The Battle for the Arab Spring

by Lin Noueihed

  BICI see Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry

  Biden, Joe (i)

  Bilad ash-Sham (Greater Syria) (i)

  bin Ghaith, Nasser (i)

  bin Laden family (i)

  bin Laden, Osama (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  bin Nayef, Mohammed (i)

  BlackBerry (i)

  Blair, Tony (i), (ii)

  blogs (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  BMI (i)

  al-Boraei, Hassan (i)

  Bouazizi, Mohammed (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Bouebdelli, Mohammed (i)

  Bourguiba, Habib (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  BP (i), (ii)

  Brazil (i)

  bread protests (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Britain see United Kingdom

  burqa (i)

  Bush, George W. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Camel Battle (i)

  Camp David accords (i)

  capitalism (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Cedar Revolution, Lebanon (i), (ii)

  censorship (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Chad (i)

  Cham Holding (i)

  al-Chebbi, Abu Qasim (i), (ii)

  Chebbi, Nejib (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Chechnya (i)

  China (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Chinese National Petroleum Company (CNPC) (i)

  Chourabi, Sofiane (i), (ii), (iii)

  Christians

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii)

  civil society

  Bahrain (i), (ii)

  democracy dilemma (i), (ii)

  Egypt (i)

  media revolution (i)

  NGOs (i)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Yemen (i)

  Clinton, Hillary (i)

  CNN (i)

  CNPC see Chinese National Petroleum Company

  constitutional monarchies (i), (ii)

  constitutions (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Coptic Christians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Courbage, Youssef (i)

  Cretz, Gene (i)

  Damascus Securities Exchange (DSE) (i)

  Damascus Spring (i), (ii)

  Dardari, Abdullah (i)

  Deauville Partnership (i)

  debt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  de Gaulle, Charles (i)

  democracy

  Bush's freedom agenda (i)

  civil society and NGOs (i)

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  new influences in Arab world (i), (ii), (iii)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  United Arab Emirates (i)

  US influence in Arab world (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Deng Xiaoping (i), (ii)

  Deraa revolt (i), (ii)

  Derna (i)

  Diab, Amr (i)

  Doha (i), (ii)

  al-Domari magazine (i)

  Dream TV (i)

  Dubai (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Economic and Social Development Fund (ESDF) (i), (ii)

  economic growth (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  economy

  Arab monarchies (i)

  Bahrain (i)

  corruption (i)

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii)

  Jordan (i), (ii), (iii)

  Morocco (i)

  Oman (i)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii)

  privatization and deregulation (i)

  reforms (i)

  Syria (i)

  Tunisia (i), (ii)

  US influence in Arab world (i), (ii)

  Yemen (i)

  Egypt

  background to uprising (i)

  current problems (i)

  democracy (i), (ii)

  economy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  elections (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  emergency law (i)

  end of monarchy (i)

  fall of Mubarak (i)

  GCC grant (i)

  investment (i), (ii)

  Islamic Egypt (i)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Libya (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Maspero incident (i)

  media revolution (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  military rule (i), (ii)

  Mubarak becomes President (i)

  new influences in Arab world (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  origins of Arab Spring (i), (ii), (iii)

  political stagnation (i)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii), (iii)

  relations with Saudi Arabia (i)

  remittances (i), (ii)

  resignation of Mubarak (i)

  sectarian tensions (i)

  status in Arab world (i), (ii)

  strikes (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  tourism (i), (ii)

  unemployment (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  union with Syria (i)

  the uprising (i)

  US influence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Yemen (i)

  youth bulge (i)

  Egyptian Current (i)

  Egyptian Jihad (i), (ii)

  Egyptian Trade Union Federation (i)

  Egyptian Women's Union (i)

  emergency law (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Emirates Foundation (i)

  Ennahda

  democracy (i), (ii)

  elections (i), (ii), (iii)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  opposition to (i), (ii)

  Personal Status Code (i), (ii)

  repression of (i)

  Erdogan, Recep Tayyip (i), (ii), (iii)

  al-Erian, Essam (i)

  ESDF see Economic and Social Development Fund

  Etisalat (i)

  Ettajdid (i)

  Ettakatol (i)

  European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) (i)

  European Investment Bank (EIB) (i)

  European Union (EU) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  extraordinary rendition (i), (ii)

  Ezz, Ahmed (i)

  Facebook

  Bahrain (i)

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  media revolution (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  origins of Arab Spring (i)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii)

  US influence in Arab world (i)

  El-Fani, Nadia (i)

  al Faqih, Nabil (i)

  Farouk, King (i)

  Fattah, Alaa Abdel (i), (ii)

  Fattah, Esraa Abdel (i)

  FDI see foreign direct investment

  Feltman, Jeffrey (i)

  Ferzat, Ali (i)

  FIS see Front Islamique du Salut

  FJP see Freedom and Justice Party

  FLN see Front de Libération National

  food prices (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  foreign direct investment (FDI)

  Bahrain (i)

  economic growth (i), (ii)

  Egypt (i), (ii)

  Libya (i)

  Morocco (i)

  real estate (i)

  Syria (i), (ii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  United Arab Emirates (i)

  France

  Islamist resurgence (i)

  Libya (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Syria (i), (ii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  freedom agenda (i), (ii)

  Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Free Syrian Army (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Friends of Yemen (i)

  F
ront de Libération National (FLN) (i)

  Front Islamique du Salut (FIS) (i)

  fuel prices (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  al-Futtaim, Majid (i)

  Gaddafi, Hannibal (i)

  Gaddafi, Mo'atassim (i), (ii)

  Gaddafi, Muammar

  Arab League (i)

  attempted reintegration (i)

  background to uprising (i), (ii)

  becomes leader (i), (ii)

  cult of personality (i)

  Cyrene uprising (i)

  death of (i), (ii)

  economy (i)

  the endgame (i)

  failed reintegration (i)

  final years of rule (i), (ii), (iii)

  future of monarchies (i), (ii)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii)

  Libya after Gaddafi (i), (ii), (iii)

  oil revenues (i), (ii)

  revolution anniversary celebrations (i), (ii)

  tribal ties (i)

  Western support for (i)

  Gaddafi, Saif al-Arab (i)

  Gaddafi, Saif al-Islam (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Gafsa Phosphates Company (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Gamaa Islamiya (Islamic Group) (i), (ii)

  Gates, Robert (i), (ii), (iii)

  Gaza (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  GCC see Gulf Cooperation Council

  General People's Congress (GPC) (i), (ii)

  Geneva Convention (i)

  Gergash, Anwar (i), (ii)

  Al-Ghad (‘Tomorrow’) company (i)

  Ghad (Tomorrow) party (i)

  Ghalioun, Burhan (i)

  Ghanem, Shukri (i), (ii)

  Ghannouchi, Mohammed (i), (ii), (iii)

  Ghannouchi, Rachid (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Ghonim, Wael (i), (ii)

  global financial crisis (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  globalization (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  global protest movement (i), (ii)

  Godec, Robert (i), (ii)

  Golan Heights (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  government debt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  government NGOs (GONGOs) (i)

  GPC see General People's Congress

  Greece (i), (ii), (iii)

  Green Book (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Guantanamo Bay (i), (ii), (iii)

  Guicciardi, Vittorio Winspeare (i)

  Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

  Bahrain (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  economy (i), (ii)

  future of monarchies (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Saudi Arabia (i), (ii)

  Yemen (i), (ii), (iii)

  Gurr, Ted (i)

  habous (i)

  Hadhramawt (i)

  al-Hadi, Abed Rabah Mansoor (i), (ii)

  Hague, William (i)

  Halzare, Anna (i)

  Hama (i), (ii), (iii)

  Hamad, King (Bahrain) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Sheikh (Qatar) (i)

  al-Hamalawy, Hussam (i)

  Hamas (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Al-Haq (‘The Right’) (i), (ii)

  Hariri, Rafik (i), (ii)

  Hariri, Saad (i)

  Hassan, Ali Saif (i)

  Hassan, King (i)

  Hassan, Mozn (i)

  Hawwaj family (i)

  Hayward, Tony (i)

  Hezbollah

  Bahrain (i), (ii)

  media revolution (i)

  resistance axis (i)

  Syrian support (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Yemen (i)

  hijab (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Al-Hirak Al-Jnoubi (Southern Movement) (i), (ii), (iii)

  hittistes (i)

  Hizb al-Tahrir (i), (ii)

  Hobsbawm, Eric (i)

  Hourani, Albert (i)

  housing (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  al-Houthi, Hussein (i)

  Houthis (i), (ii), (iii)

  al-Hudaybi, Hassan (i), (ii)

  human rights

  Bahrain (i), (ii), (iii)

  Egypt (i), (ii)

  Islamist resurgence (i)

  Libya (i)

  NGOs (i)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii)

  Turkey (i)

  Human Rights Watch (i), (ii), (iii)

  Huntington, Samuel (i), (ii)

  Hussein, King (i)

  Hussein, Nidal (i)

  Hussein, Saddam (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  IAF see Islamic Action Front

  Ibn Khaldun, Al-Muqaddimah (i)

  Ibn Saud, Abdel Aziz (i), (ii)

  Ibrahim, Ahmed (i), (ii), (iii)

  Ibrahim, Samara (i)

  ICC see International Criminal Court

  Idris, King (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  ijmaa (i), (ii)

  IMF see International Monetary Fund

  India (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Indonesia (i), (ii)

  infitah (i), (ii)

  International Criminal Court (ICC) (i)

  International Monetary Fund (IMF) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  internet

  Egypt (i), (ii)

  future of monarchies (i)

  Libya (i)

  media revolution (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  new public space (i)

  social media (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  user data (i)

  intifada (i), (ii)

  Intifadat al-Istiqlal (i)

  Iran

  Bahrain (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  economy (i)

  Iraq invasion (i), (ii), (iii)

  Islamic revolution (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Islamic Tendency Movement (i)

  media revolution (i)

  military spending (i)

  new influences in Arab world (i), (ii), (iii)

  nuclear programme (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii), (iii)

  resistance axis (i)

  stability of Arab monarchies (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  US influence in Arab world (i), (ii)

  Iraq

  elections (i), (ii), (iii)

  end of monarchy (i)

  freedom agenda (i)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  media revolution (i), (ii), (iii)

  oil production (i)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  US invasion (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  US presence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Sheikh (i), (ii)

  Islah (Reform) party (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Islam

  Bahrain (i), (ii)

  democracy (i)

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Libya (i), (ii), (iii)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Islamic Action Front (IAF) (i), (ii)

  Islamic Group (i)

  Islamic Tendency Movement (MTI) (i)

  Islamist Alliance (i)

  Islamists

  activism (i)

  Algeria (i)

  beyond the backlash (i)

  counterweights and constitutions (i)

  definitions (i), (ii)

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  election successes (i), (ii), (iii)

  Islamist resurgence (i)

  Islamist spectrum (i)

  Libya (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Morocco (i), (ii)

  political prisoners (i)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

 
Salafists (i)

  stability of Arab monarchies (i), (ii)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  tourism (i), (ii)

  Tunisia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  US influence in Arab world (i), (ii)

  war on terror (i)

  Yemen (i), (ii)

  Ismail, Khedive (i)

  Israel

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Gaza (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Hezbollah (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii)

  media revolution (i), (ii), (iii)

  Palestinian territories (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  US support (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Issa Qasim, Sheikh (i)

  Italy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Al Itijah al-Mu'akis (i)

  Jalil, Mustafa Abdel (i), (ii)

  Jalloud, Major Abdul Sallam (i)

  al-Jamaa al-Islamiyah (i)

  al-Jamri, Mansoor (i)

  Jasmine Revolution see Tunisia

  Al-Jazeera (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Jbeli, Hamadi (i)

  Jebel Nafusa (i)

  Jibril, Mahmoud (i), (ii), (iii)

  jihad (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Jordan

  corruption (i)

  Deauville Partnership (i)

  economy (i), (ii), (iii)

  Islamist resurgence (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  peace with Israel (i)

  post Arab Spring era (i), (ii)

  remittances (i)

  stability of Arab monarchies (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  unemployment (i), (ii)

  US support (i), (ii), (iii)

  al-Jourchi, Salaheddine (i)

  Jumaa al-Karama (Friday of Dignity) (i)

  jumlukiya (i)

  Juppé, Alain (i), (ii)

  Kalthoum, Um (i)

  Kamel, Bouthaina (i), (ii)

  Karman, Tawakul (i)

  Kasserine (i), (ii)

  Kassir, Samir (i), (ii)

  al-Keeb, Abdel Rahim (i)

  Kefaya (‘Enough’) movement (i)

  al-Kefy, Naima (i)

  Khaddam, Abdelhalim (i), (ii)

  Khaled, Amr (i)

  Khaled bin Ahmed, Sheikh (i)

  Khalifa bin Ahmed, Sheikh (i), (ii), (iii)

  Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Sheikh (i)

  Al Khalifa family (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Al Khalifa, Khalifa bin Salman (i)

  Khanfar, Waddah (i)

  Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Koussa, Moussa (i), (ii)

  Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) (i), (ii)

  Kurds (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Kuwait

  Arab malaise (i)

  Bahrain intervention (i)

  economic growth and investment (i)

  oil production (i), (ii), (iii)

  social media (i)

  stability of Arab monarchies (i), (ii), (iii)

  Syria (i)

  US support (i)

  Lac du Sud (Tunis) (i)

  Lahoud, Emile (i)

  land ownership (i)

  Lebanon

  Bahrain (i), (ii)