states’ rights, 226, 311, 312
Calhoun’s “reserve right” of slavery, 23
choice of slave or free state and, 26
Douglas and, 544
nullification and, 5, 26, 97, 98, 100, 126, 311
slavery and, 15
Southern Rightists, 15, 24, 129, 320, 448
Stearns, George Luther, xviii, 176–77, 469, 470, 471, 476–77, 479, 494–95, 507
Stearns, Martha, 176
Stephens, Alexander, 101, 107, 129, 206, 278, 316, 318, 321, 332, 336, 343, 344, 406, 504, 509, 540, 562, 610, 611, 618
Stevens, Aaron, xxi, 481
Stevens, Thaddeus, xvi, 232–33, 233, 244, 269–70, 501, 587
Stevenson, Adlai E., 253
Stoddard, William Osborn, 433–34
Stone, Lucy, 112
Story, Joseph, 59, 60, 62, 65, 67, 226
Story, William, 62
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, xx, 41–42, 84–85, 87, 92, 95, 226, 463
Stringfellow, B. F., 170
Strother, David Hunter, 489
Stuart, A. H. H., 438
Stuart, J. E. B., xxi, 482, 484, 485, 491
Stuart, John Todd, xviii, 187, 220, 255, 377
Sumner, Alice Mason Hooper, 57
Sumner, Charles, xv, 28. 39, 53, 53–72, 75–87, 89, 94, 99, 150, 173, 271, 276, 335, 347
address on “Fame and Glory,” 57
as antislavery activist, 51, 63, 66, 68–69, 77–78, 79, 89, 272
“The Antislavery Enterprise” speech, 92
argument against school segregation, 73–74
attack on, by Brooks, 123, 125, 132–41, 143, 144–46, 149–54, 173–75, 177, 178, 205, 206, 470, 601
“backbone” speech of 1850, 75–76
John Brown and, 166, 178
Cyclops metaphor and, 82, 84
“Dies Irae” of Webster, 74
Douglas and, 28, 30–31, 33, 34, 87, 105–6, 109–11, 118–20, 140, 146, 178, 543–44
emancipation of mulatto child, 90–91, 91, 92
Faneuil Hall speech, Nov. 2, 1855, 120
“The Five of Clubs” and, 62
Free Soil Party and, 57, 59, 70–72, 75, 76, 79–80, 89
“the harlot Slavery” phrase of, 110, 114, 150
hatred of, 58–59, 92, 109, 114
Lincoln and, 78, 82, 348, 620
Sumner, Charles (cont.)
Northern response to attack on, 146–48
opponents, 79, 80, 87, 89–90, 105–6, 109–11
Pearl fugitive slave case, 78, 80
photography and, 91, 92
prison reform and, 66–67
reelected to Congress, 175, 177, 178
Republican Party and, 56, 93, 98–99
Secret Six and, 470
as Senator, 55, 76–81, 104
Slave Power attacked by, 55, 59, 65, 70–71, 76, 77, 87, 92, 107–8, 109
Southern Ultras provoked by, 129
speech, “The Crime Against Kansas,” 1856, xi, 106–13, 125, 148
speech, July 4, 1845, 64–65
speech, “The Landmark of Freedom,” 82
speeches on the Fugitive Slave Act, 106, 127
term “equality before the law” and, 73
threats against, 88–89, 120–21, 125, 138, 272
Tocqueville visited by, 178–79
view of slavery, 64, 78, 79
on Webster’s betrayal, 75
Whig Party and, 54, 64, 65, 69, 70, 77
Winthrop and, 64–66, 106
Sumner, Charles Pinckney, 60–61, 62
Sumner, George, 115
Sumner, Increase, 60
Sumner, Job, 60
Sumner, William, 60
Swan, Joseph, 440
Swett, Leonard, xviii, 195–96, 203, 250, 251, 252, 253, 361–62, 521, 523, 568–69
Chicago convention and, 577–78, 581, 583, 590, 591, 593
Syracuse, N.Y., 163, 166
Taft, Loredo, 402
Taliaferro, Lawrence, 274
Tallmadge, Nathaniel P., 331
Tammany Hall, 9
Taney, Roger, xxii, 267, 272–73, 278, 281, 288, 294
Buchanan and, 282, 287, 339
Douglas’s popular sovereignty and, 286, 293–94, 330
Dred Scott decision and, xii, 273–88, 357, 532
Lincoln on, 298–99
most memorable words, 283–84
Tappan, Lewis, 166–67
Tarbell, Ida M., 583, 594
Taylor, Anne-Marie, 60
Taylor, Richard, 546
Taylor, Stewart, xxi
Taylor, Zachary, xv, 26, 70, 72, 75, 198, 222, 230, 500, 546, 618
Terry, David, xiv, 455
Texas, 3, 64
annexation of, 5, 64, 65, 312
Sumner and Anti-Texas Committee, 65
Walker’s “Letter” on annexation, 312
“Thanatopis” (Bryant), 527
Thayer, Eli, xvi, 60, 105, 474
“The Eighteenth Presidency!” (Whitman), 246
Thomas, James P., 272, 284
Thomas, Thomas, 163
Thomas, Thomas W., 316
Thompson, Dauphin, xxi, 482
Thompson, George, 62
Thompson, Jacob, xxii, 309, 320–21, 323, 324, 343, 453
Thompson, Kate, 453
Thompson, Will, xxi, 481, 482
Thoreau, Henry David, xix, 59, 76, 127, 177, 476, 495
Thurmond, J. Strom, 126
Ticknor, George, xix, 67–68
Tidd, Charles Plummer, xxi
Tillman, Ben “Pitchfork,” 126
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 173, 178–79
Todd, Robert S., 378, 605–6
Toombs, Robert, xvi, 99, 102–3, 316–17, 318, 372, 504, 509, 540, 545, 604, 605
attack on Sumner and, 136, 137, 143, 144–45
Toucey, Isaac, xxii, 271
Townsend, George Alfred, 447
Transcendentalism, 59, 147, 469
transcontinental railway, 14–15
Treat, Samuel Hubbell, 348
Troy, N.Y., 163
Trumbull, Julia, 188, 220, 420
Trumbull, Lyman, xvi, 21, 28–29, 191, 219, 331, 345, 347, 351, 393, 441, 564
as delegate, Republican convention, 226
Democratic Party and Douglas, 101–2
as Douglas opponent, 28–32, 34, 40, 382, 396
Judd and, 519, 520, 521, 564, 565
Lincoln and, 29–30, 188, 220–21, 226, 331, 366, 370, 420–21, 424–25, 623, 626
Lincoln’s presidential nomination and, 563, 564–65, 566
Lincoln throws Senate election to, 1855, xi, 188, 220, 372, 375–76, 420
Matheny’s conspiracy theory and, 219–20
Republican Party and, 102, 197, 199, 220, 229
Tubman, Harriet, 510
Tucker, St. George, 86, 87, 115
Turner, George, 481
Turner, Nat, 160, 163, 473, 526, 533–34
Turner, Thomas J., 569
Tyler, John, 187, 207, 222, 227, 312, 339, 500
Tyler, Robert, 339
Tyler, Samuel, 273
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe), xx, 42, 84–85, 87, 95, 155, 226, 463, 503
Underground Railroad, 34, 112, 163, 210, 232, 25, 474, 482, 492
Hossack arrest and, 437
Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, 463
Seward and Tubman, 510
Unitarianism, 59, 469
Moral Philosophy, 63, 65, 147, 469
United States v. Hanway, 280
Urbana Union, xvii, 186
U.S. Congress, 500
anti-Nebraska caucus, 45–46
Banks as Speaker, 99
bribery and, 343
Buchanan funding denied, 452–53
Clay and Speaker position, 4
Cobb as Speaker, 22
Covode Committee, 548, 549, 615
Douglas and Committee on Territories, 15, 23, 332, 372, 446, 455, 543, 545
Douglas and the 34th Congress, 19, 22–23,
45
Douglas as pariah, 446–50, 543
Douglas baited in, 1860, 543, 544, 545
Douglas on Southern secession, 599–600
Douglas’s achievements in, 413, 450
Douglas’s diatribes against opponents, 30–34
Douglas’s first address, 36th Congress, 507–8
Douglas’s Kansas report, xi, 22–23, 26–28
Douglas’s Nebraska Bill and, 81, 87
Douglas’s presidential nomination and, 447–48
Douglas’s speech on Lecompton controversy, 332–33, 334, 342, 348–49
Douglas thrown out of Democratic caucus, 446
election results, 1860, 628
English bill and, xiii, 343–44, 363
extension of slavery controversy, 78–79
Gag Rule and, 65, 114, 436, 503
House Special Committee to Investigate the Troubles in Kansas, 45, 46–47, 49
Kansas as slave or free state, xiii, 34, 37, 38, 342–43
Lincoln in, 6, 45, 71, 184, 187–88
members carrying weapons, 51, 456
midterms, 1858, and, 444
North vs. South in, 46
Pierce in, 8
Republicans physically attacked in, 337
Senate Committee on John Brown’s raid at Harpers Ferry, 465, 506, 548
Senate debate on Lecompton, 332–43
Senate’s proslavery bloc, 4
Seward’s “The Irrepressible Conflict” speech, 1860, 509–11, 528
Sherman nominated as Speaker, smear campaign and, 500–504
Southern hotspurs in, 130
Sumner attack, response to, 143–44, 149–51
Sumner on the 33rd, 81
Sumner’s attack on the Fugitive Slave Act, 78–79
Sumner’s enemies in, 79, 80, 87, 89–90
Sumner’s silencing in, 77
Sumner’s speech, “The Crime Against Kansas,” 1856, xi, 106–13
Sumner vs. Douglas in, 81, 87
transcontinental railway and, 15
36th Congress convened, 499–500
Trumbull’s maiden Senate speech, 28, 30
Winthrop as Speaker, 69
U.S. Constitution
constitutional right to slavery and, 509
Fifteenth Amendment, 107
Fourteenth Amendment, 107
Garrison’s views and, 63, 79
Lincoln’s Cooper Union speech and, 530
Lincoln’s research on, 526
Lincoln’s view on, 200
slavery issue and, 4, 63–64, 78, 200, 213, 285, 408, 531
Southern secession and, 534–35
Sumner’s views and, 63–64, 78
Webster’s oration on, 278
U.S. Supreme Court
Brown v. Board of Education, 74
Dred Scott v. John Sanford, xxii, 3, 95, 96, 226, 273–88
Jones v. Van Zandt, 226
McLean as justice, 226, 227
Miller v. McQuerry, 226
Moore v. Illinois, 280
Plessy v. Ferguson, 74
Prigg v. Pennsylvania, 226, 272–73
Taney as Chief Justice, 272
United States v. Hanway, 280
Vallandigham, Clement, xvi, 484, 485
Van Buren, John, 70, 71
Van Buren, Martin, 10, 70, 96, 209, 241, 312, 331, 375, 396
Van Rensselaer, Thomas, 164
Victoria, Queen of England, 291
Villard, Henry, xix, 419, 515–16
Villard, Oswald Garrison, 491
Virginia
John Brown trial in, 487–88, 496
Democratic Party, Chivalry faction, 496, 497
Memminger’s appeal to, 498–99
secession and, 498
See also Harpers Ferry, Va.; Wise, Henry A.
Volk, Leonard, xviii, 575–76, 597, 597, 599
Wade, Benjamin, xvi, 23, 38, 39
Wakarusa War, xi, 18
Walker, David, 312
Walker, Duncan, 311
Walker, George, 176
Walker, Mary Bache, 311
Walker, Robert J., xviii, 107, 310–28, 333, 335, 455
Buchanan and, xii, 313, 327, 329, 446
Buchanan-Walker letter, 548, 549
Jefferson Davis as protégé of, 313, 317
Douglas and, 313–15, 329, 330, 331, 343–44
as Kansas territorial governor, xiii, 310–11, 313–28
“The Wizard of Mississippi,” 312, 314, 344
Wallace, Lew, 398
Wallace, W. H. L., 354, 355
Walther, Eric, 553
Walton, E. P., 148
Ward, Sam, 560
Washburn, Cadwallader, 337
Washburne, Elihu, xvi, 29, 337, 351, 352, 353, 388
Washington, B. B., 490
Washington, D.C.
“Abolition House,” 38, 45, 92
antislavery newspaper in, 95
Douglas Row, 292
F Street Mess, 23, 77, 78, 105, 116, 123, 132, 207, 269, 271, 276, 542, 543
Gautier’s restaurant, 125
Greeley attacked in, 51
Lincoln’s emancipation proposal, 45, 131, 312
National Hotel, 279, 290
the Republican Association of, 95–96
slavery in, 59, 61
as Southern city, 56, 59, 130
Willard’s Hotel murder, 51, 132
Wilson’s description, Buchanan in office, 272
Washington, George, 83, 106, 108, 240, 480, 533
Washington, Lewis W., xxi, 480, 481, 483
Washington Constitution, 454
Washington Globe, 96
Washington Star, 88, 91
Washington States, 443
Washington Union, 88, 98, 125, 323, 447, 448
anti-Douglas positions, 345, 363, 381, 392
as Buchanan’s voice, 317, 381, 392
Dred Scott decision and, 277–78, 286, 392
as pro-administration, Democratic paper, 206, 268–69, 277, 286, 443
Wayne, James, 278, 280, 281
Webb, Edwin Bathurst “Bat,” 218–19
Webb, James Watson, 427
Webster, Daniel, 4, 5, 23, 55, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 71, 74–75, 272, 278
“Second Reply to Hayne,” 358, 360
Webster, Sidney, 8
Weed, Thurlow, xix, 34–35, 36, 98, 107, 229, 234, 244, 249, 271, 334, 351, 567
Astor House, New York City and, 34, 244, 525
bribery by, 585
Chicago convention and, 571, 581, 584–86, 589, 594–96
Lincoln and, 596
Weekly Native Citizen, 255
Weik, Jesse, 387
Weld, Theodore, xx, 92, 621
Weller, John B., 79, 454
Welles, Gideon, xxi, 35, 585
Wentworth, John “Long John,” xviii, 132, 198, 220, 351, 437, 569, 577
Judd conflict with, 519–22, 564, 566
Lincoln for president and, 565–66, 567, 570
West, Edward C., 103
Westport (Mo.) Border Times, 169
Weydemeyer, Joseph, 623
Whig Party, 34, 35, 36, 61, 69, 93, 222, 331
as anti-abolition, 188, 190
Buchanan’s 1856 candidacy and, 225, 226
Conscience Whigs, 59, 65, 66, 69, 70
The Conservative campaign newspaper, 256
Cotton Whigs, 65, 80, 99
David Davis and, 250
defeat in 1850, 76
defeat in 1852, 7
defectors from, xi, 226, 261, 378, 394, 422
disintegration of, 22, 36, 94, 188, 223, 250
Everett personifying, 149
Fillmore and, 218, 219, 220, 238, 261
in Illinois, 189, 305
landslide of 1840, 312
Lincoln and, 6–7, 29, 71, 94, 187, 218, 256, 527
Mary Todd Lincoln’s family and, 221
Lincoln speaking tour, 1848, 435
Lincoln’s Senate run and, 188, 189, 219–21
&n
bsp; McLean and, 228
presidential election of 1840 and, 251
presidential election of 1848 and, 70, 72
Southern Whigs, 222, 261
split in, 7, 69, 75
Stevens and, 232
Sumner and, 54, 64, 69, 70–71, 77
Washington newspaper of, 226–27
Young Whigs, 65
Whig Party, Old Whigs, 94, 188, 196, 197, 394–95, 437–39, 441, 511, 519, 520, 522, 523, 524, 559, 566, 579, 583, 586, 591, 615, 618
Buchanan and, 223, 225, 511
Constitutional Union Party and, 559
Crittenden as, 31
Curtis as, 285
defection of, 6, 38, 95, 148, 198–99, 234, 254–55
Dickey as, 356
as Douglas supporters, 22
Everett as, 39
Fillmore and, 218, 219, 220, 222, 223, 245, 255
in Illinois, 220, 250, 365, 415, 416
Know Nothings and, 218, 223, 234, 255
Lincoln appeal to, 204, 217–18, 223, 225–26, 255, 257, 259, 260, 263, 376–82, 385, 422, 439, 441
Lincoln for president and, 438, 583, 586, 591
Lincoln’s friends, 190, 191, 197
Lincoln’s speech of June 10, 1856 and, 217
McLean and, 228, 250–51
opposition to Lovejoy, 251–52
Republican Party and, 218, 353, 354, 365
Stevens and, 232
Webster wing of, 285
Whipple, Edwin Percy, 67–68
White, Horace, 346, 361, 380, 387, 422–23, 519
White, Julius, 575
white supremacy, 124, 282, 296, 299, 390–91, 469, 503
of Douglas, 40, 296, 364, 379–80, 390–91, 399, 400, 445, 459, 511
Whitfield, John W., 47
Whiting, Catharine, 240
Whiting, Thomas, 240
Whitman, Walt, xix, 246–47
Whitney, Henry Clay, xviii, 184, 199, 204, 228, 235, 252–53, 418, 425, 516, 520
on Lincoln, 184, 185–86, 193, 195, 197–98
Lincoln’s Bloomington speech and, 202
Lincoln Senate race, 1858 and, 366
Whittier, James Greenleaf, 53, 498
Wigfall, Louis T., 126
Wilberforce, William, 373–74, 374
Wilkinson, Allen, 168
Williams, Archibald, 197, 199, 418
Willich, August, 623
Wilmot, David, xvi, 233, 591
Wilmot Proviso, 5, 75, 392
Wilson, Charles L., 352, 358–59
Wilson, Henry, 39–40, 41, 50, 51, 65, 72, 109, 121, 125, 149, 150–51, 230, 249, 333, 335, 388, 492, 609
analysis of Douglas, 41
attack on Sumner and, 143–44, 149
Brooks challenges to a duel, 149
Forbes’s warning about John Brown, 467, 471–72, 476, 506–7
Gwin duel, 455
on Kansas question, 343, 344
Lincoln and, 348, 350, 620
violence threatened against, 145, 149, 150, 272
Washington under Buchanan described, 272
Winthrop, John, 64, 66, 106, 108
Winthrop, Robert C., xvi, 64–66, 69, 71, 75, 147
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