by Parag Khanna
Tarim basin, 32, 33, 35, 36, 59
Tatars, 89
technocratic governance systems, 286–313
civil service in, 292–93
data collection and, 295–96
policy corrections in, 291
utilitarianism and, 286, 298, 306
technological innovation, 195, 196–200
Teets, Jessica, 300–301
Tehran-Mashhad railway, 107
Tel Aviv, 98
telemedicine, 202
television, American, Asians in, 350
Tencent, 104, 167–68, 188, 189, 193, 198, 199, 200, 209, 314, 318, 319
Tenshin, Okakura, 351
terrorism, 62–63, 97, 113, 116–17, 139, 220, 231, 240
Tesla, 179
Tetlock, Philip, 291
Thailand, 61, 63, 89, 121, 122–23, 154
Asian foreign labor in, 335
in Cold War era, 53, 54
corruption in, 161
economic growth of, 148
eco-tourism in, 340
failure of democracy in, 302
foreign investment in, 192–93
manufacturing in, 192–93
military junta in, 307
privatization in, 170
technocracy in, 308
Thomas, Apostle, 36
3D printing, 213
Tibet, 34, 36, 38, 47, 52, 55, 120
Time, 288
Timur (Tamerlane), 41
Timurid Dynasty, 41, 42
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 291
Tokyo, 47, 342
top-down revolutions, 309–13
tourism:
in Asia, 213–14
Asian, in US and Europe vs. within Asia, 339–40
eco-, 340
Toynbee, Arnold, 22
trade:
Asia-Europe axis of, 13, 14
internal, 150–52, 156–57, 212
intraregional, 62
see also free trade; specific countries and subregions
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), 355
Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline, 94
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), 126, 140, 141, 272, 273
transportation innovation, 198
Treasury bonds, US, Asian holdings of, 163, 164
Treasury Department, US, 157
Trenin, Dmitri, 83, 90
Trudeau, Justin, 223
Truman, Harry, 52, 287
Trump, Donald, 213, 232
anti-Asian policies of, 10, 152, 194, 195, 224, 225
anti-Hispanic policies of, 272
climate change and, 178
election of, 3, 16, 272, 273, 283, 294, 384
Europe and, 240
Gulf states and, 101
Indian Americans’ support for, 222
Israel and, 98
North Korea and, 142
Pakistan and, 114
populism of, 18, 284
Russia and, 84
Taiwan and, 141
unpredictability of, 18
US State Department gutted by, 143–44
Tsinghua University, 232
Tsushima, Battle of, 48
Turkestan, 47, 117
Turkestan Empire, 41–42
Turkey, Republic of, 3, 49, 58, 101
Asian investment in, 93–94
Asianization of, 81
China and, 93
European focus of, 57, 60, 91–92
European immigrants from, 253, 256
Iran and, 94
Muslims in, 92
oligarchic regime in, 311
re-Asianization of, 91–94
Russia and, 88, 92–93
Syrian refugees in, 63, 94, 95
Turkic peoples, 38, 39, 67, 68, 91
Turkmenistan, 59, 92, 106, 108, 140
Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) natural gas pipeline, 118
Turnbull, Malcolm, 129
Uber, 174–75, 198
Uighur people, 37, 42, 117
Ukraine, 83, 85, 241
Umayyad Caliphate, 36
Understanding Latin America (Toro Hardy), 275
UN Human Rights Council, 324
Uniqlo, 345
United Arab Emirates (UAE), 88, 96, 100, 101, 104, 312
alternative energy programs in, 179
bond offerings by, 165
digital technology in, 318–19
Indian migrants in, 334
oil exports of, 102, 103
technocracy in, 312
United Kingdom, see Great Britain
United Nations, 51
United States:
Afghanistan invaded by, 62
AI research in, 199–200
Arab world and, 100–101
arms sales of, 16–17, 101
Asian belief systems in, 220
Asian capital in, 163
Asian companies in, 227–28
Asian economic growth as benefit to, 207
Asian goal of reduced dependence on, 17
Asian immigration to, see Asian Americans
Asian investments in, 164
Asian investments of, 110–11, 207
Asian military presence of, 137, 138
Asian trade deficits of, 16
Asian trade with, 144
Asian views of, 16–17
Australia and, 128
Chinese acquisition of technology companies blocked by, 195–96
Chinese trade with, 272–73
civil service in, 293
coal exports of, 177
in Cold War, see Cold War
East Asia and, 140–41
eroding industrial base of, 16
ethnic diversity in, 221–22
European capital in, 164–65
Europe’s relations with, 240
failed West Asian policies of, 140
failures of democracy in, 282–85, 294
falling standard of living in, 284–85
global civilization as influenced by, 21, 22–23
global governance and, 321
income inequality in, 228, 285
Iraq invaded by, 62
Japan and, 136
Latin America and, 271–72
Muslims in, 220
in North American regional system, 7
North Korea and, 142–43
oil and gas exports of, 16, 207
outsourcing of jobs by, 16
Pakistan and, 113–14
Philippines and, 123–24
populism in, 283–84
PPP of, 10
protectionist policies of, 241
retail sector in, 228
Russian sanctions by, 240–41
shale oil revolution in, 13, 175, 272
Southeast Asia and, 125
South Korea and, 142–43
South Pacific tensions of, 48
South Pacific territories of, 48
as superpower, 2, 14, 15, 22
Syrian refugees in, 218
technocracy in, 287
utilitarian thinking as lacking in, 299
Vietnam and, 125
Ur, 28
Ural Mountains, 81, 82
urban development, 156, 190, 245–46
utilitarianism, 286, 298, 306, 320
Uzbekistan, 59, 72, 108, 169, 226–27
Chinese hegemony resisted by, 20
civil society in, 313
economic growth of, 17, 109
Vedas, 29
Venezuela, 271, 274
China and, 274–75
venture capital (VC) industry, in Asia, 173–74
Vienna, 40
Vietnam, 45, 52, 60, 121, 161, 274, 275
China and, 124–25
in Cold War era, 56
early history of, 31–32, 38
economic growth in, 308
industrialization in, 63
South Korea and, 154
territorial claims of, 11
US and, 125
Vietnamese Americans, 217
Vietnam War, 52, 56
Vitasoy, 172
Vivekananda, Swami, 220
Vladivostok, 90
Wadhwa, Vivek, 219
Wahhabism, 72, 114
Walmart, 193, 208
warfare:
in Asia, 75–76
in Europe, 75
war on terror, 113, 115, 240
Washington Consensus, 2–3
Water Margin, 353
water shortages, 181
wealth management industry, 160–61
Weber, Max, 293
WeChat, 314
Wei Fenghe, 84
West:
arms sales to Asia by, 212
Asia studies in, 352
China-centric views of, 18–19
as dependent on Asian economic growth, 206–14
economic and social ills of, 3
ignorance about Asia in, 17–20, 24, 76, 329
outsourcing of manufacturing to Asia by, 62
uncritical self-appraisal of, 351–52
worldview of, 10–11
West Asia, 57, 69–70, 72
Asianization of, 9, 81
civil society in, 313
conflict and state failure in, 95
crusades and, 39
dawn of civilization in, 28
ethnic and sectarian violence in, 256
India and, 155
oil and gas exports of, 9, 23, 57, 62, 152
in post–Cold War era, 58
re-Asianization of, 95–106
refugees from, 95
terrorism in, 62–63
use of term, 6
US involvement in, 59, 140
Western Educated Industrial Rich Democracies (WEIRD), 357
What Is Global History? (Conrad), 28
WhatsApp, 320
Wilson, Woodrow, 287
Wolf Warrior 2 (film), 263
women’s rights, 314–15
Wong Kar-wai, 347
World Bank, 109, 110, 323, 324
Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) of, 309
World Cup (2016), 244–45
World Giving Index, 316
world order:
Asia and, 9, 12–16, 357–59
as multipolar, 15–16, 357
regional systems in, 13–14
World Order (Kissinger), 357
World Trade Organization (WTO), 2, 159, 195, 323
worldview, Asian vs. Western, 10–11
World War I, 2, 49
World War II, 2, 11, 50–51
xenophobia, of Asians, 329
Xi Jinping, 10, 110, 111, 119, 137, 150, 161, 182, 194, 242, 249, 268, 300, 301–2, 310
Xinjiang, 59, 117, 182, 319
Yang Shihua, 182
Yangtze River, 30, 31, 42
Yellow River, 42
Yemen, 96, 106, 107, 251
yoga, 332
Yom Kippur War, 101
Yongle (Zhu Di), Ming emperor, 42–43
Yuan Dynasty, 40
Yuezhi people, 32
Zambia, 263
Zhang Weiwei, 137
Zhao Tingyang, 137
Zheng He, Chinese admiral, 42, 69
Zhongguo (Middle Kingdom), 30
Zhou Dynasty, 30, 31
Zhou Enlai, 56
Zoroastrianism, 30, 32, 36, 69, 70
ZTE, 194
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