procession of amassing the assembly: 大衆相送 [daishu sōsō].
profundity: 奧玄 [ōgen], literally, inner subtlety.
prose: 長行 [jōgō], literally, long line.
protect: 守護す [shugo-su].
provisional name: 虚名 [komyō], literally, hollow name.
Puhua: 普化 [Fuke]. Ca. ninth century, China. Dharma heir of Panshan Baoji, Nanyue Line. Lived in Zhen Region (Hebei). A friend of Linji, he was known for eccentric conduct such as making a cartwheel and overturning tables at feasts provided by donors. Known as “one who has a head but no tail.” The Japanese Fuke School of Zen, which incorporates playing shakuhachi flute music with meditation practice, is named after Puhua.
pure action(s): See action(s), pure.
Pure Land: 淨土 [jōdo]. 1. A pristine world, free from delusion, where buddhas and bodhisattvas abide. 2. Paradise in the western direction where Amitābha Buddha presides.
purification, dharma of: 淨法 [jōhō].
pushing others:
Pusya: 弗沙 [Fusha/Hossha]. Shākyamuni Buddha made offerings in his former lifetime to many Buddhas with this name.
Puyuan: See Nanquan Puyuan.
Qi’an: See Yanguan Qi’an.
Qianfeng: See Yuezhou Qianfeng.
Qici: See Budai.
Qinfeng: See Baizhao Zhiyuan.
Qingliao: See Changlu Qingliao.
Qinglin Shiqian: See Dongshan Shiqian.
Qingyuan: See Fuyan Qingyuan.
Qingyuan Xingsi: 靑原行思 [Seigen Gyōshi]. d. 740, China. Dharma heir of Sixth Ancestor Huineng. Abbot of Jingju Monastery, Mount Qingyuan, Ji Region (Jiangxi). Students included Shitou Xiqian. Regarded as founder of the Qingyuan Line, from which the Caodong, Yunmen, and Fayan schools derived. His posthumous name is Great Master Hongji, 弘濟禪師 [Kōsai Zenji].
Qingzhu: See Shishuang Qingzhu.
Quanhuo: See Yantou Quanhuo.
quarters, individual: 單寮 [tanryō]. Private quarters in a monastery.
quarters, other: 諸寮 [shoryō].
question: 問處 [monsho], literally, point of inquiry. Question: 問著 [monjaku], 問頭 [montō]. 著 [chaku/jaku] and 頭 [tō] are both suffixes. 擬議 す [gigi-su], literally, discuss.
quiescent, heart is: 得胸襟無事了 [toku kyōkin buji ryō], literally, getting the chest and lapels not eventful.
quietude: 悄然の機 [shōzen no ki], literally, opportunity of being quiet.
Radiant Light: 光明 [Kōmyō]. Thirty-seventh fascicle of this book.
radiate light, cause the land to: 國土放光 [kokudo hōkō].
Rāhula: 羅睺羅 [Ragora]. Son of Siddhārtha before he became Shākyamuni Buddha. His mother was Princess Yashodharā. When the Buddha visited the Shākya Clan, Rāhula became a novice. Later he became one of the ten great disciples. Known for strict observance of the precepts.
raise it overhead: 戴著 [taijaku]. 著 [chaku/jaku] is a suffix.
raise one’s eyebrows: 揚眉 [yōbi].
Rājagriha: 王舍城 [Ōsha Jō], literally, king’s city of residence. Capital city of the ancient Indian kingdom Magadha. Much of Shākyamuni Buddha’s teaching activity took place around this city.
rank, monk’s: 出家位 [shukke’i].
rank, true person of no: 無位眞人 [mui shinnin].
Ranks, Five: 五位 [goi]. Dongshan Liangjie’s theory of understanding reality, which consists of two elements: C. zheng 正 [shō] and pian, 偏 [hen]. Zheng, literally, correct or upright, can be translated here as oneness, real, general, complete, universal, noumenal, or absolute. Pian, literally, eccentric or one-sided, can be interpreted as differentiation, apparent, special, partial, particular, phenomenal, or relative. Dongshan’s original theory consists of: (1) pian within zheng, (2) zheng within pian, (3) zheng alone, (4) pian alone, (5) zheng and pian together. There are also later versions of the Five Ranks.
rarity of meeting, extreme: 難値難遇 [nanchi nangū].
Ratnachūda: 寶髻 [Hōkei], literally, Crest (hair). One of the Buddhas to whom Shākyamuni Buddha made offerings in his former life.
reach one thing: 一法通 [ippō tsū].
read, silently: 念 [nen].
Reading a Sūtra: 看經 [Kankin]. Twenty-second fascicle of this book.
readiness of those who hear it, in response to the: 機縁に逗す [kien ni zu-su].
reading, single path of silently: 一條の念底 [ichijō no nentei].
real: 正 [shō], literally, true; right. 實 [jitsu], literally, genuine. 眞實 [shinjitsu], literally, genuine and true.
reality: 實相 [jissō], literally, true form; genuine forms. 眞實相 [shinjitsu sō], literally, true and genuine form.
reality, enter: 入理門 [nyūri mon].
reality, mudrā of: 實相印 [jissōin].
reality, open up: 發眞 [hosshin].
reality, scale of: 實相量 [jissōryō].
reality, three treasures that are the essence of: See treasures that are the essence of reality, three.
reality as it is: 如是實相 [nyoze jissō].
reality of all things: 諸法實相 [shohō jissō]. Things as they are, which are not outside of ultimate truth. Cf. Lotus Sūtra, “Skillful Means”: Only a buddha and a buddha can finally master the reality of all things.
Reality of All Things, The: 諸相實相 [Shohō Jissō]. Fifty-first fascicle of this book.
realization: 證 [shō]. Body and mind experience of reality; enlightenment. 證著 [shōjaku], literally, realization completed. 悟/さとり [go/satori], enlightenment. 覺 [kaku], 覺智 [kakuchi], awakening, understanding. 現成 [genjō], actualization, actualizing the fundamental point. 機 [ki], insightful flashes. 現前 [genzen], manifesting right in front. See also pāramitā.
realization, before or after: 機先機後 [kisen kigo]. Beyond the moment of having insight flashes. See also realization.
realization, enter: 入證 [nisshō], 得入 [tokunyū].
realization, fruit of: 證實 [shōjitsu].
realization, immediate: 直證 [jikishō].
realization, in: 證上 [shōjō], literally, on top of realization.
realization, intimate: 密證 [misshō].
realization, mark of: 證相 [shōsō].
realization, merge with: 證契(す). [shōkai(-su)].
realization, original: 本證 [honshō].
realization, receive: 證嗣 [shōshi], literally, inherit realization.
realization, receive through: 證傳 [shōden]. Inherit dharma upon being enlightened.
realization, seal of: 印證 [inshō]. Seal of enlightenment; certification of realization.
realization, wholeness of: 同證 [dōshō]. One realization, literally, same realization.
realization itself: 證則 [shōsoku], literally, realizing a case (of kōan).
realization thought: 會量 [eryō].
realization without a teacher: 無師獨悟 [mushi dokugo]. Usually means self-proclaimed enlightenment, which is cautioned against in the Zen School. In Dōgen’s usage, a teacher’s selfless realization and a student’s selfless realization completely merge.
realization without self: 無自獨悟 [muji dokugo]. See also realization without a teacher.
realize. See also accept.
realize and manifest: 修證現成 [shushō genjō], literally, actualize practice and realization.
realm: 田地 [denchi], literally, rice field land.
realm, human: 人道 [nindō].
realm, person in the ultimate: 究竟人 [kukyōnin].
realm beyond
realm of beyond merging: 不回互 [fuego], literally, not turn each other.
realms of sentient beings, nine: 九道 [kudō]. Favorable realms where sentient beings abide: human realm, four realms in the form realm, and four in the no-form realm.
realms, all: 彌界 [mikai].
realms, three: 三界 [sangai], roughly meaning the entire world of phenomena and beyond. (1) Desire realm, 欲界 [yokukai], including
the six paths. (2) Form realm, 色界 [shikikai], of those who are free from desire. (3) Formless realm, 無色界 [mushikikai], of those who have attained the highest worldly mental states through meditative exercises.
realms, visible and invisible: 冥陽 [meiyō].
reborn as a wild fox: 墮野狐身 [da yakoshin], literally, fall into a wild fox body.
receive: 稟受(す) [bonju(-su)]. Respectfully receive.
receive, intimately: 密受 [mitsuju].
receive instructions: 請參す [shinsan-su], literally, ask for study (with the teacher).
receive the entire earth: 大地全收 [daichi zenshū].
Receiving the Marrow by Bowing: 禮拜得髓 [Raihai Tokuzui]. Ninth fascicle of this book.
Receiving the Precepts: 受戒 [Jukai]. Ninety-fifth fascicle of this book.
recent member of the community: 後生 [goshō], literally, born later.
receptive samādhi: See samādhi, receptive.
recitation hall: 看經堂 [kankindō].
recitation of a gāthā: 梵音 [bonnon], literally, Indian sound.
recognize, fully: 錯認 [shakunin], literally, recognize mistakenly. See also mistake after mistake.
recognize it even though you are facing it, not: 對面不相識 [taimen fu sōshiki], literally, to face but not know each other.
recognize the thief as one’s own child: 認賊爲子 [ninzoku ishi].
Record within the Forests: Linjian-lu, 林間録 [Rinkan-roku]. Collection of Zen Buddhist stories edited by Jiaofan Huihong, also called Shimen, of the Linji School, China. Published in 1107. “Forests” represent monasteries.
red, brilliant: 赤赤 [shakushaku], literally, red and red.
reflect: 回光す[ekō-su], literally, turn around the light. Reflect: 照顧 [shōko], literally, illuminate back. 嘗觀す [shōkan-su], literally, taste and observe.
Refrain from Unwholesome Action: 諸惡莫作 [Shoaku Makusa]. Eleventh fascicle of this book.
Refrain from unwholesome actions. Do wholesome actions: 諸惡莫作 衆善奉行 [shoaku makusa, shuzen bugyō]. The Seven Original Buddhas’ precepts take this imperative form. According to Dōgen’s interpretation, in practice within realization it is not possible to be engaged in unwholesome actions, and wholesome actions are invariably carried out. See also wholesome; unwholesome.
refresh oneself: 點心 [tenjin], literally, lighten the mind. Also, snack.
refuge, take: 敬禮 [kyōrai], literally, respect and bow.
Regulations for the Auxiliary Cloud Hall at the Kannondōri Kōshō Gokoku Monastery: 觀音導利興聖護國寺重雲堂式 [Kannondōri Kōshō Gokoku-ji Jū’undō Shiki]. Fifth fascicle of this book.
rejoicing, extraordinary oneness of: 特地一條の歡喜 [tokuchi ichijō no kangi].
rejoicing, fully: 遍歡喜 [hen kangi].
relationships, all: 萬縁 [ban’en], literally, ten thousand conditions.
relevant, not: 不用得 [fuyōtoku], literally, not able to use.
relics: 舍利 [shari].
remain free of administrative duties: 薙草の繁務なし [chisō no hammu nashi], literally, no busy duty of cutting weed.
Renyong: See Baoning Renyong.
repent: 發露 [hotsuro], literally, begin to reveal.
repentance: 修懺 [shusan], literally, practice repentance.
repentance, formal: 禮拜懺悔 [raihai zange], literally, bow and repent.
replace the tail with the head: 以頭換尾 [itō kambi].
replete with: 受用(す) [juyō-(su)], literally, receive and utilize. Be fulfilled, be enriched. Experience receptive samādhi.
resource: 智略 [chiryaku], literally, wisdom and plan.
respond: 感應 [kannō].
respond, invisibly: 冥感 [myōkan].
respond, not: 無對を拈す [mutai wo nen-zu], literally, take up no answer.
response, mistaken: 錯對 [shakutai].
result: 報業 [hōgō], literally, reward of action. 所感 [shokan], literally, what is experienced. 賞 [shō], literally, award.
result received in a lifetime after the next: 順後次受 [jungoji ju].
result received in the next lifetime: 順次生受 [junjishō ju].
result received in this lifetime: 順現法受 [jungenhō ju].
retired officers: 勤舊 [gonkyū].
retreat: 掩室 [enshitsu], literally, close the room.
return to be a sentient being: 還作衆生 [gen sa shujō].
return to the source and manifest a buddha body: 從本垂迹 [jūhon suijaku].
return to the source and origin: 還源返本 [gengen hempon].
returning once, fruit of: 斯陀含果 [shiidagon ka]. 斯陀含[shiidagon] is a transliteration of Skt. sakrid āgamin, once coming. 果 [ka] means fruit. One who is reborn once to be enlightened. Second of the four stages of becoming an arhat.
reveal: 露 [ro].
reveal each other: 相顯 [sōken].
revered, deeply: 大尊貴生 [taison kisei]. Having great value, magnificent. The last ideograph, sei, is a suffix with no special meaning.
reward, meritorious: 福報 [fukuhō].
reward, true: 實報 [jippō].
reward body: See buddha body.
rice cake: 餅 [mochii].
rice cake, painted: 畫餅 [gabyō]. 1. Xiangyan said, “A painting of a rice cake does not satisfy hunger.” This is usually interpreted as “studying words and letters does not help one to realize ultimate truth.” 2. Dōgen’s interpretation is that words and letters as an expression of enlightenment cannot be separated from the ultimate truth. Thus, “painted rice cake” means an expression of enlightenment. See also fascicle 41, “Painting of a Rice Cake.”
rice plants, flax, bamboo, or reed, widely spread: 稻麻竹葦 [tōma chikui]. A great number of things.
rice water: 漿 [konzu].
rice, husking: 米白 [bei haku].
rice, satisfied with cooked: 飯足 [han soku].
ride the buddha hall upside down and move in a circle: 倒騎佛殿打一匝 [tōki butsuden ta issō].
ride the robber’s horse to chase the robber: 騎賊馬逐賊 [ki zokuba chiku zoku].
right now: 而今 [nikon]. This particular moment, here and now.
right now, all-inclusively: 蓋時節 [gai jisetsu], literally, cover the time period.
right path limb, eightfold: 八正道支 [hasshōdō shi]. See fascicle, “Thirty-seven Wings of Enlightenment.”
right shoulder uncovered: 偏袒右肩 [hendan uken].
right to the point: 是 [ze], literally, this, correct, right.
Rinzai School: 臨濟宗 [Rinzai Shū]. Japanese form of Linji School. One of the two major schools of Japanese Zen Buddhism. Myōan Eisai is regarded as founder. In the eighteenth century this school was revitalized by Hakuin, a dharma descendent of Xutang Zhiyu.
ritual: Skt., karman. Transliteration: 羯摩 [komma]. Manners. Precept transmission ceremony.
Rivers, Four: 四瀆 [shitoku]. Great rivers of China: the Yangzi, the Yellow, the Zhun, and the Ji.
rivers, four great: 四大河 [sh daiga]. Mythological rivers in general.
road, inconceivable: 玄路 [genro], literally, subtle path.
robe: 衣衫 [esan]. E is kashāya, and san is upper robe. Represents an entire garment.
robe, antarvāsa: Skt. 安呾婆娑衣 [andabasha]. Inner robe.
robe, brocade: 金襴衣 [kinran’e]. The robe that is said to have been handed from Shākyamuni Buddha to Mahākāshyapa and from Mahākāshyapa to Ānanda.
robe, combined: 直裰 [jikitotsu], 裰子 [tossu]. One-piece robe. Upper robe (jacket) and lower robe (skirt) combined.
robe, dharma: 法衣 [hōe].
robe, double: 重複衣 [jūfuku e]. See also robe, sanghātī.
robe, great: 大衣 [dai e]. See also robe, sanghātī.
robe, informal: 小衣 [shōe], literally, small robe.
robe, inner: 内衣 [nai e]. See robe, antarvāsa.
rob
e, lay: 俗服 [zokufuku].
robe, less formal: 中衣 [chū e], literally, middle robe.
robe, outer: 上衣 [jōe], literally, high robe. Uttarasangha robe.
robe, patched. See also kashāya.
robe, pearl sewn inside the: A story in the Lotus Sūtra. A man went to see a dear friend, got drunk, and fell asleep. As a gift, a friend sewed a priceless jewel inside the man’s robe while he was asleep. When the man awoke, he did not notice the pearl, so he never knew he had received this gift.
robe, pure: 淨衣 [jō e]. New or fresh robe.
robe, sanghātī. 僧迦梨衣 [sōngari e], 僧迦胝衣 [sōngaji e] Also called great robe and double robe. A formal robe for visiting and teaching.
robe, shoulder: See kashāya.
robe, single stitch: 單縫 [tanhō].
robe, supreme: 一頂衣 [itchō e], literally, single peak robe.
robe, teaching of the: 衣法 [ehō].
robe, two-piece: 裙褊衫 [kun henzan]. Kun (skirt) and henzan (upper robe) in separate pieces.
robe, under: 下衣 [ge ‘e]. Another name for the inner robe.
robe, uphold the: 頂戴 [chōdai]. Putting the folded kashāya on one’s head before wearing it. Gesture of handling a sacred object.
robe, upper: 褊衫 [hensan], 衫 [san]. Jacket, day robe, upper robe.
robe, uttarāsangha: Skt. 嗢呾羅僧伽衣 [uttarasōgya’e]. See robe, outer.
robe, work: 作務衣 [samu e].
robe beyond form: 無相衣 [musō e], literally, a robe of no-form.
robe of a field of benefaction: 福田衣 [fukuden ‘e].
robe of compassion: 慈悲衣 [jihi e].
robe of discarded cloth: 糞掃衣 [funzō e], literally, robe of excrement-cleaning cloth.
robe of emancipation: 解脱服 [gedappuku]. Robe of liberation.
robe of patience: 忍辱衣 [ninniku e].
robe of the Tathāgata: 如來衣 [Nyorai e].
robes, black and white: 緇白 [shihaku]. Black robes worn by home leavers and white robes worn by lay practitioners.
rock, dissolve a: 消石 [shōseki].
rock hanging in emptiness, a piece of: 空裏一片石 [kū ri ippen seki].
rolling the pearl and turning the jewel: 玉轉珠迴 [gyokuten shukai].
Rooster-Foot, Mount: Skt., Kukkutapada. 雞足山 [Keisoku San]. Located in southeast of Gayā (Brahmā Gayā), in the country of Magadha, ancient India. Known as the place where Mahākāshyapa engaged in ascetic practice and also passed away.
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