Iraq: The Birth of Time, 660
Iraq war (2003-?): American business as beneficiaries of, 33, 187–188, 651, 656–657; anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism and opposition to, 166–167; Arab-Israeli conflict and, 651–654; biblical views on, 149–152; bombing raids in buildup to, 5–6; Brzezinski's opposition to, 107–108; Bush obsession with, 46, 279–280; Catholic opposition to, 171, 174, 177–179, 233–234, 354–359, 661–662; Catholic support of, 153–157, 171–179; Christian Zionist support for, 149–153, 160–161; civilian casualties and death toll from, 152, 358, 635; costs to U.S. of, 752–755; decline of American hegemony and, 389–397; dollarization policy as result of, 413–414; economic impact in Iraq of, 4–5, 752–755; electric power grid attacked during, 619; “embedded” journalists in, 600–602; Euro-dollar conflict and, 399–417; “evil” regimes justification for, 182; friendly fire incidents in, 626–627; good and evil marketing theme for, 610–613; historical background on, 3–11; intelligence failures in buildup to, 249–275; Iraqi 51st division surrender fabrication and, 631–632; Israel's role in, 116, 118–119, 122–123, 140, 183–184; Joint Chiefs of Staff opposition to, 184; justifications for, 118; just-war theory and, 58, 128–129, 136–137; legal issues in, 58, 375–382; letters in support of, 113–114; marketing of, 605–642; media coverage of, 564–583, 593–603, 635; neoconservatives influence on, 87, 101–102, 111–124; oil as basis for, ixx-xxiii, 15–16, 140, 357, 651–653; opposition to, 107; peace proposals in, 757–759; possible U.S. loss of, 734–737; prisoner executions in, 627–628; September 11, 2001, attacks as basis for, 101, 108–109; Shula district bombing in, 628; split in Christian support of, 180–184; strategic influence campaign for, 605–642; United Nations and, 14–17, 360–371; as unjust war, 136–137; U.S. military casualties and, 742–743; U.S. military personnel opposition to, 222–245; war on terror linked to, 308–327, 709–710; witnesses' testimony on events in, 579–581; yellowcake uranium controversy and buildup to, 495–504
Iraqi Governing Council: electoral politics and, 766; profiteering and, 189
Iraqi insurgency. See Resistance movement in Iraq Iraqi National Congress, 8; electoral politics and, 767; Information Collection Program and, 266–269; as information source, 253–256, 271–272, 283; Iraq war buildup and role of, 259–261; strategic influence campaign and, 619, 637–640; trial of Saddam Hussein and, 810–811
Iraqi National Front, 793
Iraqi Police Force, 745–752
Iraqi Special Tribunal, 796–798; legal status of, 810–817; trial of Saddam Hussein and, 810–817
Irons, Peter, 449
Isenberg, David, 747
Isikoff, Michael, 506
Islamist fundamentalism: insurgency fed by, 694–701; terrorism and, 319–321
IslamMemo (website), 727n.3
IslamOnline.net (website), 719
ISNAD Committee, 797–798
Isolationist conservatism, 117, 175
Israel: American Empire ideology and, 183–184; anti-Zionism and, 165–167; Armageddon ideology concerning, 147–149; bombing in Iraq by, 158; Bush policy reversals on, 251; Christian Zionists' support for, 142–143, 154–161, 169; establishment of, 138; evangelical Christian support for, 138, 143, 154–157, 183; Iraq War and security of, 7, 32, 116, 118–119, 149–152, 160–161, 183–184, 299–300, 655–657; Jewish-American attitudes concerning, 110; neoconservative support for, 80–109, 116, 120–124, 204–207; nuclear arsenal of, 32–33; Resolution 520
violations by, 50; Six-Day War, 133; Truman's recognition of, 165; U.S. foreign policy dominated by, 32–35, 118–121, 157–161, 694–695; U.S. support of, 395–397, 650–651; Zionism in, 137–141
Israel Report, 99
Israel's Fateful Hour, 86
Israeli Embassy in U.S., 159
Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 137
Israeli Right, 81
Jaafari, Ibrahim al-, 751, 760, 762, 767, 770, 773, 789–790, 792
Jabotinsky, Vladimir, 138
Jackson, Bruce, 412
Jackson, Jesse, 506
Jackson, Henry (“Scoop”), 265, 275
Jacobins, democracy theory and, 65–66, 68, 78
Jacoby, Lowell, 515, 726
Jaff, Ahmad, 733–734
Jamadi, Manadel al-, 517–518, 542
Jamail, Dahr, 580, 709n.1, 722–723, 773–774
James, Graham, 592
Jane's Information Group, 98
Janowitz, Morris, 210–213
Japan, dollar reserves of, 414–417
Japanese internments in U.S., 446, 448n.2, 449–450
Jefferson, Thomas, 71
Jenkins, Jerry, 145
Jennings, Peter, 588
Jerusalem Institute of Biblical Polemics, 163
Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs, 82, 94, 139
“Jewish Threat”: Anti-Semitic Politics in the U.S. Army, The” 214–215
Jewish World Review, 178
Jewish Zionists, 142
Jews. See also Judaism: Catholic relations with, 166; Christian Zionists' definitions of, 147; contemporary, 149; Democratic Party supported by, 10; neoconservative ties to, 110–124
Jews Against Zionism, 139n.3
Jews Not Zionists, 139n.3
John Birch Society, 176
John Paul II (Pope), 177, 233, 355–359; Aziz meeting with, 662–672
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 290, 401
Johnson v. Eisentrager, 46n.3, 454–455
John the Baptist (Saint), 168
Joint Chiefs of Staff: Gonzales confirmation opposed by, 513–514; opposition to Iraq war by, 257; strategic influence campaign in Iraq war and, 636–640
“Joint Declaration of the 18th International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee Meeting,” 140–141
Joint Intelligence and Debriefing Center (JIDC), 540–543
Joint Interrogation and Detention Center, 536
Joint Service Conference on Professional Ethics, 134–135
Joint Task Force 121, 540–541
Jones, E. Michael, 170–179
Jones, Jim, 249
Jonestown tragedy, 249
Jordan, 97; Chalabi in, 254–255; profiteering in Iraq by, 194
Jordan, Steven, 536, 540, 542
Joseph, Robert, 496
Journalistic confidentiality, Plamegate and, 490–507
Journal of Canadian Studies, 113
Judaism. See also Jews: conversion to, 149; Zionism and, 138–141, 143–147
Judge Advocate General (JAG) lawyers: Guantánamo detainees and, 447, 501n.1; in Gulf War 1, 446; torture allegations concerning detainees and, 513–515
Judt, Tony, 319
Jus ad bellum criteria: Catholic view of, 129–131; identification of parties in, 427–429; international humanitarian law and, 440–441; just-war theory and, 128; UN Charter and, 365–371
Jus in bello criteria, 128; armed conflict legal principle and, 421–441; identification of parties and, 427–429
Just and Unjust Wars, 133
Just-cause principle, just-war theory and, 128
Justice: Chomsky's discussion of, 43–53; comparative, 129–132
Justice At War, 449
Justice Department (U.S.): Abu Ghraib prison scandal investigation and, 516–517, 530–536; documentary evidence on Guantánamo detainees, 510–513; Guantánamo detainees and, 466–482, 509–510; investigations into prisoner abuse by, 519–529; Plame investigation and, 499; torture defined by, 512–513
Just-war theory: armed conflict legal principle and, 421–441; Catholic view of, 129–134, 357–359; Chomsky's discussion of, 53–55; criteria for, 127–128, 135; description of, 128–129, 182; disintegration of, 129–131; disregard of, 134–137; international humanitarian law and, 440; Iraq war in context of, 128–129; marketing campaign for Iraq war using, 613–614; Middle East application of, 132; misuse of intelligence in support of, 277–306; public opinion of, 137; subversion of, 131–134; UN Charter and, 364–371; Walzer's view of, 135
Kagan, Robert:
on American foreign policy, 111; American hegemony ideology and, 181; as neoconservative, 67, 75, 92; pre-Iraq war buildup and, 257; Project for a New American Century and, 102; Project for Republican Future and, 88–89
Kamel, Hussein, 267, 292
Kampelman, Max, 73
Karpinski, Janis, 526–536, 538, 544–545
Katzman, Kenneth, 730
Kay, David, 277, 630
Keen, Sam, 589–590
Kehoe, Gregory W., 811
Kellogg, Brown, and Root, 203
Kellogg-Briand Pact, 822
Kemble, Penn, 73
Kemp, Jack, 75
Kendall, Wilmoor, 176
Kennedy, D. James, 142n.1
Kennedy, Edward, 592
Kennedy, John F. Jr., 451
Kennedy, William, 462
Kenney, George, 136n.1
Kent, Sherman, 266
Kerry, John, 35, 170, 271n.2, 335–336
Kessler, Glenn, 95
Khalilzad, Zalmay, 89, 257, 263
Kharrazi, Kamal, 789
Khedairy, Amal, 793–794
Khomeini, Ayatollah, 31
Khrushchev, Nikita, 12
Kiesling, Brady, 350
King, Brad, 398
King, John, 97
King Faisal, 24
Kinsley, Michael, 47
Kipper, Judith, 731
Kiracofe, Clifford, 251
Kirk, Russell, 178
Kirkpatrick, Jeanne, 75, 102, 115
Kissinger, Henry: dollar-fiat money agreement and, 406; international law violations of, 53; Iraqi elections and, 761–762; Israeli policies and, 35; nuclear non-proliferation and, 343; petro-dollar recycling and, 402; Vietnam War and, 350
Kissinger Associates, 194
Kivunim periodical, 84
KLA guerillas, 55
Klein, Morton, 160
Klein, Naomi, 104, 186–193, 580, 785–786
Knickmeyer, Ellen, 701, 707–708, 757
Knight Ridder news service, 717–718, 725–726, 791, 795
Kollar-Kotelly, Coleen, 471n.2
“Kool-Aid” pledge, support for Iraq and, 249–275
Kopper, Hilmar, 408
Korematsu, Fred, 449
Kosovo war, 54–56, 113, 136n.1, 377
Kraft, Joseph, 577–578
Krauthammer, Charles, 69, 75, 102, 114; Defense Department talking points from, 202; on Negroponte, 298
Kristol, Irving, 83–84, 175; American military culture and, 211–212, 214
Kristol, William: American Empire ideology and, 67–68, 181; on American foreign policy, 111–113; Defense Department talking points from, 202; description of, 111–113; euro-dollar conflict and, 412; as Jewish luminary, 110; letters to George W. Bush, 102, 113–114, 154; pre-Iraq war buildup and, 257; Project for a New American Century and, 7; Project for the Republican Future and, 88–89
Kritsiosis, Dino, 440n.2
Krohn, Charles, 740
Kubba, Ed, 193
Kubba, Laith, 186
Kucinich, Dennis, Perle debate with, ixx Kurds: gassing by Iraqis of, 328–331; independent state for, 654–655; Iraq electoral results for, 783–784; in Iraqi Army, 744–752; U.S. relations with, 719n.5, 721n.3, 790; on Zarqawi, 704–705
Kurnaz, Murat, 442
Kurtz, Howard, 594–595, 778–779
Kuttner, Robert, 108
Kut War Cemetery, 21
Kuwait: Iraqi occupation of, 7, 29, 86–87, 654, 831–832; U.S. marketing campaign for support of, 832–839
Kwiatkowski, Karen, 122–123, 198–207, 240–242, 264–266
Kyl, John, 110, 284
LaFranier, Sharon, 579
Laghi, Pio Cardinal, 355
LaHaye, Beverly, 142n.1
LaHaye, Tim, 142n.1, 145, 150–151, 156–157
Lang, W. Patrick, xvii, 249–275
Language in media war coverage, biases in, 577–581
Lantos, Tom, 836
Laqueur, Walter, 316, 318–319
La Repubblica, 359
Laroque, Jane, 603
Lasseter, Tom, 716–717
Last resort principle, just-war theory and, 128, 136n.1
Late Great Planet Earth, The, 147–148
Latin America: CIA regime change initiatives in, 666–667; decline of U.S. hegemony in, 394–395; electoral politics in, 757n.2; massacre of Jesuits in, 48
Lavine, John, 593–594
Law of Land Warfare, 763–764
Lawrence, T. E., 25
Lawyers Against the War, 547–548
League of Nations, Iraq and, 647–648
Leahy, James A., 535n.1
Lebanon: electoral politics in, 764; Israeli conflict with, 84–86; Israeli occupation of, 199–200; Syria and, 50
Ledeen, Michael: Iraq War buildup and, 107, 257; Israeli policies and, 35, 120; military culture and, 220; as neoconservative, 89; yellowcake uranium scandal and, 283
Ledford, Andrew K., 518, 542
Lee, Barbara, 248, 272n.1
Lee, Bill Lann, 549
Lee, Martin, 835
Legitimate authority, just-war theory and, 127–129
Lempres, Michael, 190–191
Leon, Richard, 470–482
Levin, Carl, xvi-xvii, 271n.2, 273; Abu Ghraib prison scandal investigation and, 516–517, 532; on Iraqi Army and Police force claims by Pentagon, 746; prisoner abuse investigations and, 521–522
Levy, Adrian, 551–552
Levy, David, 86
Lewis, Bernard, 255, 257–258
Lewrockwell.com (website), 172, 174, 241
Lex specialis principle, international humanitarian law and, 424
Libby, Bill, 739
Libby, I. Lewis (“Scooter”): euro-dollar conflict and, 412; as neoconservative, 89, 94; Office of Special Plans and, 262–264, 266, 283; Wilson-Plame scandal and, 494–495, 500–504
Liberal Conspiracy, The, 175
Likud Party, 81–82, 84–86, 104, 121, 157–161
Limbaugh, Rush, 124
Lincoln, Abraham, 448n.1, 796
Lind, Michael, 123
Lindh, Anna, 435n.1
Lindorff, Dave, 248
Lindsey, Hal, 147–149
Linzer, Dafna, 343
Lisbon Protocol, 337
Lloyd George, David, 23
Lobe, Jim, 94–95, 122, 736–737
Lorentz, Al, 240–245
Los Angeles Times: Iraqi electoral politics coverage in, 771–772; Iraqi resistance movement stories in, 709–710, 728; on media coverage of Iraq war, 594; post-election unrest in Iraq in, 787
Lott, Trent (Senator), 89
Lower, Joshua, 751
Lowey, Nita, 121
Lowry, Rich, 121–122
Luce, Henry, 401
Lukacs, Géorg, 215
Lummis, Doug, 14–15
Luti, Bill, 200, 262–266, 283
Luttwak, Edward, 28–30, 34–41, 690–692, 820
Lutz, David W., 126–169, 198
Lynch, Jessica story, 603, 614–616
MacArthur, Douglas, 128n.1
MacArthur, John, 836–837
MacDonald, Kevin, 83
MacGaffin, John, 188
Mackinder, Halford J., 410–411
Maher, Bill, 588–589
Majid, Dana Ahmad, 704
Ma'jun, Sami Azara al-, 189
Malachy, Yona, 157
Mallat, Chibli, 428n.3
Maloof, Michael, 260
Manichean theory, global hegemony ideology and, 182–184
Manion, Christopher, 172, 174, 178
Manion, Clarence, 172
Mankiewicz, Frank, 834
Mann, James, 94
Mannheim, Karl, 210
Marcuse, Herbert, 211
Margolis, Eric, 764, 795
Margulies, Joseph, 442–464, 483–489
Marketing campaign for Gulf War, 830–839
Marketing campaign for Iraq war, 605–642. See also Strategic influence campaign in Iraq war Marshall, Andrew, 701
Marsh
all, George C., 74n.2, 559
Marshall, Joshua, 495, 503, 566
Marshall Plan, 401
Marsh & McLennan, 190–191
Martin, David, 629
Martin, Julie, 191
Martin, Samuel, 20, 26
Martino, Renato Cardinal, 355
Marx, Karl, military education and, 209–211
Masood, Ahmad Shah, 31
Massey, Jimmy (Jim), 223, 225–231
Matthews, Chris, 111, 116, 504, 590, 596–597
Maude, Stanley, 19–20, 23
Mauer, Gerald, 640
Mayer, Jean, 519, 697–699
McCaffrey, Barry, 711, 724n.2, 751–752
McCain, John: Abu Ghraib prison scandal and, 532–533; Defense Authorization Act amendments of, 604; neoconservatives' support for, 93, 113
McCarthy, Joe, 115
McClellan, Scott, 625–626, 764
McConnell, John, 112
McConnell, Scott, 103
McDonnell, Patrick, 723–724
McFarlane, Robert, 298
McGovern, Ray, xxi-xxii, 248, 276–305, 343
McGovern, Rick, 749–750
McKinley, Michael, 744n.2, 747
McLaughlin, John, 286–288, 291
McNeill, Daniel, 525
Meacher, Michael, 80, 700
Media coverage. See also Access journalism; Journalistic confidentiality; Television news: anonymous sourcing rules for, 568–573; of Catholic opposition to Iraq war, 356–359; censorship issues in, 598–602; CIA manipulation of, 174–176; of dollar fiat money agreement, 406–407; of elections in Iraq, 757–759, 776–781; “embedded” reporters in Iraq war and, 600–602; engineered and false stories in, 613–630; foreign news decline in, 594–603; of Guantánamo detainees, 379–380; human rights evidence in, 580–581; ideological nationalism in, 688–713; internet vs.
television in, 702n.3; of Iraqi deaths and casualties, 358–359; of Iraqi resistance movement, 687, 703–721, 727–734; of Iraq war, 206–207, 564–603; marketing of Gulf War through, 832–839; of misuse of intelligence, 278; neoconservative influence in, 174–176, 584–603; of political solutions in Iraq, 757–759; pool system for war coverage and, 599–603; self-censorship in, 598–603; strategic influence marketing campaign for Iraq war in, 608–642; terminology and descriptions used in war coverage and, 573–576; terrorism language and terminology of, 576–581; of U.S. military casualties and deaths, 727n.3; of war on terror, 693–703; witnesses' testimony as part of, 578–581; of Zarqawi, 689, 691–692, 701–713
Media Research Center, 588
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