England's Last War Against France

by Colin Smith

  and replacement of Laval, 154-5, 157–8, 405

  and son’s polio, 359–60, 362-3, 370, 373, 405-6

  and Syrian armistice, 260, 270, 273

  Darnand, Joseph, 408

  Darquier, Louis, 108

  David, Sergeant, 184

  Davies, Lieutenant-Commander Geoffrey, 73, 76

  Dayan, Moshe, 192–7

  Daylesford, 194

  de Chair, Captain Somerset, 99, 188, 247–50

  de Gaulle, Brigadier général Charles, 5-6, 50, 93, 150

  and Catroux, 172

  and Churchill, 99, 348, 354, 356

  and Dakar raid, 113, 116–21, 123–8, 133, 135-6

  and Darlan, 423-4

  death sentence in absentia, 98

  and Fashoda, 13, 17, 113

  and Free French recruitment, 99–100, 102-3, 188, 270, 273

  and Giraud, 250

  and Laval, 404, 431-2

  and liberation of France, 428–9

  and Madagascar, 283, 285, 336, 345-6, 355

  and Mers-el-Kébir, 98–9

  and Operation Torch, 347–8, 351, 354-6

  and Pétain, 17, 21, 29, 429

  and Syrian armistice, 270, 273, 367

  theories of warfare, 21, 29

  and Verdun, 21, 24

  de Winton, Captain Francis, 84

  Déat, Marcel, 156, 274

  Deir Ez Zor, 246, 255–7

  Dejean, Maurice, 345

  Delcassé, Théophile, 12

  Delhi, 340

  Denmark, 40

  Denniston, Commander Alastair, 152-3

  D’Entrecasteaux, 296, 298, 312–13

  Dentz, Général Henri, 34, 191-2, 245-6, 260-3, 265, 267–71, 273

  Dentz, Madame, 434

  Deraa, 191, 220-4

  Derrien, Amiral, 404

  Desagneaux, Henri, 26

  Devil’s Island, 14, 112

  Devonport, 2, 4, 48, 101

  Diego Suarez, 312, 314–15, 320, 323, 325–7, 329–31, 334–41, 344, 348, 354, 435

  capture of, 285, 288–91, 294–300

  Dieppe raid, 337–8, 346–7, 351

  Dijon, 271, 395-6

  Dill, Sir John, 232

  Dilworth, Lance Corporal Charles, 205, 217n

  Disher, Leo S., 379–85

  Djenné, 148–51, 154

  Djibouti, 220, 283, 420

  Doenitz, Admiral, 167, 288, 336, 420

  Donnybrook, Western Australia 203

  Dorange, Major André, 362, 389

  Doriot, Jacques, 395

  Douaumont fort, 21, 24

  Dower, K.C. Gandar, 349

  Doyen, Général, 110

  Doyle, Lieutenant Colonel, 391

  Dreyfus, Capitaine Alfred, 13–14, 112

  Dudgeon, Squadron Leader Tony, 178–9, 181, 249

  Dufay, Lieutenant de vaisseau Bernard, 64–7

  Dumas, Alexandre, 10

  Dunbar-Nasmith, Admiral Sir, 47, 49–51, 55, 149

  Duncan, Lieutenant Paul, 380, 382-3

  Dundee, 100, 355, 432

  Dunkerque, 37–9, 46, 57–8, 60, 64–70, 73, 75, 422-3

  attack on, 78–9, 87–8, 98, 185

  Dunkerque, class ships, 46, 82, 320

  Dunkirk, 1-2, 4, 6, 44, 60-1, 94-5, 99, 197, 218, 289, 305, 320, 369, 376, 378

  Dunwoodie, Sergeant William, 182

  Duperré, Amiral Guy-Victor, 390

  Dupuy, Pierre, 141, 145

  Durban, 281, 285, 289, 294, 297, 334-5, 354

  East Africa, 282, 285, 291, 330, 336

  East Lancashire Regiment, 286, 298, 307–8, 310, 314, 329, 341

  Eboué, Governor Félix, 112, 132

  École de Guerre, 15

  École Navale, 35

  Eden, Anthony, 109, 336, 345-6

  Edward VII, King, 9–10, 16, 27

  Edward VIII, King, 90

  Edward, the Black Prince, 117

  Egon, Ingénieur mécanicien en chef, 77–8

  Egypt, 11–12, 59–60, 133, 146–7, 289

  and defence of Habbiniya, 175, 177, 180

  and evacuation of Crete, 186, 189, 242

  Italian expulsion, and Litani river

  crossings, 197, 199–200, 203, 209

  supply routes, 285, 331, 335

  and Western Desert campaign, 173, 177, 185, 189, 224, 229, 236, 337, 349

  Ehret, Sergent, 299

  Eiffel Tower, 27–8

  Eisenhower, General Dwight, 349, 361, 364–8, 371-3, 387, 392-3, 402, 424

  El Alamein, 337, 340, 349, 351, 355-6, 362-3, 370, 405, 413, 425

  El Mina, 191

  Elba, 92

  Elizabeth, Queen, 25, 27–8

  el-Kawakji, Fawzi, 254-6

  Emden, Midshipman Roger, 116–17, 122

  Emerton, Captain Hector, 312–13

  Empire Pride, 340

  England, Lieutenant Ian, 129–30

  English Channel, 35, 94, 99, 147, 347

  Enigma machines, 152

  Entente Cordiale, 16–17, 25, 27, 232

  Entente Cordiale, 48

  Epervier, 378, 381-4, 397–400

  Eritrea, 174, 222, 224, 228, 231, 240, 246

  Essex Regiment, 174, 246, 254

  Esterhazy, Commandant Ferdinand, 14

  Ethiopia, 31, 143, 170, 192, 227; see also Abyssinia

  Eton College, 203n

  Ettrick, 115, 135

  Eugénie, Empress, 12

  Euphrates, river, 163, 174-5, 180, 246, 256, 259

  Evelegh, Major General Vyvyan, 390

  Everett, Lieutenant Robert, 298–9

  Exercise Touchstone, 340-1

  Ezraa, 225, 235-6

  Fallujah, 180, 187

  Famagusta, 199–200

  Farmiloe, Captain Robin, 210

  Farquharson-Roberts, Stuart, 124

  Fashoda Incident, 10–14, 16–17, 93, 113, 198, 283, 291, 346

  Fauché, Capitaine Louis, 354

  Fedala, 413–16

  Fenard, Amiral Raymond, 359–60, 363, 369, 371, 373, 389, 397

  Fenard, Madame, 359

  Fergusson, Major Bernard, 228, 236–9, 241-3

  Festing, Brigadier Francis, 286, 288, 298, 300-1, 305–8, 312, 315n, 316, 325-6, 329, 338, 343

  Fettes School, 215

  Fianarantsoa, 344, 348

  Fields, Gracie, 375n

  Figaro, 37, 107n

  Finland, 41, 114

  First Gulf War, 18on

  First World War, 17–27, 106, 187, 426

  Fischer, Unteroffizier, 182

  Fleet Street, 18, 146, 329–30

  Fliegerkorps, 186

  Foch, 418, 423

  Foch, Maréchal Ferdinand, 2, 22, 24, 26–7, 35, 46, 90, 98, 120

  Fonck, Colonel René, 103-4, 107

  Fontenoy, Battle of, 121

  Force 121, 286–8

  Force H, 60-2, 68, 76, 81, 84, 86, 114

  Forces Françaises de l’Intérieur, 428

  Foreign Legion, 43-4

  Brigade Monclar, 114, 123, 127, 241

  Foreign Legionnaires, 23, 192, 233, 256, 261-2, 270-1

  Foreign Office, 27, 91, 98, 142, 166

  Forester, C.S., 320

  Fort Bellevue, 291, 302, 306, 316

  Fort Caimans, 291

  Fort Châtillon, 431-2

  Fort L’Empereur, 391

  Fort La Malgue, 421

  Fort Laumone, 382

  Fougueux, 411

  France

  Anglophobia, 25-6

  British bombing, 275

  economic blockade, 148, 155, 167

  German invasion, 43

  gold reserves, 38, 143

  and naval conference, 35-6

  relations with Britain, 92, 137–45, 278

  resistance and hostage-taking, 273

  separation of Church and state, 14–15

  Third Republic, 30-1, 104-5

  total occupation, 416–17

  see also Vichy regime

  France Libre d’Outremer, 285

 
Franck, Lisette, 139

  Franco, General Francisco, 5, 36, 93, 107, 135, 143, 167, 261, 287

  meeting with Hitler, 139–40, 142, 145, 159

  Franco-Prussian War, 10, 12–13, 15, 341, 346

  Frappart, Kapitänleutnant Ruault von, 419, 421

  Free French

  and Bir Hacheim, 345

  and Dakar raid, 111–36

  and liberation of Paris, 428–9

  and Madagascar, 336, 345-6

  recruitment, 50, 99–100, 102-3, 111, 270, 273

  and signals intelligence, 151

  and Syria, 172-3, 192, 220-6, 237–8, 243, 260, 264, 268, 270-1

  Freemasons, 14–15, 35, 104, 156

  Freetown, 116–17, 135, 154, 289

  French, Sir John, 25, 32

  French Army, 1, 4-5, 13–15, 19–20

  French Cameroons, 112, 116, 336

  French Congo, 11, 112

  French Empire, 16, 112–13, 403, 423

  French Equatorial Africa, 150, 345

  French fleet, 3-4, 150

  and British ultimatum, 63

  and Catholicism, 70

  dispersal, 45-6, 57–63

  sinking at Toulon, 417–23

  French Guiana, 14, 112

  French Light Mountain Division, 99

  French North Africa, 36–7, 57, 59, 61, 75-6, 112, 138, 143, 145, 159, 169

  Allied invasion, 347–8, 350-2, 355-6, 362-3, 375–415

  general ceasefire, 415–16, 423-5

  French Resistance, 425, 428, 431

  French Revolution, 32, 90, 327

  French shipping, seizures of, 168–9

  French West Africa, 16, 46, 96, 111, 154, 168, 362, 406, 411, 420, 423-5

  Fresnes prison, 430, 432

  Freyberg, Major General Bernard, 171, 186, 272, 346

  Friend, Lieutenant Charles, 117, 129

  Frondeur, 411

  Frossard, Lieutenant de vaisseau Louis, 84-5, 87

  fusiliers marins, 123, 126–7

  Fusiliers Mont Royal, 337

  Gaillet (Gaullist officer), 118

  Gallipoli landings, 19, 43, 230, 286, 312

  Gambia, 111, 122

  Gamelin, Général Maurice-Gustave, 32, 34

  Gandhi, Mahatma, 30, 338

  Gardes Mobiles, 389

  Garland, Lieutenant Eric, 197–8, 203n, 204–7, 218

  Garrouste, Commissioner, 295

  Geneva Convention, 434

  Genin, Colonel, 225, 235

  Genoa, 46

  Gensoul, Amiral Marcel-Bruno, 37–40, 421, 435

  and British ultimatum, 62–70, 73-5, 96

  and French dispersal, 45-6, 48, 58–60

  and Mers-el-Kébir battle, 76–7, 80-1, 87–9

  Gentforce, 222, 225, 228, 230, 236–7, 239–41

  George VI, King, 25, 27–8, 37, 60, 145, 422

  Georges Leygues, 124, 134

  German aircrew, 62

  German fleet, 43-4

  German Grand Fleet, 419

  German naval codes, 66

  Geronimo, 23

  Getcliffe, Lieutenant Colonel David, 341

  Gettysburg, Battle of, 375

  Ghabagheb, 228

  Ghesquiere, Sergent, 257

  Ghouta Gardens, 237

  Gibraltar, 16, 36–7, 167–8, 277, 320, 364, 417, 424

  and Mers-el-Kébir operation, 59–62, 68, 87

  and Operation Torch, 355, 361, 363, 365, 372, 379, 381, 386, 388, 393, 401-2, 409

  and Spanish threat, 139, 142

  Vichy air raids, 132, 135

  Gibraltar squadron, 12

  Gieser, Lieutenant, 391

  Giraud, Général Henri-Honoré, 350-1, 359, 361-2, 366–73, 388, 390, 394, 401-3, 406–7, 420, 424, 427

  Glasgow, 210, 233, 364

  Gloire, 39

  Glubb Pasha, 174, 255-6, 346

  Gneisenau, 43

  Godfrey, Admiral John, 282, 285

  Godfroy, Vice-amiral René, 46, 59, 67, 93, 117, 186, 265

  Goebbels, Joseph, 110, 144

  Goering, Hermann, 3, 104, 107, 111, 113, 159

  Golan Heights, 191, 220-1

  Golden Square, 166, 169, 180

  Goodbye to All That (Robert Graves), 25–26

  Gordon, Private James, 263-4

  Gorée Island, 111, 121, 124, 134

  Gort, Lord, 4, 32, 34

  Grafftey-Smith, Laurence, 336, 339

  Grall, Hervé, 69

  Grall, Herveline, 69

  Grall, Ingénieur mécanicien Xavier, 69–70, 77–8, 87

  Grant, Commissioned Torpedo Gunner, 96

  Graubner, Oberleutnant, 182

  Grayson, Gunner Geoffrey, 235

  Graz, 271

  Great Lakes, 364, 381

  Greatwood, Lieutenant Colonel Henry, 240

  Greece, 93, 183, 271, 387

  Greek campaign, 145-6, 166, 169–71, 184, 186, 189, 199, 213, 251, 267

  Grenadier Guards, 32

  Griffiths, Lieutenant Patrick, 47–8, 51-3, 55-6, 148–9

  Grime, Sergeant, 303

  Grimm, Dr Friedrich, 109–10

  Grobba, Dr Fritz, 167, 180-1, 183

  Groupes de Protection, 156–7

  Guards brigades, 43-4

  Guderian, Heinz, 26

  Guépard, 212–14, 245, 259

  Guernica, 147

  Guernica (Picasso), 28

  Gueuser, Father de, 70-1

  Guillemet, Général de brigade, 341, 343, 344n, 345, 348

  Guillermo (Beirut surgeon), 211

  Guinea, 113

  Gulf of Adalia, 259

  Gurkhas, 22, 246, 256–60

  Habforce, 174-5, 219, 246

  Hackett, Captain Shan, 235-6

  Haddy, Corporal Alan, 204

  Haganah, 192-3, 214

  Haggard, Lieutenant Colonel Bevis, 266

  Haifa, 165, 174, 184, 192-3, 195, 197, 200, 202, 213–14, 220, 226, 245, 251

  Haig, Field Marshal Sir Douglas, 23-4, 26, 354

  Halifax, Lord, 94, 142

  Halifax, Nova Scotia, 39

  Hampton Roads, 363

  Hanatoux, Gabriel, 11–12

  Hardi, 131

  Harlech, Lord, 284

  Harris, Sub-Lieutenant John, 368–9, 371

  Harwood, Commodore Henry, 38–9

  Harwood, Lieutenant, 306

  Hearman, Captain John, 203-4, 206

  Heath, Able Seaman William, 51, 53-4, 56

  Heinzen, Ralph, 157, 273

  Hellenic Air Force, 177

  Hellenic Navy, 93

  Héloise, Lieutenant, 308–9

  Helsinki, 41

  Hendaye, 142, 145, 159

  Henri, Count of Paris, 347, 425

  Hermon mountain range, 232, 243

  Heron, Captain ‘Chips’, 294

  Herrtage, Flying Officer Gerald, 181-2

  Hess, Rudolf, 3, 187

  Hewitt, Admiral Henry Kent, 363, 410–11, 413–15

  Heye, Captain Hellmuth, 44

  Highland, Captain George, 204-5

  Himmler, Heinrich, 350, 397

  Hindenburg line, 26, 32

  Hitler, Adolf, 30, 32-4, 93, 138, 273, 287, 299, 347, 350

  and Darlan, 158–60

  and Duke of Reichstadt’s funeral, 154–7

  and First World War, 143

  and French fleet, 4, 49, 62, 67, 419

  and French North Africa, 368, 395–7, 400-1, 403-4

  intervention in Greece and North Africa, 169

  invasion of Russia, 158–9, 189

  and Laval, 139–40, 142, 145, 156, 277, 395–7, 400-1, 403-4

  meeting with Franco, 139–40, 142, 145, 159

  meeting with Mussolini, 3-4

  meeting with Pétain, 140-5, 147

  and Munich Agreement, 28–9

  and new Europe, 92, 104

  peace offers, 109–10, 147

  and total occupation of France, 416, 420

  HMAS Australia, 96, 123-4, 126–7, 134

  HMNZS Leander, 259
/>   HMS Ajax, 38, 170

  HMS Anthony, 315, 319–23, 325, 364

  HMS Arethusa, 60, 84-5

  HMS Ark Royal, 38, 40, 60, 68, 79, 81-3, 85, 87, 114, 117–19, 126, 128–32, 134, 185

  HMS Aurora, 399, 408

  HMS Bachaquero, 311–13, 315

  HMS Barham, 39, 114, 123-4, 126–7, 132-5, 186

  HMS Brilliant, 399–400

  HMS Broke, 364, 375–7, 385-6

  HMS Bulolo, 364

  HMS Campbeltown, 276

  HMS Cockchafer, 166

  HMS Cumberland, 116–17, 122, 129

  HMS Devonshire, 134, 313, 320

  HMS Duke of York, 365, 385

  HMS Fiji, 115, 124

  HMS Foresight, 122-3, 131, 133, 135

  HMS Formidable, 186, 245, 365

  HMS Fortune, 130

  HMS Foxhound, 60, 64-6, 68–9, 73, 76, 84, 88

  HMS Furious, 365

  HMS Glengyle, 197, 200, 202, 212

  HMS Glorious, 43

  HMS Glowworm, 44

  HMS Greyhound, 124

  HMS Hartland, 364, 378–9, 381-4, 388, 390, 397

  HMS Hermes, 38, 96–7

  HMS Hermione, 298, 314, 320, 326

  HMS Hood, 38, 60, 68, 70, 74, 76, 82, 84-6, 185, 422

  HMS Hotspur, 212–13

  HMS Illustrious, 289–90, 298, 326, 340

  HMS Indomitable, 289–90, 327

  HMS Isis, 203, 212–13

  HMS Jackal, 212–13

  HMS Jaguar, 168

  HMS Jamaica, 399–400, 408

  HMS Janus, 212–14

  HMS Jasmine, 326

  HMS Kandahar, 214

  HMS Keppel, 84

  HMS Kimberley, 213

  HMS Laforey, 293-4, 313

  HMS Largs, 363-4, 380

  HMS Malcolm, 364, 375–7, 386

  HMS Manchester, 122

  HMS Pakenham, 326

  HMS Paladin, 326

  HMS Pandora, 86–7

  HMS Parthian, 258

  HMS Prince of Wales, 286, 313, 340, 411

  HMS Ramillies, 289–90, 313–15, 319, 326–7, 332-5

  HMS Renown, 38–9, 42, 132, 365

  HMS Repulse, 42, 286, 313, 340, 411

  HMS Resolution, 60, 76, 84, 114, 132, 134-5, 137

  HMS Revenge, 4, 39

  HMS Roberts, 365, 385, 395

  HMS Rodney, 42, 365, 385, 408

  HMS Rorqual, 47–8

  HMS Seraph, 349, 354, 361, 366

  HMS Thames, 48–50, 55, 150

  HMS Valiant, 42, 60, 76, 84-5, 186

  HMS Walney, 364, 378–84, 388, 390, 397

  HMS Warspite, 42, 60, 186

  HMS Wrestler, 82, 84

  Hoare, Sir Samuel, 143

  Hodges, Lieutenant Commander John, 320-2, 325

  Hodgkinson, Lieutenant Commander Guy, 85-6

  Hoffreville, 296

  Hokoku Maru, 335

  Holdsworth, Flying Officer, 226

  Holland, Captain Cedric, 39–40, 60, 62–7, 69, 73-6, 81, 84, 88, 114, 120

  Holland, 3, 9, 21, 350

  Holmes, Colonel, 366–7, 373

  Homs, 243, 246–8, 251, 253, 256

  Hood, Admiral, 421

  Horn of Africa, 11, 339

  Hôtel Crillon, 90

  House of Commons, bombing of, 186–7