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The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined

Page 131

by Steven Pinker


  six degrees of separation

  Skenazy, Lenore

  skepticism

  slavery

  abolition of

  in American South

  death toll of

  and debt bondage

  first-person accounts of

  history of

  human trafficking

  and Islam

  and religion

  and war

  Slovic, Paul

  Smith, Adam

  The Theory of Moral Sentiments

  Smith, John Maynard

  Smoot-Hawley Act

  Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour, The (TV)

  Snow, C. P.

  social capital

  social class

  Indian caste system

  social contract

  social Darwinism

  social dilemma

  social dominance

  social identity

  socialism

  social mobility

  society, as organic system

  Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade

  Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

  Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children

  Society for the Protection of Animals

  sociopaths, see antisocial personality disorder; psychopaths

  Sokal, Alan

  soldiers, see armed forces

  Solomon, King

  Solomon, Richard

  Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr

  Somoza, Anastasio

  Song of the South (film)

  Sorokin, Pitirim

  souls:

  of animals

  vs. lives

  transmigration of

  South, American:

  antiblack terrorism in

  culture of honor in

  slavery in

  violence in

  South Africa

  South-West Africa, genocide in

  sovereignty

  Soviet Union, see USSR

  Sowell, Thomas

  Spagat, Michael

  Spain

  commerce in

  Madrid train bombings

  wars in

  Spanish Inquisition

  Spee, Father Friedrich

  Spielberg, Steven

  Spierenburg, Pieter

  Spinoza, Baruch

  Spitzer, Steven

  Spock, Benjamin

  sports, violent

  sports fandom

  spree killers

  Springsteen, Bruce

  Sri Lanka

  Stalin, Joseph

  Stanford Prison Experiment

  Starr, Edwin

  state-based armed conflict

  states:

  borders of

  centralization of power in

  destruction of

  economic development of

  emergence of

  failed

  homicide rates in

  nonnuclear

  and Pacifist’s Dilemma

  trust in

  war deaths

  statistical lives

  statistics:

  bell curve

  cluster illusion

  conjunction fallacy

  cross-lagged correlation

  deadly quarrels

  frequency

  logarithmic scale

  multiple logistic regression

  orders of magnitude

  patterns in

  post hoc vs. a priori comparison

  power-law distributions

  probability

  randomness

  regression to the mean

  rounding

  Steckel, Richard

  Steinbeck, John

  stereotyping; see also categorization; essentialism, psychological; racism; sexism

  Stewart, Jon

  Stillwell, Arlene

  Stowe, Harriet Beecher, Uncle Tom’s Cabin

  Straus, Murray

  Stravinsky, Igor

  Straw, Margaret

  Stroop task

  Sturm und Drang movement

  Sudan

  Suedfeld, Peter

  Sugiyama, Lawrence

  suicide terrorism

  Suk, Jeannie

  sunk-cost fallacy; see also loss aversion

  Sunstein, Cass

  superrationality

  suttee

  Suttner, Bertha von

  Sutton, Willie

  Swift, Jonathan

  Switzerland

  Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA)

  Symons, Donald

  sympathy; see also empathy

  sympathy-altruism hypothesis

  systematicity, in cognitive science

  Szathmáry, Eörs

  Taagepera, Rein

  taboos:

  chemical weapons

  conquest

  and euphemism

  human life

  infanticide

  knife

  in language

  mentality of

  and moral sense

  national borders

  nuclear

  and political correctness

  psychology of

  rape, in video games

  torture

  tradeoffs

  violence against children

  weapons of mass destruction

  tabula rasa

  Tacitus

  Tajfel, Henri

  Taliban

  Talmy, Len

  Tamerlane (Timur Lenk)

  Tamil Tigers

  Tannenwald, Nina

  Tanzania

  taphonomy

  Tavris, Carol

  Taylor, Theodore

  Tea Party movement

  technology:

  book production

  Christian ideology vs.

  and commerce

  and cosmopolitanism

  Global Village

  government as

  and information

  killing at a distance

  and moral progress

  robots and drones

  weaponry

  temperance movement

  temporal discounting; see also interest, and self-control

  Ten Commandments

  Tennyson, Alfred, Lord

  territory:

  expansion of

  fighting for

  terrorism

  Age of Terror

  as asymmetrical warfare

  and ethnic riots

  failure of

  and fear

  in history

  and Islam

  nuclear

  power-law distribution of

  segregationist

  September

  statistics of

  suicide

  testosterone

  Tetlock, Philip

  Thaler, Richard

  That Obscure Object of Desire (film)

  Theisen, Ole

  theoconservatism

  theocracy

  theory of mind; see also empathy; mentalizing

  third nature

  third world, see developing world

  Thirty Years’ War

  Thomas, Clarence

  Thöni, Christian

  Three Mile Island

  Thucydides

  Thurmond, Strom

  Thyne, Clayton

  Till, Emmett

  Tilly, Charles

  Titchener, Edward

  Tit for Tat game

  tit-for-tat retaliation

  Tocqueville, Alexis de

  Tolstoy, Leo

  Tooby, John

  torture:

  abolition of

  death by a thousand cuts

  as entertainment

  and human sacrifice

  of Inquisition

  instruments of

  of martyrs

  in modern democracies

  moral rationale of

  museums of

  as punishment

  in Roman Empire

  and Roman law<
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  and sadism

  salvation attained by

  ticking-bomb scenario

  and witch executions

  totalitarianism

  and genocide

  see also autocracy; dictatorships; theocracy

  total war

  Townshend, Pete

  Toynbee, Arnold, A Study of History

  trade, international

  trafficking, see human trafficking

  Tragedy of the Commons

  Tremblay, Richard

  tribalism

  tribes:

  archaeological sites

  and community

  elders

  group dominance

  horse tribes

  kinship in

  and sorcery

  violence between

  and witchcraft

  see also hunter-gatherers; specific tribes

  Trietschke, Heinrich von

  Trivers, Robert

  Trivers-Willard theory of sex ratios

  Trojan War

  Trolley Problem

  Truman, Harry S.

  Trust game

  Tuchman, Barbara

  Tucker, G. Richard

  Tunisia

  Turing, Alan

  Turkey

  Turner, Henry

  Tutu, Desmond

  Tversky, Amos

  Twain, Mark

  Huckleberry Finn

  Twenge, Jean

  20th century, violence in

  twin studies:

  and behavioral genetics

  of criminals

  of intelligence

  of personality

  Tylor, Edward

  Tyndale, William

  tyranny, see despotism; totalitarianism

  UCDP (Uppsala Conflict Data Project)

  Uganda

  Ukraine

  Ultimatum game

  Umberto I, king of Italy

  unemployment

  United Kingdom, see Britain/United Kingdom; England; Ireland; Scotland; Wales

  United Nations

  Arab Human Development Report

  on capital punishment

  Committee on Rights of the Child

  General Assembly

  on genocide

  and homosexuality

  and Iraqi invasion of Kuwait

  and national borders

  Office on Drugs and Crime

  and peacekeeping

  Security Council

  UNESCO motto

  UNESCO Trafficking Statistics Project

  UNICEF Child Survival Revolution

  and violence against women

  United States:

  American Revolution

  armed forces of

  capital punishment in

  closing of the frontier

  and Cold War, see Cold War

  culture war in

  deaths in

  decivilization in 1960s,

  demographics of

  geographical distribution of homicides in

  as great power

  homicide rates in

  immigrants to

  migration routes in

  nuclear monopoly of

  presidential debates

  presidents

  racism in

  recivilization in 1990s,

  violence in

  war deaths in

  Universal Declaration of Human Rights

  Uruguay

  USSR:

  Afghanistan invaded by

  before and after Cold War, see Russia

  collapse of

  collectivization in

  Cuban Missile Crisis

  expansionism

  genocide in

  as great power

  and nuclear weapons

  Stalin’s purges

  and World War II,

  see also Cold War

  utilitarianism

  utopianism

  uxoricide

  vaccination

  Valdesolo, Piercarlo

  Valentino, Benjamin

  Valero, Helena

  Valéry, Paul

  van der Dennen, Johan

  van Gogh, Theo

  Vasquez, John

  vegetarianism

  vengeance, see revenge

  Venice, democracy in

  Verkko’s Laws

  Versailles, Treaty of

  Vidor, King

  Vienna, Congress of

  Vietnam

  “Vietnam Syndrome,”

  Vietnam War

  antiwar protests

  atrocities in

  deaths in

  Tungsten Theory of

  as war of attrition

  vigilantism

  Violence Against Women Act (1994)

  violence triangle

  Virginia, homicides in

  vivisection

  Vlad the Impaler

  Voltaire

  Vonnegut, Kurt

  Voting Rights Act (1965)

  Waal, Frans de

  Waldman, Irwin

  Wales

  Walker, Alice

  Wallis, John

  Walsh, John

  Waltz, Kenneth

  war:

  alternatives to

  antiwar views

  of attrition

  avoidance of

  battle deaths, use of term

  categories of

 

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