral History Project, Transcript of a Recorded Interview with Generalissimo and Madame Chiang Kai-shek, by Spencer Davis, Taipei, Taiwan, September 24, 1964.
604 “interminable truce negotiations”: Crozier, pp. 359–60.
604 An astounding… painting”: WCA: Mills papers, MC to EM, October 21, 1951.
605 “If you… purpose”: Emily Hahn, “The Old Boys,” The New Yorker, November 7, 1953, p. 142.
605 “Got the… it”: WCA: Mills papers, EM to MC, April 8, 1952.
605 “My friends… convey”: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, The Sure Victory, pp. 29–35.
606 “It was… always”: WCA: Mills papers, MC to EM, December 5, 1951.
606 “look awfully… puffy”: Ibid., MC to EM, June 10, 1952.
606 “special bed”: FBI: Office Memorandum to Director, FBI from SAC, San Francisco, document no. 62-7149-36, October 17, 1952. (Material furnished to the author by the Department of Justice in response to Freedom of Information Act inquiry.)
606 “The weather… soon”: Academia Historica, Taipei, CKS, wire to Madame, September 10, 1952.
606 “It is… again”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, November 30, 1952.
607 “purely domestic event”: Columbia University Library, RBML, Wellington Koo papers, “Conversations: 1953, Notes on the Question of Her Excellency Madame Chiang Kai-shek’s Visit to Washington to Attend General Eisenhower’s Inauguration as President of the United States,” p. 4.
607 “Madame Chiang… attention”: Ibid., Box 166, Folder L5, March 18, 1953.
607 “suddenly”: Li, p. 352.
607 “look up… Communist-affiliated”: Columbia University Library, COHO, Dr. K. C. Wu, “Reminiscences for the Years 1946–53,
” as told to Professor Nathaniel Peffer and Professor C. Martin Wilbur, May 1961, revised and corrected November 1963, part C, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 219–20. (Note: Original says “looking” rather than “look.”)
607 “civilian leaders… over-wrought”: Ibid., pp. 226–31.
608 “very popular… here”: Ibid., pp. 245–48.
608 “My crime… me”: Ibid., p. 265.
608 “sensitive”: National Archives: RG 59, CDF (1950–1954), Box 4218, March 30, 1954.
609 “use of… communism”: “Wu’s Talks in U.S. Scored in Taipei,” The New York Times, February 28, 1954.
609 “But the… action”: Columbia University Library, COHO, Dr. K. C. Wu, “Reminiscences for the Years 1946–53,” as told to Professor Nathaniel Peffer and Professor C. Martin Wilbur, May 1961, revised and corrected November 1963, part C, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 297–99.
609 “interfered with… law”: Kerr, p. 481.
609 “treason… office”: Ibid., p. 423.
610 “moral obligation… Taiwan”: Henry R. Lieberman, “Hu Shih Explains Role in Formosa,” The New York Times, February 24, 1954.
CHAPTER FIFTY-TWO
611 “He [Chiang]… everywhere”: Payne, p. 315.
611 “the President’s… insincere”: HA: Walter H. Judd papers, Box 190, Folder 2, Colonel Hsiang to Walter Judd, May 2, 1951.
612 “From now… preserved”: Ibid., Folder 1, Chiang Kai-shek to Ambassador Wellington Koo, May 23, 1951.
612 “the real… employer”: Koen, pp. 50–51.
612 “a large… expert”: HA: Judd papers, Box 190, Folder 1, Alfred Friendly, “Four Agencies Probe Acts of Chiang’s U.S. Contractor,” The Washington Post, September 9, 1951.
613 “unidentified persons”: “Accused Aide’s Kin Back in Red China,” The New York Times, March 2, 1952.
613 “In the… contact”: Crozier, p. 364.
613 “Corruption was… wardens”: Payne, pp. 301–2.
614 “to remove… temporarily”: Li, p. 356.
614 “intellectual horizon… acknowledgment”: Taylor, pp. 219–20.
614 “I think… illness”: Columbia University Library, RBML, Madame Chiang to Wellington Koo, May 28, 1954.
615 “a bamboo… screens’”: Columbia University Library: COHO, interview Dorothy Thomas, “Memoir,” session 3, May 27, 1981, pp. 170–71.
615 “friendship-at-first-sight… lips”: Georgetown University Library, Special Collections Division: Grace Perkins Oursler papers, Box 1, Folder 17, GPO, Introduction to “[The] Sure Victory.”
616 “I am… inspired”: Ibid., GPO to Herbert R. Mays, March 30, 1955.
616 “much, much… Nationalists”: Ibid., Herbert R. Mays, “Comments on ‘The Sure Victory,’” undated.
616 “There is… publication”: Ibid., Madame Chiang to GPO, June 2, 1955.
616 “Dear Grace… book”: Ibid., William R. Barbour, President, Fleming H. Revell Company, to GPO, August 25, 1955.
616 “Man of… Moscow”: HA: Alfred Kohlberg papers, Box 28, “Chiang Kai-shek,” Time, April 18, 1955.
617 “needed further editing”: WCA: Emma DeLong Mills papers, MC to EM, July 28, 1957.
617 “In reviewing… regret”: Chiang Kai-shek, Soviet Russia in China, author’s note.
617 “hatred between… tenants”: Ibid., p. 61.
617 “precipitating a… Japan”: Ibid., p. 68.
617 “rumors to… hostilities”: Ibid., p. 105.
617 “This was… time”: Ibid., p. 112.
617 “if… the… War”: Ibid., pp. 339–40.
617 “agrarian reformers… affair”: Ibid., p. 118.
618 “understood the… Communists”: Payne, p. 295.
618 “prosperity, economic… collapse”: Crozier, pp. 362–66.
618 “a triumphal… spotlight”: Li, p. 373.
618 “If anything… heart”: HA: George E. Sokolsky papers, Box 35, Folder 16, George Sokolsky to Madame Chiang Kai-shek, May 12, 1958.
619 “the evils… means”: Princeton University, Seeley G. Mudd Library, John Foster Dulles Oral History Project, Transcript of a Recorded Interview with Generalissimo and Madame Chiang Kai-shek, by Spencer Davis, Taipei, Taiwan, September 24, 1964.
619 “an extremely… Kai-shek”: FBI Office Memorandum from A. H. Belmont to L. V. Boardman on Madame Chiang Kai-shek, no. 62-71649-40, July 17, 1958. (Material furnished to the author by the Department of Justice in response to Freedom of Information Act inquiry.)
619 “Special Correspondents list”: FBI Office Memorandum from M. S. Jones to Mr. DeLoach on Madame Chiang Kai-shek, no. 622-71649-54, January 13, 1960. (Material furnished to the author by the Department of Justice in response to Freedom of Information Act inquiry.)
619 “a particularly… badly”: Columbia University Library, COHO, Roger Straus, pp. 618–20.
620 “Many people… English”: DeLong, p. 211.
620 “If this… well”: Walter Lister, Jr., “Mme. Chiang Warns Loss of Quemoy,” The New York Herald Tribune, September 4, 1958.
620 “part of… circumscribed”: Crozier, pp. 368–69.
620 “Why doesn’t… people”: “Visitor from the East: ‘Missimo’ Speaks Out,” Newsweek, October 6, 1958.
620 “Mme. Chiang… defend”: WCA: Editorial: “The Arrogant Mme. Chiang,” The Philadelphia Inquirer, September 23, 1958.
620 “inflammation of… it”: DeLong, p. 212.
621 “very important… health”: Academia Historica, Taipei, Madame Chiang, wire to Chiang Ching-kuo, October 8, 1958, file 080200/627, microfilm 0561.
621 “Today is… hospital”: Ibid., Madame Chiang, wire to Chiang Ching-kuo, October 31, 1958, file 080200/627, microfilm 0561.
621 “become one… shoulder”: “Visitor from the East: ‘Missimo’ Speaks Out,” Newsweek, October 6, 1958.
621 “meet with… States”: Taylor, p. 253.
621 “crescendo of… counterattack”: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) RG 59, CDF (1960–1963), CO154, Reel 5 (microfilm), March 25, 1962.
621 “Chiang Kai-shek… mood”: Cornell University, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, James M. McHugh papers, JMcH to Hugh Barton, July 14, 1961.
621 “the time… action”: Ibid., March 20, 1962.
622 “fast approaching… strength”: Ibid., March 25, 1962.
622 “with full… hidden”: Ibid., Reel 4, March 14, 1962.
622 “the Nationalist… overlap”: Brian Crozier, “The Golden Triangle Loses Its Shine,” The Times (London), September 28, 1973.
CHAPTER FIFTY-THREE
624 “We like… malice”: Helen Hull, Mayling Soong Chiang, p. 21.
624 a poem:
Tolerate others, restrain yourself; freedom will be seen and democracy be practiced.
Accept criticism and correct mistakes, don’t complain, don’t blame, don’t shirk. Don’t exaggerate, speak less and do more.
Don’t speak against others, don’t speak highly of yourself.
Let bygones be bygones, whatever will be will be.
Be faithful and diligent, Tilling without harvesting.
Keep yourself straight, ignore others’ talk.
Do whatever should be done, look upon death as going home.
These are the principles for one to live by, to deal with people or to rule a nation. (Payne, p. 305.)
625 “incriminating evidence”: Kerr, p. 449–50.
625 “The strength… negligible”: “Taiwan, June 1960,” FBI file MORI Doc ID: 10975, Case No. 85-601, Document No. 14, from the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library. (Material furnished to the author by the Department of Justice in response to Freedom of Information Act inquiry.)
625 “national emergency… rendered”: P’eng Ming-min, “Public Offences in Taiwan: Laws and Problems,” The China Quarterly, July–September 1971, pp. 471–93.
626 “French recognition… leadership”: Library of Congress, Clare Boothe Luce papers, Box 220, Folder 3, Madame Chiang Kai-shek to Clare Bo
othe Luce.
626 “tiptoed gently… community”: “The Return of Missimo,” Newsweek, November 6, 1965, pp. 22–23.
626 “I think… world”: John Sibley, “Mrs. Chiang Kai-shek Urges Attack on Red China, The New York Times, August 30, 1965.
627 “many of… friends”: “Mrs. Chiang Flying to U.S.,” The New York Times, August 23, 1965.
627 “cheery… further”: Sibley, “Mrs. Chiang Kai-shek Urges Attack on Red China.”
627 “warmongering statement… years”: I-te Chen, “Mrs. Chiang’s Plea for Attack on China,” The New York Times, September 7, 1965.
627 “Many-Sided Empress… belle”: “Many-Sided Empress,” The New York Times, September 4, 1965.
628 “triumphantly”: John Sibley, “Chinatown Hails Mrs. Chiang’s Visit,” The New York Times, September 6, 1965.
628 “wedge of… hustled”: Sibley, “Chinatown Hails Mrs. Chiang’s Visit.”
628 “What does… world”: “Many-Sided Empress,” The New York Times, September 4, 1965.
628 “once familiar… China”: John W. Finney, “Out of the Past—Mrs. Chiang,” The New York Times, September 12, 1965.
629 “10 Most… World”: Bart Barnes, “Madame Chiang Kai-shek Dies, Chinese Chief’s Powerful Widow,” The Washington Post, October 25, 2003.
629 “It will… forgotten”: Finney, “Out of the Past—Mrs. Chiang.”
629 “very curt… aid”: Columbia University Library, COHO, Washington Press Club Project, Sarah McClendon, pp. 92–93.
629 “no matter… defensive”: Hanson W. Baldwin, “Chiang Says War in Vietnam Can’t Be Won There,” The New York Times, November 12, 1965.
629 “She [Moore]… duties”: DeLong, p. 218.
630 “allergic to… spices”: WCA: Letter Colonel H. L. Soong to Margaret Clapp, November 26, 1965.
630 “ambivalent thinking”: “Mrs. Chiang at Wellesley,” The New York Times, December 8, 1965.
630 “a kind… anti-communism”: “The Wellesley Graduate Who Became Taiwan’s First Lady,” The Week, November 7, 2003.
630 “distinguished leadership… communism”: “Lafayette Order to Give Awards Dec. 15 at Plaza,” The New York Times, November 28, 1965.
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