The Lady Is a Spy
Page 17
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Abwehr, 189
Abwehr III, 190
airdrops
awaiting, 146
challenges of, 145, 159–160
coordinating, 111
illuminating area for, 71
material provided, 145, 147
messages regarding, 39
photos, 145, 146
reception committees for, 157
sites, identifying, 52, 59, 128
supplies lost and found after, 156–157
supplies sent through, 48, 147
airplane landings, sites, identifying for, 71
Alesch, Robert (Abbé), 81–84, 186–192, 190
Alex (Resistance member), 85, 86–87
Algiers, Algeria, Allied troops near, 94–95
Allied forces, 94–95, 111
American community in Spain, 98
American soldiers, 135
Angelo (friend), 14
antiaircraft guns, xv–xvi
Antoine (agent), 140
Aramis (Henry Laurent Laussucq)
artwork, 117
awards and honors, 153
background, 115–116
in France, 116, 120–122, 129–130
Hall, V., dealings with, xv, xvi, 118–119, 125, 128, 129, 130–131, 139, 141, 153
knee injury, 120–121, 122
during Paris liberation, 153
photos, 116
trip to France, xv, xvi, 118–119
armed services, intelligence gathering role of, 107
arms, distribution of, 89
Atkins, Vera, 65, 147
Austria operations, potential, 167–168, 171–174
Backer, George, 42, 90
Barbie, Klaus, 91, 91–92, 181–182
Bern, Switzerland, American Embassy staff in, 166
Beson, Madame, 181
black market restaurants, 68
Blitz, 30, 31, 32–33
Box Horn Farm, 2–3, 2, 6
Brens machine gun, 160
bridges, blowing up, 148
British-American intelligence partnership, 110–111
British prisoners of war, 50
British Royal Air Force (RAF), 29
Browning machine gun, 160
Bruce, David, 137–138
Buchenwald concentration camp, 178, 178–179, 183, 188
Buckmaster, Maurice
Guerin, G. characterized by, 49
Hall, V. dealings with, 90, 100–103, 118
SOE role, 64–65, 65, 66
bus service in France, 60–62
Canadian prisoners of war, 50
Catin, Madame Eugenie, 52–53, 181, 183
Catling, Lorna, 3, 133, 203, 213, 214, 215, 219
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
creation of, 205
headquarters, 205, 217
leadership, 165
public face of, 204
restructuring of, 208–209
women in, 206–207
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Near East and Africa (NEA) Division, 210–212
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Western Hemisphere Division, 212
Charles (agent), 69, 70–71
Chauvet, Pierre (alias), 69
Chicago Times, 98
Chirac, Jacques, 219–220
Churchill, Peter, 64–76, 68, 183–185, 184
Churchill, Winston, 32, 37–38
Clément (agent), 77, 78, 79
code names, 39
Colby, William E., 111, 137
Cold War, 205
continental Europe, German control of, 37
Coordinator of Information (COI), 108, 109
counterfeiters, measures against, 55
couriers, 39, 81–82
“Cuthbert” (artificial limb nickname), 64, 93, 145
Dachau concentration camp, 184
Dautry, Raoul, 53
D-Day invasion (Normandy, France)
American intelligence personnel in, 137
American soldiers in, 135
intelligence support, 111, 137–138
outcome, 138–139
overview and personal narratives of, 134–135
planning and preparation, 102–103, 135–136
Défourneaux, René, 169–170
Deputy Directorate of Plans (DDP), 208
Diane (alias), 167, 169
Dieppe raid, 50, 50
“Dindy” (nickname), 2
Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), 193, 194, 195, 195–198, 199
Donovan, William
at D-Day invasion, 137–138
Hall, V. award presented by, 196, 197, 198
Hall, V. praised by, 193–195
intelligence leadership role, 108, 108, 109
double agents, 190–191
Dulles, Allen, 165–167, 166, 206
Eiffel Tower, 22
England, code name for, 69–70
English political prisoners, 179
escape and evasion (E&E) activity, 45, 50–51
espionage career, education and qualifications for, 8–10
Europe
continental, German control over, 37
on eve of World War II, 18–19
liberation of, 102–103
maps, 34–35, 104–105
Soviet invasion, potential of Western, 208
European Jews, plight of, 54–55
Fabian, 85, 86–87
Fairmont Team, 171
farm animals, 3, 219
Fayolle, 142
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 109
Felix (agent), 140
FFI (Forces Françaises de l’interieur or French Forces of the Interior), 149, 150
“Fighting Blade” (nickname), 6
firing squad, death by, 162–163
First French Army, Ninth Colonial Division, 161, 162–163
fishing, 57–59
Flossenbürg concentration camp, 184
food rationing, 31
food shortage, 24, 56, 57–59, 59, 61, 62, 68
“Forbidden Zone” (France), 55
France
Allied invasion of, 171
fall of, 37
German invasion of, 20
liberation of, 89, 116
morale, 56
occupation, 21–23, 24, 24–26, 54–55, 56, 91
special operations in, 38–40
surrender, 21–23
travels within, 59–62, 130
wartime conditions, 24, 56, 64 (see also food shortage)
France, southern, German invasion of, 183
Francs-Tireurs et Partisans (FTP), 150
French Army, 20, 21, 129
French Communist Party, 150
French militia, 78, 79, 149, 160, 162–163
French officials, 53
French prisoners of war (POWs), 24, 55
French Red Cross workers, 151
French Resistance. See Resistance, the
Fresnes Prison, 179, 180, 181, 182, 182, 191
Gaulle, Charles de, 26
Genet, Monsieur, 187–188
George Cross medal, 185
George VI, King of England, 219, 220
Germaine (alias), 72
German cities, bombing of, 29
German forces, movement of, 123
German prisoners, 152, 159
Germans, executions by, 179
German U-boats, 51
Germany
France invaded by, 20
French occupation, 21–23, 24, 24–26, 54–55, 56, 91
Norway and Denmark attacked by, 20
Polish invasion by, 18–19
retre
at of, 171
war on United States declared by, 108–109
Gestapo, 72, 88, 91–92, 101
Gilbert (code name), 93
Goillot, Paul Gaston (“Hemon”)
Austria operation, potential, 168, 171, 173
background, 155–156
in Caserta, Italy, 168, 174
death, 219
Défourneaux, R. friendship with, 169
at end of World War II, 175–176, 185
French Army division, weapons provided by, 162–163
in Haute-Loire, 154–155, 156–159
marriage, 213–215, 214
near Bourg, 161
stroke, 215
training provided by, 158–159
work, assessment of, 163–164
Great Britain in World War II, 29–33, 37
Guerin, Germaine, 49–50, 51, 181, 187
guerrilla tactics, training in, 158
guerrilla warfare, 147, 154, 171–172
Hall, Barbara Virginia (Hammel) (mother)
correspondence from OSS, 153, 163
correspondence from Virginia, 20–21, 132, 133
at Hall, V.’s, award ceremony, 198
Hall, V.’s marriage, attitude concerning, 213–214
marriage, 2
money sent to, 125
relationship with Hall, V., 1, 13
Hall, Edwin “Ned” Lee (father), 1–2, 3, 7, 8, 13
Hall, John (brother), 2, 2, 3, 3, 4
Hall, John W. (grandfather), 1
Hall, Virginia
acting skills, 4, 5, 10
agents aided by, 66, 67–70, 71–72, 73–74, 76, 77–79, 80, 88, 112
Alesch, Robert (Abbé), dealings with, 81–84, 188, 189
aliases, 67, 72, 77, 90–91, 112, 114, 167, 169, 173–174, 177, 186
as ambulance driver, 20–21, 21
Aramis, dealings with, xv, xvi, 118–119, 125, 128, 129, 130–131, 139, 141, 153
artificial limb, 13–18, 20, 64, 67, 87–88, 93, 145, 147, 170
in Austria, 7–8
Austria mission, potential, 165, 167, 171, 172, 173–174
awards and honors, 99–100, 193–198, 195, 196, 199, 219–220, 220
awards and honors, attitude concerning, 164, 170, 195, 197
background check, 41, 43, 44
birth and family background, 1–2
as briefing officer, 102–103
Buckmaster, M. dealings with, 90, 100–103, 118
in Caserta, Italy, 168, 174
childhood and early education, 2, 2–6, 3, 5, 6
in CIA, 201, 205–212, 215–217
as clerk, 11, 14, 17, 18
as code clerk, 29
in convent, 57
correspondence with mother, 20–21, 132, 133
cover identity, 41–43, 46
D-Day invasion support by, 102–103
death and legacy, 218–220
Défourneaux, R. meeting with, 169–170
description, 6, 44
disguises, 169–170
education abroad, 7–8
at end of World War II, 175–176, 185
in Estonia, 18–19
European travel and study before World War II, 8
farm work experience, 3, 122–123, 129, 164
firearms experience, 12, 13
Foreign Service as goal, 11, 14, 17
France, intelligence work overview, 170, 219–220
France, mission in (1st: SOE), 43, 44, 45–51, 52–53, 56–57, 59–64, 66, 67, 68–70, 71–75, 76, 85–89, 92, 99, 112
France, mission in (2nd: SOE and OSS), 120, 121–123, 128–131, 132–133, 139, 164, 197–198
in France, 1940, 19, 20–21, 23
in France, post–D-Day, 140–145, 144, 146, 147–153, 154, 157
in France, pre-World War II, 7
friends and contacts (in France), 47–50, 51–53, 63, 66, 67–70, 77–80, 81–82, 84, 121–122, 130, 138, 142–143, 177–181, 182–185, 186–188
German authority knowledge of, 88, 92, 101
in Haute-Loire region, 140, 141–143, 145, 147–150, 151, 154, 157, 194, 198
hunting accident and injury, 12–13, 194
intelligence work after World War II, 198, 203–212, 215–217
as journalist, 41–42, 45, 46, 54–55, 56, 67, 97–98, 99
language skills, 8, 9, 204
leg amputation, 13, 194
in London, 29, 31, 32, 33, 102
Lyon, France, final days in, 88–89
marriage, 213–215
medical issues, 55–56, 218
nicknames, 2, 6, 64
in OSS, 124–126, 153, 163, 198
passports and foreign IDs, 9, 12, 18, 43, 204
pay, 125–126
photos and portraits, xvi, xviii, 1, 10, 19, 31, 43, 55, 117, 130, 200, 208, 210, 214, 218, 219
as radio operator, 100, 101, 112, 114, 123, 123, 125, 129, 140, 144, 145, 153, 174
recall from France, 88–89, 90–91, 92, 97
recruitment for spy work, 40–41
relationship with mother, 1, 13
Resistance, work with, 85–87, 147–148, 149–150, 159–160, 161, 197–198
as Resistance hero, 174
retirement, 218-220
return to England, 96, 103, 163, 165
return to France, xv–xvii, 40, 113–115, 118–119
return to France, bid for, 97, 100–102, 124
return to France, potential, 103
Riley, H., and Goillot, P., work with, 154, 156, 157, 161, 163, 164
risks faced by, 88–89, 90–91, 92
romantic relationships, 12
senior yearbook profile, 4–5
Spain assignment, 97–99, 100–101, 102
Spain travels and arrest, 93, 96
in Special Operations Branch (OSS), 110
sports, participation in, 4, 5
as spy, 33, 56–57
spying work, preparation and qualities suitable for, 9–10
State Department years, 11–18
travels in France, 59–62, 130
trip to England, 23
in Venice, Italy, 14
in Vienna, Austria, 7–8
Hall family home, 2
hangings, 179
Haute-Loire region, 143, 147, 157
Heckler circuit, 45, 154
Helms, Richard, 175, 175, 176
“Hemon.” See Goillot, Paul Gaston (“Hemon”)
Hitler, Adolf
Blitz unleashed by, 32
British strategy against, 37
in France, 22
salute to, 23
stationery, 175, 176
suicide, 174–175
war against Great Britain, 29, 31
Holleischen concentration camp, 183
Hôtel Terminus, Lyon, France, 187–188
House, Edward M., 14–15
Hull, Cordell, 15–18, 16
hunting, 12–13, 61, 64
Ingersoll, Ralph, 41–42
intelligence (US), 107. See also Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Office of Strategic Services (OSS)
Isotherme (contact), 160
Jedburgh teams
in D-Day invasion, 136, 137
mission of, 111
post–D-Day, 148, 150–151, 154, 157, 158
work with, 197
Jews, 23, 54–55, 143, 182
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 109
Joulien, Monsieur J., 48–49, 180
Justin, 85–86, 87
Kirkpatrick, Lyman, 211
Konsular Akademie, 7–8
Labourier, Eugene, 47–48, 179
Laussucq, Henry Laurent (Aramis). See Aramis (Henry Laurent Laussucq)
Le Boulicaud, Bob-Raoul (Lieutenant Bob), 142, 145, 147, 157, 162–163
Lebrat, Madame Leah, 143, 145
Le Chambon-sur-Lignon (Haute-Loire), 143, 143, 156, 158
Le Contre, Madamoiselle Brigitte (alias), 67
Le Coq enchaîné, 89
Lee, Raymond
, 29, 31, 32
Lenin, Vladimir, 167
Leon (agent), 141
Le Puy, France, 147, 148, 149, 158, 160
Liberator pistol, 110
light machine guns, 160
“limping lady” (nickname), 64, 219
London, England
Blitz, 30, 31, 32–33
bombing damage, 32
underground shelters in, 30
US Embassy in, 29, 33
during World War II, 31–33
Long, Madame, 121–122
Lufthansa, 44
Luftwaffe, 31
Lyon, France
contacts in, 47, 48, 49
food supply in, 68
Gestapo presence in, 91–92
housing shortage in, 57
Resistance members in, 50
SOE activities in, 45–46, 51–52
Vichy compared to, 63
machine guns, xv–xvi, 160
mange, 55, 56
Maquis fighters (maquisards)
aid to, 143
bicycles for, 145
German prisoners, dealings with, 159
group disbanding, 161–162
leadership and organization challenges, 141–142, 150
massacre of, 151
overview of, 25
photos, 25, 141
security provided by, 148
supplies for, 147, 159–160
training of, 158–159
Marie (alias), 112, 114
Marseille, France, 61–62, 66, 70, 72
Mauthausen concentration camp, 180
Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), 99–100, 193, 219, 220
Michel, Madame Andre (“Maggy”), 48, 179–180
Milice (French militia), 78, 79, 149, 160, 162–163
Monin, Marie (alias), 177, 186