“Queries Respecting the Slavery and Emancipation of Negroes in Massachusetts” (Belknap), 86–87
Quincy, Ill., 305, 401, 425, 523
Lincoln-Douglas debate at, 401–5, 402
Quincy, Josiah, 60, 174, 175
Quincy Daily Whig, 102
Quitman, John, 154, 214, 337, 543
racial equality
Davis’s opposition to, 512
Douglas’s opposition to, 364, 370, 379–80, 384, 393, 406, 445
Lincoln and, 368–69, 370, 371, 373, 379–80, 381, 384–85, 388, 389, 390, 393–401, 407, 458–59, 619
Taney and Dred Scott decision, 407
Radical Abolition Party, 620
Radical Political Abolitionists, 166, 389
Ram’s Horn, The, 164–65
Rankin, Henry B., xvii, 186, 257–58, 526
Ray, Charles H., xvii, 329, 388, 417, 444, 583, 590
Raymond, Henry J., xix, 35, 36, 100, 581, 584
Realf, Richard, 472–73
Redpath, James, xxi, 158, 170, 178, 466, 473, 478
Reeder, Andrew, xi, xviii, 16, 18, 45, 49–50, 129, 196, 200, 307, 589
Republican Party, 251, 261, 278, 441, 535–36
abolitionists and, 177, 189, 218, 220, 238, 251, 259, 260, 353, 365, 377
Anti-Nebraska position, 93, 225
as antislavery, 131, 189, 303, 349, 361
attack on Sumner, effect of, 148, 174
Bird Club, 175, 177, 476, 495, 507
Blair and, 95–97
John Brown and, 498, 508, 533
Buchanan’s goal to destroy, 267
Calhoun vs. Adams and, 78
celebration banquet, 1856, Chicago and Lincoln speech, 262–63
Chase’s “Ohio Plan,” 95, 98–99
Chicago convention, 1860, 524, 527, 576–96
circular: Tyranny of the Slave Power, 174
conservatism and, 533
core principles, 432
Democrat defectors to, xi, 148, 215, 220, 269, 331, 520, 585, 594
Dred Scott decision and, 286, 294
Eastern Republicans and Douglas, 333–35, 347–52, 360, 376, 426, 428, 430, 456, 457, 536–37
emergence of, xi, 36, 93–100, 148, 177
first Republican governor, 94
founders and first members, 437
founding convention, Pittsburgh, xi, 46, 100
Frémont for president, xii, 96, 99, 174, 226, 228–31, 233–35, 237, 242–44, 255, 579
Fugitive Slave Act opposed, 197, 436, 440, 504
German Americans and, 368, 579, 590–91, 622
hopes for 1860, 229
Impending Crisis of the South circulated, 500
innovation of a public campaign, 353
Kansas and, 231, 331
kept off the Southern ballot, 628
Lincoln and, 265, 348, 360, 429–31, 439–40
Lincoln campaigning for, 257–60, 456–62
Lincoln for vice president, 1856, xii, 234–35
Lincoln speaking for, 532–33
Lincoln’s presidential campaign and, 615–27
Lincoln’s presidential nomination, xiv, 423–24, 433, 440–42, 516, 518, 524, 527, 563–64
McLean presidential bids 225, 228–29, 233, 234, 564, 565, 566, 572, 585, 587, 593, 594
midterm gains, 1858, 444
naming of, 191, 224
nativism and, 231, 434
northern strength of, 261, 278, 444
Ohio, and Fugitive Slave Law, 436, 440–41
Ohio off-year election, xiv, 456–62
Old Whigs and, 218, 353, 394
Philadelphia convention, 1856, 229–35
Philadelphia Platform, 580
platform of 1856, 231, 588
platform of 1860, 588, 625
presidential hopefuls, 1860, 523–25, 564–65, 571, 572, 579–81, 585
“Public Indignation” meetings, 144
Seward’s presidential run, 1860, 426, 433, 435, 492, 504, 509–12, 525, 527, 538, 562, 564, 566, 571, 576, 577, 578
slavery extension opposed, 100, 166, 231, 286
Southern secession and, 474, 535
state parties of, 94
stigma of, 95–96
Sumner and moral purpose, 56
sweep of 1859, 462
36th Congress and, 500
Thurmond and modern party, 126
violence threatened against, 143, 145
A Voice from the Grave of Jackson! and, 100
Whig defectors joining, 422
Wide Awakes, 576, 615–18, 617, 622
women in Frémont campaign, 243
Republican Party, Illinois, 30, 50, 125, 186, 189, 191–92, 196, 218, 330–31
abolitionists and, 190, 199, 204, 621–22
anti-nativism and, 191, 231, 257, 368, 434
as anti-Nebraska party, 253
Bissell as governor candidate, 198–200, 251
Bloomington convention, 50, 186–87, 191–92, 196–204, 220, 425
bolters’ convention, 253–54
Congressional nomination, 1856, 250–51, 253
Decatur convention, 1860, 566–70, 580
defections to Douglas and, 351–52
Douglas denounced by, 197
Douglas’s win, concern about, 425
election results, 1858, 415–16
German Americans and, 191, 197, 204, 218, 255, 256, 262
Judd-Wentworth conflict and, 519–20
Know Nothings and, 254–55
leaders of, 425
Lincoln and, xi, 30, 174, 186–89, 191, 197, 204, 218, 223–24, 252, 254–55, 425
Lincoln for president and, xiii, xiv, 425, 433, 435, 442, 522, 523–24, 563–64, 567–69, 580
Lincoln for U.S. Senate and, 358–59, 363–414
Lincoln’s acceptance speech, xiii, 355, 359–61
Lincoln’s “Lost Speech,” xii, 201–3
Old Whigs and, 196, 200, 204, 223
opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act, 197
organizing meeting for, 1856, 519
presidential candidates for 1860 and, 566
Princeton event, Lincoln and, 251
run for Harris’s seat, 425
Seward as presidential hopeful, 426–27, 569
slavery extension opposed, 200
Springfield convention, 1858, 358–61
Rhett, Robert Barnwell, xix, 129, 547, 553, 554, 557
Rhett, Robert Barnwell, Jr., 129
Rice, Alexander H., 175
Rice, Henry, 292
Richardson, William, xvi, 45, 213, 290, 603
Richmond, Dean, xix, 22, 206, 214, 452, 557, 558, 605, 608, 611
Richmond Dispatch, 239
Richmond Enquirer, xix, 145, 194, 240, 262, 264, 317, 326, 356, 381, 496
“Fremont and Disunion,” 245
Richmond South, 317
Rise and Progress of the Bloody Outbreak at Harper’s Ferry (Democratic Vigilant Committee), 492–93
Rivers, Thomas, 121
Rives, William Cabell, 331–32
Roberts, Benjamin, xviii, 73
Robertson, George, 356
Roberts v. the City of Boston, 73, 74, 107
Robinson, Charles, xviii, 18, 46, 47, 49, 50, 124, 167–68, 169, 308, 318, 474
Robinson, Sara, xviii, 46, 47, 50, 196, 200, 308
Rock Island Register, 433, 521, 586
Ruffin, Edmond, xix, 271, 496–97
Rusk, Thomas Jefferson, 213
Russell, Henry M., 593
Rust, Albert C., 51
St. John, W. H. H., 137
St. Louis, Mo., 275–76, 277, 284, 286
St. Louis Democrat, 596
St. Paul Pioneer and Democrat, 552
Samson, George W., 141
Sanborn, Franklin, xxi, 176, 177, 468–69, 471, 475, 479, 494, 495
Sanders, George N., 330, 451, 555
Sanford, John, xxii, 276, 286
Sargent, Nathan, 239, 437–39
Savage, John, 152
S
ayres, Edward, 78
Schenck, Robert C., 625
Schneider, George, xvii, 191, 231, 257, 435, 580, 589
Schouler, William, 71
Schurz, Carl, 55, 56, 256, 257, 403–5, 584, 589, 595, 615, 622–23
Scott, Dred, xxii, 274–78, 275, 282, 284, 286
Scott, Harriet, xxii, 274
Scott, Winfield, 7
Scripps, John Locke, xvii, 200, 361
Scriptural Examination of the Institution of Slavery, A (Cobb), 320
secession, 5, 114, 130, 333, 341
antislavery president as trigger for, 24, 461, 474, 535, 554, 609
John Brown’s raid and, 498–99
Buchanan and, 215, 326
conference for, 498
Jefferson Davis on, 449
Douglas’s conspiracy theory and, 609, 612
Douglas’s presidential nomination and, 604
Fillmore’s warning about, 238–39
Frémont’s candidacy and, 245, 249
League of United Southerners, 496
Lincoln informed about preparations for, 625
Lincoln’s election and, 614, 626, 628
Lincoln’s prophecy on, 535
proponents of, 547
Seward’s “irrepressible conflict” and, 428
Seward’s vision of, 37–38
South Carolina and, xiv, 128, 326, 499, 618, 626, 628
Southern Fire-Eaters and, 58, 88, 129, 130, 222, 271, 333, 342, 373, 516, 550, 552, 553, 554, 558
U.S. Constitution and, 534–35
Yancey and, 554, 600, 613
Secret Six, xviii, xxi, 469, 470–76, 479, 484, 493–94, 620
Seddon, James, 198, 497
Self Elevator newspaper, 73
Seminole War, 274
Senate, U.S. See U.S. Congress
Seward, Frances, 34
Seward, William H., xv, 34–37, 35, 71, 95, 98, 99, 148, 226, 229, 244, 271, 272, 311, 334, 335, 338, 351, 423–24, 493, 501
antislavery views of, 339, 510, 511
John Brown’s raid and, 465, 467, 492, 493, 496, 506–7, 510, 512
Buchanan-Taney collusion and, 287, 288
Douglas and, 38, 40, 427, 511
enemies of, 35–36, 524
Fillmore and, 222
as the “great pacifier,” 511
“Higher Law” doctrine, 35, 590
“The Irrepressible Conflict” speech, 427, 428, 509–11, 513, 528, 538, 578, 588, 590
Lincoln and, 348, 350, 352, 527
misjudgments of, 512
Republican Party and, 36, 427, 448
Republican presidential try, 1860, 426, 433, 435, 492, 504, 509–12, 524, 525, 538, 562, 564, 566, 567, 571, 576, 577, 578, 581–82, 588, 594–95
Rochester speech, 427–28
as Secretary of State, 595
speech on Lecompton, slavery, and Buchanan, 339–40
stumping for Lincoln, 610, 615, 623–24
Sumner and, 54, 121, 143, 144, 173
Underground Railroad and, 510
vision of civil war, 37–38, 340
Seymour, Horatio, 557, 605
Shakespeare, William, 13, 108, 109, 111, 132
Lincoln’s allusions to, 6, 360
Shannon, Wilson, xviii, 16, 17, 46, 50, 307–8, 315
Sharp, Granville, 373
Shaw, Lemuel, 74
Sheahan, James W., xvii, 22, 370, 415, 451, 539, 542, 547
Shelby, John, 304–6
Shepherd, Hayward, xxi
Sherman, “Dutch” Bill, 168, 476–77
Sherman, “Dutch” Henry, 168
Sherman, John, xvi, 46, 47, 49, 500, 500–504
Sherman, William Tecumseh, 46, 500
Shields, James, 29, 198
Simms, William Gilmore, 155, 553
Simonton, James, 135
Sims, Thomas, 76
Singleton, James W., 22
Slave Abolition Act of 1833, 373
Slave Power, 7, 24, 55, 174, 201, 202, 218, 238, 357, 409, 417, 430, 502, 535, 623
Douglas and, 111
Dred Scott decision and, 357
leaders of, 143
Lincoln on, 300, 536
Northern money and, 59
Republican Party circular on, 174
sexual metaphor and, 92, 107
Sumner’s attack on, 55, 59, 65, 70–71, 76, 77, 87, 107, 108, 109, 111, 114
slavery, 3, 4, 68–69, 77, 83–84, 99, 340
black inferiority argument, 283, 284, 295, 341, 369, 379, 384, 395–96, 399–401, 432, 469
Broderick’s murder and, 455
Calhoun and, 23–24
Christiana Riot, 210, 232, 280
Cobb’s ideas on, 320
Constitution and, 4, 63–64, 78, 200, 213, 285, 304, 386, 393, 408, 410, 531–32
slavery (cont.)
the Creole case and, 63, 64
as a crime against democracy, 111, 146
Douglas and, 333, 349, 359, 380, 402, 410–11, 455, 458, 544
Dred Scott case, 3, 95, 96
extension of, xiv, 68–69, 70–71, 74–75, 78–79, 148, 190, 200, 226, 227, 264, 391–92, 445, 536, 543, 552, 560
fear of racial equality and, 295–96, 300
fugitive slave issue, 3, 59, 226, 232, 272–73, 280, 399, 436–37, 469
Garner case and, 112
great awakening (against slavery), 251
Great Britain’s abolition of, 373–74
Hammond’s defense of, 340–41
Kansas controversy, 21–43
Lincoln and, 5, 6, 189, 190, 191, 259, 349, 369, 422, 431, 458
Lincoln and, as a moral question, 367–68, 401, 402, 410–11, 460
Lincoln on emancipation, 372–74
Lincoln’s “All the powers of earth” speech, June 26, 1857 and, 299–300
Lincoln’s Cooper Union speech and, 530
McLean’s position on, 226–27
mulattoes and, 92, 112, 113, 141, 303
New England business interests and, 626
Northwest Territory and, 26, 30, 39, 69, 78, 431
Pearl fugitive slave case, 78, 80
photography and, 91, 92
race mixing fears and, 295, 300–303
Republican Party and, 349
restricted in the North, 4, 15, 26
runaway, mulattos as, 85
secession and, 24
Seward on the overthrow of, 36
sexual predation and control and, 59, 84–85, 92, 109, 110, 112–15, 118, 140, 302–3, 341–42, 396
“slave market in New Orleans,” 289
slave marriages, 274
slave revolts, 60, 61, 160, 163, 473, 517, 533–34
slave vs. free state controversy, 3–11, 68–69
as the South’s “peculiar institution,” 27, 277, 284, 312, 470
Sumner on, as criminal, 108, 110, 114
as threat to the Union, 461
Wilmot Proviso and Lincoln, 5
worth of slaves, dollar amount, 259
Slidell, John, xv, 136–37, 178, 211–13, 212, 290, 343, 446–47, 545, 546, 553, 605, 606
Kansas “bogus legislature” and, 309
as Louisiana favorite son, 540
war against Douglas, 415, 446–47
Smith, Caleb, xxi, 583, 589, 593
Smith, Gerrit, xxi, 165, 166, 167, 494, 620
John Brown and, 165, 166, 167, 171, 177, 466, 468, 471, 475–76, 496
investigation of Harpers Ferry raid and, 493–94
Smith, Lydia Hamilton, 232
Sociology for the South, or The Failure of Free Society (Fitzhugh), xix, 260, 264, 356, 357
Sojourner Truth, 164
Song of Hiawatha (Longfellow), 315
Soulé, Pierre, 540
South Carolina
assassination attempt on Sumner and, 145
Brooks as icon of Southern Rights, 154
Brooks family in, 125, 147
Code Duello, 126, 139
Democratic Party in, 129, 452
Edgefield, 125–26, 128, 129, 155
firing on Fort Sumter, 618
Hammond and, 341–42
Massachusetts’s lawsuit against, 127
militias in, 499
Ordinance of Secession, 128
Parker on so-called chivalry of, 147
plantation elite, 125–26
secession and, xiv, 326, 499, 618, 626, 628
slavery and, 116 (see also Butler, Andrew)
South Carolinian, 145
Southern Chivalry (Magree), 123
Southern Confederacy, 499, 552
Southern Quarterly Review, 155, 553
Southern Rightists, 15, 24, 129, 320, 448
Southern Ultras, 129, 132, 249, 310, 317, 318, 396–97, 428, 438, 446, 452, 455, 456, 508, 520, 541, 543, 552, 556, 558, 600, 609
Southside Democrat, 451
Spalding, Rufus P., 233
Spartacus, 475
Speed, Joshua, 17, 187, 196
Springfield, Ill.
anti-nativism protests, 434
“Billy the Barber” in, 304
Douglas’s Dred Scott speech, xii, 293–97
Election Day, 1860, 626
free black community in, 304
Frémont’s votes in, 262
immigrants in, 250
Lincoln and moving capital to, 187
Lincoln as Republican Party delegate, 125
Lincoln awaiting news of presidential nomination, 576, 587, 589–90, 591, 596–97
Lincoln-Browning meeting, 524
Lincoln campaign speech, 1858, 370–71
Lincoln club in, 522
Lincoln-Douglas Senate race, 370–71, 377–78
Lincoln’s anti-Nebraska bill speech, 93, 189
Lincoln’s Dred Scott speech, June 26, 1857, xii, xxiii–xxiv, 297–304
Lincoln’s house in, 7
Lincoln’s law office, 6, 163
Lincoln’s Lyceum Address, 1838, 191
Lincoln’s Senate run and, 353
Lincoln’s speech of June 10, 1856, 217–18
as “The Republican Mecca,” 618
Schurz visit to Lincoln in, 622–23
Seward stumping for Lincoln in, 623–24
Thomas Thomas in, 163
Springfield, Mass., 162, 276
John Brown and, 162–66, 176
First Congregational Church, 163
Fugitive Slave Act and, 165–66
Hampden County Antislavery Society, 162–63
League of Gileadites, 166
Underground Railroad in, 163
Zion Methodist Church, 163
Springfield Marine and Fire Insurance Co., 7
Squatter Sovereign newspaper, 18, 104, 170
urges a “war to the knife,” 47
squatter sovereignty, 97, 120, 280, 392, 403, 422, 440, 452, 459, 462, 601, 604, 608, 612, 616
Stanton, Edwin McMasters, 184
Stanton, Frederick P., xiii, xviii, 311, 315, 319, 326, 327, 335, 343
Stanton, Henry B., 509, 512, 595
Starry, John D., 481
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