Ottoman Odyssey
Page 27
Justice and Development Party see AKP
Kalmegdan Park (Belgrade) 151–2
‘Karagöz and Hacivat’ (shadow theatre show) 95, 184
Kardashian, Kim 70
Kassabova, Kapka
Border: A Journey to the Edge of Europe 166, 258
Kassir, Samir 207
Kaufman, Professor Edy 197–200
Kaufman, Lisa 197–8
Kayaköy (Turkey) 90–2
Kemal Bey, Ali 66–8
KFOR 157
Khoury, Rana 206–7, 208
Klein, Menachem 192, 198, 199
Lives in Common 183–4
Komotini 108, 113–16, 119
Korakou (Cyprus) 89
Koruçam (Kormakitis) (Cyprus) 87
Kos 122–3
Kosovan war 156, 157
Kosovo 142, 156–62
independence (2008) 161
landscape 157
Serbian control 156
and Turkey 160–3
and Turkish language 159
Kosovo, Battle of (1389) 144–5
Kovacevic, Professor Mehmet 140–1
Krounbi, Rina 212
Kurds
and Armenian genocide 65
PKK conflict with Turkish government 65–6
Turkey-born 62–3
Kusturica, Emir 143, 146, 147–50
Ladino (Sephardic Spanish) language 60
language 236–40
lost 238
and memleket 235–6, 238
as a powerful tool of identity 237–9
as unifying force 238–9
see also Turkish language Latin America 199
Latin American Jewish Congress 199
Lebanon 176, 200–26
armed forces 209–10, 213
civil war 200, 218, 219
constitution (1926) 205
control of Arsal by IS 212
and Druze 211, 217–26
French Mandate 205
Jews in 202–3
marriage laws 206–7
minorities and representation of 204–5, 208–9
Ottoman rule 204–5
recognition of religious minorities 176, 213
relationship between Hezbollah and army 211
religious coexistence in Ain Dara 214–17
rise of anti-Semitism 203
Six Day War with Israel (1967) 203
and Tanzimat reforms 202–3
see also Beirut
Lesbos 102, 122, 123, 263
Moria refugee camp 233–4
Levant 21, 226
Levantines 21–3
Lewis, Bernard xix
The Jews of Islam 226–7
Linobambaki 86–7
London
Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities 252–5
Loti, Pierre 95
Maalouf, Amin 22–3, 238–9
Balthasar’s Odyssey 23–4
On Identity 23 8–9
Macedonia 134, 161, 162–4, 165
Maghen Abraham Synagogue (Beirut) 202
Mahmud II, Sultan xx, 179, 210
Majed, Sheikh 223–4
Makarios III, Archbishop 88
Mamusha (Kosovo) 160–1
Mansel, Philip xvii-xviii, 22
Mansour, Sheikh Saleh Abou 220–4
Manukyan, Madame 59
Manzikert, Battle of (1071) 145–6
Mardin 17, 19
Maronites 87, 204–5
Mavi Marmara incident (2010) 190–1
Mazower, Mark 8–9, 105
Mehmet II, Sultan 5
Mehmet IV, Sultan 54
Mehmet Pasa Sokolovic Bridge (Visegrad) see Drina Bridge Mehmet Pasha, Vizier 135–6, 209
Mehmet IV, Sultan 2
Mehmet V, Sultan 133
Mehmet VI, Sultan 5
Melkites 23 memleket 230–65
Messianic Jews 179
Mhanna, Ayman 208–9
Midhat Pasha xx, 208
‘milk siblings’ 197–8
millet system xvii, xviii-xix, 215, 226, 227–8
Milosevic, Slobodan 145
Mladic, Ratko 145
Mohammed al-Amin Mosque (Beirut) 202
Monastirioton Synagogue (Thessaloniki)
50
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley 7–8, 46–7, 68, 210
Montefiore, Simon Sebag 53–4
Moria refugee camp (Lesbos) 233–4
Mosse, Richard 210–11, 220, 223
Mostar (Bosnia and Hercegovina) 131–3, 137
Mourad, Georges
‘Beirut on Stage’ 204–5
muftis 119
Muqaddasi 176
Murad V 89
musevi 62
Muslims
and Greece-Turkey population exchange (1923) 92–5, 99–101, 104, 120, 123, 233, 256
Islamophobia in Bulgaria 168, 169–70
tension between Christians and 143–4
Nahmias, David and Samuel ibn 45
Naime 29
Nasi, Joseph 46
Nasrallah 212
nationalism xxi, 231
Nazi Germany 231
occupation of Thessaloniki 50, 51
Netanyahu, Benjamin 198
Netherlands, Almere refugee camp 234–5
Neve Shalom Synagogue (Istanbul) 42–3, 50
Nicene Creed 16
Nikolas, Yosef 246
Nişanyan, Sevan 259–60
Novi Pazar (Serbia) 152, 153
Nuri 112
Ohrid (Macedonia) 163
Olpak, Mustafa 31
Orwell, George 24
Osman I 5, 44, 267
Ottoman Empire
accommodation of different religions 232–3
constitution (1876) xx
demise of 2
establishment of by Osman (1299) 5
expansion 6
forced assimilation in ‘Turkification’ schools 239
millet system xvii, xviii-xix, 215, 226, 227–8
slavery 26–7
Tanzimat reforms xx-xxi, 179, 183, 202–3, 208, 216
war with Venice (1714) 68
wars with Russia 65, 164
Pact of Minorities 198
Palestine 176
and Balfour Declaration 181–2
famine 182
number of Christians 180
relations with Israel 80
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) 202
Palmers Green (London) 254
Pamuk, Orhan 139, 149, 170
Parthenon 106
Pasha, Nurettin 67–8
patriotism 231, 255
Peja (Kosovo) 157
Peoples’ Democratic Party see HDP Peres, Shimon 190
Persia xviii Peter the Great 27
PKK 65, 66
Podkova (Bulgaria) 171–2
pomegranate 41–2, 84
population exchange (1923) 33, 55, 92–5, 97, 99–101, 104, 120, 1 233, 256
Potamia (Cyprus) 251
Powell, Eve Troutt 28
printing press, establishment of first 45
Prizren (Kosovo) 157–8, 161
Pushkin, Alexander 27
Putin, Vladimir 150
Quakers 223
Ramallah (Palestine) 180–1 rebetiko 94–5
refugee camps 233–5
refugee crisis 96, 103, 165, 168, 232
Republican People’s Party see CHP Rhodes 123
Rizokarpaso (Cyprus) 242–51, 253
Rizos, Seraphaim 256
Rogan, Eugene 204–5
Roxelana (Sultan Hurrem) 26
Russia
and Serbia 150
wars with Ottoman Empire (1828/1878) 65, 164
see also Ottoman Empire
Saad, Sheikh Majed Abou 223–4
Sabbatai Sevi 53–4
al-Sabouni, Marawa 256–7
Sabriye 110–11, 120
Sagalassos (Turkey) 13
Sahovic, Alija 153–6, 236–7
St George Cathedral (Beirut)
201–2
St George Maronite Cathedral (Beirut) 201–2
St James Cathedral (Jerusalem) 187–9
St Lazarus 68
St Panteleimon chapel (Istanbul) 3–4, 75
Saint Sergei Church (Yerevan) 74–5
Saleh, Sheikh 220–6
şalom (magazine) 60
Salonika 48 see also Thessaloniki al-Sabouni, Marwa
Battle for Home 19–20
Sarajevo 134, 137–40
University of 139–42
Sarfati, Rabi Yitzhak 47
Saroyan, Armenak 69
Saroyan, William 69, 84
Inhale and Exhale 69–70, 263
Sassanid Empire xviii Sassoon, Jack 51
Saudi Arabia 162
Sayman,Yusuf 52–3, 55–6
Seeker, Bradley 24, 25–6, 29
Selim the Grim xix-xx, 6, 176
Sephardic Jews 43, 59, 80, 182
and Spanish/Portuguese citizenship 52, 57–9, 80
Serbia 144, 145, 150–6, 236–7
and China 150
conquest by Ottomans 145
Drvengrad 147–8
Ottoman legacy 151
and Russia 150
and Turkey 151–3, 155–6, 159–60
al-Sharabai, Ahmad 211
Shared Dictionary of Cypriot Turkish and Greek Dialects 240–1
Shukri, Hassan 196
şifa, Granny 89–90, 124–9
Sinan, Mimar 6, 83, 132, 135, 165
Sinan Pasha mosque (Prizren) 158
Sinasos (Cappadocia, Anatolia) 93, 256
Skopje (Macedonia) 134, 163–4
slavery 26–8
Smyrna (Izmir) 9, 16, 21–2, 24–6
Sofia (Bulgaria) 164–6
South Africa 80
Soviet Union
occupation of Armenia 72, 74
occupation of Bulgaria 166
Spain
granting of citizenship to Sephardic Jews (2015) 52, 57–9, 80
Stari Most bridge (Mostar) 131–3
Suleiman the Magnificent 6, 26, 46, 132, 151, 176
Süleymaniye mosque (Istanbul) 83
Surname Law (1934) 35, 120
Swan, Abbas 183
Syria 17
transition from French rule 211
Syriac Catholic Church 14–15
Syriac Orthodox Church 14–15, 20
re-appropriation of properties of by Turkish government 20
Syriacs
state persecution of 15
Syrian refugees 96, 101–2
EU-Turkey deal over (2016) 96, 101–2, 104
Syrian war 20, 101
Tabar, Paul 203
Talat Pasha 78
Tanzimat reforms xx-xxi, 179, 183, 202–3, 208, 216
Thessaloniki 8–9, 48–52, 105–6, 255
childhood home of Atatiirk 106–7, 255
dönme community 54–5
Hamza Bey mosque 105
Thrace 105–9
discrimination and persecution of Turkish minority 109, 110–12
TIKA 152, 158, 162
Time of Violence (film) 166–7
Topkapi Palace (Istanbul) 151
Trabzon (Turkey) 123, 243, 244, 245
Traitors’ Club of Cyprus 249–51
Trump, Donald 191–2, 219
Tsipras, Alexis 113
Tsitsernakaberd memorial (Armenia) 76–7
Turkey, Republic of 141
anti-Semitism 43–4, 61
building of mosques/hamams under Erdoğan’s rule 134
and Bulgaria 170
deal with EU over Syrian refugees (2016) 96, 101–2, 104
denial of Armenian genocide 70, 78–81, 186
discrimination against Greek minorities and attempt to expel (1964) 118, 119
failed coup and purges in aftermath (2016) 124, 140, 142, 145, 152, 186, 259
Gezi Park protests against government (2013) 25, 44, 160
HDP enters parliament (June 2015) 207–8
investment and influence in Bosnia-Herzegovina 137, 139–40, 141–2
and Kosovo 160–3
reclaiming legacy of Ottoman past xii-xiv
referendum on Erdoğan gaining executive powers (2017) xii, 170, 171–2
relations with Armenia 71, 79–80
relations with Greece 95, 105–6, 118–20
relations with Israel 190–1
relations with Saudi Arabia 162
Surname Law (1934) 35, 120
Varlik Vergisi tax imposed (1942) 57–8
Turkish Cypriots 36–8
living with Greek Cypriots in London 252–5
Turkish language 158–9
overhaul of by Ataturk 240
Turkish Orthodox Church 100
Turnaoğlu, Banu 192
United States
Armenians in 69
Department of Homeland Security 231
Varlik Vergisi tax 57–8
Visegrad 146
Andricgrad model village 142, 143
see also Drina Bridge
War of Independence (1918–22) 25, 32, 94, 97
Xanthi (Greece) 108, 110–12
Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial centre (Jerusalem) 51
Yahav, Yona 196
Yizidis 73
Yedi Kizlar mosque (Bulgaria) 171
Yeniçiftlik 35
Yerevan (Armenia) 70–81
Genocide Museum 76–8
Saint Sergei Church 74–6
Young Turks 13, 78, 204
Yunnus Emre Institute (Mostar) 137
Zakarian, Cenk 82–3, 83–4
Ziya (Gökmen) 9–14, 121–2
Zorba the Greek (film) 13–14
ALSO BY ALEV SCOTT
Turkish Awakening
OTTOMAN ODYSSEY
Pegasus Books Ltd.
148 West 37th Street, 13th Floor
New York, NY 10018
Copyright © 2019 by Alev Scott
First Pegasus Books hardcover edition May 2019
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ISBN: 978-1-64313-075-0
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