Russia's Crony Capitalism
Page 39
McKinsey & Company, (i)
McKinsey Global Institute, (i)
MDM Bank, (i)
Medvedev, Dmitri, (i), (ii), (iii); corruption accusations against, (i), (ii); as Gazprom chairman, (i), (ii); military spending by, (i); Obama and, (i), (ii); powerlessness of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Putin’s manipulation of, (i), (ii); as president, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); as reformer, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); as St. Petersburg official, (i); state corporations opposed by, (i)
Megafon (mobile phone company), (i)
Melnichenko, Andrei, (i)
Menatep, (i), (ii), (iii)
Merkel, Angela, (i)
Metro AG, (i)
metallurgy, (i), (ii)
Mexico, (i)
MICEX (stock exchange), (i)
Michels, Robert, (i)
middle-income trap, (i), (ii)
migration, (i)
Mikhelson, Leonid, (i), (ii)
military spending, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Miller, Alexei, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Miller, Chris, (i)
Milner, Yuri, (i)
Milov, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)
mining, (i)
Ministry of Defense, (i), (ii)
Ministry of Interior, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
misinvoicing, (i), (ii)
missile defense, (i), (ii), (iii)
mobile phones, (i)
Moldova, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
money laundering, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); through real estate, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
monopolies, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Mordashov, Alexei, (i)
Moscow Times, (i)
Mossack Fonseca (law firm), (i), (ii)
Most Bank, (i)
Mostotrest, (i), (ii)
Motherland (Rodina), (i)
Movchan, Veronika, (i)
MTS (mobile phone company), (i)
Mueller, Robert S., III, (i)
Mugabe, Robert, (i)
Myachin, Victor, (i)
Myers, Steven Lee, (i)
Nabiullina, Elvira, (i), (ii), (iii)
Naftogaz, (i), (ii)
Naryshkin, Sergei, (i)
National Crime Agency (UK), (i)
National Guard, (i), (ii)
National Media Group, (i)
National Welfare Fund, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
natural gas, (i), (ii), (iii); cutoffs of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); liquefied, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi). See also oil and gas
Navalny, Alexei, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Navalny, Oleg, (i)
Nazarbayev, Nursultan, (i), (ii), (iii)
Nemtsov, Boris, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); murder of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Netherlands, (i)
Nevada, (i)
New York City, (i), (ii)
New Zealand, (i)
Ng, Serena, (i)
Nicholas I, emperor of Russia, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Nickerson, James, (i)
Nielson, Daniel, (i)
9/11 attacks, (i), (ii), (iii)
nongovernmental organizations, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Norilsk Nickel, (i), (ii), (iii)
North Korea, (i)
Norway, (i)
Novatek, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Novaya Gazeta, (i), (ii), (iii)
Novokmet, Filip, (i)
Novoye Vremya, (i), (ii), (iii)
NTV (television network), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
nuclear weapons, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Obama, Barack, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
October Revolution (1917), (i), (ii)
Odnoklassniki (social network), (i)
offshore havens, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
oil and gas, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); arctic, (i); exchange rates and, (i), (ii); falling prices of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); offshore, (i); profiteering from, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); proposals to privatize, (i); renationalization of, (i); rising prices of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii); Russian dependence on, (i); sanctions and, (i); taxation of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); volatility of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v). See also natural gas; pipelines
oligarchs, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); in exile, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); extortion from, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); loss of influence of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); under Yeltsin, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Olimpstroi, (i), (ii)
OMZ (machine-building company), (i)
One Belt One Road initiative, (i)
Oneximbank, (i)
Open Russia Foundation, (i)
Orange Revolution, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Oreshkin, Dmitri, (i)
Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), (i), (ii)
organized crime, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, (i), (ii), (iii)
ORT (television network), (i), (ii)
Ostrovsky, Arkady, (i)
Ottoman Empire, (i)
Ozero dacha cooperative, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Page, Carter, (i)
Pakistan, (i)
Panama, (i)
Panama Papers, (i), (ii); cronyism documented by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); Putin angered by, (i), (ii), (iii)
patrimonialism, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Patriot Act (2001), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Patrushev, Dmitri, (i)
Patrushev, Nikolai, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
payroll tax, (i)
Pei, Minxin, (i)
pensions, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Perestroika (Gorbachev), (i)
perestroika, (i), (ii), (iii)
personal income tax, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Peskov, Dmitri, (i), (ii), (iii)
Petersburg Fuel Company, (i)
Peter the Great, (i)
petrochemicals, (i)
Petrov, Gennady, (i), (ii)
Phosagro (Apatity), (i), (ii), (iii)
Piketty, Thomas, (i)
pipelines: Chinese investments in, (i); Gazprom’s investments in, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); Rotenbergs’ profits from, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); Timchenko’s profits from, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); Transneft’s monopoly on, (i), (ii), (iii)
Pipes, Richard, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Plan for Sustainable Economic Development and Social Stability, (i)
Plehve, Vyacheslav von, (i)
plutocracy, (i), (ii), (iii)
Poland, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Politburo, (i), (ii)
Politikovskaya, Anna, (i)
Pomerantsev, Peter, (i)
Popov, Sergei, (i)
Portugal, (i), (ii), (iii)
Potanin, Vladimir, (i), (ii)
Potemkin, Grigorii, (i)
Prague Spring, (i)
press freedom, (i), (ii); under Yeltsin, (i)
Pribylovsky, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
price controls, (i), (ii), (iii); abolition of, (i)
Prigozhin, Evgeny, (i)
Primakov, Yevgeny, (i), (ii)
privatization, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Prominvestbank, (i)
Promsvyazbank, (i), (ii)
property rights, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); absence of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); corporate raiding vs., (i), (ii); economic growth linked to, (i), (ii), (iii); in economic reform laws (2002), (i); offshore, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); rule of law linked to, (i), (ii)
<
br /> Prosecutor General’s Office, (i)
protection rackets, (i)
public debt, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
purchasing power parities (PPP), (i)
Putin, Igor, (i)
Putin, Mikhail, (i)
Putin, Vladimir: accession of, (i), (ii); administrative simplification backed by, (i); asset stripping by, (i); autocrats admired by, (i); Bank Rossiya linked to, (i), (ii); Chechnya subsidized by, (i); China pivot attempted by, (i), (ii); Hillary Clinton denounced by, (i); crash of 1998 and, (i); Crimea annexed by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi); deinstitutionalization by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); dissertation plagiarized by, (i); economic policies of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); electoral coalition assembled by, (i); elites nationalized by, (i), (ii); embezzlement imputed to, (i); Eurasian integration sought by, (i), (ii), (iii); family of, (i); favoritism disclaimed by, (i); finger pointing by, (i); foreign policy of, (i); four circles of power of, (i); information sources used by, (i); international law flouted by, (i), (ii); judicial reforms by, (i); KGB links of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); Khodorkovsky denounced by, (i); law enforcement agencies nurtured by, (i); longevity of, (i), (ii); loyalty prized by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); media constrained by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); Medvedev’s appointment of, (i), (ii); nationalist sentiment exploited by, (i); official residences of, (i), (ii); organized crime linked to, (i), (ii); Panama Papers and, (i), (ii), (iii); personal authoritarianism and, (i); personal fortune of, (i), (ii), (iii); political agility of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); pomp and ceremony cherished by, (i); as protectionist, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); renationalization by, (i), (ii); road tax imposed by, (i); Rybkin affair and, (i); as St. Petersburg official, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); self-publishing by, (i); sham elections overseen by, (i), (ii), (iii); small military victories pursued by, (i), (ii), (iii); Sochi Olympics and, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Soviet breakup regretted by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); stability stressed by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); stabilization fund established by, (i), (ii); state administration reconfigured by, (i); state capitalism under, (i); Surgutneftegaz linked to, (i); tax reform by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Ukraine criticized by, (i); Ukraine trade targeted by, (i); U.S. criticized by, (i); unsustainable regime of, (i); WTO membership sought by, (i); Yeltsin holdovers coopted by, (i); Yukos confiscation and, (i)
Putina, Ekaterina, (i)
Putina, Maria, (i)
Putina, Vera, (i)
Putin and Gazprom (Nemtsov and Milov), (i)
Putin’s Kleptocracy (Dawisha), (i), (ii)
PwC (accounting firm), (i), (ii)
Qatar, (i)
QHG companies, (i)
quantitative easing, (i), (ii)
Radygin, Alexander, (i), (ii)
Ragimov, Il’gam, (i), (ii)
Raikin, Arkady, (i)
Rastrelli, Francesco Bartolomeo, (i)
Reagan, Ronald, (i), (ii)
real estate, (i), (ii); exemption from Patriot Act of, (i), (ii); money laundered through, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
“Rebuilding Russia” (Solzhenitsyn), (i)
renationalization, (i), (ii)
rent seeking, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); in energy sector, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); in infrastructure procurement, (i); in medical equipment procurement, (i); property rights and rule of law vs., (i)
Reserve Fund, (i), (ii), (iii)
retail sector, (i), (ii)
Reznik, Vladislav, (i)
Rivera, David W., (i)
Rivera, Sharon Werning, (i)
Robinson, James, (i)
Rogozin, Dmitri, (i)
Roldugin, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Romania, (i)
Rosatom (Atomic Energy Industry Complex), (i), (ii), (iii)
Roscosmos, (i)
Rose Revolution, (i)
Rosneft, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); expansion of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); mismanagement of, (i), (ii); transparency feigned by, (i); U.S. sanctions against, (i); Venezuela links of, (i), (ii); Yukos acquired by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Rosoboronexport, (i), (ii), (iii)
Rosprom, (i)
Rosselkhozbank, (i), (ii)
Rosspritprom, (i)
Rosstat (Russian Federal State Statistics Service), (i), (ii)
Rostec (Russian Technologies), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Rotenberg, Arkady, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); in Putin’s circle, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); sanctions against, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); secretiveness of, (i), (ii)
Rotenberg, Boris, (i), (ii), (iii); in Finland, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); in Putin’s circle, (i), (ii), (iii); Sochi Olympics and, (i); state procurement orders to, (i), (ii)
Rotenberg, Igor, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Rotenberg, Roman, (i), (ii)
Royal Dutch Shell, (i), (ii)
Rubin, Trudy, (i)
Rusal, (i), (ii)
Russia Business Consulting, (i)
Russian Ark, The (Sokurov), (i)
Russian Corporation for Nanotechnologies (Rusnano), (i)
Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF), (i)
Russian Empire, (i), (ii), (iii)
Russian Orthodox Church, (i), (ii)
Russian Railways, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Russia’s Capitalist Revolution (Åslund), (i)
Russia-Ukraine Friendship Treaty (1997), (i), (ii)
Russia under the Old Regime (Pipes), (i)
Russia under Western Eyes (Malia), (i)
Russneft, (i)
Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), (i), (ii)
Rybkin, Ivan, (i)
Rybolovlev, Dmitri, (i), (ii)
Ryzhkov, Nikolai, (i)
Saakashvili, Mikheil, (i), (ii), (iii)
St. Petersburg Real Estate Holding Co. (SPAG), (i)
Sakhalin projects, (i), (ii), (iii)
Salazar, António, (i)
Sal’e, Marina, (i), (ii)
Sargsyan, Serzh, (i)
Satarov, Georgy, (i)
Saudi Arabia, (i)
Sberbank, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
SBS Agro Bank, (i), (ii), (iii)
Schröder, Gerhard, (i)
Schumpeter, Joseph, (i)
Sechin, Igor, (i); corporate transparency opposed by, (i); corruption allegations against, (i), (ii); Khodorkovsky vs., (i); in Putin’s circle, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); Rosneft expansion driven by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); United Shipbuilding Corporation chaired by, (i)
Sechin, Ivan, (i)
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), (i)
Security Council (Russia), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
September 11 attacks, (i), (ii), (iii)
Serbia, (i), (ii)
Serdyukov, Anatloy, (i)
serfdom, (i)
Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act (2012), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Severnaya Neft (oil company), (i)
Severstal, (i)
Seychelles, (i)
Shamalov, Kirill, (i), (ii)
Shamalov, Nikolai, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); European sanctions against, (i), (ii); in Putin’s circle, (i), (ii), (iii); scandals linked to, (i), (ii)
Shamalov, Yuri, (i)
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), (i), (ii)
Shearman & Sterling, (i)
shell companies, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Shelomov, Mikhail, (i)
Shevtsova, Lilia, (i), (ii), (iii)
Shield (protection company), (i)
Shleifer, Andrei, (i), (ii)
Shoigu, Sergei, (i), (ii)
shortages, (i), (ii), (iii)
Shushkevich, Stanislav, (
i)
Shuvalov, Igor, (i), (ii)
Siberia, (i), (ii)
Sibneft (Gazprom Neft), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Sibur (chemical company), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Siemens AG, (i), (ii), (iii)
Siluanov, Anton, (i), (ii)
Singapore, (i), (ii)
Sistema, (i)
Skripal, Sergei, (i)
Slovakia, (i), (ii)
Slovenia, (i)
Smirnov, Vladimir, (i)
Smolensky, Alexander, (i), (ii)
Snyder, Tim, (i)
Sobchak, Anatoly, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Sobyanin, Sergei, (i)
Sochi Olympics (2014), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
social tax, (i), (ii), (iii)
Sogaz, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Sokurov, Alexander, (i)
Soldatov, Andrei, (i)
Solidarity (trade union), (i)
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, (i)
Soros, George, (i)
South Africa, (i)
South Dakota, (i)
South Korea, (i), (ii)
South Ossetia, (i)
sovereign wealth funds, (i), (ii), (iii)
Soviet Union: budget deficits in, (i); capital outflows from, (i); dissolution of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); economy of, (i), (ii); ossification of, (i); persistence of, (i); reforms in, (i); social conditions in, (i); as superpower, (i)
Spain, (i)
stagnation, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Stalin, Joseph, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
standard of living, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Starodubrovskaya, Irina, (i)
Starovoitova, Galina, (i)
State Planning Committee (Gosplan), (i)
statism, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Statol, (i)
Steele, Christopher, (i)
steel industry, (i), (ii)
Stiernlöf, Sture, (i)
Stockholm International Arbitration Court, (i), (ii)
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), (i), (ii)
stock manipulation, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Stolypin, Petr, (i)
Stolypin Club, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Strategic Defense Initiative, (i), (ii)
Strategic Planning and Policy (King and Cleland), (i)
Strategic Sectors Law (2008), (i)
“Strategy 2020,” (i), (ii)
Stroigazmontazh, (i)
Stroitransgaz, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
SUEK (Siberian Coal Energy Company), (i)
Surgutneftegaz, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
SVR (Foreign Intelligence Service), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Sweden, (i)
SWIFT bank clearing system, (i)