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Encyclopedia of Latin American Popular Music

Page 78

by George Torres


  41, 325, 408; baião, 22 – 23, 63, 168,

  Campana grande, 78

  360 – 61, 447; bandolím, 31 – 32;

  Campelo, Celly, 340

  batacada, 36 – 37, 63; bossa nova, 55 – 59,

  Campines, Nina, 276

  61 – 62, 169, 269; chocalho, 37, 92 – 93,

  Campos, Juan Morel, 315

  356; cuíca, 37, 128 – 29; dupla caipaira,

  Canary Islands, 409

  152 – 53; forró, 63, 168 – 70, 359, 361,

  Canción mexicana, 43

  413 – 14, 447; funk in, 65; hip-hop in,

  Canción ranchera. See Ranchera

  65; instrumental music, 62; lambada, 63,

  Canción romántica, 70 – 73 , 255, 327

  223; latin jazz and, 225; lundu, 93 – 94,

  Canclini, Garcia, 132

  466 | Index

  Candomblé, 16, 40, 62, 337, 408

  Cavaco, 76 – 77

  Cantabiles, 71

  Cavaquinho, 31, 76 – 77 , 356, 358

  Cantinas, 29

  Cavaquinho, Nelson, 270

  Canto nuevo, 285

  Cavatinas, 71, 136

  Canto popular uruguayo, 434

  Cencerro, 53, 77 – 78 , 405 – 6

  Capital Inicial, 341

  Censorship, 130, 417

  Capleton, 330

  Cepeda, William, 305

  Capo, 46

  Cervantes, Ignacio, 189, 424 – 25

  Capoeira, 62, 172, 295, 429

  Chacalón, 89

  Caporal, 48, 360

  Chacarera, 7, 52, 78 – 79 , 328, 449

  Carabinier, 250

  Cha cha chá, 45, 78, 79 – 80

  “Carazo Rosa” (Cherry Pink and Apple

  Chamamé, 7

  Blossom), 233

  Chamorro, Arturo, 366

  Cardenas, Guty, 44

  Chamorro, Violeta Barrios Torres de, 280

  Cardozo, Félix Pérez, 297

  Champola, 264

  Caribbean music, 7, 41, 116, 137, 277. See

  Chando, 331

  also Calypso; Reggae music

  Chang, Ángel, 267

  Carioca, 36, 65

  Changüí, 53, 54, 80 – 82 , 242, 388, 412

  Carlos, Erasmo, 340

  Changuito, José Luis Quintana, 391

  Carlos, Roberto, 340

  Chapmeta, 104

  Carnival/Carnaval, 15 – 16, 36, 60 – 61, 63,

  Chapottín, Felix, 264

  73 – 76 , 421; Catholic church and, 73 – 74;

  Charanga, 2, 79, 82 – 84 , 144, 289, 373; bell,

  congas and, 106; frevo and, 172; Grande

  78; flute and, 164; francesca, 141;

  Sociedades, 74; in Martinique and

  orquesta típica and, 82

  Gaudeloupe, 243; méringue, 250 – 51;

  Charango, 47, 84 – 86 , 185

  mizik rasin, 192, 261 – 62; Olodum, 39,

  Charlemagne, Manno, 310, 314

  40, 41, 336; race relations and, 325; in

  Charleo, 240

  Rio de Janeiro, 74, 76; soca, 68, 293,

  Charles, Frantz Denis “Francisco,” 277

  351, 369 – 71; Trinidad, 68; Zé Pereiras,

  Charles, Ray, 217

  74 – 75. See also Bloco afro

  Chase, Charlie, 318

  Carranza, Venustiano, 311

  Chasquido, 328

  Cartagena, 104

  Chavez, Carlos, 165 – 66

  Cartijo, Rafael, 314

  Chávez, Lino, 338, 386

  Cartola, 269 – 70

  Chazarreta, Andrés, 7

  Caruso, Enrico, 175

  Chébere, 118

  Carvalho, Beth, 358

  Chega de Sudade , 58

  Casa de las Américas, 287

  Chezina, Don, 332

  Cascara, 416

  Chicano rock, 86 – 88 , 432

  Casino conjunto, 108, 373

  Chicha, 88 – 89 , 202, 302

  Castas, 377 – 78

  Chicho man, 331

  Castillo, Anibal, 440

  Chico Science & Nação, 271

  Castillo, La Joya del, 303

  Chile, 26, 85, 90 – 92 , 202; Cueca, 127 – 28;

  Castilo, Nicandro, 382

  music genres of, 90; nueva canción in,

  Castle, Irene, 428

  283, 311 – 13; race relations in, 324;

  Castle, Vernon, 428

  racial demographic of, 90; rock music

  Castro, Fidel, 124, 125, 287, 374, 429

  in, 92

  Catholic Church, 73 – 74, 204, 334, 335, 336

  Chilean New Wave. See Nueva Ola Chilena

  Index | 467

  Chilena. See Cueca

  Comparsa. See Conga

  Chillador, 85

  Concepción, Cesar, 304

  Chirimía, 103

  Concertina, 395

  Chocalho, 37, 92 – 93 , 356

  Conciertos de Música Típica Cubana, 2

  “Chorando se foi,” 223

  Conde, Perucho, 194

  Choro carioco, 163

  Con el Diablo en el Cuerpo , 126

  Choros, 62, 77, 93 – 96 , 295, 332 – 34 ; flutes

  Conga, 105 – 6 , 275, 423

  and, 163; revival, 445; samba and, 96; in

  “Conga,” 106

  urban music, 31 – 32

  Conga Drum. See Tumbadoras

  Chotis, 360

  Conga line, 106

  Christianity, 204

  Conjunto, 24, 47 – 48, 107 , 281, 401 – 2

  Christian music, 336

  Conjunto cubano, 107 – 9

  Christmas carols, 442

  Conjunto de gaita, 102

  Chuney soca, 370

  Conjunto de vallenato, 437

  Chuntunqui, 48

  Conjunto sonero, 265 – 66, 373, 374

  “Cielito Lindo,” 307

  Conjuntos regionais (regional combos), 77,

  Cinquillo, 38, 49, 97 , 191, 251, 413

  296, 332

  Civil rights movement, 40, 354, 429

  “Con Poco Poco,” 146

  Clark, John, 302

  Conquette, Guy, 188

  Clave, 38, 97 – 100 , 142; Abakuá, 98, 99; dan-

  Contracanto de bombardino, 139

  zón, 97; guajeo and, 179 – 80; joropo and,

  Contradanse, 191, 360

  220; latin jazz and, 224, 225; reversal

  Contradanza, 43, 109 – 11 , 181, 290; Creole,

  of, 99; rumba, 98, 99; salsa, 353 – 54;

  135; danzón and, 140 – 42; habanera and,

  tresillo, 412 – 13

  110 – 11, 189; ostinato and, 110. See also

  Claves (instrument), 100 – 101 , 348

  Danza

  Cliff, Jimmy, 330, 331

  Contratiempo, 108

  The Cockroach. See “La Cucaracha”

  Control Machete, 345

  Coelho, Paulo, 340

  Controversias, 266

  Cola-zouk, 453

  “A Convict’s Diary.” See “Diário de um

  Coleman, Ornette, 217

  Detento”

  Colombia, 1, 101 – 5 , 218; bambuco, 27 – 28,

  Convite, 4 – 5

  102; bandolas, 27, 30 – 31; culture of,

  Cooder, Ry, 125, 375, 404 – 5

  101; cumbia, 133 – 34; dances of, 101 – 2;

  Copland, Aaron, 429

  El Litoral Pacifico, 103; La Costa, 102,

  Coplas, 78, 378

  104; popular music of, 104 – 5; racial de-

  Coppelia , 287

  mographic of, 101; rock music in, 104;

  Copyright, 6

  salsa in, 104; vallenato, 102 – 3, 134, 167,

  Cordão, 75

  275, 437

  Coro, 111 – 12

  Colombiana, 258

  Coronado, Florencio, 300

  Colón, Willie, 35, 50, 292, 294, 374
<
br />   Corono, Manuel, 421

  Coltrane, John, 217

  Coros de clave, 348

  Columbia Records, 153, 331

  Corrêa, José Celso Martinez, 418

  Combs, Sean “Diddy,” 332

  Corridos, 71, 103, 112 – 14 , 144, 177, 279;

  Comedia ranchera, 255, 327

  mariachi and, 346; as protest songs,

  “Come e Dorme,” 173

  310 – 11; Tex-Mex and, 400; in US, 431

  The Comets, 234

  Cortés, Quirinao Mendoza y, 307

  Commercialism, 129 – 32

  Cortijo, Rafael, 49, 50 , 304

  468 | Index

  Cosquín Rock, 345

  Cuban National Assembly, 285

  Costa, César, 343

  Cuban Rap Agency. See Agencia Cubana de

  Costa, Yamandú, 444

  Rap

  Costa Rica, 115 – 16 ; Caribbean music and,

  Cubop, 54, 124, 225. See also Latin jazz

  116; European influence in, 116; filín

  Cueca, 52, 127, 127 – 28 , 448

  in, 162; marimba in, 115; racial demo-

  Cugat, Xavier, 2, 373

  graphic of, 115

  Cuíca, 37, 128 – 29

  Costeño, 104 – 5, 308 – 9

  Cultural imperialism, 129 – 32

  Cotorriao, 159

  Cultural syncretism, 203 – 7

  Courtship, 85

  Culture: Afro-Cuban, 403 – 4; gender and,

  Cowbell. See Cencerro

  176; immigrant music, 209 – 12; native,

  Creativity, 167

  203 – 7; race relations, 323 – 26; rock

  Creole music. See Musique Créole

  music and, 207; son cubano and, 372

  Criollo, 77 – 78

  Cumbia, 7, 13, 28, 48, 133 – 34 , 211; in Ar-

  Cruz, Celia, 353 , 374

  gentina, 134; chicha, 88 – 89, 202, 302;

  Cruzados, 227

  in Mexico, 133, 257, 258; Peru, 134;

  Cuadrilla, 116

  techno, 89, 202, 302; tropical, 257

  Cuarteta, 127, 372

  Cumbia andina. See Chicha

  Cuarteto, 7, 13, 117 – 18

  Cununos, 241

  Cuatro, 14, 69, 118 – 19 , 409, 440

  Curralao, 156

  Cuba, 2 – 3, 120 – 26 ; blackface theater in, 181;

  Cururú, 152

  cha cha chá, 45, 78, 79 – 80; changüí,

  Cutumay Camones, 157

  53, 54, 80 – 82 , 242, 388, 412; cinquillo,

  Cyprus Hill, 432

  38, 49, 97, 191, 251, 413; conjunto cu-

  bano, 107 – 9; contradanza, 110 – 11;

  DaCunha, Euclides, 272

  culture of, 120 – 21; dances of, 29, 209;

  Dancehall music, 330, 331

  danzas of, 136; descarga, 145 – 47; dúo,

  Dances: Apaché, 245; of Colombia, 101 – 2;

  151 – 52; filín, 161 – 62; geography of,

  conga line, 106; cuarteto, 7, 13, 117 – 18;

  120, 121; indigenous population of, 121;

  of Cuba, 29, 209; Guaguancó, 179, 349;

  Mozambique, 266 – 68; music and cul-

  guaracha, 108, 181 – 82, 303, 411; in

  ture of, 122 – 23; nueva trova, 161, 178,

  Guetemala, 182; huapango, 198; Jarabe,

  283, 285, 286 – 88, 313; pachanga, 266,

  213 – 14; joropo, 14, 103, 158, 218 – 20;

  291 – 92; post-1959 musical innovation

  lundu, 229; of Mexico, 29; Mozambique,

  in, 124 – 25; punto, 98 – 99, 319; racial

  266 – 68; murga, 434; pambiche, 292 – 93;

  demographic of, 120 – 21; The Repub-

  pie, 127; Quebradita dance style, 30,

  lic, 123 – 24; revolution, 124, 178, 266,

  209 – 10; seis, 145, 361 – 62; sexuality

  429; Romantic art song in, 73; slavery

  and, 366 – 68; tap dancing, 181; taqui-

  in, 121, 122; songo, 374, 390 – 92; Spain

  rari, 47, 398 – 99; umbigada, 229; vil-

  and, 121, 122; sugar, labor, and indepen-

  lancicos and, 443; zapateo, 449 – 50. See

  dence in, 121 – 22; timba, 402 – 5; timbal,

  also Contradanse; Contradanza; Mambo;

  405 – 7; tonada, 409 – 10; tourism, 125;

  Marimba

  tresillo, 38, 97, 259, 412 – 13; trova tradi-

  Danza antillana, 135 – 36

  cional, 420; tumbao, 362 – 63, 424 – 25;

  Danza cubana. See Habanera

  in US, immigrants of, 430. See also

  Danza de pañuelo, 448

  Charanga; Clave; Habanera; Mambo;

  Danza habanera, 141, 189

  Orquesta típica; Son montuno

  Danzas, 49, 135 – 40 , 315; in 20th century,

  Cuba, Joe, 55, 318

  138 – 39; Cuban, 136; as merengue in

  Index | 469

  Dominican Republic, 139 – 40; Puerto

  Drums. See specific types

  Rican, 136; San Juan and Ponce,

  Drumsets, 407

  136 – 37. See also Contradanza

  Dúo, 151 – 52

  Danzo de las botellas, 297

  Duos, 272

  Danzón, 43, 79, 140 – 43 , 290; clave, 97;

  Dupla Caipira, 152 – 53

  contradanza and, 140 – 42

  Duplas, 273

  Danzonette, 83, 143 – 44 , 290

  Duprat, Rogério, 340

  Davidson, Eduardo, 291

  Duranguense, 210, 326

  Dávila, Pedro Ortiz “Davilita,” 317

  Duvaliers, 261

  Davis, Miles, 217

  Dylan, Bob, 313

  Decca Records, 69

  Décimas, 27, 81, 144 – 45 , 179, 199, 299

  Ecuador, 155 – 56 , 409; pasillo and, 299; racial

  Dekker, Desmond, 330

  demographic of, 155; rock music and,

  Delgado, Enrique, 88

  156

  “Dem Bow,” 331

  Edmundo, Julio, 89

  Dengue, 233

  Eek-A-Mouse, 330

  “Desafinado,” 58, 225

  EGC. See El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico

  Descarga, 145 – 47 , 371

  Egipciaco, Antonio, 138

  Desorden Publico, 439

  “El Carbonero,” 157

  DeVita, Franco, 439

  El Chicano, 87, 226, 227

  Dhantal, 369

  El Club de Clan, 343

  Dholak, 369

  El danzon-cha, 80

  Diana, 179

  Electric guitar, 186, 272, 330

  “Diário de um Detento” (A Convict’s Diary),

  Electronica, 258 – 59

  196

  Electrotango (tango electrónico), 12, 397

  Díaz, Aniceto, 143

  “El entrerriano,” 10

  d’Incamps, Olivier Lomotte, 223

  El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico (EGC), 267,

  Disco music, 183

  314

  Discos Fuentes, 133, 308

  El Gran Silencio, 345

  Disease, 204

  Elis e Tom , 64

  Divididos, 345

  “El Jarabe Gatuno,” 213

  Djembe, 408

  “El Jarabe Tapatío,” 213 – 14

  Doble sentido, 378

  Ellington, Duke, 2, 216, 224

  Doce lundu chorado, 229

  El Litoral Pacifico, 103

  Dois na Bossa , 64

  “El Manicero,” 225

  Dominica, 147 , 370

  “El Necio,” 285

  Dominican Republic, 4 – 6, 26, 148 – 50 , 303;

  “El Pasajero,” 378

  American occupation of, 293; bachata,

  El Salvador, 156 – 58

  19 – 22, 148, 149, 249; baquiné, 34 – 35;
>
  “El Soldado de Levita,” 382

  danzas as merengue in, 139 – 40. See also

  El Último de la Fila, 344

  Merengue

  “El Viejo Tanguero,” 394

  Donato, João, 57 – 58

  El yumbeado, 10 – 11

  D’Rivera, Paquito, 226

  Enanitos Verdes, 344

  Drug trafficking, 113 – 14

  Engenheirios de Hawaii, 341

  Drumming: African, 205 – 6; Afro-Cuban, 3,

  Enredo, 75

  38, 77 – 78; ritual, 248, 249. See also

  Enrizo, 363

  Clave

  Entrudo, 74

  470 | Index

  Eroticism. See Sexuality

  Flores, José Asunción, 297

  Escalón, Rafel, 437

  Flores, Pedro, 316

  Escolas. See Samba

  Flou, 298

  Escolas de samba. See Samba

  Flute, 10, 163 – 64 , 320

  Escudero, Ralph, 316

  Fole, 358

  Espínola, Juan, 247

  Folia de Reis, 153

  Esquivel, Juan Garcia, 42

  Folk, art, and popular music, 164 – 68

  Estefan, Gloria, 46

  Folkloric music, of Argentina, 7 – 9

  Estero, Santiago del, 448

  Formell, Juan, 83, 374, 390 – 91

  Estilo, 434

  Forró, 63, 168 – 70 , 359, 361, 413 – 14, 447

  Estilo bravío, 327

  The Fort Apache Band, 226

  Estilo sentimental, 327

  Foulah, 262

  Estrada, Noel, 317

  French Guiana, 170 – 71

  “Estrellita,” 44, 73

  Frevo, 63, 171 – 74 ; Carnival/Carnaval and,

  Estribillo, 158 – 59 , 349

  172; early history of, 171 – 72; nationaliz-

  Estudiantina, 27, 31, 228, 299, 347

  ing, 172 – 74; Rio de Janeiro and, 173

  Euphonium, 138

  Frevo de bloco. See Marcha de bloco

  Europe, 130

  Frómata, Billo, 439

  Exotic Suite of the Americas , 233

  “Fruto Proibido,” 341

  Experyans, Boukman, 262

  Fuentes, Ruben, 237

  Fuentes, Sánchez de, 189

  Faílde, Miguel, 141, 143

  Fuga, 200

  Falar, Deixa, 392, 394

  The Fugees, 192

  Fandango, 43, 229

  Funk, 65

  Fanfarras, 172

  Fusion, 125; Afro-Dominican, 4 – 6, 148,

  Fania All-Stars, 294, 354

  149 – 50; jazz, 217; Latin jazz, 225 – 26

  Fania Records, 55, 164, 234, 292, 352, 429 – 30

  Favela, 65, 195, 357

  Gabriel, Juan, 256

  Faz, Robert, 108

  Gagá, 150. See also Afro-Dominican Fusion

  Fazenda, 94

  Music

  “Felices Días,” 138

  Gaita, 439

  Feliciano, Cheo, 318

  Galán, Pacho, 308

  Female rappers. See Raperas

  Galindo, Blas, 238

  Fender, Freddy, 86 – 87

  Gallegos, 443

  Fermatas, 71

  Galopa, 297

  Fernandez, Antonio “Ñico Saquito,” 319

  Gangingo, 359

 

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