To Arms

by Hew Strachan

  Edmonds, James E., Military operations: France and Belgium, 14 vols. (London, 1922–48).

  Egger, Rainer, ‘Heeresverwaltung und Rüstungsindustrie in Niederösterreich während des I. Weltkrieges’, in Wilhelm Brauneder and Franz Baltzarek (eds.), Modell einer neuen Wirtschaftsordnung. Wirtschaftsverwaltung in Österreich 1914–1918 (Frankfurt, 1991).

  Ehlert, Hans Gotthard, Die wirtschaftliche Zentralbehörde des deutschen Reiches 1914 bis 1919. Das Problem der ‘Gemeinwirtschaft’ in Krieg und Frieden (Wiesbaden, 1982).

  Eichengreen, Barry, Golden fetters: the gold standard and the great depression, 1919–1939 (New York, 1992).

  Eley, Geoff, ‘The view from the throne: the personal rule of Kaiser Wilhelm II, Historical Journal, XXVIII (1985), 469–85.

  Ekoko, Elango, ‘British war plans against Germany in West Africa, 1903–14’, Journal of Strategic Studies, TV (1984), 440–56.

  Eksteins, Modris, Rites of spring: the Great War and the birth of the modern age (London, 1989).

  Elango, Lovett, ‘The Anglo-French “condominium” in Cameroon, 1914–1916: the myth and the reality’, International Journal of African Historical Studies, XVIII (1985), 657–73.

  Elgood, Peter, Egypt and the army (Oxford, 1924).

  Ellinwood, DeWitt C., and S. D. Pradhan, India and World War I (New Delhi, 1978).

  Elze, Walter, Tannenberg. Das deutsche Heer von 1914. Seine Grundzüge und deren Auswirkungen im Sieg an der Ostfront (Breslau, 1928).

  —— Der strategische Aufbau des Weltkrieges 1914–1918, Berlin, 1933

  Emin, Ahmed, Turkey in the World War (New Haven, 1930).

  English, John A., On infantry (New York, 1981).

  Epkenhans, Michael, Die wilhelminische Flottenrüstung 1908–1914. Weltmachtstreben, industrieller Fortschritt, soziale Integration (Munich, 1991).

  —— ‘Military-industrial relations in Imperial Germany’, War in History (forthcoming).

  Epstein, Klaus, Matthias Erzberger and the dilemma of German democracy (New York, 1971).

  Erzberger, Matthias, Die Rüstungsausgaben des Deutschen Reiches (Stuttgart, 1914).

  —— Erlebnisse im Weltkrieg (Stuttgart, 1920).

  Evans, David C., and Mark R. Peattie, Kaigun: strategy, tactics, and technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887–1941 (Annapolis, 1997).

  Evans, R. J. W., and Hartmut Pogge von Strandmann (eds.), The coming of the First World War (Oxford, 1988).

  Evans-Pritchard, E. E., The Sanusi of Cyrenaica (Oxford, 1949).

  Fairbanks, Charles H., jr, ‘The origins of the Dreadnought revolution: an historiographical essay, International History Review, XIII (1991), 246–72

  Falkenhayn, Erich von, General headquarters 1914–1916 and its critical decisions (London, [1919]).

  Falls, Cyril, The First World War (London, 1960).

  —— The History of the 36th (Ulster) Division (Belfast, 1922).

  Falzeder, Ernst, and Eva Brabant, The correspondence of Sigmund Freud and Sándor Ferenczi, vol. II, 1914–1919, (Cambridge, Mass, 1996).

  Farndale, Martin, History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: western front 1914–18 (Woolwich, 1986).

  Farr, Martin, ‘Reginald McKenna as chancellor of the exchequer 1915–1916, Glasgow University Ph.D. thesis, 1998.

  Farrar, L. L., jr, The short-war illusion: German policy, strategy and domestic affairs, August-December 1914 (Santa Barbara, 1973).

  —— Divide and conquer: German efforts to conclude a separate peace, 1914–1918 (Boulder, Col. 1978).

  Farrar, Marjorie Millbank, ‘Politics versus patriotism: Alexandre Miller and as French minister of war’, French Historical Studies, XI (1980), 577–609.

  —— Principled pragmatist: the political career of Alexandre Miller and (New York, 1991).

  Farrar-Hockley, Anthony, The death of an army (London, 1967).

  —— Goughie: the life of General Sir Hubert Gough, GCB, GCMG, KCVO (London, 1975).

  Farwell, Byron, The Great War in Africa 1914–1918 (London, 1987).

  Fay, Sidney Bradshaw, The origins of the world war (New York, 1934).

  Fayolle, Marie-Emile, Cahiers secrets de la guerre, ed. Henri Contamine (Paris, 1963).

  Feldman, Gerald D., Army, industry and labor in Germany 1914–1918 (Princeton, 1966).

  —— ‘The political and social foundations of Germany’s economic mobilization, 1914–1916’, Armed Forces and Society, III (1976), 121–45.

  —— The great disorder: politics, economics and society in the German inflation 1914–1924 (New York, 1993).

  —— Hugo Stinnes. Biographie eines Industriellen 1870–1924 (Munich, 1998).

  Fendall, C. P., The East African Force 1915–1919 (London, 1921).

  Ferguson, Niall, ‘Germany and the origins of the First World War: new perspectives, Historical Journal, XXXV (1992), 725–52.

  —— ‘Public finance and national security: the domestic origins of the First World War revisited’, Past and Present, 142 (1994), 141–68.

  —— Paper and iron: Hamburg business and German politics in the era of inflation, 1897–1927 (Cambridge, 1995).

  —— The pity of war (London, 1998).

  Ferro, Marc, The Great War 1914–1918 (London, 1973).

  Ferry, Abel (ed.), Les Carnets secrets (1914–1918) (Paris, 1957).

  Fewster, Kevin (ed.), Gallipoli correspondent: the frontline diary of C. E. W. Bean (Sydney, 1983).

  Fiebig-von Hase, Ragnild, and Maria Sturm, ‘Die transatlantischen Wirtschaftbeziehungen in der Nachkriegsplanung Deutschlands, der allierten Westmächte und der USA, 1914–17’, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen, 52 (1993), 1–34.

  Fischer, Fritz, Germany’s aims in the First World War (London, 1967; first published 1961).

  —— World power or decline: the controversy over Germany’s aims in the First World War (London, 1974; first published 1965).

  —— War of illusions: German policies from 1911 to 1914 (London, 1975; first published 1969).

  Fischer, H. C., and E. X. Dubois, Sexual life during the world war (London, 1937).

  Fisk, Harvey E., French public finance in the Great War and today (New York, 1922).

  Flood, P. J., France 1914–1918: public opinion and the war effort (Basingstoke, 1990).

  Florinsky, Michael T., The end of the Russian empire (New Haven, 1931).

  Foch, Ferdinand, The memoirs of Marshal Foch (London, 1931).

  Foerster, Wolfgang, Le comte Schlieffen et la guerre mondiale: la stratégie allemande pendant la guerre de 1914–1918 (Paris, 1929; first published 1921); English edition, Count Schlieffen and the world war (US Army War College, 1983).

  —— and Helmuth Greiner (eds.), Wir Kämpfer im Weltkrieg. Selbstzeugnisse deutscher Frontsoldaten in Feldpostbriefen, Kriegstagbüchern und Aufzeichnungen, vornehmlich aus dem Material des Heeresarchivs Potsdam (Berlin, n.d.).

  Foley, Robert T., ‘Schlieffen’s last Kriegsspiel’, War Studies Journal, III (1998), 117–33;IV (1999), 97–115.

  Fontaine, Arthur, French industry during the war (New Haven, 1926).

  Fontana, Jacques, Les Catholiques français pendant la grande guerre (Paris, 1990).

  Forbes, A., History of the Army Ordnance Services: the Great War, 2nd edn. (London, 1931).

  Förster, Stig, Der doppelte Militarismus. Die deutsche Heeresrüstungspolitik zwischen Status-quo-Sicherung und Aggression, 1890–1913 (Stuttgart, 1985).

  —— ‘Der deutsche Generalstab und die Illusion des kurzen Krieges, 1871–1914. Metakritik eines Mythos’, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen, 54 (1995), 61–95.

  Forsyth, Douglas J., The crisis of Liberal Italy: monetary and financial policy, 1914–1922 (Cambridge, 1993).

  France—see Ministère de la Guerre

  Frantz, Gunther (ed.), Russland auf dem Wege zur Katastrophe. Tagebücher des Grossfürsten Andrej und des Kriegsministers Poliwanow. Briefe der Grossfürsten an den Zaren (Berlin, 1926).

  Fraser, Peter, ‘The British “shells scandal” of 191
5 ‘, Canadian Journal of History, XVIII (1983), 69–86.

  Fraser, T. G., ‘Germany and Indian revolution’, Journal of Contemporary History, XII (1977), 255–72.

  —— ‘India in Anglo-Japanese relations during the First World War’, History, LXIII (1978), 366–82.

  Freedman, Lawrence, Paul Hayes, and Robert O’Neill (eds.), War, strategy and international politics: essays in honour of Sir Michael Howard (Oxford, 1992)

  French, David, ‘The military background to the “shells crisis” of May 1915’, Journal of Strategic Studies, II (1979), 192–205.

  —— British economic and strategic planning 1905–1915 (London, 1982).

  —— ‘Sir Douglas Haig’s reputation, 1918–1928: a note, Historical Journal, XXVIII (1985), 953–60.

  —— British strategy and war aims 1914–1916 (London, 1986).

  —— ‘The meaning of attrition, 1914–1916’, English Historical Review, CIII (1988), 385–405.

  French, John, Viscount, 1914 (London, 1919).

  Freud, Sigmund, ‘Thoughts for the times on war and death’ (1915), in James Strachey (ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud, vol. XIV (London, 1957).

  Frey, Marc, ‘Deutsche Finanzinteressen an der Vereinigten Staaten und den Niederlanden im Ersten Weltkrieg, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen, 53 (1994), 327–53.

  —— ‘Trade, ships, and the neutrality of the Netherlands in the First World War, International History Review, XIX (1997), 541–62.

  Fridenson, Patrick, Histoire des usines Renault 1. Naissance de la grande enterprise 1898–1939 (Paris, 1972).

  —— (ed.), 1914–1918: l’autre front (Paris, 1977); English edition, The French home front 1914–1918 (Providence, RI, 1992).

  Friedman, Isaiah, Germany, Turkey, and Zionism 1897–1918 (Oxford, 1977).

  Fritzsche, Peter, Germans into Nazis (Cambridge, Mass, 1998).

  Frothingham, Thomas, The naval history of the world war, 3 vols. (Cambridge, Mass., 1924–6).

  Fuller, William C., jr, Civil-military conflict in imperial Russia 1881–1914 (Princeton, 1985).

  —— Strategy and power in Russia 1600–1914 (New York, 1992).

  Galet, Émile Joseph, Albert king of the Belgians in the Great War (London, 1931).

  Galbraith, John S., ‘British war aims in World War I: a commentary on statesmanship’, Journal of Commonwealth and Imperial History, XIII (1984), 25–45.

  Gall, Lothar, Gerald Feldman, Harold James, Carl-Ludwig Holtfrerich, and Hans E. Büschger, The Deutsche Bank 1870–1995 (London, 1995).

  Gamelin, Maurice, Manoeuvre et victoire de la Marne (Paris, 1954).

  Ganz, A. Harding, ‘Colonial policy and the imperial German navy, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen, 21 (1977), 35–52

  Garcia, Luc, ‘Les Mouvements de résistance au Dahomey (1914–1917), Cahiers d’études africaines, X (1970), 144–78.

  Garson, N. G., ‘South Africa and World War Γ, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth. History, VIII (1979), 68–85

  Gascouin, F., L’Évolution de l’artillerie pendant la guerre (Paris, 1920).

  Gascouin, F., Le Triomphe de l’idée (Paris, 1931).

  Gat, Azar, The development of military thought: the nineteenth century (Oxford, 1992).

  Gatrell, Peter, ‘After Tsushima: economic and administrative aspects of Russian naval rearmament, 1905–1913’, Economic History Review, 2nd series, XLIII (1990), 255–70.

  —— Government, industry and rearmament in Russia, 1900–1914: the last argument of tsarism (Cambridge, 1994).

  —— and Mark Harrison, ‘The Russian and Soviet economies in two world wars: a comparative view’, Economic History Review, 2nd series, XLVI (1993), 425–52.

  Gatzke, Hans W., Germany’s drive to the west (Drang nach Westen): a study of Germany’s western war aims during the First World War (Baltimore, 1950).

  Gazin, F., La Cavalerie française dans la guerre mondiale 1914–1918 (Paris, 1930).

  Gehrke, Ulrich, Persien in der deutschen Orientpolitik während des Ersten Weltkrieges, 2 vols. (Stuttgart, 1960).

  Geinitz, Christian, Kriegsfurcht und Kampfbereitschaft. Das Augusterlebnis in Freiburg. Eine Studie zum Kriegsbeginn 1914 (Essen, 1998).

  Geiss, Imanuel, ‘The outbreak of the First World War and German war aims, Journal of Contemporary History,! (1966), 75–91.

  —— July 1914: the outbreak of the First World War: selected documents (London, 1967).

  Gemzell, Carl-Axel, Organization, conflict, and innovation: a study of German naval strategic planning 1888–1940 (Lund, 1973).

  Général ***, Plutarque n’a pas menti (Paris, n. d.).

  Generalstabler, Kritik des Weltkrieges. Das Erbe Moltkes und Schlieffens im Grossen Kriege (Leipzig, 1920).

  Genevoix, Maurice, ’Neath Verdun, August-October 1914 (London, 1916).

  George, Mark, ‘Liberal opposition in wartime Russia: a case study of the Town and Zemstvo Unions, 1914–1917’, Slavonic and East European Review, LXV (1987), 371–90.

  Germains, Victor Wallace, The Kitchener armies: the story of a national achievement (London, 1930).

  Gershoni, Israel, and James P. Jankowski, Egypt, Islam, and the Arabs: the search for Egyptian nationhood, 1900–1930 (New York, 1986).

  Geyer, Dietrich, Russian imperialism: the interaction of domestic and foreign policy 1860–1914 (Leamington Spa, 1987).

  Geyer, Michael, Deutsche Rüstungspolitik 1860–1980 (Frankfurt am Main, 1984).

  Gifford, Prosser, and Wm. Roger Louis (eds.), Britain and Germany in Africa: imperial rivalry and colonial rule (New Haven, 1967).

  Gilbert, Bentley Brinkerhoff, ‘Pacifist to interventionist: David Lloyd George in 1911 and 1914. Was Belgium an issue?, Historical Journal, XXVIII (1985), 863–85.

  —— David Lloyd George: a political life. The organizer of victory 1912–1916 (London, 1992).

  Gilbert, Charles, American financing of World War I (Westport, Conn., 1970).

  Gilbert, Martin, Winston S. Churchill, vol. III, 1914–1916, and companion volume (London 1971–2).

  —— First World War (London, 1994).

  Glaise von Horstenau, Edmund, Ein General im Zwielicht. Die Erinnerungen Edmund Glaises von Horstenau. Band 1. K. u. k. Generalstabsoffizier und Historiker (Vienna, 1980).

  Gleason, William, ‘The all-Russian Union of Zemstvos and World War I, in Terence Emmons and Wayne S. Vucinich (eds.), The Zemstvo in Russia: an experiment in local self-government (Cambridge, 1982).

  Godfrey, John, Capitalism at war: industrial policy and bureaucracy in France 1914–1918 (Leamington Spa, 1987).

  Goebel, Otto, Deutsche Rohstoffwirtschaft im Weltkrieg einschliesslich des Hindenburg—Programms (Stuttgart, 1930).

  Goldrick, James, The king’s ships were at sea: the war in the North sea August 1914–February 1915 (Annapolis, 1984).

  —— ‘Naval publishing the British way, Naval War College Review, XLV (winter, 1992), 85–99.

  —— ‘The battleship fleet: the test of war, 1895–1919’, in J. R. Hill (ed.), The Oxford Illustrated History of the Royal Navy (Oxford, 1995).

  ——and John B. Hattendorf (eds.), Mahan is not enough: the proceedings of a conference on the works of Sir Julian Corbett and Admiral Sir Herbert Richmond (Newport, RI, 1993).

  Goldschmidt, Arthur, jr, ‘The Egyptian nationalist party: 1892–1919’, in P. M. Holt (ed.), Political and social change in modern Egypt (London, 1968).

  Golovine, N., The Russian army in the world war (New Haven, 1931).

  —— ‘The battle of the Masurian lakes’, Journal of the United Service Institution of India (Jan. 1932), 493–509; (Jan. 1933), 493–509.

  —— The Russian campaign of 1914: the beginning of the war and operations in East Prussia (Fort Leavenworth, 1933).

  —— ‘La Bataille de Galicie’, Revue militaire française, 158 (aôut 1934), 220–50; 159 (sept. 1934), 281–301.

  Goltz, Colmar von der, Denkwürdigkeiten (Berlin, 1932).

>   Gooch, John, The plans of war: the general staff and British military strategy €1900–1916 (London, 1974).

  —— The prospect of war: studies in British defence policy 1847–1942 (London, 1981).

  Goodspeed, D. J., Ludendorff: soldier, dictator, revolutionary (London, 1966).

  —— The German wars 1914–1945 (London, 1978).

  Gordon, Andrew, ‘The crowd and politics in imperial Japan: Tokyo 1905–1918’, Past and Present, 21 (1988), 141–70.

  Gordon, Andrew, The rules of the game: Jutland and British naval command (London, 1996).

  Gordon, Donald C., The dominion partnership in imperial defense, 1870–1914 (Baltimore, 1965).

  Gordon, Michael, ‘Domestic conflict and the origins of the First World War: the British and German cases’, Journal of Modern History, XLIV (1974), 191–226.

  Gordon-Duff, Lachlan, With the Gordon Highlanders to the Boer War and beyond (Macclesfield, 1998).

  Gorges, E. Howard, The Great War in West Africa (London, 1930).

  Görlitz, Walter (ed.), The Kaiser and his court: the diaries, note books and letters of Admiral Georg von Müller, Chief of the Naval Cabinet, 1914–1918 (London, 1961; first published 1959).

  Gottlieb, W. W., Studies in secret diplomacy during the First World War (London, 1957).

  Gourko, Basil, Memories and impressions of war and revolution in Russia 1914–1917 (London, 1918).

  Grady, Henry F., British war finance 1914–1919 (New York, 1927).

  Graf, Daniel W., ‘Military rule behind the Russian front 1914–1917: the political ramifications’, Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas, XXII (1974), 390–411.

  Graham, Dominick, and Shelford Bidwell, Coalitions, politicians and generals: some aspects of command in the world wars (London, 1993).

  Granier, Gerhard, ‘Deutsche Rüstungspolitik vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg. General Franz Wandels Tagebuchaufzeichnungen aus dem preussischen Kriegsministerium’, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen, 38 (1985), 123–62

  Gras, Yves, Castelnau ou l’art de commander 1851–1944 (Paris, 1990).

  Grasset, A., Le 22 août au 4e corps d’armée: Virton (Paris, 1922).

  —— Le 22 août au 4e corps d’armée: Ethe (Paris, 1924).