Secret Warriors
Page 47
Handley Page, Frederick, 34, 48, 55, 335, 336, 368
Hands, Charlie, 50
Hankey, Maurice, 194–5, 198, 316, 324
Hanriot aircraft, 70
Hardinge, Lord, 142, 325
Hardy, Thomas, 280
Harmsworth, Alfred, see Northcliffe, Lord
Harmsworth Cup, 49
Harrison, Edward, 186, 368–9
Hart, Basil Liddell, 192, 210
Hart, William S., 312
Hartlepool, 112, 113
Harvey, Joan, 128
Hawker, Harry, 46, 55
Head, Henry, 242
Headlam-Morley, John, 327, 369
Hearst, William Randolph, 309
Heath, Frank, 157–8, 349, 354, 370
Hegel, philosophical school of, 54
HMS Helga, 132
Henderson, Miss, 128
Henderson, General Sir David, 69–70
Henry, Sir Edward, 180–1
Hepworth, Cecil, 292
Hertz, Heinrich, 18
HMS Hibernia, 68
Highclere Park estate, Hampshire, 64
Hill, Archibald Vivian, 150, 352, 353, 370–1
Hindenburg, Marshal von, 328
Hipper, Franz von, 112, 113, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121
Hippisley, Colonel, 105
Hitler, Adolf, 190, 334
Hobart (German merchant steamship), 106–7
Hobsbawm, Eric, 15
Hoechst, 20, 167, 185
Holmes, Gordon, 252–3, 371
the Holocaust, 334
Holt Company, California, 196, 197
Home Front, 11–12, 288, 311, 314, 316, 330
Home Rule movement, Irish, 129
homosexuality, 257
Hong Kong, 17
Hope, Herbert, 111, 115, 121, 123
Hopkinson, Bertram, 33, 347, 348, 372
horses, 78, 197–8, 216–17
Howell, Major Wilfred, 130
Hunstanton coastguard station, 105–6
Hurley, Frank, 311
Hurst, Dr Arthur, 254–5, 372–3
hydrotherapy, 262
hypnosis, 244, 254, 262
Imperial Airways, 336
Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI), 337–8, 355
Imperial College, London, 54, 61, 156, 174, 179–80, 215–16, 345
Imperial General Staff, 55
Imperial War Museum, 331–3
HMS Indefatigable, 120
India, 53, 138, 217, 256, 269
Delhi Durbar (1911), 295
industrial production, 16–17, 19–20, 27, 28–30, 33–4, 38, 74, 157, 167–9, 170–2, 332, 337–8, 353–4
health issues and, 10, 171
strikes and unrest, 14, 319
Industrial Revolution, 16, 33, 37–8
Inskip, Thomas, 127
intelligence, 10, 11
Churchill and, 110–11, 112–14, 115, 118, 122
failures in processing of, 112–16, 118, 121–2, 123
Henderson’s principles, 69–70
interception of diplomatic cables, 110, 111, 125, 126–7, 138, 139–44, 145–6
propaganda and, 318
Secret Service Bureau, 125
‘the surveillance state’, 10, 339–40
use of misinformation, 110, 116, 136–8
Intelligence Corps, 84–5, 289
International Film Corporation, 309
HMS Invincible, 120
Ireland, 128–32, 281
Easter Rising (April 1916), 132, 298
Irish nationalists, 274
Irish Volunteers, 129
Irvine, James, 219
Italy, 77, 311, 321, 327
Jackson, Captain Sir Thomas, 118–19
Jackson, Colonel Louis, 155, 179, 200
Japan, 139, 140
Russo-Japanese War (1904–5), 38, 116, 161, 194, 295
Jardine, Brigadier J.B., 251
Jellicoe, Admiral Sir John, 111–12, 114, 115, 119–20, 121, 122, 123, 294, 296
jet engine, 10, 355, 357
Jews, 169
Balfour Declaration and, 170
John, Augustus, 235
John Bull, 276
Johnson, William, 254
Jones, Roderick, 283–4, 318, 320, 373
Joubert de la Ferté, Captain Philip, 2–5, 80–1, 83
Jung, Carl, 255
Jury, William, 294, 304, 310, 312, 314, 373–4
Jury’s Imperial Pictures, 293–4, 304
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry, 174, 184
Kaufman, Dr Fritz, 263
Kaye, Captain H., 246–7
Kennedy, Sir Alexander, 156
Keogh, Sir Alfred, 215–16, 218, 221, 227, 234, 237
Keynes, John Maynard, 150
Keystone Company, 291
Kiel, 112
Kine Weekly, 305
Kinemacolor, 295, 296
Kinematograph Manufacturers’ Association, 293
Kings College, Cambridge, 127
Kipling, Rudyard, 277, 280
Kirkwood, Lieutenant, 251–2
Kitchener, Lord, 76, 89, 155, 172, 178, 181, 193, 201, 202
appeals to the public for funds, 217
death of (1916), 315
Press Bureau and, 271–2
recruitment at start of war, 269–71
views on the press, 271, 272
‘Your Country Needs YOU’ poster, 269–71
Kling, Dr André, 178
Knox, Dilwyn ‘Dilly’, 127, 128, 374
Krupps, 154, 161, 196
La Pitié Hospital, Paris, 23
Labour Party, 315
Lambert, Bertram, 186
Lancashire Fusiliers, 301–2, 308
Lancaster bomber, 48
The Lancet, 243
Lanchester, Frederick, 27–8, 29, 30, 59–60, 156, 374–5
Lanchester Engine Company, 28
Lane, Sir William Arbuthnot, 236, 237–8
Langrishe, Sir Hercules, 133–4
Lansing, Robert, 144
lantern shows, 26
Larkhill field, Salisbury Plain, 66, 67, 70–1
Latham, Hubert, 50
Law, Andréw Bonar, 315
Lawrence, Colonel T.E. (‘of Arabia’), 97, 124, 324–5
Laws, Victor, 85, 91–2
Le Queux, William, Spies of the Kaiser, 105
Lee, Arthur, 62
Lee Enfield rifles, 37, 81
Leeds University, 33, 149, 154–5
Leete, Alfred, 269–70, 375–6
Leishman, Sir William, 216
Lewis, Cecil, 94
Lewis machine guns, 90, 205
Leyden University, 21
Leysdown, Isle of Sheppey, 41–2, 43, 45, 62
Libau (German vessel), 132
Liberal Party, 53, 67, 117, 156, 278, 279, 287, 315
Liège, Belgium, 161
light bulb, electric, 16, 191, 356
Light Locomotives on Highways Act, 27
Lindemann, Frederick, 340–6, 348, 350, 351, 376–7
linguistics, 11, 127–8
HMS Lion, 114, 116, 120
literacy, 24, 285
literary figures, 11, 280, 284–7, 316, 324
Livens, William, 187–8
Liverpool University, 33
Lloyd George, David, 22, 156, 162, 172, 201, 305, 306
becomes Prime Minister, 315–16
Britain’s official war aims, 319–20
‘Garden Suburb’ of, 316
the press and, 322–4
propaganda and, 316–17, 320, 322–4, 326, 330
Lloyds the insurers, 102
Loch, Captain, 127
Lockhart, Robert Bruce, 310
Locock, Sir Guy, 136–7
Lodge, Sir Oliver, 155
London, 29, 34, 48, 135, 171, 180–1, 197, 225, 237, 279, 291, 356; 1908
Olympic Games, 102
electric underground railway, 35, 269
first regular aviation services from, 336
&nbs
p; inequality in, 14
size of, 35
London School of Economics, 54, 283
London University, 10, 54, 61, 127, 156, 157, 174, 179–80, 215–16, 283, 345
Lonsdale, Earl of, 250–1, 270
lorries, articulated, 29
Lowry, Martin, 170
Ludendorff, General Erich, 95–6, 207–8, 333
Lumiere Brothers, 26
lunatic asylums, 23
Lutzow (German warship), 120
Lynch, J.R, 217
Macdonogh, General Sir George, 103
Machell, Lieutenant-Colonel Percy, 250–1
machine guns, 9, 37, 64, 90, 95, 154, 172
Battle of the Somme (1916) and, 202–3
Gatling gun, 191
Lewis, 90, 205
static war and, 192, 193, 194, 195, 198
Vickers, 191–2, 202, 205
Madge, H.A., 104
Madrid, 125
Magdalene College, Oxford, 346
Magdeburg (light cruiser), 107, 116
Maghull (later Moss Side) Hospital, 255–6
Majestic film theatre, Clapham, 290
Major, John, 265
Malins, Geoffrey, 293–4, 300–4, 306, 311, 314, 377
Manchester, 35
Manchester Guardian, 24, 305
Manchester University, 14, 33, 149, 151, 155, 169, 255
Mannock, Edward, 94
Marconi, Guglielmo, 18
Marconi Wireless Telegraph
Company, 18, 104, 336–7
Martlesham Heath, Suffolk, 347
Mary, Queen, 295
Masefield, John, 280
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 34
Masterman, Charles, 278–9, 280, 282–3, 284, 286–7, 318, 320–1, 377–8
cinema and, 293, 294, 297
end of war and, 330
war artists
and, 312–13
Mata Hari (Margaretha Zelle), 134–5
mathematics, 8, 33, 59, 61, 152, 153, 344, 347, 352, 353
Principia Mathematica (Russell and Whitehead), 14, 150
Matthews, Private, 228
Maudsley Hospital, London, 249
Maxim, Hiram Percy, 191–2
McCudden, James, 94
McDougall, William, 242
McDowell, John Benjamin, 301, 303, 304, 311, 314
McKenna, Reginald, 135–6
Medical Research Committee, 11, 22, 226–7, 339
medicine: advances in Edwardian era, 15, 20–2
anaesthetics, 20–1, 219, 235
antiseptics, 21, 157, 213–14, 219, 226–7, 337, 338–9
cosmetic surgery, 339
discovery of radium, 21
drugs, 8, 11, 20, 21, 157, 219, 338–9, 357
foundations of progress laid during War, 10, 337, 338–9
preventative, 21–2, 216
research, 10–11, 22
shortage of doctors on Home Front, 239
surgery, 12, 20–1, 213–14, 218, 220–1, 224, 226–7, 228, 229, 230, 233–9, 339
X-rays, 21, 149–50; see also bacteriology; military medicine
mental disorders: electric shock treatment, 254, 259–60
French treatments, 23, 261–2
insanity, 23
post-traumatic stress disorder, 245
social class and, 245, 248
as un-masculine, 245, 251; see also shell shock
merchant shipping, 138–9, 146
metal fatigue, 33
Meteorological Office, 59
meteorology, 350
Metropolitan Carriage, Wagon and Finance Company, Birmingham, 199
Metropolitan Police, 181
Metropolitan Vickers, 336–7
Mexico, 139, 140–1, 142, 143, 145
Middle Eastern region, 68, 97–8, 124–5, 311, 324–5
Balfour Declaration (1917), 170
Middlebrook, Martin, 251
Miles, Lilian, 171
Military Intelligence 5 (MI5), 125
military medicine: ambulance trains or barges, 224, 226, 228, 230, 231, 232, 253
anaesthetics, 219, 235
antiseptics, 213–14, 219, 226–7, 337, 338–9
appeals to the public for funds, 217
army morale and, 214, 240
base camp General Hospitals, 224–5, 226, 232, 244, 249, 338
basic field dressing parcel, 221
Battle of the Somme (1916) and, 228–30, 236, 250
blood transfusion techniques, 220–1, 338
care and rehabilitation of wounded soldiers, 232–3, 234–9
Carrell-Dakin solution, 226–7
casualties through disease and fever, 214–15
the Casualty Clearing Station (CCS), 222–4, 226, 228, 229, 230–2, 241, 249, 252, 254, 303, 357
consulting surgeons to army, 218–19
convalescence and treatment in Britain, 225, 232–3, 234–9
doctors in the army, 213, 215, 239, 240
dramatic improvements during war, 239
drugs, 219, 338–9, 357
evacuation of the wounded, 222–6, 227–8, 229–30, 231–2
face reconstruction work, 233–9
Field Ambulance units, 222, 226, 228, 231
flexibility in final phase of the war, 231–2
general-specialist care balance, 233
Haldane’s reforms, 215, 216
horse-drawn ambulances, 216–17
Keogh’s reforms, 215–16
medical officer fatalities, 222
Medium First Aid Kit, 221
Military Hygiene and Sanitation for Soldiers (1908 manual), 216
mortality levels from wounds, 215
motorised ambulances, 216, 217
network of clearing hospitals behind lines, 215, 216, 221, 222
plastic surgery, 233–9
preventative, 216
private charities and, 217–18
private hospitals attached to army, 242–3
RAMC formed (1898), 215
Regimental Aid Posts (advanced dressing stations), 222, 228, 232
role of bacteria, 214, 219–20, 221
shrapnel wounds, 219–20, 221
Sir Almroth Wright’s criticisms, 226–7
specialisms within CCSs, 223, 230–1
speed of treatment of wounded men, 218–19, 221, 222
stretcher-bearers, 221, 222, 226, 228
surgery, 213–14, 218, 220–1, 224, 226–7, 228, 229, 230, 233–9, 339
survival rates, 214–15, 233, 240
Territorial Force and, 215, 216, 218, 221
treatment of German prisoners, 232
volunteers at the front, 216, 217, 218, 234
X-rays, 231
Mills, William, 159–60, 378
Milne, E.A., 352
Milner, Lord, 285, 317, 320
Minerva cars, 44
mines under enemy lines, 166, 167, 302, 305–6
Ministry of Munitions, 91, 170, 172, 188, 200, 208, 315, 337
Anti-Aircraft Experimental Station, 352
establishment of, 156
Inventions Department, 156
Model T Ford, 30
Moir, Ernest, 156
Molyneux, Edward, 127
Mond, Sir Alfred, 331, 332
Montgomery, Rev. William, 127, 139–40, 142
Moore, Arthur, 272–3
Moore-Brabazon, John, 14, 41–2, 43–5, 48, 49–50, 59, 63, 73–1, 84, 336, 379
photography and, 84–5, 87, 89, 92–3
Morestin, Hippolyte, 234
The Morning Post, 161, 277
Mors cars, 44
Morse, Samuel, 17, 18
motor boats, 28
motor cars: American, 30
assembly plants, 29
British, 27–8, 29, 30, 43, 45–6
coach manufacturers and, 29
electric starter systems, 29
French, 27, 43, 45
fuel supply industry, 29
German, 27
growth of motor industry, 30
Northcliffe and, 49
racing of, 28–9, 43–4; A.V. Roe and, 46
speed limits in Britain, 27
spread of in Edwardian Britain, 28, 29–30, 35, 356
standardising of components, 30
motor-boat racing, 49
motorcycle engines, 63
Mott, Frederick W., 249
Moulton, Lord, 168
munitions: anti-aircraft weapons, 156, 352, 353
armour plating, 38, 115, 120, 196, 197, 205
‘declinist’ view of inter-war Britain, 353–4
explosions and health risks at factories, 171
Germany outproduces Allies (in 1914), 154
grenades, 158–60
Gun Ammunition Filling Department, 170
munitions factories in Britain, 170–2, 296, 311, 357
muskets, 158
naval heavy guns, 169, 296
production of, 208
rifles, 37, 78, 81
tanks and, 198–9, 201, 202, 205
torpedoes, 72, 296
Trench Warfare Department, 155–6, 162, 200
see also artillery; machine guns; Ministry of Munitions
Murray, Gilbert, 280
mustard gas, 186–8, 189, 190, 219, 354
Myers, Charles Samuel, 23, 242–3, 244, 246, 248–50, 252, 254–5, 256, 379–80
Namier, Lewis, 283, 323, 380–1
Namur, Belgium, 161
Nash, Paul, 313
National Broadcasting Company (NBC), 338
National Health Insurance Commission, 219
National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, London, 23, 252, 256, 259–60
National Insurance, 22
National Insurance Commission, 279, 282
National Memorial Arboretum, Staffordshire, 266
National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, 6, 59, 158, 350, 354
National Security Agency, US, 339–0
National War Aims Committee (NWAC), 319–20, 330
Nauen transmitting station, 104–5, 140
naval engagements, 112–16, 118–23, 138, 238, 352
Naval War Staff, 68
navigation, aerial, 79–80, 345, 355
Nelson & Sons, Thomas, 285, 286–7, 289
Nernst, Walther, 341–2, 346
Neuve-Chapelle, Artois region, 87, 89, 117, 156, 287
Nevinson, Christopher, 313
New College, Oxford, 10, 127
New Guinea, 242, 256
New York, 16, 298
New Zealand, 233–4
Nicholson, General Sir William, 66–7
Nightingale, Florence, 215
nitric acid, 20, 167
nitroglycerine, 166
Nobel, Alfred, 166
Nobel Prizes for science, 6, 15, 20, 150, 152, 166, 174, 342, 352
Nonne, Max, 262
Northcliffe, Lord: aviation and, 32, 49–50, 58, 62, 381–2
early papers and magazines, 24–5
influence of, 25, 287
innovations in newspaper industry, 24–5
Ministry of Information and, 322–3, 324, 326–8, 329–30
war coverage and, 272–3, 275