root: 根源 [kongen], literally, root and source.
root, branch, and beyond: 本末究竟 [hommatsu kukyō], literally, root, branch, and the ultimate realm.
root, capacity, awakening, and the noble path: 根力覺道 [kon riki kaku dō]. The [fivefold] root, the [fivefold] power, the limbs of enlightenment, and the noble path.
root, unwholesome: 罪根 [zaikon], literally, root of crime.
root, wholesome: 善根 [zenkon].
root or branch: 本末 [hommatsu].
roots, six sense: See organs, six sense.
rough, pretty: 大麁生 [taisosei]. 生 [sei] is a suffix with no special meaning.
round cushion: 蒲團 [futon]. Also 坐蒲 [zafu]. A cushion for sitting zazen. Nowadays in Zen, futon indicates a rectangular sitting mat.
Ruchi Buddha: See Buddha, Ruchi.
Ruizhu Shaoli: 瑞竹紹理 [Zuichiku Shōri]. Ca. eleventh–twelfth century, China. Dharma heir of Xingjiao Dan, Linji School. A teacher of Dahui Zonggao.
Rujing: See Tiantong Rujing.
Rules for Zazen: 坐禪儀 [Zazen Gi]. Fifty-eighth fascicle of this book.
Ruman: See Fuguang Ruman.
run barefoot: 赤脚走 [shakkyaku sō].
ryō: J. See liang.
Ryōkan: 良觀. Ca. twelfth–thirteenth century, Japan. Also known as, 良顯 [Ryōken] according to an early biography. Dōgen’s uncle. A monk of the Tendai School who practiced in a hermitage on Mount Hihei.
Ryūzen: 隆禪. Ca. twelfth–thirteenth century, Japan. Originally a student of Myōan Eisai. Monk who was practicing at Tiantong Monastery before and during the time Dōgen practiced there. Further biography unknown.
Sacred Monk: See Monk, Sacred.
sage: 聖人 [seijin], literally, sacred person.
sage, ancient: 先聖 [senshō]. 先哲 [sentetsu], literally, early wise one. 先徳 [sentoku], literally, early virtuous one.
sage, constantly being a: 常聖 [jōshō].
sage, emerge as regional: 應迹 [ōjaku], literally, appear in response (to the need of people in the region).
sage, enlightened: 證果の賢聖 [shōka no kenshō], literally, wise one and sage with fruit of realization.
sage, great: 大聖 [daishō].
sages, seven or ten: 七聖十聖 [shichishō jisshō]. Those who are in one of the seven stages of practice in early Buddhism; also called 七賢 [shichiken]. Or, those in one of the ten stages [jisshō]. See also bodhisattvas of the ten stages and three classes.
Sahā World: Skt. 娑婆世界 [shaba sekai], 娑婆國土 [shaba kokudo]. The cosmos within the reach of Shākyamuni Buddha’s teaching, literally, world of endurance, referring to the hardship of inhabitants, which requires the development of patience. Sūtras say that there are a billion such worlds, each consisting of Mount Sumeru and the Four Continents that surround it.
saindhava: Skt. 仙陀婆 [sendaba]. Meaning variously, salt, vessel, water, and horse. According to the Mahā Pari-nirvāna Sūtra, when a king asked his retainers to bring saindhava, a wise retainer understood which saindhava the king referred to without receiving further explanation. Thus, saindhava indicates direct communication.
salt and vinegar, not short of: 不曾闕鹽醋 [fuzō ketsu enso].
samādhi: Skt. Transliteration: 三昧 [sammai]. Translation: 定 [jō], literally, stability. Concentration; serene, settled, and collected state of body and mind in meditation.
samādhi, dharma-nature: 法性三昧 [hosshō zammai].
samādhi, diamond: 金剛定 [kongō jō].
samādhi, practice of: 定學 [jōgaku], literally, study of samādhi. One of the three learnings: precepts, samādhi, and prajñā.
samādhi, receptive: 自受用三昧 [jijuyū zammai], literally, self receiving and utilizing samādhi. The buddha’s realizing and utilizing the joy of samādhi. Contrasted with tajuyū zammai— extending samādhi for helping other beings.
samādhi, serene subtle: 安詳三昧 [anshō zammai].
samādhi, shūrangama: 首楞嚴定 [shuryōgon jō]. Taught in Shūrangama Sūtra. A method of meditation for swiftly removing defilement and attaining enlightment.
samādhi, sit in: 坐定 [zajō].
samādhi and pull them out with wisdom, move delusions in: 定動智拔 [jōdō chibatsu.]
samādhis in formlessness, four: 四無色定 [shimushiki jō].
Samantabhadra: 普賢 [Fugen]. Bodhisattva of awakened practice. An image of this bodhisattva, along with that of Mañjushrī, often accompanies that of Shākamuni Buddha.
Samyuta Āgama Sūtras: 雜阿含經 [Zō Agon Kyō]. Collection of miscellaneous and short sūtras in early Buddhist tradition.
sand, count grains of: 算沙 [sansha]. Fully depend on scriptures.
sand, offer: According to the King Ashoka Sūtra, Buddha and Ānanda were on the road begging one day when they came upon two young boys playing with sand. One of the boys was deeply taken with Buddha’s deportment. Urged by a strong wish to offer something, he placed a handful of sand—the only thing he had—into the Buddha’s begging bowl. The Buddha made the prediction that the boy would be born in his next life as King Ashoka and be a great supporter of buddha dharma.
sandals, change: 換鞋 [kan’ai].
sandals, straw: 草鞋 [sōai]. Represents nonintellectual understanding.
sandals and socks: 鞋襪 [aibetsu].
sands of the Ganges: See Ganges, sands of the.
sangha: Skt. 僧迦 [sōgya]. A practitioners’ community. Universal community of dharma practitioners. See also treasures, three.
sangha āsanika: Skt. 僧迦僧泥 [sanka sunnai]. Skt. Āsanika is a meal. The single meal taken once a day by the sangha, or practitioners’ community. One of the ascetic practices engaged in by Mahākāshyapa.
sangha naishadika: Skt. 僧泥沙者傴 [sunnai sashaku]. Not to lie down day or night, but to practice walking meditation and sleep sitting up. One of the twelve ascetic practices engaged in by Mahākāshyapa.
Sanghānandi: 僧伽難提 [Sōgyanandai]. A prince of King Ratnavyuha in the city of Shrāvastī, Kingdom of Kaushala. He could speak soon after his birth and kept praising the Buddha’s teaching. In his youth, he was allowed to leave the household and study with monk Dhyanartha while staying in the palace. But he left the palace at night and became a wandering monk. He became the Seventeenth Ancestor in the Zen tradition.
Sanping Yizhong: 三平義忠 [Sampei Gichū]. 781–872, China. Dharma heir of Dadian Baotong, Nanyue Line. Taught at Mount Sanping, Zhang Region (Fujian).
Sansheng Huiran: 三聖慧然 [Sanshō Enen]. Ca. ninth–tenth century. Linji School. After becoming a dharma heir of Linji Yixuan, visited and studied with Yangshan, Deshan, and Xuefeng. Taught at Sansheng Monastery, Zhen Region (Hebei). Traditionally regarded as the compiler of the Record of Linji. On his deathbed, Linji is said to have claimed that his teaching would perish with this “blind donkey” (Sansheng).
Sanskrit: 梵 [Bon].
Sarvārthadarsha: 見一切儀 [Ken’issaigi]. A number of Buddhas of this name to whom Shākyamuni Buddha made offerings in one of his former lives.
Sarvastivāda School: 有部 [ubu]. Abbreviation of 説一切有部 [Setsu Issai Ubu], literally, group of those who insist that all things exist. The most influential school in early Buddhism.
save sentient beings: 救生 [gushō].
say quickly: 速道 [sokudō].
say something (about oneself): 一句を道取す [ikku wo dōshusu], literally, express one phrase.
scale: 量 [ryō]. Measurement. See also balancing scale.
scholars with extensive knowledge: 恒沙の遍學 [gōsha no hengaku], literally, study as extensive as the innumerable sands of the Ganges.
Schools, Five: 五宗 [Goshū]. 五家 [goke], literally, five houses. 五門 [gomon], literally, five gates. The major schools of Zen Buddhism after the late Tang Dynasty China: Fayan, Guiyang, Caodong, Yunmen, and Linji schools. Dōgen denies that these schools offer separate teachings.
Scho
ols, Nine: 九宗 [kushū]. A classification of Buddhist schools: (1) Kosha [Kusha] School, based on Abhidharma-kosha Treatise by Vasubandhu; (2) Satyasiddhi [Jōjitsu] School, based on Satyasiddhi Treatise by Harivarman; (3) Precept [Ritsu] School; (4) Three Treatises [Sanron] School, based on Nāgārjuna’s Mādhyamika Treatise and Twelve Gate Treatise, as well as Āryadeva’s One Hundred Treatises; (5) Tiantai [Tendai] School; (6) Avatamsaka [Kegon] School; (7) Dharma-lakshana [Hossō] School; (8) Mantra [Shingon] School, and (9) Zen School.
scriptural school: 教家 [kyōke]. Zen Buddhist way of naming other schools of Buddhism whose teaching is based on specific sūtras or treatises. Zen Buddhists explain that Zen teaching is based directly on Shākyamuni Buddha’s enlightenment without depending upon any particular sūtras. This theory is described as “transmission outside of scriptures.”
scriptural school, view of: 聽教の解 [chōkyō no ge].
scripture-burning platform: 焚經臺 [hunkyō dai].
scriptures, net of: 教網 [kyōmō].
scriptures, teachings of Buddhist: 教籍 [kyōjaku], literally, teaching text.
scriptures, transmission outside of: See transmission outside of scriptures.
scroll, yellow: 黄卷 [ōkan].
seal of approval: 印可 [inka].
seal of realization: See realization, seal of.
seal, buddha: See buddha seal.
seal, intimate: 密印 [mitsuin]. Person-to-person confirmation of enlightenment.
seal, mind: 心印 [shin’in]. Confirmation of the merging of the minds of teacher and disciple.
seamless tower: A standing-egg-shaped one-piece tombstone for home leavers.
Seas, Eight: 八海 [hakkai]. See also Continents, Four.
Seas, Four: 四海 [shikai]. Seas in all quarters, representing the world.
seasonal greetings: 寒暄 [kanken], literally, cold or warm.
seat, ancestral: 祖席 [soseki].
seat, diamond: 金剛座 [kongōza]. The name for the seat beneath the bodhi tree where Shākyamuni Buddha was sitting when he attained enlightenment.
seat, teaching: 師子座 [shishi za], literally, lion seat.
secluded area: 結界 [kekkai], literally, bound realm.
Second Guishan: See Changqing Da’an.
second next lifetime: 第三生 [daisan shō], literally, the third birth.
second person: 第二人 [daini nin].
secondary: 第二 [daini].
secondary, fall into the: 落第二頭 [raku daini tō].
secretary of the monastery: 書記 [shoki].
see: 見る[miru]. Direct experience without separation between subject and object.
see beyond seeing: 覰不見 [cho fuken], literally, see not see.
see buddha:見佛 [kembutsu]. Realize buddha beyond the dualism of seeing and seen, subject and object.
see colors with entire ear: 滿耳見色 [manni kenshiki].
see spring in a branch of plum blossoms: 見梅梢春 [ken bai shō shun].
see through: 見得 [kentoku].
see through immediately: 急著眼 [kyū chakugan].
seed, bloom, and fall: 種熟脱 [shu juku datsu].
seed, wholesome: 善種 [zenshu].
Seeing Others’ Minds: 他心通 [Tashin Tsū]. Eightieth fascicle of this book. See also miraculous powers, six.
Seeing the Buddha: 見佛 [Kembutsu]. Sixty-first fascicle of this book.
seeing, way of: 見處 [genjo], literally, point of seeing.
seek eloquence beyond words: 言外求巧 [gonge gukō].
seek, nothing to: 無處覓 [mushomyaku], literally, no place to seek.
self: [jiko] 自己. 1. Ego as an independent and permanent entity. 我 [ga]. Buddhism denies the existence of self in this sense. See also skandhas, five. 2. A person. 自家 [jike], literally, one’s house. 3. A person who has realized selflessness that is not separate from the universe. True self. See also self, original.
self, chase things and make them into the: 逐物爲己 [chikumotsu iko].
self, heavenly: 自己天 [jikoten], literally, self heaven. Highest self.
self, original: 本分人 [hombun nin], literally, person of original share. 1. Same as original face. 2. 本我 [honga], a non-Buddhist idea of permanent, universal self.
self, radiant light of the: 自己光明 [jiko kōmyō].
self, scheming: 計我 [keiga].
self, view of a permanent: 常見 [jōken].
self, without a permanent and independent: 無我 [muga].
self, without an abiding: われにあらさる [ware ni ara zaru].
self and make it into things, chase the: 逐己爲物 [chikuko imotsu].
self and other: 自他 [jita].
self-awakening: 自覺 [jikaku]. Also, self awareness.
self-control: 自調 [jichō].
self-deception: 自熱瞞 [jinetsuman].
self-direction: 自方 [jihō]. All ten directions experienced within the self, at this moment.
self existence: 我有 [gau]. Existence of a permanent “self” according to a non-Buddhist view.
self-interest: 己利 [kori].
Self-Realization Samādhi: 自證三昧 [Jishō Zammai]. Seventy-fifth fascicle of this book.
Sengcan: See Jianzhi Sengcan.
Sengmi: See Shenshan Sengmi.
senior disciple: 上足 [jōsoku], literally, high feet.
senior monk: 具壽 [guju], literally, equipped with long life.
senior nun: 尼師 [nishi], literally, nun teacher.
senior student: 勤舊前資 [gonkyū zenshi]. One who has served as a monastery officer; retired officer.
seniority in ordination date: 戒臘 [kai rō].
sense organs: 諸根 [shokon], literally, various roots. See also organs, six sense.
senses, six: 六情 [rokujō].
sentient: 情 [jō].
sentient beings: See beings, sentient.
sentient beings that are numberless, vow to save: 衆生無邊誓願度 [shujō muuhen seigan do].
separate, not: 無對 [mtai], literally, not facing.
serene: 寂靜 [jakujō].
serenely composed: 安穩 [annon].
serve: 勤恪(す) [gonkaku(-su)], literally, work respectfully. Also, endeavor.
set aside: 放捨す [hōsha-su], literally, let go and throw away.
set up: 施設(す) [sesetsu(-su)]. Structure; present; guide; explain.
settle the great matter of the way: 大道を決擇す [daidō wo ketsujaku-su], literally, make a selection and decision on the great way.
settling point: 治象 [chishō], literally, sign of (peaceful) governing.
Seven Original Buddhas: See Buddhas, Seven Original.
seven paths vertical and eight paths horizontal: 七縱八横 [shichijū hachiō]. Free in countless ways.
shaku: J. 尺. Measuring unit. Ten sun.
Shākya Clan: 釋 [Shaku]. Based in the ancient kingdom of Kapilavastu. Shākyamuni Buddha, who came from this clan, encouraged many of its members to practice dharma.
Shākya Clan, one thousand members of the: 千釋 [sen Shaku].
Shākya Clan, twenty thousand members of the: 二萬釋 [niman Shaku].
Shākyamuni Buddha: See Buddha, Shākyamuni. shamatha and vipashyanā: Skt. 止觀 [shikan]. Literally, stopping (shi) and observing (kan). The technique of sitting meditation, consisting of calming the mind (shamatha) and analytical introspection or insight (vipashyanā). Not to be confused with shikan taza (see just sit).
Shānavāsin: 商那和修 [Shōnawashu]. Monk from Mathurā, central northern India. Received dharma from Ānanda. Third Indian Ancestor of the Zen tradition.
Shanhui: See Jiashan Shanhui.
Shānta: 善寂 [Zenjaku], literally, Wholesome Serenity. Shākyamuni Buddha made offerings in his former lifetime to sixty-two Buddhas with this name.
Shanzhao: See Fenyang Shanzhao.
Shaoli: See Ruizhu Shaoli.
Shaolin Temple: Situated on Mount Song (Hena
n), China, where Bodhidharma sat facing the wall for nine years.
Shāriputra: Skt., literally, heron child, child of Shāri (his mother’s name); sometimes interpreted as relic child. Transliteration: 舍利弗 [Sharihotsu]. Translation: 鶖子 [Shūji], literally, heron child; 身子 [Shinshi], literally, body (relic) child. Combination of transliteration and translation: 舍利子 [Sharishi]. Regarded as the best listener among disciples of the Buddha. Many sūtras take the form of the Buddha delivering discourses to him; and Devadatta; addressed by Buddha; practice of; wisdom of; words of.
shashu: J. 叉手. A mindful way of holding hands on the chest. One hand covers the other, inner hand closed in a fist. In traditional Chinese way, the left hand covers the right fist. The current Sōtō way is the right hand over the left. This hand position is used in walking or standing when one’s hands are not in gasshō.
Shenguang. See also Dazu Huike.
Shenshan Sengmi: 神山僧密 [Shinzan Sōmitsu]. Ca. eighth–ninth century, China. Dharma heir of Yunyan Tansheng, Qingyuan Line. Traveled for twenty years with his dharma junior brother Dongshan Liangjie. A number of their dialogues have beeen recorded. Dongshan’s students respectfully called him Dharma Uncle Mi (Mi Shibo).
Shenxiu: See Yuquan Shenxiu.
Shenying: See Dingshan Shenying.
Shexian Guixing: 葉縣歸省 [Sekken Kisei]. Ca. tenth century, China. Dharma heir of Shoushan Xingnian, Linji School. Taught at Guangjiao Monastery, She Prefecture, Ru Region (Henan). He traveled widely. His teaching style was confrontational, and some of the kōans mention his throwing or breaking things.
Shibei: See Xuansha Shibei.
shielded. 遮 [sha]. Entirely covered. 塞却 [sokukyaku], literally, blocked. 却 [kyaku] is a suffix indicating the completion of action.
Shigong Huizang: 石鞏慧藏 [Shakkyō Ezō]. Ca. eighth century, China. Dharma heir of Mazu Daoyi, Nanyue Line. Previously a hunter, he arrived at Mazu’s while chasing a deer. Taught at Mount Shigong, Fu Region (Jiangxi).
shikan taza: See just sit.
Shimen Huiche: 石門慧徹 [Sekimon Etetsu]. Ca. tenth–eleventh century, China. Dharma heir of Liangshan Yuanguan, Caodong School.
Shingon School: See Mantra School.
Shiqian: See Dongshan Shiqian.
Treasury of the True Dharma Eye Page 123
